320:, that the military knew that Gunther's killing was intentional but continued to avoid correcting their initial position to both the public and even to Gunther's family. The soldiers stated that it was an anti-tank rocket that had killed Gunther, implying it had not been a simple misfortune, but a deliberately aimed warhead that killed the Corporal driving a marked UN Peacekeeping vehicle.
299:
minister. The military's initial position was that
Gunther was likely killed unintentionally by shrapnel from a distant mortar and that, as a new peacekeeper, he may have exposed himself by being outside the protection of his vehicle. The military's press release that evening read, "Corporal Daniel Gunther ... was killed today when a
248:
Critics of the military believed the
Department of National Defence and Canadian Forces attempted to minimize the negative impacts on public opinion in order to avoid being forced to scale back its participation in increasingly violent peacekeeping missions. Canadian historian, and former head of the
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Most of more than 100 deaths in the period were played down. Even the circumstances of some deaths was fudged. For example, when Cpl. Daniel
Gunther was killed in the former Yugoslavia in 1993, the army said he was hit by random shrapnel. Much later it was reported that he was deliberately targeted
354:
Gunther belonged to a military family. His father Peter
Gunther was a Captain (who eventually spent 37 years in the military) and his maternal grandfather retired as a Sergeant. Daniel Gunther was born in Germany while his father was assigned to a military base there. In 1987, the year after he and
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The conclusion of the incident report was justified by a unanimous, but classified, conclusions of an internal board of inquiry that were not made public until after it became a controversy. The official military account wasn't publicly challenged until
December 1993, six months after the incident
225:
government to call a public inquiry in 1994. The resulting investigation affected all levels of the
Department of National Defence. The public also responded to surveys released in 1993 also showed that soldiers were resistant to openly homosexual soldiers and that 26.5 per cent of female personnel
216:
1993 was a dark year for
Canadian Forces. The public image of Canada's armed forces took a "severe beating" in 1993. Canadian soldiers committed abusive behaviour, including racism, torture and murder in Somalia in March 1993 (two months prior to Gunther's killing in Bosnia). The Canadian political
362:
In addition to the perceived lengthy cover-up of the real nature of
Gunther's killing, some slights by the military contributed to Gunther's parents criticizing the military publicly. In a period of time when Internet usage was somewhat novel, the family created webpages to honour and advocate for
268:
At 12:40, just 40 minutes after a ceasefire was supposed to start at noon, Gunther stood up to look out the front of his APC, with his captain and sergeant at the back. The sun was directly overhead as he surveyed the land through binoculars. He saw a line of tracer fire arcing across the sky and
229:
The scandals contributed to increased debate about Canada's management of its armed forces, public accountability and participation in active war zones such as Bosnia. A parliamentary committee examined and wrote a report on the issue of peacekeeping missions in increasingly dangerous conflicts.
277:
A ceasefire between the
Serbian, Croatian and Muslim forces was agreed upon to start at noon on June 18. The killing of Gunther occurred 40 minutes after the ceasefire began. The Bosnian army claimed he was killed by a Serb mortar round. The United Nations would not comment on the details of the
366:
Since he had a one-year-old child, Gunther tried to amend his armed forces supplementary insurance policy from $ 100,000 to $ 250,000 prior to his departure to Bosnia. His unit, anxious to get him overseas immediately, told him he could do that once he got to Bosnia. He was killed days after he
298:
Immediately following his death, an incident report stating that he was the victim of a "deliberate attack by an anti-tank rocket" was sent to the
National Defense Headquarters in Ottawa. The report was received within six hours of the incident and was in a daily briefing package for the deputy
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Series consists of documents relating to leadership in the Canadian Forces, and regarding the Board of Inquiry into command control and leadership of CANBAT 2 in Bosnia, the Haiti Board of Inquiry into leadership relationships with the Military Police and events surrounding the mistreatment of
781:, 40 minutes after the noon cease-fire was supposed to silence guns across Bosnia. Cpl. Daniel Gunther, 24, of Val-Belair, Que., died in Buci, about 12 miles northwest of the Bosnian capital in an area of high Muslim-Croat tension. U.N. officials said it was unclear who was responsible.
358:
In April 1993, Daniel was placed on standby for duty in Bosnia. In May, he was assigned to Bosnia selected as an emergency reinforcement to replace an injured soldier in Bosnia, leaving his wife Marie-Josée Vincent and his ten-month-old son Alexandre in Quebec.
