1004:
973:
1214:
1036:
1310:
burrows within their territory as food traps. In certain coastal prairies, armadillos dig additional burrows for flood protection. Armadillos have been documented to occasionally share burrows with other animals such as rabbits or skunks. However, they very rarely share their burrow with another armadillo except during the mating season. One such incidence of adult armadillos sharing burrows is during extreme cold weather, in which sharing may enhance thermoregulation.
1530:, meaning their offspring are genetically identical due to the division of a single fertilized egg into four matching embryos. This development of identical quadruplets has been utilized as a tool for genetic research. It is possible that the monozygotic polyembryony was an adaptation to accommodate for the female's inability to carry more than one egg during the preimplantation stage. Delaying the implantation further has no effect on the number of offspring produced.
852:
133:
4188:
4194:
4200:
111:
905:
1420:
juveniles. Since juvenile mortality rates are much higher, this most likely indicates an increased ability of adults to escape from predators. Strangely, various physical damages caused to armadillos do not appear to have any significant consequences in breeding or other physical functions. In captivity, armadillos have a much higher life expectancy, with one recorded
344:
1096:
1408:, National Wildlife Refuge staff and the USDA Wildlife Services have actively trapped and removed armadillos from nesting locations. However, though the growth of armadillos in Florida may be contributing to sea turtle invasion, they are also serving as an important primary food source to maintain the endangered
1504:, which acts as both a urethra and vagina. Males are slightly larger than females in size and have testes that descend into the pelvis and a prominent penis. They lack a scrotum. In order to copulate, the female has to lie on her back due to the high amount of bony armor and the ventrally located genitalia.
443:
like shell, called a carapace. Their ossified dermal plates compose a series of six to eleven movable bands covered by leathery keratinous skin, which surrounds and protects the body. A thin epidermal layer separates each of the armor bands, and joints in the shell allow for flexibility. The face,
1419:
Armadillos have a life expectancy of 7 to 20 years. Juveniles lack fully developed and strengthened armor and are much more susceptible to predation, thereby having a much higher mortality rate than adults. Adult armadillos, however, have shown a significant increase in physical damage compared to
1597:
While temperature enhances susceptibility, the actual infection source and mode of transmission are very poorly understood. This is primarily due to the bacteria's slow multiplication rate and long incubation period, making specific infection period identification difficult. The incubation period
1533:
The armadillo young are fully developed at birth. Their eyes are already open, and they are capable of walking after a few hours. However, the skin takes a few weeks to harden. The baby armadillos nurse for two months and by month three or four, they are completely independent. Young armadillos
1297:
Armadillos are most often found in shady forest and brush areas in temperate regions. They thrive in high rainfall habitats most likely due to better soil conditions for burrowing and a higher abundance of food. They are also known to inhabit various other environments ranging from grassland to
1329:
as their main perception for foraging. The nine-banded armadillos are capable of smelling food as much as 20 cm below the ground surface. Once a food item is detected, it digs a small hole using its forefeet. Armadillos are also known to stand on their hind legs using their tail to brace
1309:
Armadillo's burrow systems may be up to ten meters in length and two meter deep and are complex systems with a conjoined central den. Armadillos are known to have as many as twelve burrow sites and multiple entrances for each. They often have a primary burrow for nesting and additional shallow
1321:
are typically non-aggressive, solitary animals. They are, however, known to occasionally show slight aggressive behavior during the mating season or while a female is nursing. Such behavior often includes kicking or chasing and does not cause substantial injury. Armadillos are more likely to
1455:
are opportunistic feeders. They are insectivores to omnivores but are also known to eat small vertebrates. A study conducted on the nine-banded armadillo's stomach content concluded that their diet consists of approximately 7% plant matter and 93% animal matter. Plants include fruit, seeds,
1553:
is unculturable on artificial media, and only after years of research was the ability to culture the bacteria on the footpads of mice discovered. However, the development of the bacteria and study was still very limited until the successful infection of lepromatous leprosy in the nine-banded
1305:
species are sensitive to temperature due to poor insulation. Because of this, they currently are not found in regions with temperatures below -2 degrees
Celsius or 24 annual freeze-over days. They are, however, able to withstand short cold periods by remaining in their burrows.
551:
originated from South
America but has expanded and diversified across numerous countries. The existence of human developments and construction has generally increased the armadillo's ability to expand by facilitating the crossing of previous obstacles. As of 2011, within the
470:
Because they lack significant hair covering, armadillos are particularly sensitive to climate and are therefore most active during summer nights and winter days. Due to their low fat storage, they spend most of their activity foraging for food, which primarily consists of
1484:. They also occasionally eat small mammals, bird eggs, and carrion. However, it is believed that carrion is more readily eaten for the maggots and fly pupae within. Armadillos swallow their food with small soil particles and usually avoid chewing altogether.
1496:
often pair during the breeding season, whereas they are usually solitary animals. While pairing, the male and female intermittently interact while foraging. These interactions include tail wagging, dorsal touching, sniffing, and tail lifting of the female.
1298:
swamp areas and are able to adapt to numerous regions as long as adequate food and water are available. It has been noted that armadillo species are extremely fond of water and will not only use streams for feeding and drinking but also for mud baths.
1268:) is an extinct armadillo species found in North and South America about 2.5 million to 11,000 years ago. It is much larger than current-day species at about 2.5 times the size of the normal nine-banded armadillo and had much thicker, more robust armor.
458:
When threatened, armadillos run to the nearest burrow or crevice and tightly wedge themselves inside with their back alongside the wall. If no such burrow or shelter is available, armadillos curl up in order to protect their vulnerable underside.
542:
are non-territorial, have large progeny, have few predators, and are capable of living in various environments, thus accounting for their large distribution. They are, though, limited by a lack of sufficient insects as a food source and their low
1598:
itself may range from ten months to four years in the nine-banded armadillo, compared to three to six years in humans. The long life of armadillos is particularly useful in the study of chronic effects of leprosy as well as the propagation of
526:
have a unique ability to build up an oxygen debt and hold their breath for up to six minutes. This allows them to cross streams and ponds underwater by simply walking or running along the bottom. If the water body is too large for this,
1605:
Though the majority of nine-banded armadillos contract leprosy, about 15% of the species have been found to be resistant. The resistant specimens are used as a study model in order to develop a possible genetic linkage.
454:
for scavenging and digging burrows. Although they have a very diverse range, armadillos are typically found near bodies of water, and their burrows are often dug into stream banks, tree stumps, or rock or brush piles.
