Deacon - Knowledge (XXG)

1648: 2413:(typically for the sake of modesty). Women appear to have been ordained as deacons to serve the larger community until about the 6th century in the West. Liturgies for the ordination of women deacons had similarities with as well as differences from those for male deacons. Opinions on the sacramental nature of the ordination vary: some scholars argue that the ordination of women deacons would have been equally sacramental to that of male deacons, while others say that women deacons of history were not sacramentally ordained in the full sense, as determined in the 1727:(cuffs). The last are worn under the sticharion, not over it as does a priest or bishop. The deacon usually wears a simple orarion which is only draped over the left shoulder but, if elevated to the rank of archdeacon, the deacon wears the "doubled-orarion", meaning it is passed over the left shoulder, under the right arm, and then crossed over the left shoulder (see photograph, right). In modern Greek practice, a deacon wears this doubled orarion from the time of their ordination. Also, in the Greek practice, a deacon wears the clerical 1856:. For deacons, "vows made at ordination involve seeking and helping anyone in bodily or spiritual need, defending the rights of all, standing beside the oppressed, and exhorting God's people to all good works so that the love of God is made visible in the world." An ordained deacon's charism includes "visits, helps, and supports those in bodily or spiritual need; gives Christian nurture and teaching in the faith; is a sign of merciful kindness in the parish and society at large, and in all things serves Christ in the neighbour". 2398: 1813: 1896: 2363:'s deacons serve as etiquette checkers and offering collectors for males during worship services, with deaconesses as their female counterparts. In the Iglesia ni Cristo, deacons and deaconesses are usually required to be married. There are also head deacons (an exclusively male role with no head deaconess counterpart) who lead the congregation in the prayer before the sermon and the prayer for offerings. They can also be promoted to Bishops if they are faithful to the rules. 1884:, deacons are permitted to marry freely before or after ordination, as are Anglican priests. Most deacons are "transitional deacons", that is, preparing for the priesthood and they are usually ordained priests about a year after their diaconal ordination. However, there are some deacons who do not go on to receive priestly ordination, recognising a vocation to remain in the diaconate. A permanent deacon is also known as a "distinctive deacon", or a "vocational deacon". 1983:

ministries of justice and advocacy. Unlike United Methodist elders, deacons must find their own place of service. Nevertheless, the bishop does officially approve and appoint deacons to their selected ministry. Deacons may assist the elder in the administration of Sacraments, but must receive special approval from a bishop before presiding over Baptism and holy communion. United Methodist deacons are present in North America, Europe and Africa.

1543:. Deacons, like priests and bishops, must wear their albs and stoles; deacons place the stole over their left shoulder and it hangs across to their right side, while priests and bishops wear it around their necks. The dalmatic, a vestment especially associated with the deacon, is worn during the celebration of the Mass and other liturgical functions; its use is more liberally applied than the corresponding vestment of the priest, the 440: 1551: 5956: 467: 3502:, 1986 Watch Tower, p. 12, "As in the first century, so today, qualified, mature, and experienced Christian men are designated as elders, or overseers . These supervise the congregation and look after its spiritual needs. They are assisted by other faithful men known as ministerial servants. These men receive no salary or other financial benefit but serve voluntarily, meeting their own expenses" 5945: 2563: 1359: 2004:

number of deaconesses transferred and recruitment for the WDO ceased from 1978. The 1986 Methodist Conference re-opened the order to both men and women and the first ordinations to the renewed order occurred during the 1990 Conference in Cardiff, which coincided with celebrations of 100 years of diaconal service in British Methodism; deaconesses had previously been ordained at their annual

1617: 2032:. The best-known form of diaconate are trained and paid pastoral workers. The permanent diaconate was formerly exclusively female, and it was in 1988, the centenary year of the diaconate, that men were admitted to the office of deacon. The offices of deacon and minister are now both open to both women and men; deacons are now ordained (they were previously "commissioned"). 2246:(Quakers) are called overseers. This is not an ordained role but rather a temporary ministry that is discerned every three years. They are responsible for coordinating pastoral care within a community while elders (the equivalent of the Biblical presbyterate) take care of the spiritual concerns of the meeting. Other names include "pastoral care" or "care and counsel". 3489:, September 1978, p. 1, "The Bible sets high standards for a ministerial servant. (1 Tim. 3:8–10, 12) Brothers recommended should clearly be meeting these. Becoming a ministerial servant is no routine thing; it is not as if almost every adult, baptized male should have the position as a sort of titleholder. Ministerial servants should be exemplary, spiritual men." 2039:, with a "Deacons' Court" having responsibility for financial and administrative oversight of congregations. Only a few congregations still retain this constitutional model, with most having since adopted the Church of Scotland's "Model Constitution" (with a Kirk Session and Congregational Board) or "Unitary Congregation" (with just a Kirk Session). Most of the 1865: 1456:, reviving the practice of ordaining to the diaconate men who were not candidates for priestly ordination. These men are known as "permanent deacons", in contrast to those continuing their formation, who were then called "transitional deacons". There is no sacramental or canonical difference between the two, however, as there is only one order of deacons. 2222:

several generations in the same church. They are elected by quorum vote annually. Their roles are semi-pastoral in that they fill in for the pastor on occasion, or support the pastor vocally during his sermon. They may also lead a special prayer service, generally known as "The deacon's Prayer". Their other roles are to accompany the pastor during

2708: 1516: 1547:. At certain major celebrations, such as ordinations, the diocesan bishop wears a dalmatic under his chasuble, now taken to signify that he enjoys the fullness of the three degrees of holy orders—deacon, priest, and bishop, but owing its origin, like the sakkos of Byzantine-rite bishops, to the court dress of the eastern Roman Empire. 2194:, giving each church the ability to discern for themselves the interpretation of scripture. Thus, Baptist churches hold a wide variety of views on the qualifications and activities of deacons: some Baptist churches have the deacons decide many of the church affairs, while others have deacons in serving roles only. 2205:

churches) is that a deacon must be a male, and married (or a widower) and not divorced previously. If a deacon subsequently divorces, he must relinquish his office (but if his wife dies he may continue to serve). However, there are Baptist churches where women are allowed to be deacons or deaconesses