345:
After the hostile nature of Gunther's killing became a controversy, some questioned whether Kim Campbell's campaign was a factor in downplaying the facts about his death. It was later demonstrated that she was not informed about the hostile nature of his death.
367:
arrived and before he could make the necessary changes to his policy. The army commander, Lieutenant-General Baril, later admitted that Gunther had been given insufficient time to prepare for his tour but, without a signature, the policy stood at $ 100,000.
776:
Fighting threatens cease fire SARAJEVO, Bosnia-Herzegovina (AP) — Skirmishes between Muslims and Croats threatened a new cease-fire Friday, but fighting eased in Serb-dominated regions. A Canadian U.N. peacekeeper was killed in fighting near
240:
Media relations was a challenge for the Canadian Forces in this decade due to a number of military scandals, the growing complexity of their missions, and the newer model of in-the-field broadcast journalism (sometimes referred to as the
203:
Gunther was the third Canadian fatality in the Yugoslavia peacekeeping mission, and also the only Canadian soldier killed by hostile fire for the decade between 1993 and 2004 when Corporal Jamie Murphy was killed in
269:
when he turned to call out his report, a shot sounded from a nearby building. An anti-tank rocket, most probably an 82-millimeter Recoilless rifle, burst through Daniel's chest, and his head was torn from his body.
382:, an award given to families of all service personnel killed overseas, the military sent it to Gunther's mother by mail and it was tarnished, not new. When Gunther's mother went to the following year's
853:"In the line of fire:Corporal Daniel Gunther was 24 when he was killed in Bosnia. Why did it take so long for the truth about his death to come out? An investigation into military coverage"
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by an anti- tank rocket. "There was a generalized policy on the part of (defence headquarters) not to publicize these things and not to make a big thing of it," Granatstein said
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703:
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killing or which side was responsible, which led to questions whether they were limiting public comments in order to avoid disrupting negotiations between the parties.
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Because of the inaccurate publicity, some news publications were led to speculate whether the M113 APC was obsolete and unsafe for use in peacekeeping missions.
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bomb fell close to his vehicle." A public-affairs officer also added, "Corporal Gunther was probably halfway out of his vehicle when he was hit by shrapnel."
237:. Gunther's death occurred two days after Mulroney's last appearance in the House of Commons and seven days prior to Campbell's first day as Prime Minister.
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Canadian Forces documents about circumstances surrounding his death are preserved in the National Defence Headquarters Directorate of History and Heritage.
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The manner of his killing was inaccurately reported by the military to the public and Gunther's family which eventually caused a controversy in Canada.
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Canadian War Museum, Jack Granatstein has cited Gunther's death as an example of a general policy by defense headquarters to limit publicizing details.
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Canada's role and management of peacekeeping units was an active topic for defence minister Kim Campbell who was competing to replace Prime Minister
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Canadian officials also did not identify which group was responsible for the killing. Eventually, the rocket was attributed to Muslim militiamen.
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Some years later, the military announced that Gunther's mother would be the Memorial Cross Mother who would lay flowers at the National
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during the Peacekeeping Day Ceremony on October 22, 2000. The Chief of the Defence Staff, General Maurice Baril, also presented the
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The Chatter Box: An Insider's Account of the Irrelevance of Parliament in the Making of Canadian Foreign and Defence Policy
245:) that required more media relations on the ground and could have a rapid impact on news and politics in the home country.
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subsequently published a number of critical articles about the issue in the magazine and in books co-authored by Taylor.
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261:(APC) in Buci, a village with high tension between Muslims and Croats that was about 20 kilometres northwest of
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to lay a bouquet of flowers in her son's honour, she was denied access until after the ceremony had ended.
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The Ministry of National Defence attributed the error to initial information provided from the war zone.
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his parents moved back to Montreal in the suburb of Brossard, Daniel Gunther enlisted in the army.
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His death while on the UN mission in Bosnia led to multiple discussions both in Canada and abroad:
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Haitian detainees, and the circumstances surrounding the death of Corporal Daniel Gunther in 1993.
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and was the source of a controversy about the lack of public transparency by the Canadian Forces.
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and two months after Kim Campbell's landslide election-loss. Two soldiers anonymously notified
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Turning around a supertanker: Media-military relations in Canada in the CNN age
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Hurley, Daniel Terrance (2000). "4 - A changing culture or window dressing?".