1431:
are highway accidents. This is most likely due to their common response of jumping into the air when startled which causes a direct collision with a passing automobile. Armadillos are also killed by
1359:
in humans. Despite these predispositions, however, armadillos are still considered less prone to get parasites than other common small mammals such as skunks, opossums, and raccoons. No diagnosis of
1534:
have been noted to occasionally share burrows with siblings during their first summer and fall. Armadillos born in the spring are able to breed during the very next season the following summer.
1443:
species as a least concern endangered animal due to its very large distribution, living tolerance, and large progeny and population. A few species are considered at risk due to habitat loss.
1333:
Because of armadillos’ low body temperature, scavenging habits, and damp living environments they are susceptible to certain infections and parasites. Some of these include the bacterium
409:
are solitary and primarily nocturnal to avoid temperature extremes and predation. They exist in numerous habitats ranging from brush to grassland areas and are mainly insectivorous.
1566:. The armadillo became the only known animal other than primates to regularly develop leprosy and has since largely advanced the disease study through use of in vivo propagation of
1112:
Best known and most widely distributed species. It is the only species that is increasing in range and number. Average weight is about 2–6 kg. There are six subspecies:
1003:
972:
4357:
4396:
1590:
is also continually used in research due to its adaptability to the lab environment and ease of handling. The nine-banded armadillo's enhanced ability to grow
1020:
About 1.5 kg in size. It is considered near threatened due to hunting and extreme habitat loss from biofuel production and other agrochemical productions.
531:
can instead gulp in air, inflating their stomachs and intestines and increasing buoyancy. This allows them to float and more easily swim across the water.
2129:
2029:
Gibb, Gillian C.; Condamine, Fabien L.; Kuch, Melanie; Enk, Jacob; Moraes-Barros, Nadia; Superina, Mariella; Poinar, Hendrik N.; Delsuc, Frédéric (2015).
3009:
4331:
4370:
1574:
was also an ideal model due to the ability to replicate experiments on their genetically identical siblings. Despite the discovery of additional
2282:
1801:
1684:
4486:
872:
species, the exact limits of its range are uncertain due to morphological similarities. It weighs about 1–2 kg and is one of the few
2518:
1586:), the nine-banded armadillo remains a favored animal model due to its availability and ideal body temperatures for bacterial hosting.
275:
1962:
1519:
is about five months long, and the implantation delay allows the armadillos to give birth at a more opportune time during the spring.
2315:
1594:
has led to suggestions that armadillo species are more susceptible to the disease due to their generally lower body temperatures.
2956:
1439:
as well as hunted by humans as a food source. Despite hunting, predation, and highway accidents, the IUCN lists the majority of
464:
2946:
2896:
2866:
251:
225:
4388:
3002:
2886:
2876:
4375:
2660:
862:
2670:
2244:
915:
2342:"Patterns of anatomical damage in a population of nine-banded armadillos Dasypus novemcinctus (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae)"
1404:). This accounts for 95% of nest raids in the area and may present a large invasive problem. In order to protect the
4383:
4279:
2700:
1014:
1779:
1662:
2690:
1035:
983:
1213:
4401:
2995:
2768:
1832:"The effect of iron supplementation in the diet of Dasypus novemcinctus (Linnaeus, 1758) armadillos in captivity"
1558:) by Kirchheimer and Storrs in 1971. Soon after, Convit and Pinardi incurred a second successful inoculation of
2140:
132:
1625:
4193:
1602:
outside of humans. The armadillo model has been useful for biochemical, immunological, and vaccine research.
4453:
4199:
4069:
4020:
3831:
2597:
2588:
2511:
920:
A larger species at 8–10 kg and distinguished by spurs located on its hind legs. It is one of the few
4481:
4219:
4187:
2758:
2710:
1405:
1281:
1046:
3345:
2093:
4422:
3817:
3565:
2680:
1106:
648:
332:
241:
4284:
2031:"Shotgun Mitogenomics Provides a Reference PhyloGenetic Framework and Timescale for Living Xenarthrans"
1753:
4440:
3978:
3696:
4305:
4266:
3936:
3915:
3810:
3465:
3435:
3425:
3415:
3131:
2803:
2794:
2622:
2613:
2496:
2434:
1388:
1335:
1184:
755:
311:
119:
3760:
3579:
3542:
3375:
2222:
1348:
4476:
4144:
4083:
4055:
4048:
4013:
3922:
3866:
3838:
3365:
3325:
3295:
2977:
2778:
3999:
3335:
3315:
3262:
3117:
3090:
2289:
2196:
4104:
3964:
3733:
3619:
3475:
3395:
3166:
3138:
2504:
2425:
2394:
989:
722:
519:
351:
325:
127:
3629:
3602:
3590:
3455:
3445:
3355:
3305:
3080:
2987:
2372:"Morphology of female genital tracts in Dasypodidae (Xenarthra, Mammalia): a comparative survey"
4427:
3405:
1249:
species that is of medium size with noticeably shorter ears and tail is speculated to exist in
4409:
4362:
4292:
3971:
3558:
2720:
2483:
2060:
1916:
1853:
1807:
1797:
1791:
1690:
1680:
1674:
1224:
4168:
444:
neck, and underside lack a bony covering and are instead covered with small bunches of hair.
4414:
3992:
3887:
3234:
3182:
2473:
2442:
2386:
2050:
2042:
1970:
1843:
1501:
1273:
665:
600:
304:
289:
282:
851:
3880:
3750:
3686:
3572:
3219:
2921:
2912:
1409:
1394:
1188:
1144:
877:
772:
398:
318:
2004:
1285:
487:
with a long lower jaw and narrow snout. They do have small, rudimentary teeth, but lack
2438:
2341:
1963:"Nine-banded Armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus Animal Model for Leprosy (Hansen's Disease)"
4090:
4062:
4027:
3723:
3677:
3649:
3196:
3175:
3124:
2749:
2578:
2478:
2461:
2417:
2055:
2030:
1400:
1264:
705:
544:
296:
268:
1511:
is actually implanted. The blastocyst is fully developed and remains healthy through
556:, they have not yet migrated south due to the lack of rainfall or water availability.