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The tradition of kissing the hands of ordained clergy extends to the diaconate as well. This practice is rooted in the holy eucharist and is in acknowledgement and respect of the eucharistic role members of the clergy play in preparing, handling and disbursing the sacrament during the Divine Liturgy,

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They may be assigned to work in a parish by the diocesan bishop, where they are under the supervision of the parish priests, or in diocesan ministries. Unlike most clerics, permanent deacons who also have a secular profession have no right to receive a salary for their ministry, but many dioceses opt

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The title "woman deacon" or "deaconess" appears in many documents from the early church period, particularly in the East. Their duties were often different from that of male deacons; women deacons prepared adult women for baptism and they had a general apostolate to female Christians and catechumens

3452:, June 15, 1962, pp. 383−84, "The religious words or titles 'bishop' and 'deacon' are simply words that have been more or less closely transliterated into the English language; that is, they are carried over much like the way they appear in the Greek instead of being translated. These two words are 2137:

has recognised deacons since union, but it was not until the 6th Assembly in 1991 that the Uniting Church began ordaining deacons. This was partly because the historical, theological and sociological roles of deaconesses and deacons was being widely discussed in Churches throughout the world at the

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Some examples of service that deacons may take include: prison chaplaincy, acting as youth or community workers, in community service agencies, in schools and hospitals, or in mission placements in Australia or overseas. Although the primary responsibility for worship in congregations lies with the

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In many Dutch Reformed churches deacons are charged with ministries of mercy. As such, the deacons are also members of the local church council. A special feature of the Dutch Reformed churches is the fact that the diaconate of each local church is its own legal entity with its own financial means,

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in 1890, following observation of new ministries in urban areas in the previous years. The order continued as the Wesley Deaconess Order following Methodist Union in 1932, but, following the admission of women to "The Ministry" (as presbyteral ministry is commonly termed in the Methodist Church), a

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ordain both women and men as deacons. Many of those provinces that ordain women to the priesthood previously allowed them to be ordained only to the diaconate. The effect of this was the creation of a large and overwhelmingly female diaconate for a time, as most men proceeded to be ordained priests

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The role of the deacon varies, depending on the local congregation. Generally a deacon will have responsibility for a specific non-spiritual function (e.g. finance, building and grounds, benevolence); however, the deacons (like the rest of the congregation) are under the subjection of the elders,

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Deacons in the Uniting Church are called to minister to those on the fringes of the church and be involved in ministry in the community. Deacons offer leadership in a ministry of service to the world. The primary focus of the ministry of deacons is on care and compassion for the poor and oppressed

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conference. If a married deacon is widowed, he must maintain the celibate state. Under some very rare circumstances, however, deacons who have been widowed can receive permission to remarry. This is most commonly done when the deacon is left as a single father. In some cases, a widowed deacon will

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male and female deacons serve as one board. Other churches may have two separate boards of deacons and deaconesses. Most often the deacon or deacon candidate is a long-standing member of the church, being middle aged, but younger deacons may be selected from among members of a family that has had

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Deacons are also appointed or elected in other denominations, though this is less commonly seen as a step towards the clerical ministry. The role of deacon in these denominations varies greatly from denomination to denomination; often, there will be more emphasis on administrative duties than on

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and may witness at the sacrament of holy matrimony outside of Mass. Deacons may lead funeral rites outside Mass such as the final commendation at the gravesite or the reception of the body at a service in the funeral home, and may assist the priest at the requiem Mass. They can also preside over

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is both an order of ministry and a religious order within the Methodist Church in Britain. It was formed in 1989 as a successor to the Wesley Deaconess Order and is open to both women and men. Diaconal ministry is one of two ordained ministries within the Methodist Church. The original Wesleyan

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ended the transitional deacon and established a new Order of Deacons to be equal in status with the Order of Elders. Both men and women may be ordained as deacons. Deacons serve in a variety of specialized ministries including, but not limited to, Christian education, music, communications and

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The diaconate is conferred on seminarians continuing to the priesthood no sooner than 23 years of age (canon 1031 of the Code of Canon Law). As a permanent state, the diaconate can be conferred on single men 25 or older, and on married men 35 or older, but an older age can be required by the

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is still ordaining religious sisters as deaconesses; its last monastic deaconess was Sister Hripsime Sasounian (died in 2007) and on 25 September 2017, Ani-Kristi Manvelian, a twenty-four-year-old woman, was ordained in Tehran's St. Sarkis Mother Church as the first lay deaconess after many

1416:, then ordination to the minor orders of lector, porter, exorcist, acolyte before ordination to the major orders of sub-deacon and deacon, all stages on the path to priesthood. Only men destined for priesthood were permitted to be ordained deacons. As seminaries developed, following the 3464:. ... However, at an early time the apostate church made titles out of these designations and applied them to men who held positions ...known as 'bishops' and 'deacons'. ... New World Translation as well as certain others, such as An American Translation, do not render 29: 1808:

is similar, but is among the monastic clergy. Protodeacons and archdeacons use a double-length orarion even if it is not the local tradition for all deacons to use it. In the Slavic tradition a deacon may be awarded the doubled-orarion even if not a protodeacon or archdeacon.

1774:(Slavonic: podriasnik), the inner cassock worn by all orders of clergy. In the Slavic practice, married clergy may wear any of a number of colours, but most often grey, while monastic clergy always wear black. In certain jurisdictions in North America and Western Europe, a 2226:

by handing out the remembrances of bread and wine (or grape juice) and to set a good example for others to follow. Their administrative duties sometimes include oversight of the treasury, Sunday school curriculum, transportation, and various outreach ministries.

2291:, the deacon ministry is a local ministry. A deacon mostly works in his home congregation to support the priests. If a priest is unavailable, a deacon will hold a divine service, without the act of communion. (Only priests and up can consecrate holy communion.) 1919:(but can lead worship with the distribution of already-consecrated communion elements where this is permitted), nor can they pronounce God's absolution of sin or pronounce the Trinitarian blessing. In most cases, deacons minister alongside other clergy. 1459:

The period of formation to the permanent diaconate varies from diocese to diocese as determined by the local ordinary, but it usually entails a period of prayerful preparation and several years of study. Diaconal candidates receive instruction in

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In congregations which lack qualified elders (where, in their absence, the men of the congregation handle leadership duties), often there also are no deacons, as they are usually appointed by the elders of the church.