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About a month after being assigned to Bosnia, Gunther was driving a UN-marked
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170:(January 13, 1969 – June 18, 1993) was a Canadian soldier serving with the
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Esprit de Corps (magazine) § 1993 cover up of Daniel Gunther's Death
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734:"CLASHES BETWEEN CROATS AND MUSLIMS THREATEN NEW CEASE-FIRE IN BOSNIA"
537:(Thesis). School of Journalism and Communication, Carleton University
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Canada at War and Peace: A Millennium of Military Heritage, Volume 3
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caused concern about a ceasefire between Croatian and Muslim forces
932:"Backgrounder: Mrs Dominique Leiba-Gunther Memorial Cross Mother"
589:"Remembrance Day made more human by recent deaths in Afghanistan"
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Tarnished brass: crime and corruption in the Canadian military
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contributed to a series of debates by parliamentarians and
884:. Ottawa: Esprit de Corps Publications. pp. 237–238.
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Bishop-Stall, Shaughnessy (November 1999). "Remembrance".
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Canadian Annual Review of Politics and Public Affairs 1993
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to bring the soldiers' accounts into the public eye.
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United Nations Protection Force Yugoslavia (UNPROFOR)
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503:"The fog of war: Casualties of friendly fire"
27:Canadian soldier killed in Bosnia (1969–1993)
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1021:Canadian military personnel killed in action
991:Daniel Gunther Canadian Virtual War Memorial
481:. University of Toronto Press. p. 128.
1041:United Nations personnel in the Bosnian War
882:Tested Mettle: Canada's Peacekeepers At War
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401:to his widow, son, father and grandfather.
1026:Deaths by person in Bosnia and Herzegovina
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797:. Esprit de Corps Books. pp. 155–158.
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645:Worthington, Peter (November 17, 1993).
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964:. Canadian Archival Information Network
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30:For the American endocrinologist, see
404:Gunther was posthumously awarded the
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507:Quick Facts - Indepth: Friendly Fire
443:Taylor, Scott; Nolan, Brian (1997).
958:"Leadership in the Canadian Forces"
907:"Tarnished Cross: Insult to Injury"
509:. CBC News Online. October 22, 2003
399:Canadian Peacekeeping Service Medal
378:Instead of providing in person the
880:Brian Nolan; Scott Taylor (1998).
708:Loyal Edmonton Regiment War Museum
25:
766:. Associated Press. June 20, 1993
740:. Associated Press. June 19, 1993
447:. Seal Books. pp. 237–238.
32:Daniel Gunther (endocrinologist)
621:. Canadian Press. June 19, 1993
587:Ward, John (November 8, 2003).
556:Ward, John (10 November 2003).
760:"Fighting threatens ceasefire"
259:M113 armored personnel carrier
1:
851:Cain, Patrick (Summer 1996).
99:Parc Commeratif La Souvenance
1031:Deaths by projectile weapons
857:Ryerson Review of Journalism
615:"Father killed in ceasefire"
477:Leyton-Brown, David (1999).
226:reported sexual harassment.
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1036:People from Soest, Germany
415:Shake Hands with the Devil
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647:"Probing those UN deaths"
811:Rempel, Roy (Jan 2003).
593:Afghanistan News Centre
412:'s award-winning novel
323:Taylor fed the tips to
1016:Canadian Army soldiers
793:Taylor, Scott (1999).
406:Dag Hammarskjöld Medal
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408:and was mentioned in
395:Peacekeeping Monument
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115:Years of service
363:their son's memory.
285:Cover-up controversy
221:eventually lead the
819:. Dundurn. p.
764:Del Rio News Herald
217:issue known as the
176:UN Protection Force
152:Marie-Josée Vincent
938:. October 20, 2000
911:CanadianContent.ca
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273:Ceasefire concerns
265:on June 18, 1993.
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619:Medicine Hat News
562:Lethbridge Herald
325:Peter Worthington
172:Royal 22 RĂ©giment
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454:0770427677
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107:Allegiance
53:1969-01-13
208:in 2004.
166:Corporal
149:Spouse(s)
118:1987–1993
779:Sarajevo
692:(9): 40.
422:Archives
263:Sarajevo
157:Children
126:Corporal
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704:"Risks"
625:June 4,
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95:Buried
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