4470:
4257:
3929:
3859:
3770:
3551:
3241:
3212:
3108:
2371:
1787:
1670:
1428:
1148:
1140:
1064:, making the southern limits uncertain. It is about 1.5–1.8 kg and unlike most
951:
553:
402:
394:
247:
221:
68:
1848:
1831:
4297:
4115:
4076:
3894:
3714:
3703:
3528:
3248:
3227:
2847:
2739:
2398:
1527:
496:
492:
233:
30:
924:
species that gives birth to two young instead of four. There are two subspecies:
405:, as well as on the Caribbean islands of Grenada, Trinidad and Tobago. Members of
110:
4344:
4271:
4251:
4041:
4034:
3943:
3901:
3824:
3516:
3485:
3278:
3145:
1634:
1278:
1172:
584:
379:
204:
194:
43:
904:
4158:
4151:
4097:
4006:
3957:
3873:
3852:
3801:
3780:
3740:
3666:
3495:
3152:
2937:
2413:
2390:
1508:
1383:
389:
88:
53:
4242:
2252:
1526:
are unique among mammals in possessing the reproductive trait of monozygotic
4318:
4134:
4124:
3985:
3950:
3908:
3255:
3205:
3065:
3050:
3019:
2857:
2568:
2528:
2046:
1811:
1694:
1516:
1481:
1326:
1233:
1204:
1180:
1156:
1087:
1069:
1023:
935:
892:
512:
480:
436:
184:
144:
93:
37:
2064:
1857:
343:
499:. Their tongue is particularly long and sticky and is used to forage for
4236:
3845:
3038:
2562:
2556:
2550:
2487:
2370:
Cetica, Pablo D.; Aldana Marcos, Hernan J.; Merani, María Susana (2005).
1457:
1330:
themselves and sniff the air to either locate food or orient themselves.
1322:
respond to threats by freezing, jumping into the air, or sprinting away.
1250:
1200:
1164:
1160:
1079:
1027:
947:
884:
508:
164:
83:
78:
63:
58:
48:
2170:
4448:
4336:
3787:
3505:
3385:
2446:
1708:
1542:
1477:
1375:
1368:
1356:
1340:
1237:
1196:
1176:
1168:
1095:
1083:
992:, but it has been judged that there is not enough data for evaluation.
959:
939:
896:
504:
488:
476:
421:
98:
73:
4349:
3044:
3032:
2544:
1512:
1461:
1436:
1360:
1192:
1075:
963:
943:
888:
472:
174:
154:
4213:
2462:"Immunological characteristics of the armadillo, Dasypus sabanicola"
2288:. The American Society of Mammalogists. pp. 1–9. Archived from
515:
and enhanced hearing to locate buried insects and detect predators.
4323:
1386:
nests, specifically those belonging to the endangered leatherback (
4435:
2828:
2819:
1515:
and nutrients received from uterine secretions during this time.
1465:
1152:
484:
440:
1885:
1793:
Mammal
Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
1676:
Mammal
Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
988:
A small species of about 1.3 kg. It was initially listed as
1796:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 94–95.
1679:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 94–95.
1473:
995:
955:
451:
16:
Genus of mammals belonging to the armadillo order of xenarthrans
4217:
3063:
2991:
2500:
1072:
areas. Gives birth to 8–12 young instead of the typical four.
4310:
2101:
1469:
1432:
500:
450:
species are grey or brown in color and possess long and sharp
1507:
After conception, there is a fourteen-week period before the
2245:"Nine-banded ArmadilloThe Mammals of Texas - Online Edition"
1068:
species that prefer scrub brush areas, it tends to live in
2227:
Florida Museum of
Natural History: Vertebrate Paleontology
463:
species are unable to roll into a complete ball like the
1427:
One of the largest causes of death of armadillos within
1545:
is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacteria
2320:
Columbia
University Introduced Species Summary Project
547:, which prevents them from living in cold climates.
4164:
4140:
4130:
3798:
3776:
3766:
3756:
3746:
3729:
3692:
3662:
3625:
3615:
3598:
3539:
3524:
3501:
3491:
3481:
3471:
3461:
3451:
3441:
3431:
3421:
3411:
3401:
3391:
3381:
3371:
3361:
3351:
3341:
3331:
3321:
3311:
3301:
3291:
3193:
3163:
3105:
3086:
3076:
4226:
4114:
3797:
3713:
3676:
3647:
3589:
3538:
3515:
3276:
3192:
3162:
3104:
2935:
2910:
2855:
2846:
2817:
2792:
2747:
2738:
2649:
2640:
2611:
2586:
2577:
1151:. Within the United States, it currently inhabits
424:due to its unique ability to contract the disease.
1924:FAUNA Paraguay Handbook of the Mammals of Paraguay
1886:"The nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus)"
1747:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1382:have more recently been noted to raid and destroy
1203:. It can also be found in numerous islands of the
483:, and plants. Armadillos have a small, flattened
2412:Loughry, W.J.; Prodohl, P. A.; McDonough, C. M.;
2349:Department of Biology, Valdosta State University
1917:"Seven-Banded Armadillo: Dasypus septemcinctus"
1620:
1618:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1207:, where it may have arrived on trading ships.
3003:
2512:
2316:"Nine-banded Aramdillo (Dasypus novemcinctus"
880:due to significant habitat loss and hunting.
467:due their excessive number of dermal plates.
8:
823:There are currently seven recognized extant
2340:Loughry, WJ; McDonough, CM; Robertson, EG.
2165:
2163:
2161:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2111:
4214:
3655:
3535:
3284:
3101:
3097:
3060:
3010:
2996:
2988:
2852:
2744:
2646:
2583:
2519:
2505:
2497:
518:Armadillos are fully capable of climbing,
420:), which is commonly used in the study of
342:
109:
20:
2477:
2460:Ulrich, M; Convit, J; Rapetti, M (1976).
2054:
2009:Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce
1956:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1847:
2283:"Mammalian Species Dasypus novemcinctus"
2276:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2238:
2236:
1884:Schaefer, J.M.; Hostetler, M.E. (2003).
1830:Rosa, PS; Pinke, CAE; Silva, EA (2009).
1500:Females have an external clitoris and a
1049:or Brazilian lesser long-nosed armadillo
829:
511:and instead rely on their keen sense of
2098:The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2074:
1967:Scand. J. Lab. Anim. Sci. Vol. 36 No. 2
1614:
865:or southern lesser long nosed armadillo
378:is the only extant genus in the family
1825:
1823:
1821:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1227:or Yunga's lesser long nosed armadillo
416:species is the nine-banded armadillo (
412:The most common and widespread of the
1460:and fungi and animal matter includes
7:
4454:CBA37118-8D52-4D5E-A41A-ED26E564B011
4441:92D870C2-BF43-6169-2EDC-A941529061DE
2466:Clinical and Experimental Immunology
2281:Baker, Robert; McBee, Karen (1982).
1890:University of Florida IFAS Extension
747:
697:
690:
640:
633:
592:
575:
565:
14:
4198:
4192:
4186:
2957:Brazilian three-banded armadillo
2243:Davis, WB; Schmidly, DJ (1997).
2223:"Dasypus bellus (Simpson, 1929)"
1212:
1094:
1034:
1017:or northern long-nosed armadillo
1002:
971:
903:
850:
465:Brazilian three-banded armadillo
131:
2947:Southern three-banded armadillo
2897:Southern naked-tailed armadillo
2867:Northern naked-tailed armadillo
2035:Molecular Biology and Evolution
1849:10.1590/S1519-69842009000100014
1752:McDonald, K; Larson, J (2011).