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it was largely used in cathedrals and as a temporary step along the path toward priestly ordination. In the 20th century, the diaconate was restored as a vocational order in many Western churches, most notably in the

1593:", although it is not uncommon to see "Rev. Mr." sometimes used. "Rev. Mr.", however, is more often used to indicate a transitional deacon (i.e., preparing for ordination to the priesthood) or one who belongs to a 2119:

and in seeking social justice for all people. They take both an active role in leadership in such actions themselves, but are also play a key role in encouraging other Uniting Church members in similar action.

4632: 4469: 1319: 1704:(in danger of death), conditions under which anyone, including the laity, may baptize. When assisting at a normal baptism, it is often the deacon who goes down into the water with the one being baptized ( 3076: 1512:, and they may give certain blessings. While in ancient history their tasks and competencies varied, today deacons cannot hear confession and give absolution, anoint the sick, or celebrate Mass. 3710: 1389: 1994:

that deacons have an equal, but distinct ministry from presbyters. Deacons are called to a ministry of service and witness, and "to hold before them the needs and concerns of the world". The

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The Catholic Church presently does not recognise the validity of female ordinations, be it to the diaconate or any other clerical order. In August 2016, the Catholic Church established a

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According to the practice of the Greek Orthodox Church of America, in keeping with the tradition of the Ecumenical Patriarchate, the most common way to address a deacon is "Father".

1420:, to contemporary times, the only men ordained as deacons were seminarians who were completing the last year or so of graduate theological training, so-called "transitional deacons". 1601:

as street attire is left to the discretion of each bishop for his own diocese. Where clerical garb is approved by the bishop, the deacon can choose to wear or not wear the "collar".

1597:, while Rev. Deacon is used as the honorific for permanent deacons in many dioceses (e.g., Rev. Deacon John Smith, or Deacon John Smith). The decision as to whether deacons wear the 4254: 2379:, claiming it preferable to translate the descriptive Greek term used in the Bible rather than merely transliterate it as though it were a title. Appointed ministerial servants aid 1436: 2172:

also have deacons, as do other Brethren denominations. They are elected by the congregation to serve in ministries of compassion. They are elected for life in some congregations.

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Ministers of the Word, deacons have a liturgical role appropriate to their distinctive ministry, including ministries where their main leadership is within a congregation.

2376: 1712:, deacons in the Eastern Churches may not preside at the celebration of marriages, as in Eastern theology the sacrament is conferred by the nuptial blessing of a priest. 6010: 5124: 3910: 1314: 415:. Deacons assist priests in their pastoral and administrative duties, but often report directly to the bishops of their diocese. They have a distinctive role in the 5445: 3378: 2311: 2207: 1382: 91: 3766: 5837: 5624: 4627: 3964: 1582:"Father" as a priest would be, but as "Deacon", abbreviated variously as "Dn." or "Dcn." This preferred method of address is stated in the 2005 document of the 6030: 4507: 3022: 2421: 1583: 230: 3072: 2450:. In 2024 the Patriarchate ordained its first female deacon, Angelic Molen, in Zimbabwe, making her the first female deacon in the Eastern Orthodox Church. 5176: 4919: 4457: 4861: 5832: 4764: 2904: 1375: 483: 3304: 3718: 6000: 5659: 4577: 2547: 2439: 6015: 5985: 4172: 3333: 2040: 2036: 6005: 5744: 4838: 479: 448: 3651:, Ostfildern 1997, pp. 33–52; here p. 49); D. Ansorge, "Der Diakonat der Frau. Zum gegenwärtigen Forschungsstand" in T.Berger/A.Gerhards (ed.), 4072: 4067: 2218: 2044: 3741: 5776: 5724: 4356: 3805: 3146: 2792: 5714: 5450: 3968: 3903: 3210: 2837: 2055: 1963: 1509: 1141: 4239: 2258:

doctrine and practice, only males may serve as deacons (deaconesses are not recognized), and must meet Biblical qualifications (generally

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as titles but according to the meaning of the words, as 'overseers' or 'superintendents' and as 'assistants' or 'ministerial servants'."

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3:8–13 is the Biblical text used to determine if a male is qualified to serve as deacon). A deacon may also be qualified to serve as an

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pastoral or liturgical duties. In some denominations, deacons' duties are only financial management and practical aid and relief.

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of the Scandinavian tradition, there is a threefold ministry of "bishops, priests, and deacons". Until the 1960s, deacons in the

1118: 907: 456: 3571: 3030: 2962: 1700: 5919: 5261: 5236: 5201: 5196: 5161: 5041: 4640: 4524: 4114: 4077: 3960: 3940: 3896: 3544: 2935: 1802:, "first deacon") is a distinction of honor awarded to senior deacons, usually serving on the staff of the diocesan bishop. An 1123: 211: 3517: 2206:(primarily in the United Kingdom and in the United States among African-American and theologically moderate churches). In the 6025: 5995: 5857: 5569: 5256: 5226: 5206: 5146: 4936: 4652: 4190: 4182: 4094: 3955: 3935: 2079: 2048: 624: 614: 1647: 5231: 5221: 4547: 4418: 4316: 4013: 2743: 1171: 587: 3385: 3359: 2625: 5812: 5783: 5766: 5674: 5286: 5251: 5241: 4819: 4800: 4662: 4413: 4326: 3606: 2243: 2083: 3647:

50 (1996) 140–58; esp. 152–54); A. Jensen, "Das Amt der Diakonin in der kirchlichen Tradition der ersten Jahrtausend" (

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It is generally assumed that the office of deacon originated in the selection of seven men by the apostles, among them

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This is the earliest Latin text that appears to refer to female deacons as a distinct category of Christian minister.

