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discretion of the employer. Upon completing his first five-year term of service, DeMarco was advised that a contract renewal would not be offered to him, and he left the employment of the school. He then sued under the Age
Discrimination in Employment Act alleging his age played a role in the school's decision, which the school denied.
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as a math instructor starting in 1985. Although he was a lay instructor, he also led the class in morning prayer and took the students to mass. Under the terms of his contract of employment, his employment was to last five years with the option to extend that employment in five-year increments at the
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Although the central holding of this case is still valid, other courts have either declined to follow or declined to extend the ruling to employees of church-based organizations whose positions are "ministerial" or "ecclesiastical" in nature. The determination of whether a position is ministerial in
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The court noted that other anti-discrimination statutes were held to be applicable to religious organizations, except for statutes that prohibited discrimination based on religious belief. Since statutes prohibiting discrimination by race, gender and national origin were already found applicable to
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The ministerial exception applies primarily to members of the clergy. The court finds that there is a pervasive religious relationship between members of the clergy and their employers (the church). In this case, the religious duties that were alleged to have been violated were easily isolated and
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The trial disputed whether the ADEA applies to religious schools. The answer came back as conditional: ADEA can only apply to an employment action that was taken based on a claim of religious doctrine or tenet if the plaintiff does not challenge the validity of the doctrine or tenet and only asks
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239:, claiming that the non-renewal of DeMarco's contract was due to performance issues. Specifically, the school claimed that he did not begin his classes with prayer or attend mass with his students. The appellant argued that
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religious organizations, it was logical (and a reasonable interpretation of the legislative history) to extend the prohibition against age discrimination to religious organizations as well.
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at the age of forty-nine. Holy Cross High School argued that it was not subject to ADEA laws and that if it were, this case against it violated the
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defined. As a result of this, the district could separate such duties from the age discrimination allegation for fact-finding purposes.
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would be appropriate, because enforcement of labor statutes against religious organizations was unconstitutional under the
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of the First
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shifts to the employer to establish a non-discriminatory purpose for the challenged employment action.
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The decision of the district court was reversed, and the case was remanded for further proceedings.
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whether the doctrine or tenet actually motivated the challenged employment action.
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The decision of the district court was appealed, resulting in this decision.
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DeMarco v. Holy Cross High School, 797 F.Supp. 1142, 1151-52 (E.D.N.Y.1992)
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4 F.3d 166 (2nd Cir. 1993) was a discrimination case brought under the
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United States
District Court for the Eastern District of New York
330:: another case involving ageism claims against a Catholic school
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United States Court of
Appeals for the Second Circuit cases
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List of churches in the Roman
Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn
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Church of St. Francis of Assisi and St. Blaise, Brooklyn
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Church of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary, Brooklyn
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United States Court of
Appeals for the Second Circuit
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824:Cathedral Preparatory School and Seminary, Queens
327:Geary v. Visitation of Blessed Virgin Mary School
1075:United States free exercise of religion case law
1055:United States employment discrimination case law
697:Basilica of Our Lady of Perpetual Help, Brooklyn
870:High schools, Queens (diocesan and independent)
374:DeMarco v. Holy Cross High School, Paragraph 1
347:DeMarco v. Holy Cross High School, Paragraph 2
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8:
628:Bishops who served as priests in the diocese
442:Complete text of opinion from OpenJurist.org
173:Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967
755:Saint Benedict Joseph Labre Church, Queens
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879:Cathedral Preparatory School and Seminary
760:Saint Cecilia's Catholic Church, Brooklyn
677:Cathedral Basilica of St. James, Brooklyn
216:. The complaint alleged violation of the
64:Learn how and when to remove this message
726:Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal, Queens
894:Monsignor McClancy Memorial High School
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214:Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
717:Church of the Holy Innocents, Brooklyn
107:Guy DeMarco v. Holy Cross High School
990:St. Vincent's Catholic Medical Center
859:Saint Saviour High School of Brooklyn
7:
884:Christ the King Regional High School
834:Bishop Loughlin Memorial High School
775:St. Stanislaus Kostka Church, Queens
740:Queen of All Saints Church, Brooklyn
735:Our Lady of Victory Church, Brooklyn
687:Co-Cathedral of St. Joseph, Brooklyn
218:Age Discrimination in Employment Act
1070:Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn
854:St. Edmund Preparatory High School
702:Basilica of Regina Pacis, Brooklyn
479:Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn
36:tone or style may not reflect the
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969:DeMarco v. Holy Cross High School
168:DeMarco v. Holy Cross High School
79:DeMarco v. Holy Cross High School
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944:St. Joseph High School, Brooklyn
934:Dominican Commercial High School
46:guide to writing better articles
25:
839:Cristo Rey Brooklyn High School
212:A complaint was filed with the
201:Holy Cross High School (Queens)
1060:Ministerial exception case law
1050:1993 in United States case law
899:St. Francis Preparatory School
765:St. Michael's Church, Brooklyn
750:St. Barbara's Church, Brooklyn
1:
980:New Evangelization Television
975:Holy Cross Cemetery, Brooklyn
929:Catherine McAuley High School
904:St. John's Preparatory School
874:Archbishop Molloy High School
849:Nazareth Regional High School
800:St. Blaise's Church, Brooklyn
637:Edward Bernard Scharfenberger
270:If an employee establishes a
251:. The district court granted
770:St. Sebastian Church, Queens
577:Joseph Peter Michael Denning
289:National Labor Relations Act
199:Guy DeMarco was employed by
805:St. Monica's Church, Queens
785:St. Matthias Church, Queens
223:A lawsuit was filed in the
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924:Bishop Kearney High School
562:Ignatius Anthony Catanello
124:4 F.3d 166 (2nd Cir. 1993)
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722:Holy Cross Church, Queens
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587:Charles Richard Mulrooney
582:Raymond Augustine Kearney
567:Raymond Francis Chappetto
527:Nicholas Anthony DiMarzio
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1017:New York City portal
949:Stella Maris High School
730:Our Lady of Mount Carmel
502:Charles Edward McDonnell
780:Transfiguration, Queens
617:Joseph Michael Sullivan
512:Bryan Joseph McEntegart
40:used on Knowledge (XXG)
1029:Catholicism portal
909:The Mary Louis Academy
889:Holy Cross High School
844:Fontbonne Hall Academy
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262:Key points of analysis
44:See Knowledge (XXG)'s
939:St. Agnes High School
649:
557:Frank Joseph Caggiano
231:. The school filed a
985:St. Charles Cemetery
915:High schools, former
864:Xaverian High School
745:St. Adalbert, Queens
632:Vincent DePaul Breen
597:Edmund Joseph Reilly
552:John Joseph Boardman
507:Thomas Edmund Molloy
245:establishment clause
189:Establishment Clause
185:Free Exercise Clause
142:Joseph M. McLaughlin
602:Paul Robert Sanchez
138:John M. Walker, Jr.
16:American legal case
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622:René Arnold Valero
547:Anthony Bevilacqua
229:age discrimination
208:Procedural history
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532:Robert J. Brennan
522:Thomas Vose Daily
311:Other information
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958:Miscellany
493:Ordinaries
335:References
814:Education
693:Basilicas
673:Cathedral
276:case for
177:appellant
158:Unanimous
820:Seminary
708:Parishes
657:Churches
320:See also
187:and the
160:: Walker
121:Citation
487:Bishops
299:Holding
247:of the
113:Decided
233:motion
181:tenure
144:, and
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195:Facts
93:Court
663:List
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