2887:Greater naked-tailed armadillo
2877:Chacoan naked-tailed armadillo
1578:species capable of infection (
1230:About 1.5–2 kg in weight
1139:Found throughout the southern
1052:Very similar in appearance to
1:
2661:Southern long-nosed armadillo
1630:in the Paleobiology Database"
1353:Paracoccidiodies brasiliensis
863:Southern long-nosed armadillo
439:mammals known for their hard
2671:Greater long-nosed armadillo
2418:"Polyembryony in Armadillos"
1836:Brazilian Journal of Biology
1355:, which is the causative of
1347:, which is the causative of
1339:, which is the causative of
916:Greater long-nosed armadillo
4487:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
2701:Llanos long-nosed armadillo
2314:Greenbaum, Matthew (2002).
1015:Llanos long-nosed armadillo
382:. Its species are known as
4503:
2691:Hairy long-nosed armadillo
1961:Vijayaraghavan, R (2009).
1709:"Hyperoambon Peters, 1864"
984:Hairy long-nosed armadillo
4184:
3658:
3287:
3100:
3072:
3059:
3027:
2974:
2769:Screaming hairy armadillo
2539:
2391:10.1007/s00435-005-0111-5
1424:species living 23 years.
1288:in northeastern Argentina
876:species considered to be
769:
752:
745:
719:
702:
695:
688:
662:
645:
638:
631:
597:
590:
573:
535:Taxonomy and distribution
357:
350:
341:
263:
258:
239:
232:
128:Scientific classification
126:
117:
108:
23:
3022:and their extinct allies
1492:Armadillos of the genus
4021:Parapropalaehoplophorus
2598:Greater fairy armadillo
2221:Hulbert Jr, RC (2013).
2171:"Nine-banded Armadillo"
2137:From Penguins to Pandas
1371:has been recorded yet.
1109:or long-nosed armadillo
507:. They have very poor
4070:Pseudoneothoracophorus
2759:Andean hairy armadillo
2711:Seven-banded armadillo
2130:"Armadillo Fact Files"
2005:"Dasypus novemcinctus"
1790:; Reeder, D.M (eds.).
1778:Gardner, A.L. (2005).
1754:"Dasypus novemcinctus"
1673:; Reeder, D.M (eds.).
1661:Gardner, A.L. (2005).
1406:endangered sea turtles
1262:†Beautiful armadillo (
1047:Seven-banded armadillo
4423:Paleobiology Database
2681:Nine-banded armadillo
2249:Texas Tech University
2201:Illinois State Museum
2197:"Beautiful Armadillo"
2047:10.1093/molbev/msv250
2003:Masterson, J (2007).
1374:In some locations in
1187:. It is found in the
1107:Nine-banded armadillo
2804:Six-banded armadillo
2623:Pink fairy armadillo
2534:species by subfamily
1782:Dasypus novemcinctus
1758:Animal Diversity Web
1556:Dasypus novemcinctus
1547:Mycobacterium leprae
1389:Dermochelys coriacea
1336:Mycobacterium leprae
1314:Ecology and behavior
559:Cladogram of living
393:. They are found in
242:Dasypus novemcinctus
120:Dasypus novemcinctus
4056:Propalaehoplophorus
2779:Big hairy armadillo
2439:1998AmSci..86..274L
2295:on 15 February 2016
2146:on 6 September 2015
2128:Despiez, A (2014).
1282:Ituzaingó Formation
1118:D. n. aequatorialis
418:Dasypus novemcintus
3566:Parastegosimpsonia
3167:Pachyarmatheriidae
2447:10.1511/1998.3.274
2426:American Scientist
2351:. pp. 111–121
1564:Dasypus sabanicola
1398:), and the green (
1114:D. n. novemcinctus
4464:
4463:
4410:Open Tree of Life
4220:Taxon identifiers
4211:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4182:
4181:
4178:
4177:
3972:Neosclerocalyptus
3643:
3642:
3639:
3638:
3559:Nanoastegotherium
3272:
3271:
2985:
2984:
2970:
2969:
2842:
2841:
2734:
2733:
2636:
2635:
2532:
2416:(May–June 1998).
1915:Smith, P (2008).
1803:978-0-8018-8221-0
1686:978-0-8018-8221-0
1414:F. concolor coryi
1351:, and the fungus
1345:Trypanosoma cruzi
1243:
1242:
1122:D. n. fenestratus
820:
819:
811:
810:
802:
801:
793:
792:
784:
783:
734:
733:
677:
676:
612:
611:
371:
370:
365:
228:
4494:
4457:
4456:
4444:
4443:
4431:
4430:
4418:
4417:
4405:
4404:
4392:
4391:
4379:
4378:
4366:
4365:
4353:
4352:
4340:
4339:
4327:
4326:
4314:
4313:
4301:
4300:
4288:
4287:
4275:
4274:
4262:
4261:
4260:
4247:
4246:
4245:
4215:
4202:
4196:
4190:
4166:
4142:
4132:
3993:Palaehoplophorus
3979:Neothoracophorus
3888:Eosclerocalyptus
3800:
3778:
3768:
3758:
3748:
3731:
3697:Chlamydophractus
3694:
3664:
3656:
3627:
3617:
3600:
3541:
3536:
3526:
3503:
3493:
3483:
3473:
3463:
3453:
3443:
3433:
3423:
3413:
3403:
3393:
3383:
3373:
3363:
3353:
3343:
3333:
3323:
3313:
3303:
3293:
3285:
3195:
3183:Pachyarmatherium
3165:
3107:
3102:
3098:
3088:
3078:
3061:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2989:
2853:
2745:
2715:D. septemcinctus
2647:
2584:
2530:
2521:
2514:
2507:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2481:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2422:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2376:
2367:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2346:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2300:
2294:
2287:
2278:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2251:. Archived from
2240:
2231:
2230:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2167:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2145:
2139:. Archived from
2134:
2125:
2106:
2105:
2100:. Archived from
2090:
2069:
2068:
2058:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2000:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1973:on 1 August 2015
1969:. Archived from
1958:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1921:
1912:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1881:
1862:
1861:
1851:
1827:
1816:
1815:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1749:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1705:
1699:
1698:
1658:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1628:Dasypus neogaeus
1622:
1580:D. septemcinctus
1502:urogenital sinus
1274:Dasypus neogaeus
1216:
1098:
1042:D. septemcinctus
1038:
1006:
975:
907:
854:
830:
748:
698:
691:
649:D. septemcinctus
641:
634:
593:
576:
566:
522:, and jumping.