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Beginning around the fifth century, there was a gradual decline in the diaconate as a permanent state of life in the

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over their left shoulder and fastened on the right side of their waist. This is worn both over the surplice and the

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The predominant view among Baptist churches (especially theologically conservative ones, including the majority of

1735:(monastic deacon) wears the simple black kamilavka of a monk (without the rim), but removes the monastic veil (see 858: 505: 308: 2266:(and, in fact, may move into that role after a period of time if his service as deacon is considered acceptable). 1746:

As far as street clothing is concerned, immediately following ordination a deacon receives a blessing to wear the

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The proper address in written correspondence for all deacons of the Latin Church in the United States is "Deacon

1579: 1196: 3097:"National Directory for the Formation, Ministry and Life of Permanent Deacons in the United States", 2005, p. 36 5959: 5895: 5817: 5788: 5408: 5403: 5281: 5181: 5166: 5151: 4993: 4814: 4704: 4622: 4446: 4423: 4374: 4047: 3631:(Collegeville 1976, p. 120); C.Vagaggini "L'Ordinazione delle diaconesse nella tradizione greca e bizantina", ( 2000: 1995: 1761: 735: 537: 336: 296: 71: 2397: 3308: 5880: 5512: 5473: 5440: 4886: 4866: 4734: 4612: 4562: 4341: 4142: 4082: 3845:(William R. Baker, ed. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2002) for essays on Church of Christ ecclesiology. 1979: 1705: 1499:, and distributing Communion. They may also preach the homily. As clerics, deacons are required to pray the 1113: 372: 314: 266: 99: 75: 20: 5949: 5890: 5885: 5519: 5325: 5246: 5171: 5051: 4729: 4617: 4557: 4234: 4122: 2807: 2372: 2334: 2169: 1954:. Church of England deacons are supported through the CofE Network of Distinctive Deacons (CENDD). Bishop 1915:, usually under the instruction of their parish priest and bishop. Deacons are not able to preside at the 1881: 1812: 1739:) when vested; a married deacon would not wear a kamilavka unless it is given to them by the bishop as an 1624: 1424: 1363: 1103: 814: 532: 3337: 196:. Nothing more specific is said about her duties or authority, although it is assumed she carried Paul's 5654: 5481: 4906: 4687: 4552: 4398: 4104: 4042: 4001: 3986: 2719: 2070:'s legacies was to restore the diaconate as a servant ministry. Individual congregations of the various 1709: 1586:, "National Directory for the Formation, Ministry and Life of Permanent Deacons in the United States". 1519:

Ornately embroidered dalmatic, the proper vestment of the deacon (shown from the back with an appareled

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churches that is generally associated with service of some kind, but which varies among theological and

4137: 3785: 1743:; the honorary kamilavka is purple in colour, and may be awarded to either married or monastic clergy. 2533:, who was a cabinet-maker and president of the Incorporation of Wrights and Masons as well as being a 1895: 5058: 5027: 4924: 4805: 4719: 4599: 4502: 4219: 4214: 4087: 4018: 3996: 3190: 2768: 2383:

in congregational duties. Like the elders, they are adult baptized males and serve without a salary.

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to study the history of female deacons and to study the possibility of ordaining women as deacons.

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Prominent historical figures who played major roles as deacons and went on to higher office include

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3. Some Baptist churches in the Reformed tradition recognize elder and pastor as separate offices.

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traditionally recognize two ordained positions in the church: elders (pastors) and deacons, as per

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Details about the permanent diaconate in the United States are outlined in a 2005 document of the

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173 (1993) 226–36; here pp. 233–34); P. Hofrichter, "Diakonat und Frauen im kirchlichen Amt" (

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National Directory for the Formation, Ministry and Life of Permanent Deacons in the United States

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for a more detailed treatment of deacons in churches in other associations, particularly the UK.

2029: 1888: 1691: 1036: 912: 844: 669: 525: 388: 368: 2115:, the diaconate is one of two offices of ordained ministry. The other is Minister of the Word. 258:

A biblical description of the qualities required of a deacon can be found in 1 Timothy 3:1–13.

5827: 5063: 4388: 4268: 4035: 3991: 3836: 3711:"Francis institutes commission to study female deacons, appointing gender-balanced membership" 3693: 3270: 3269:. General Board of Higher Education and Ministry – The United Methodist Church. Archived from 3142: 2788: 2695: 2669: 2402: 2358: 2191: 1975: 1853: 1825: 1604:

Deacons, like seminarians, religious, and the two other orders, bishops and priests, pray the

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Holy Saturday. An Argument for the Restoration of the Female Diaconate in the Catholic Church

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40 (1974) 145–89; here p. 188); P. Hünermann, "Conclusions regarding the Female Diaconate" (

3138: 2988:"USCCB Diaconate FAQ – Section 5 'Is a Deacon ordained for the Parish or the Diocese?'" 2883: 2503: 2198: 1943: 1939: 1873: 1849: 1817: 1695: 1536: 1417: 1336: 900: 712: 659: 654: 644: 639: 634: 562: 290: 40: 28: 5924: 5807: 5664: 5629: 5435: 5430: 5355: 5350: 5291: 5216: 4966: 4896: 4428: 4369: 3919: 2581: 2414: 1900: 1845: 1651: 1598: 1550: 629: 547: 364: 113: 67: 3194: 2912: 2015:

ordains deacons who constitute a diaconal order, similar to that in the British church.

439: 5842: 5771: 5619: 5554: 5340: 5330: 5316: 5301: 4981: 4876: 4760: 4739: 4273: 4152: 4127: 4099: 4030: 3655:, St. Odilien 1990, 31–65; here pp. 46–47; Chr. Böttigheimer, "Der Diakonat der Frau" ( 3223: 2879: 2530: 2134: 1675: 1620: 1492: 1477: 1276: 1256: 1251: 991: 964: 829: 649: 515: 510: 302: 177: 60: 3041: 2310:

The office of deacon is generally open to all 12- and 13-year-old male members of the

5974: 5734: 5694: 5579: 5501: 5486: 5335: 5296: 5102: 4986: 4783: 4452: 4167: 3767:"Breaking with tradition, Greek Orthodox Church ordains first woman deacon in Africa" 3575: 2655: 1991: 1955: 1430: 1241: 1166: 1151: 1071: 996: 974: 969: 498: 340: 280: 152: 145: 32: 3540: 3131: 2939: 2210:, deacons can be any adult male member of the congregation who is in good standing. 5709: 5644: 5574: 5564: 5491: 5391: 5360: 5136: 5085: 4853: 4795: 4692: 4463: 4380: 4336: 4331: 4321: 4132: 4059: 3863:

Deacons – St Mary's Malankara Orthodox Syrian Cathedral (Philadelphia, PA, US)

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The other office of deacon can be found in congregations formerly belonging to the