363:
346:
333:D. septemcinctus
220:
136:
135:
113:
103:
40:
29:Temporal range:
21:
4502:
4501:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4492:
4491:
4467:
4466:
4465:
4460:
4452:
4447:
4439:
4434:
4426:
4421:
4413:
4408:
4400:
4395:
4387:
4382:
4374:
4369:
4361:
4356:
4348:
4343:
4335:
4330:
4322:
4317:
4309:
4304:
4296:
4291:
4283:
4278:
4270:
4265:
4256:
4255:
4250:
4241:
4240:
4235:
4222:
4212:
4203:
4174:
4110:
3937:Heteroglyptodon
3916:Glyptodontidium
3881:Eleutherocercus
3811:Andinoglyptodon
3793:
3751:Macroeuphractus
3709:
3687:Calyptophractus
3672:
3652:
3635:
3585:
3573:Riostegotherium
3534:
3511:
3466:Prostegotherium
3436:Mazzoniphractus
3426:Macrochorobates
3416:Lumbreratherium
3281:
3268:
3220:Machlydotherium
3188:
3158:
3132:Parapeltecoelus
3096:
3068:
3055:
3023:
3016:
2986:
2981:
2966:
2931:
2922:Giant armadillo
2906:
2838:
2813:
2788:
2730:
2685:D. novemcinctus
2632:
2607:
2589:Calyptophractus
2573:
2535:
2525:
2495:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2420:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2374:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2354:
2352:
2344:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2324:
2322:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2298:
2296:
2292:
2285:
2280:
2279:
2268:
2258:
2256:
2242:
2241:
2234:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2205:
2203:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2180:
2178:
2169:
2168:
2159:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2132:
2127:
2126:
2109:
2092:
2091:
2072:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2013:
2011:
2002:
2001:
1986:
1976:
1974:
1960:
1959:
1938:
1928:
1926:
1919:
1914:
1913:
1904:
1894:
1892:
1883:
1882:
1865:
1829:
1828:
1819:
1804:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1762:
1760:
1751:
1750:
1727:
1717:
1715:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1687:
1660:
1659:
1650:
1640:
1638:
1624:
1623:
1616:
1612:
1540:
1490:
1449:
1422:D. novemcinctus
1410:Florida panther
1395:Caretta caretta
1392:), loggerhead (
1349:Chagas’ disease
1343:, the organism
1325:Armadillos use
1316:
1295:
1259:
1189:Lesser Antilles
1145:Central America
1134:D. n. mexicanus
1102:D. novemcinctus
1086:, and northern
1062:D. novemcinctus
878:near threatened
836:Scientific name
821:
812:
803:
794:
785:
756:D. novemcinctus
735:
678:
613:
537:
430:
312:D. novemcinctus
254:
245:
219:
130:
104:
102:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
35:
34:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4500:
4498:
4490:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4469:
4468:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4458:
4445:
4432:
4419:
4406:
4393:
4380:
4367:
4354:
4341:
4328:
4315:
4302:
4289:
4276:
4263:
4248:
4232:
4230:
4224:
4223:
4218:
4209:
4208:
4205:
4204:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4172:
4162:
4155:
4148:
4138:
4128:
4120:
4118:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4108:
4101:
4094:
4091:Trachycalyptus
4087:
4080:
4073:
4066:
4063:Protoglyptodon
4059:
4052:
4045:
4038:
4031:
4028:Phlyctaenopyga
4024:
4017:
4010:
4003:
3996:
3989:
3982:
3975:
3968:
3961:
3954:
3947:
3940:
3933:
3926:
3919:
3912:
3905:
3898:
3891:
3884:
3877:
3870:
3863:
3856:
3849:
3842:
3835:
3828:
3821:
3814:
3806:
3804:
3802:Glyptodontinae
3795:
3794:
3792:
3791:
3784:
3774:
3764:
3761:Paleurphractus
3754:
3744:
3737:
3727:
3724:Chaetophractus
3719:
3717:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3707:
3700:
3690:
3682:
3680:
3678:Chlamyphorinae
3674:
3673:
3671:
3670:
3659:
3653:
3650:Chlamyphoridae
3648:
3645:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3623:
3613:
3606:
3595:
3593:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3580:Stegosimpsonia
3576:
3569:
3562:
3555:
3547:
3545:
3543:Astegotheriini
3533:
3532:
3521:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3499:
3489:
3479:
3469:
3459:
3449:
3439:
3429:
3419:
3409:
3399:
3389:
3379:
3376:Epipeltecoelus
3369:
3359:
3349:
3339:
3329:
3319:
3309:
3299:
3288:
3282:
3277:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3259:
3252:
3245:
3238:
3231:
3224:
3216:
3209:
3201:
3199:
3197:Pampatheriidae
3190:
3189:
3187:
3186:
3179:
3176:Neoglyptatelus
3171:
3169:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3149:
3142:
3135:
3128:
3125:Epipeltephilus
3121:
3113:
3111:
3095:
3094:
3084:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3047:
3041:
3035:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3007:
3000:
2992:
2983:
2982:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2954:
2943:
2941:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2918:
2916:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2894:
2884:
2874:
2863:
2861:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2825:
2823:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2811:
2800:
2798:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2776:
2766:
2755:
2753:
2750:Chaetophractus
2742:
2736:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2725:Dasypus yepesi
2721:Yepes's mulita
2718:
2708:
2698:
2688:
2678:
2668:
2657:
2655:
2644:
2638:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2619:
2617:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2594:
2592:
2581:
2579:Chlamyphorinae
2575:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2565:
2559:
2553:
2547:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2501:
2494:
2493:
2472:(1): 170–176.
2452:
2433:(3): 274–279.
2404:
2362:
2332:
2306:
2266:
2255:on 16 May 2016
2232:
2213:
2188:
2157:
2107:
2104:on 2014-06-27.
2070:
2041:(3): 621–642.
2021:
1984:
1936:
1902:
1863:
1842:(1): 117–122.
1817:
1802:
1770:
1725:
1700:
1685:
1648:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1539:
1536:
1489:
1486:
1448:
1445:
1401:Chelonia mydas
1315:
1312:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1289:
1269:
1265:Dasypus bellus
1258:
1255:
1245:An additional
1241:
1240:
1231:
1228:
1225:Yepes's mulita
1222:
1217:
1209:
1208:
1137:
1130:D. n. mexianae
1126:D. n. hoplites
1110:
1104:
1099:
1091:
1090:
1073:
1050:
1044:
1039:
1031:
1030:
1021:
1018:
1012:
1007:
999:
998:
993:
986:
981:
976:
968:
967:
933:
930:D. k. pastasae
926:D. k. kappleri
918:
913:
908:
900:
899:
881:
866:
860:
855:
847:
846:
843:
840:
837:
834:
818:
817:
814:
813:
809:
808:
805:
804:
800:
799:
796:
795:
791:
790:
787:
786:
782:
781:
778:
777:
768:
765:
764:
761:
760:
751:
746:
744:
741:
740:
737:
736:
732:
731:
728:
727:
718:
715:
714:
711:
710:
701:
696:
694:
689:
687:
684:
683:
680:
679:
675:
674:
671:
670:
661:
658:
657:
654:
653:
644:
639:
637:
632:
630:
619:
618:
615:
614:
610:
609:
606:
605:
596:
591:
589:
574:
572:
564:
545:metabolic rate
536:
533:
429:
426:
369:
368:
367:
366:
355:
354:
348:
347:
339:
338:
337:
336:
329:
322:
315:
308:
300:
293:
286:
279:
272:
261:
260:
256:
255:
246:
237:
236:
230:
229:
212:
208:
207:
202:
198:
197:
192:
188:
187:
182:
178:
177:
172:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
152:
148:
147:
142:
138:
137:
124:
123:
115:
114:
106:
105:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
41:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4499:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4482:Mammal genera
4480:
4478:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4455:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4437:
4433:
4429:
4424:
4420:
4416:
4411:
4407:
4403:
4398:
4394:
4390:
4385:
4381:
4377:
4372:
4368:
4364:
4359:
4355:
4351:
4346:
4342:
4338:
4333:
4329:
4325:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4307:
4303:
4299:
4294:
4290:
4286:
4281:
4277:
4273:
4268:
4264:
4259:
4253:
4249:
4244:
4238:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4229:
4225:
4221:
4216:
4201:
4197:
4195:
4189:
4171:
4170:
4163:
4161:
4160:
4156:
4154:
4153:
4149:
4147:
4146:
4145:Pedrolypeutes
4139:
4137:
4136:
4129:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4121:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4106:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4095:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4086:
4085:
4084:Stromatherium
4081:
4079:
4078:
4074:
4072:
4071:
4067:
4065:
4064:
4060:
4058:
4057:
4053:
4051:
4050:
4049:Prodaedicurus
4046:
4044:
4043:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4032:
4030:
4029:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4016:
4015:
4014:Paraglyptodon
4011:
4009:
4008:
4004:
4002:
4001:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3976:
3974:
3973:
3969:
3967:
3966:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3955:
3953:
3952:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3941:
3939:
3938:
3934:
3932:
3931:
3930:Glyptotherium
3927:
3925:
3924:
3923:Glyptostracon
3920:
3918:
3917:
3913:
3911:
3910:
3906:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3897:
3896:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3885:
3883:
3882:
3878:
3876:
3875:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3867:Daedicuroides
3864:
3862:
3861:
3860:Coscinocercus
3857:
3855:
3854:
3850:
3848:
3847:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3839:Clypeotherium
3836:
3834:
3833:
3832:Castellanosia
3829:
3827:
3826:
3822:
3820:
3819:
3815:
3813:
3812:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3803:
3796:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3783:
3782:
3775:
3773:
3772:
3771:Proeuphractus
3765:
3763:
3762:
3755:
3753:
3752:
3745:
3743:
3742:
3738:
3736:
3735:
3728:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3716:
3712:
3706:
3705:
3701:
3699:
3698:
3691:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3679:
3675:
3669:
3668:
3661:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3646:
3632:
3631:
3624:
3622:
3621:
3614:
3612:
3611:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3582:
3581:
3577:
3575:
3574:
3570:
3568:
3567:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3554:
3553:
3552:Astegotherium
3549:
3548:
3546:
3544:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3508:
3507:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3480:
3478:
3477:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3440:
3438:
3437:
3430:
3428:
3427:
3420:
3418:
3417:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3390:
3388:
3387:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3370:
3368:
3367:
3366:Eocoleophorus
3360:
3358:
3357:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3326:Barrancatatus
3320:
3318:
3317:
3310:
3308:
3307:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3296:Acantharodeia
3290:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3275:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3246:
3244:
3243:
3242:Scirrotherium
3239:
3237:
3236:
3232:
3230:
3229:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3217:
3215:
3214:
3213:Kraglievichia
3210:
3208:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3168:
3161:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3141:
3140:
3136:
3134:
3133:
3129:
3127:
3126:
3122:
3120:
3119:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3109:Peltephilidae
3103:
3099:
3093:
3092:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3067:
3062:
3058:
3052:
3048:
3046:
3042:
3040:
3036:
3034:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3021:
3013:
3008:
3006:
3001:
2999:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2980:
2979:
2973:
2962:
2961:T. tricinctus
2958:
2955:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2940:
2939:
2934:
2927:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2915:
2914:
2909:
2902:
2901:C. unicinctus
2898:
2895:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2882:
2881:C. chacoensis
2878:
2875:
2872:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2834:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2809:
2808:E. sexcinctus