1775: 1481: 1448: 1444: 1403: 1291: 1246: 1146: 954: 868: 863: 851: 542: 56: 1608:; however, deacons are usually only required to pray morning and evening prayer. 5905: 5761: 5634: 5614: 5609: 5604: 5589: 4891: 4826: 4682: 4607: 4585: 4433: 4195: 4157: 2596: 2491: 2067: 2005: 1923: 1869: 1783: 1732: 1694:. In keeping with Eastern tradition, the deacon is not permitted to perform any 1503:. Deacons, like priests and bishops, are ordinary ministers of the sacrament of 1281: 1271: 1266: 1206: 707: 471: 396: 384: 318: 95: 87: 79: 36: 5944: 3874: 1358: 466: 5599: 5594: 5418: 5345: 4961: 4881: 4512: 3742:"Historic Ordination: Tehran Prelacy of the Armenian Church Ordains Deaconess" 3363: 2633: 2591: 2576: 2558: 2427:

The Russian Orthodox Church had a female subdiaconate into the 20th century.

1804: 1724: 1716: 1636: 1616: 1473: 1461: 1331: 1231: 1226: 1176: 1161: 1156: 875: 792: 619: 607: 165: 109: 3598: 3253: 2714: 5704: 5699: 5669: 5365: 5128: 5112: 5097: 4941: 4831: 4709: 4699: 4567: 4346: 3677:

Women Deacons in the Early Church. Historical Texts and Contemporary Debates

3165: 2601: 2586: 2562: 2538: 2443: 2392: 2330:

Assist in service projects or welfare assignments as assigned by the bishop.

2270:

who have spiritual and administrative authority over the deacon's function.

2259: 2223: 2184: 2155:

have deacons; they are elected by a council and receive no formal training.

1916: 1748: 1728: 1640: 1628: 1343: 1286: 1236: 1216: 1091: 1041: 927: 890: 880: 834: 804: 777: 772: 717: 602: 412: 404: 344: 270: 203: 193: 83: 19:

This article is about the office in Christian churches. For other uses, see

3850:

Christ's Victorious Church: Essays on Biblical Ecclesiology and Eschatology

3639:

36 (1975) 325–33; here pp. 327–28); A Thiermeyer, "Der Diakonat der Frau" (

3649:

Diakonat. Ein Amt für Frauen in der Kirche – Ein frauengerechtes Amt?

3413:. Presbyterian Church in America: Administrative Committee. Archived from 2340:

Be involved in missionary and reactivation efforts (see D&C 20:58–59).

1778:

is often worn, although this is not a traditional or widespread practice.

5852: 5679: 4778: 4147: 3806:"Eastern Orthodox Church ordains Zimbabwean woman as its first deaconess" 2991: 2820:"Deacon, Deaconess - Bible Meaning & Definition - Baker's Dictionary" 2477: 2180: 1974:

In Methodism, deacons began as a transitional order before ordination as

1951: 1931: 1731:(cylindrical head covering) with a rim at the top. In Slavic practice, a 1679: 1559: 1555: 1544: 1540: 1528: 1465: 1211: 981: 917: 885: 824: 750: 351: 2126:

In the Uniting Church both ministers of the word and deacons are styled

1899:

Certificate of ordination as a deacon in the Church of England given by

1864: 1443:

necessitated increased vocational opportunity for married men), in 1967

155:, to assist with the charitable work of the early church as recorded in 5649: 4929: 4487: 4361: 4304: 2542: 2485: 2091: 1927: 1912: 1908: 1821: 1720: 1687: 1655: 1632: 1563: 1504: 1413: 1221: 922: 839: 702: 674: 664: 592: 416: 3414: 2343:

Assist teachers in all their duties as needed (see D&C 20:53, 57).

1515: 5802: 5107: 5092: 5036: 3153:

deacons are usually only required to pray Morning and Evening Prayer.

2606: 2463: 1935: 1770: 1753: 1736: 1671: 1663: 1098: 1081: 1066: 1026: 895: 782: 577: 557: 552: 408: 400: 215: 176:), meaning deaconess, is not found in the Bible. However, one woman, 163: 133: 35:, one of the first seven deacons in the Christian Church, holding a 3852:(Jon A. Weatherly, ed. Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2001). 1531:

most particularly associated with the Latin Catholic deacon are the

1412:(sequence of offices) found men entering the clerical state through 2058:

which did not join the UF Church in 1900 continue to have Deacons.

5900: 5068: 5032: 3888: 2534: 2511: 2396: 2152: 1894: 1863: 1811: 1719:(alb, although it has come to resemble the western dalmatic), the 1646: 1615: 1549: 1520: 1514: 1469: 1181: 1051: 1031: 986: 959: 767: 262: 27: 5073: 4792: 2462:(διάκονος) gave rise to the following terms from the history of 2446:; in the following year, it ordained six sub-deaconesses in the 1990:

also has a permanent diaconate—based on an understanding of the

1683: 1575:

seek priestly ordination, especially if his children are grown.

1484:, counseling, and pastoral care and ministry before ordination. 1076: 493: 3892: 3659:

47 (1996) 253–66; here pp. 261–62); K. Karidoyanes Fitzgerald (

2103:

separated from the church itself, and governed by the deacons.

3224:"The Christian Faith: Ch 63 – Ordination – (2) As a Sacrament" 1947: 1836:

and in building and serving the church as the Body of Christ.

1659: 1532: 1086: 148:

word meaning "servant", "waiter", "minister", or "messenger".

3471: 3465: 3459: 3453: 2787:. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 26. 1903:, the Bishop of London, to Gideon Bostwick. February 24, 1770 1797: 1792: 343:. On June 8, 536, a serving Roman deacon was raised to Pope, 171: 139: 3671:(Ostfildern 1999, p. 126); G. Macy, W.T. Ditewig, P. Zagano 2510:

is used for a head-workman, a master or chairman of a trade

2401:

Saint Stephen, detail of the bishops and deacons windows by

3213:, CofE Network of Distinctive Deacons, accessed 31 May 2022 2327:

Care for the grounds and physical facilities of the church.