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2791:
2784:
2780:
2777:
2774:
2773:C. vellerosus
2770:
2767:
2764:
2760:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2705:D. sabanicola
2702:
2699:
2696:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2639:
2628:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2603:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2570:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2533:
2522:
2517:
2515:
2510:
2508:
2503:
2502:
2499:
2489:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2456:
2453:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2419:
2415:
2408:
2405:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2379:Zoomorphology
2373:
2366:
2363:
2350:
2343:
2336:
2333:
2321:
2317:
2310:
2307:
2291:
2284:
2277:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2228:
2224:
2217:
2214:
2202:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2176:
2172:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2158:
2142:
2138:
2131:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2066:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2025:
2022:
2010:
2006:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1925:
1918:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1891:
1887:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1785:
1783:
1774:
1771:
1759:
1755:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1714:
1710:
1704:
1701:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1668:
1666:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1629:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1601:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1588:D. sabanicola
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1529:
1525:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1503:
1498:
1495:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1454:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1429:North America
1425:
1423:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1402:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1390:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1331:
1328:
1323:
1320:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1304:
1299:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1239:
1236:and possibly
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1149:South America
1146:
1142:
1141:United States
1138:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1010:D. sabanicola
1008:
1005:
1001:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
974:
970:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
952:French Guiana
949:
945:
941:
937:
934:
931:
927:
923:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
906:
902:
901:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
879:
875:
871:
867:
864:
861:
859:
856:
853:
849:
848:
845:Distribution
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
831:
828:
826:
816:
815:
807:
806:
798:
797:
789:
788:
780:
779:
776:
775:
774:
767:
766:
763:
762:
759:
758:
757:
750:
749:
743:
742:
739:
738:
730:
729:
726:
725:
724:
723:D. sabanicola
717:
716:
713:
712:
709:
708:
707:
700:
699:
693:
692:
686:
685:
682:
681:
673:
672:
669:
668:
667:
660:
659:
656:
655:
652:
651:
650:
643:
642:
636:
635:
628:
624:
621:
620:
617:
616:
608:
607:
604:
603:
602:
595:
594:
587:
586:
581:
578:
577:
571:
568:
567:
563:
562:
557:
555:
554:United States
550:
546:
541:
534:
532:
530:
525:
521:
516:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
468:
466:
462:
456:
453:
449:
445:
442:
438:
434:
427:
425:
423:
419:
415:
410:
408:
404:
403:North America
400:
396:
392:
391:
388:naked-tailed
385:
381:
377:
376:
362:
359:
358:
356:
353:
349:
345:
340:
335:
334:
330:
328:
327:
326:D. sabanicola
323:
321:
320:
316:
314:
313:
309:
307:
306:
301:
299:
298:
294:
292:
291:
287:
285:
284:
280:
278:
277:
273:
271:
270:
265:
264:
262:
257:
253:
249:
244:
243:
238:
235:
231:
227:
223:
218:
217:
213:
210:
209:
206:
203:
200:
199:
196:
193:
190:
189:
186:
183:
180:
179:
176:
173:
170:
169:
166:
163:
160:
159:
156:
153:
150:
149:
146:
143:
140:
139:
134:
129:
125:
122:
121:
116:
112:
107:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
39:
32:
26:
22:
19:
4227:
4191:
4167:
4157:
4150:
4143:
4133:
4123:
4116:Tolypeutinae
4103:
4096:
4089:
4082:
4077:Stromaphorus
4075:
4068:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4005:
4000:Palaeopeltis
3998:
3991:
3984:
3977:
3970:
3963:
3956:
3949:
3942:
3935:
3928:
3921:
3914:
3907:
3900:
3895:Eucinepeltus
3893:
3886:
3879:
3872:
3865:
3858:
3851:
3844:
3837:
3830:
3823:
3818:Asterostemma
3816:
3809:
3786:
3779:
3769:
3759:
3749:
3739:
3732:
3722:
3715:Euphractinae
3704:Chlamyphorus
3702:
3695:
3685:
3665:
3628:
3618:
3609:
3608:
3601:
3578:
3571:
3564:
3557:
3550:
3529:Stegotherium
3527:
3504:
3494:
3484:
3474:
3464:
3454:
3444:
3434:
3424:
3414:
3404:
3394:
3384:
3374:
3364:
3354:
3344:
3336:Chasicotatus
3334:
3324:
3316:Archaeutatus
3314:
3304:
3294:
3263:Yuruatherium
3261:
3254:
3249:Tonnicinctus
3247:
3240:
3233:
3228:Pampatherium
3226:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3181:
3174:
3151:
3146:Peltephilus
3144:
3137:
3130:
3123:
3118:Anantiosodon
3116:
3091:Saltatherium
3089:
3079:
3049:Superorder:
2976:
2960:
2950:
2936:
2925:
2911:
2900:
2890:
2880:
2871:C. centralis
2870:
2856:
2848:Tolypeutinae
2832:
2818:
2807:
2793:
2782:
2772:
2762:
2748:
2740:Euphractinae
2724:
2714:
2704:
2694:
2684:
2674:
2664:
2651:
2650:
2641:
2627:C. truncatus
2626:
2614:Chlamyphorus
2612:
2601:
2587:
2531:(Armadillos)
2469:
2465:
2455:
2430:
2424:
2414:Avise, J. C.
2407:
2385:(2): 57–65.
2382:
2378:
2365:
2353:. Retrieved
2348:
2335:
2323:. Retrieved
2319:
2309:
2297:. Retrieved
2290:the original
2257:. Retrieved
2253:the original
2248:
2226:
2216:
2204:. Retrieved
2200:
2191:
2179:. Retrieved
2175:Placentation
2174:
2148:. Retrieved
2141:the original
2136:
2102:the original
2097:
2038:
2034:
2024:
2012:. Retrieved
2008:
1975:. Retrieved
1971:the original
1966:
1927:. Retrieved
1923:
1893:. Retrieved
1889:
1839:
1835:
1792:
1788:Wilson, D.E.
1781:
1773:
1761:. Retrieved
1757:
1716:. Retrieved
1713:www.gbif.org
1712:
1703:
1675:
1671:Wilson, D.E.
1664:
1639:. Retrieved
1633:
1627:
1604:
1599:
1596:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1532:
1528:polyembryony
1523:
1521:
1506:
1499:
1493:
1491:
1488:Reproduction
1452:
1450:
1440:
1426:
1421:
1418:
1413:
1399:
1393:
1387:
1379:
1373:
1364:
1352:
1344:
1334:
1332:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1308:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1286:Paraná Basin
1272:
1263:
1246:
1244:
1219:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1101:
1065:
1061:
1060:, and young
1057:
1053:
1041:
1009:
978:
929:
925:
921:
910:
873:
869:
857:
824:
822:
771:
770:
754:
753:
721:
720:
704:
703:
664:
663:
647:
646:
626:
622:
599:
598:
583:
579:
569:
560:
558:
548:
539:
538:
528:
523:
517:
469:
460:
457:
447:
446:
432:
431:
417:
413:
411:
406:
387:
383:
374:
373:
372:
364:Peters, 1864
360:
331:
324:
317:
310:
303:
295:
288:
281:
276:D. beniensis
274:
267:
240:
234:Type species
215:
214:
118:
31:Late Miocene
24:
18:
4345:iNaturalist
4252:Wikispecies
4105:Xiphuroides
4042:Plohophorus
4035:Plaxhaplous
3965:Metopotoxus
3944:Hoplophorus
3902:Glyptatelus
3825:Boreostemma
3734:Doellotatus
3620:Pliodasypus
3517:Dasypodinae
3486:Punatherium
3476:Pucatherium
3396:Hemiutaetus
3279:Dasypodidae
3139:Peltecoelus
2783:C. villosus
2675:D. kappleri
2665:D. hybridus
2642:Dasypodinae
2567:Superorder
2561:Infraclass
1641:17 December
1635:Fossilworks
1554:armadillo (
1522:Members of
1367:species in
1279:Huayquerian
1277:, from the
1173:Mississippi
1054:D. hybridus
911:D. kappleri
887:, southern
858:D. hybridus
842:Description
839:Common name
666:D. hybridus
601:D. kappleri
585:Hyperoambon
428:Description
380:Dasypodidae
361:Hyperoambon
305:D. neogaeus
290:D. kappleri
283:D. hybridus
205:Dasypodinae
201:Subfamily:
195:Dasypodidae
4477:Armadillos
4471:Categories
4159:Tolypeutes
4152:Priodontes
4098:Urotherium
4007:Panochthus
3958:Lomaphorus
3874:Doedicurus
3853:Comaphorus
3781:Prozaedyus
3741:Euphractus
3667:Proeutatus
3630:Propraopus
3603:Anadasypus
3591:Dasypodini
3496:Stenotatus
3456:Prodasypus
3446:Meteutatus
3356:Coelutatus
3346:Chorobates
3306:Amblytatus
3153:Ronwolffia
3081:Noatherium
3020:armadillos
3018:Genera of
2951:T. matacus
2938:Tolypeutes
2926:P. maximus
2913:Priodontes
2891:C. tatouay
2795:Euphractus
2763:C. nationi
2695:D. pilosus
2602:C. retusus
2529:Cingulata
2206:1 December
1610:References
1584:D. pilosus
1509:blastocyst
1482:amphibians
1384:sea turtle
990:vulnerable
979:D. pilosus
868:Like many
773:D. pilosus
481:amphibians
437:xenarthran
390:armadillos
384:long-nosed
319:D. pilosus
4135:Kuntinaru
4125:Cabassous
3986:Neuryurus
3951:Kelenkura
3909:Glyptodon
3406:Isutaetus
3256:Vassallia
3206:Holmesina
3066:Cingulata
3051:Xenarthra
3031:Kingdom:
2858:Cabassous
2833:Z. pichiy
2569:Xenarthra
2355:6 October
2325:4 October
2299:3 October
2259:5 October
2181:3 October
2150:6 October
2094:"Dasypus"
2014:5 October
1977:3 October
1929:4 October
1895:5 October
1763:6 October
1600:M. leprae
1592:M. leprae
1568:M. leprae
1560:M. leprae
1551:M. leprae
1517:Gestation
1327:olfaction
1234:Argentina
1220:D. mazzai
1205:Caribbean
1181:Tennessee
1157:Louisiana
1088:Argentina
1070:grassland
1058:D. mazzai
1024:Venezuela
936:Venezuela
893:Argentina
827:species:
706:D. mazzai
297:D. mazzai
269:D. bellus
185:Cingulata
151:Kingdom:
145:Eukaryota
36:9–0
33:-Recent,
4389:11700004
4237:Wikidata
3846:Cochlops
3045:Mammalia
3039:Chordata
3037:Phylum:
3033:Animalia
2978:Category
2563:Eutheria
2557:Mammalia
2551:Chordata
2545:Animalia
2543:Kingdom
2065:26556496
1858:19347153
1812:62265494
1695:62265494
1478:reptiles
1458:mushroom
1251:Paraguay
1201:Trinidad
1165:Oklahoma
1161:Arkansas
1080:Paraguay
1028:Colombia
948:Suriname
885:Paraguay
883:Eastern
520:swimming
509:eyesight
505:termites
489:incisors
477:reptiles
475:, small
352:Synonyms
259:Species
248:Linnaeus
222:Linnaeus
191:Family:
175:Mammalia
165:Chordata
161:Phylum:
155:Animalia
141:Domain:
4449:ZooBank
4363:1356569
4337:2440775
4272:Dasypus
4258:Dasypus
4243:Q902499
4228:Dasypus
4169:Vetelia
3788:Zaedyus
3610:Dasypus
3506:Utaetus
3386:Eutatus
3043:Class:
2820:Zaedyus
2652:Dasypus
2549:Phylum
2527:Extant
2479:1541395
2435:Bibcode
2399:8252572
2056:4760074
1718:2 April
1665:Dasypus
1663:"Genus
1576:Dasypus
1572:Dasypus
1543:Leprosy
1538:Leprosy
1524:Dasypus
1494:Dasypus
1462:beetles
1453:Dasypus
1447:Feeding
1441:Dasypus
1437:coyotes
1380:Dasypus
1376:Florida
1369:Florida
1365:Dasypus
1363:within
1357:mycosis
1341:leprosy
1319:Dasypus
1303:Dasypus
1293:Habitat
1284:of the
1257:Fossils
1247:Dasypus
1238:Bolivia
1197:Grenada
1185:Georgia
1177:Florida
1169:Alabama
1084:Bolivia
1066:Dasypus
960:Bolivia
940:Ecuador
922:Dasypus
897:Uruguay
874:Dasypus
870:Dasypus
825:Dasypus
627:Dasypus
625: (
582: (
570:Dasypus
561:Dasypus
549:Dasypus
540:Dasypus
529:Dasypus
524:Dasypus
493:canines
473:insects
461:Dasypus
448:Dasypus
433:Dasypus
422:leprosy
414:Dasypus
407:Dasypus
399:Central
375:Dasypus
216:Dasypus
211:Genus:
181:Order:
171:Class:
25:Dasypus
4415:796671
4376:180102
4324:1DSPSG
3235:Plaina
2555:Class
2488:825337
2486:
2476:
2397:
2177:. 2005
2063:
2053:
1856:
1810:
1800:
1693:
1683:
1513:oxygen
1480:, and
1466:snails
1361:rabies
1193:Tobago
1147:, and
1076:Brazil
964:Brazil
962:, and
944:Guyana
895:, and
889:Brazil
497:enamel
495:, and
401:, and
4436:Plazi
4428:43535
4358:IRMNG
4350:47070
4311:18664
4298:62Q88
2829:Pichi
2421:(PDF)
2395:S2CID
2375:(PDF)
2345:(PDF)
2293:(PDF)
2286:(PDF)
2144:(PDF)
2133:(PDF)
1920:(PDF)
1786:. In
1669:. In
1562:into
1474:worms
1451:Most
1301:Most
1153:Texas
833:Image
513:smell
485:skull
452:claws
441:armor
395:South
4402:9360
4397:NCBI
4371:ITIS
4332:GBIF
4319:EPPO
4285:3300
4280:BOLD
2484:PMID
2357:2014
2327:2014
2301:2014
2261:2014
2208:2014
2183:2014
2152:2014
2061:PMID
2016:2014
1979:2014
1931:2014
1897:2014
1854:PMID
1808:OCLC
1798:ISBN
1765:2014
1720:2021
1691:OCLC
1681:ISBN
1643:2021
1582:and
1470:ants
1433:dogs
1199:and
1183:and
1132:and
1026:and
996:Peru
956:Peru
928:and
503:and
501:ants
479:and
435:are
252:1758
226:1758
44:PreꞒ
4384:MSW
4306:EoL
4293:CoL
4267:ADW
2474:PMC
2443:doi
2387:doi
2383:124
2051:PMC
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94:Pg
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