2051:, which itself united with the Church of Scotland in 1929. 187: 1768:), an outer cassock with wide sleeves, in addition to the 180:, is mentioned at Romans 16:1–2 as a deacon or deaconess ( 3362:. The Methodist Church of Southern Africa. Archived from 2963:"Diocese of Rochester deacons guide potential candidates" 2333:

Watch over the church and act as standing ministers (see

3211:"What is a Distinctive Deacon? Answering some questions" 2630:

The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language

2440:

Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria and all Africa

2314:; all are encouraged to become deacons. Duties include: 2514:, or one who is adept, expert and proficient. The term 3848:

Thatcher, Tom; "The Deacon in the Pauline Church" in

3675:(Mahwah, NJ: Paulist Press 2010); and J. Wijngaards, 3292:

The Book of Discipline of The United Methodist Church

269:

denied deacons the possibility of presiding over the

2874: 2872: 2870: 2868: 2866: 5866: 5723: 5536: 5472: 5382: 5272: 5123: 5012: 4905: 4852: 4777: 4748: 4673: 4598: 4533: 4478: 4397: 4292: 4267: 4181: 4113: 4058: 3977: 3954: 3605:. Vol. IV. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 3498:"Congregations for Building Up in Love and Unity", 1872:priest vested as a deacon with an alb and a purple 181: 3130: 2417:by Canons 1008 and 1009 of the Code of Canon Law. 1686:and people, calls the people to prayer, leads the 245:), what was true—and to find out through torture ( 2242:Deacons in the structure of most meetings of the 427:handle pastoral and other administrative duties. 276:Among the more prominent deacons in history are: 3843:Evangelicalism & the Stone-Campbell Movement 2138:time that the Basis of Union was being drafted 2028:There are two distinct offices of deacon in the 1942:. However, liturgically, deacons usually wear a 283:, the first Christian martyr (the "protomartyr") 2300:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 2208:General Association of Regular Baptist Churches 227: 108:are deacons who are not transitioning into the 92:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 3328: 3326: 2632:(4th ed.). Bartleby. 2000. Archived from 2545:. He is thought to have inspired the story of 1698:(sacraments) on their own, except for Baptism 350:The diaconate has been retained as a separate 299:, who is mentioned in the Letter to the Romans 3904: 2356: 2348: 2217:churches and in churches affiliated with the 1911:and in some dioceses are granted licences to 1383: 229:I believed it was necessary to find out from 8: 3023:United States Conference of Catholic Bishops 2905:"A Short History of the Permanent Diaconate" 1962:is the Distinctive Deacons’ Champion in the 1584:United States Conference of Catholic Bishops 3667:(New York 2000, pp. 98–102); D. Reininger, 1451: 1428: 1407: 246: 240: 234: 5833:International Alliance of Catholic Knights 4774: 4289: 3974: 3911: 3897: 3889: 3663:, Brookline 1998, pp. 120–21); P. Zagano, 3336:. Methodist Diaconal Order. Archived from 3307:. Methodist Diaconal Order. Archived from 3119:The Official Catholic Directory 2013, A-30 1390: 1376: 434: 3740:Tchilingirian, Hratch (16 January 2018). 3629:The Ministry of Women in the Early Church 3168:. Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America. 2548:The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde 2529:The most famous holder of this title was 2422:Study Commission on the Women's Diaconate 1612:Eastern Orthodoxy and Eastern Catholicism 90:, as well as other organisations such as 6011:Eastern Christian ecclesiastical offices 3536:Women Deacons – Are they Possible? 3439:, Uniting Church Press: Melbourne, 1980. 2842:"The Diacinate: Evolution and Prospects" 1690:, and has a role in the dialogue of the 112:, in contrast to those continuing their 3786:"Orthodox Church Ordains Female Deacon" 2617: 478: 455: 2466:, not to be confused with each other: 2219:National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. 2190:Baptists have traditionally practised 2045:United Presbyterian Church of Scotland 1922:An Anglican deacon wears an identical 395:churches, the diaconate is one of the 66:Major Christian churches, such as the 3679:(Herder & Herder, New York 2002). 3669:Diakonat der Frau in der einen Kirche 3485:"Those 'Acquiring a Fine Standing'", 3252:CofE Network of Distinctive Deacons, 3234:from the original on 29 December 2016 3205: 3203: 2665:An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon 1674:and assisting in the distribution of 1423:Following the recommendations of the 419:of the Eastern and Western Churches. 7: 3673:Women Deacons: Past, Present, Future 3661:Women Deacons in the Orthodox Church 3079:from the original on 27 October 2014 2838:International Theological Commission 2778: 2776: 2541:but at night led a double life as a 1880:In Anglican churches, including the 1639:. On his head he wears the clerical 1510:Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament 6031:Major orders in the Catholic Church 2723:. New York: Robert Appleton Company 2013:Methodist Church of Southern Africa 3657:Münchener Theologische Zeitschrift 3052:from the original on 6 August 2011 2785:Ordained Women in the Early Church 730:Administrative and pastoral titles 206:are mentioned by the Roman author 14: 3547:from the original on 21 June 2008 3172:from the original on 2 April 2009 2086:, also elect deacons, along with 2056:post-1900 Free Church of Scotland 1988:Methodist Church of Great Britain 6001:Local Christian church officials 5955: 5954: 5943: 5911:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul 5459:Criticism of the Catholic Church 3857:Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church 3832:Introducing the Church of Christ 3690:Deaconesses: An Historical Study 3609:from the original on 26 May 2007 3567:Deaconesses in Late Antique Gaul 3437:Commentary on the Basis of Union 3267:"Deacons and Diaconal Ministers" 3137:. Gracewing Publishing. p. 2717:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). 2706: 2561: 2324:Serve as the bishop's messenger. 2037:pre-1900 Free Church of Scotland 1892:after a short time as a deacon. 1357: 1021:Consecrated and professed titles 465: 438: 331:, a prominent early hymnographer 6016:Anglican ecclesiastical offices 5986:Christian religious occupations 4078:First seven ecumenical councils 3784:Barillas, Martin (9 May 2024). 3717:. 2 August 2016. Archived from 3633:Orientalia Christiana Periodica 2936:"A few additional observations" 2490:, in addition to "deacon" and " 2438:In 2016, the Holy Synod of the 1999:Deaconess Order was founded by 1670:In addition to proclaiming the 1435:29) and the instigation of the 132:is derived from the Greek word 6006:Catholic ecclesiastical titles 4653:Separation of church and state 3883:Lutheran Deaconess Association 3876:Concordia Deaconess Conference 3110:, bulletin, May 3, 2015, p. 1. 2080:Presbyterian Church in America 2049:United Free Church of Scotland 2043:congregations united with the 387:, Anglican, Eastern Orthodox, 1: 3108:Church of Our Lady of Sorrows 3071:Pope Paul VI (18 June 1967). 1950:. A deacon might also wear a 1172:Captain General of the Church 588:Assistant to the papal throne 219: 3472: 3466: 3460: 3454: 3411:"Book of Church Order (BCO)" 2448:Democratic Republic of Congo 2244:Religious Society of Friends 2084:Orthodox Presbyterian Church 1798: 293:is recounted in Acts 8:26–40 188: 164: 134: 94:, view the diaconate as an 16:Office in Christian churches 3835:. Star Bible Publications, 3073:"Sacrum Diaconatus Ordinem" 2961:Latona, Mike (2 May 2022). 2668:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 2522:or the trade guild under a 2113:Uniting Church in Australia 2107:Uniting Church in Australia 2074:denominations, such as the 1978:(presbyters). In 1996, the 1715:Diaconal vestments are the 1488:to remunerate them anyway. 1320:Order of the Holy Sepulchre 317:, founder of the mendicant 273:even in exceptional cases. 239:) who were called deacons ( 6052: 5991:Religious leadership roles 5950:Catholic Church portal 3791:National Catholic Register 3641:Theologisch Quartalschrift 3597:Thurston, Herbert (1908). 3513:The Tasks of Women Deacons 3448:"Questions From Readers", 2713:Thurston, Herbert (1913). 2518:refers to the office of a 2390: 2306:Deacon (Latter Day Saints) 2303: 1793: 1723:(deacon's stole), and the 1364:Catholic Church portal 182: 172: 140: 72:Oriental Orthodox Churches 18: 5938: 5876:Aid to the Church in Need 5497:Vatican Television Center 5142:Eastern Catholic Churches 3926: 3603:The Catholic Encyclopedia 3534:and Duane L.C.M. Galles, 2880:"Ministry and Ministries" 2432:Armenian Apostolic Church 2366: 2357: 2349: 2213:In some African American 2076:Presbyterian Church (USA) 2054:The congregations of the 1508:various services such as 1453:Sacrum Diaconatus Ordinem 1197:Gonfalonier of the Church 379:By Christian denomination 5818:Communion and Liberation 5282:Eastern Catholic liturgy 4447:Mystici Corporis Christi 4375:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate 3688:Aimé Georges Martimort, 3653:Liturgie und Frauenfrage 3377:Apple, David S. (2005). 3305:"Deacons and Presbyters" 3191:The Diocese of Sheffield 3166:"Etiquette and Protocol" 3129:Hall, Christine (1992). 2001:Thomas Bowman Stephenson 1996:Methodist Diaconal Order 538:Chaplain of His Holiness 337:Athanasius of Alexandria 4633:Philosophy of canon law 4563:Mariology of the saints 4143:Investiture Controversy 3692:(Ignatius Press, 1986, 3379:"The Role of the Deaco" 3106:"Deacon Trinidad Soc", 2783:Madigan, Kevin (2011). 2442:voted to reinstate the 2295:Restorationist Churches 2098:Dutch Reformed churches 1980:United Methodist Church 1926:to an Anglican priest: 1476:, sacramental studies, 1406:. The development of a 373:United Methodist Church 305:, an early Roman martyr 289:, whose baptism of the 267:First Council of Nicaea 144:), which is a standard 116:, who were then called 76:Eastern Orthodox Church 21:Deacon (disambiguation) 5886:Catholic Charities USA 5520:Acta Apostolicae Sedis 5508:Vatican Polyglot Press 4558:Mariology of the popes 4196:Protestant Reformation 3771:La croix international 3360:"The Order of Deacons" 3256:, accessed 30 May 2022 3197:, accessed 31 May 2022 2409: 2318:Gather fast offerings. 2170:Church of the Brethren 2164:Church of the Brethren 1904: 1887:Many provinces of the 1882:Free Church of England 1877: 1876:over his left shoulder 1829: 1708:). In contrast to the 1667: 1644: 1625:Church of the Nativity 1566: 1524: 1452: 1429: 1425:Second Vatican Council 1408: 815:Diocesan administrator 533:Moderator of the curia 411:), and, historically, 311:, protomartyr of Spain 253: 247: 241: 235: 124:Origin and development 44: 39:in a 1601 painting by 6026:Ecclesiastical titles 5996:Christian terminology 5640:Good Shepherd Sisters 5482:Holy See Press Office 4720:Doctors of the Church 4553:Immaculate Conception 4508:Anointing of the Sick 4043:History of the papacy 3810:The Christian Century 3541:"Duane L.C.M. Galles" 3195:"Distinctive Deacons" 3133:The Deacon's Ministry 2909:Archdiocese of Newark 2720:Catholic Encyclopedia 2656:Liddell, Henry George 2407:cathedral of Fribourg 2400: 2062:Presbyterian churches 2047:in 1900 creating the 1907:Anglican deacons may 1898: 1867: 1815: 1710:Roman Catholic Church 1650: 1619: 1553: 1518: 1497:General Intercessions 950:Protonotary apostolic 480:Ecclesiastical titles 385:Scandinavian Lutheran 339:, Thomas Becket, and 214:to the Roman emperor 31: 5513:L'Osservatore Romano 5451:Role in civilisation 5177:Croatian and Serbian 4925:Episcopal conference 4887:St. Peter's Basilica 4245:Sexual abuse scandal 4201:Catholic Reformation 3487:Our Kingdom Ministry 3366:on 23 February 2017. 3334:"History of the MDO" 2377:ministerial servants 2289:New Apostolic Church 2283:New Apostolic Church 2232:Baptist Distinctives 2159:Schwarzenau Brethren 1852:were required to be 1789:Ecclesiastical Greek 1741:ecclesiastical award 1606:Liturgy of the Hours 1501:Liturgy of the Hours 1187:Commissary Apostolic 820:Ecclesiastical judge 800:Defender of the bond 360:Western Christianity 356:Eastern Christianity 329:Romanos the Melodist 309:Vincent of Saragossa 198:Letter to the Romans 157:Acts of the Apostles 118:transitional deacons 5848:Neocatechumenal Way 5813:Charismatic Renewal 5527:Annuario Pontificio 5125:Particular churches 4801:Ecumenical councils 4573:Perpetual virginity 4408:Communitas perfecta 4352:Sermon on the Mount 3746:The Armenian Weekly 3637:Theological Studies 3578:on 25 November 2011 3572:"Untitled Document" 3524:on 25 November 2011 3518:"Untitled Document" 3311:on 27 December 2013 3273:on 23 February 2017 3254:"About the Network" 2994:on 24 February 2008 2934:Wilson, Charles M. 2915:on 26 December 2014 2569:Christianity portal 2375:are referred to as 2373:Jehovah's Witnesses 2367:Jehovah's Witnesses 2321:Pass the sacrament. 2254:In accordance with 2203:Independent Baptist 2142:Anabaptist Churches 1913:solemnize matrimony 1662:, a censer and the 1595:religious institute 1558:deacon wearing his 1315:Knights Hospitaller 1304:Organization titles 1109:Provincial superior 682:Territorial prelate 484:order of precedence 192:) of the church in 51:is a member of the 6036:Church of Scotland 5685:Premonstratensians 4068:Ante-Nicene period 3946:Lists of Catholics 3340:on 12 October 2016 2750:on 21 October 2007 2636:on 25 January 2009 2410: 2278:Irvingian churches 2215:Missionary Baptist 2030:Church of Scotland 2024:Church of Scotland 1970:Methodist churches 1905: 1889:Anglican Communion 1878: 1830: 1820:deacon leading an 1668: 1645: 1567: 1525: 1037:Consecrated virgin 558:Apostolic delegate 399:—the others being 369:Anglican Communion 236:ex duabus ancillis 45: 5968: 5967: 5378: 5377: 4771: 4594: 4593: 4286: 4263: 4262: 4255:COVID-19 pandemic 4225:French Revolution 4215:Thirty Years' War 4123:Islamic conquests 4036:Apostolic fathers 3971: 3837:Fort Worth, Texas 3511:John Wijngaards, 3435:McCaughey, J. D. 3417:on 7 October 2017 3294:, 2008, para. 328 3228:www.katapi.org.uk 3148:978-0-85244-182-4 2824:Bible Study Tools 2794:978-0-8018-7932-6 2359:Iglesia ni Cristo 2350:Iglesia ni Cristo 2192:congregationalism 2019:Reformed churches 1846:Lutheran Churches 1826:Andrei Ryabushkin 1441:African Americans 1439:(whose work with 1400: 1399: 1136:Additional titles 1072:Master of novices 761:Military ordinary 756:Military chaplain 697:Liturgical titles 687:Territorial abbot 583:Apostolic prefect 568:Apostolic visitor 431:Latin Catholicism 389:Oriental Orthodox 383:In the Catholic, 324:Ephrem the Syrian 315:Francis of Assisi 231:two female slaves 208:Pliny the Younger 106:Permanent deacons 6043: 5958: 5957: 5948: 5947: 5690:Redemptoristines 5538:Religious orders 5464:Anti-Catholicism 5414:Church buildings 5274:Catholic liturgy 5014:Consecrated life 4872:Apostolic Palace 4839:Synod of Bishops 4775: 4751: 4357:Ten Commandments 4290: 4272: 4173:Age of Discovery 4007:Great Commission 3975: 3959: 3913: 3906: 3899: 3890: 3825:Church of Christ 3814: 3813: 3802: 3796: 3795: 3781: 3775: 3774: 3763: 3757: 3756: 3754: 3752: 3737: 3731: 3730: 3728: 3726: 3707: 3701: 3686: 3680: 3625: 3619: 3618: 3616: 3614: 3594: 3588: 3587: 3585: 3583: 3574:. Archived from 3565:Matthew Smythe, 3563: 3557: 3556: 3554: 3552: 3533: 3531: 3529: 3520:. Archived from 3509: 3503: 3500:Doing God's Will 3496: 3490: 3483: 3477: 3475: 3469: 3463: 3457: 3446: 3440: 3433: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3422: 3407: 3401: 3400: 3398: 3396: 3391:on 13 April 2014 3390: 3384:. Archived from 3383: 3374: 3368: 3367: 3356: 3350: 3349: 3347: 3345: 3330: 3321: 3320: 3318: 3316: 3301: 3295: 3289: 3283: 3282: 3280: 3278: 3263: 3257: 3250: 3244: 3243: 3241: 3239: 3220: 3214: 3207: 3198: 3188: 3182: 3181: 3179: 3177: 3162: 3156: 3155: 3136: 3126: 3120: 3117: 3111: 3104: 3098: 3095: 3089: 3088: 3086: 3084: 3068: 3062: 3061: 3059: 3057: 3042:"Divine Worship" 3038: 3032: 3019: 3013: 3010: 3004: 3003: 3001: 2999: 2990:. Archived from 2984: 2978: 2977: 2975: 2973: 2967:Catholic Courier 2958: 2952: 2951: 2949: 2947: 2938:. Archived from 2931: 2925: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2911:. 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5942: 5934: 5913: 5896:Relief Services 5862: 5808:Catholic Action 5798:Military orders 5735:Confraternities 5727:of the faithful 5726: 5719: 5541: 5532: 5468: 5374: 5268: 5127: 5119: 5052:Prior, Prioress 5008: 4901: 4897:Vatican Museums 4848: 4781: 4767: 4763: 4759: 4755: 4750: 4744: 4669: 4623:Social teaching 4590: 4529: 4474: 4429:One true church 4393: 4370:Sixtine Vulgate 4366:Official Bible 4280: 4276: 4271: 4259: 4177: 4109: 4054: 4024:Petrine primacy 3967: 3963: 3958: 3950: 3922: 3920:Catholic Church 3917: 3871: 3869:Lutheran Church 3859: 3827: 3822: 3817: 3804: 3803: 3799: 3783: 3782: 3778: 3765: 3764: 3760: 3750: 3748: 3739: 3738: 3734: 3724: 3722: 3721:on 7 April 2018 3709: 3708: 3704: 3687: 3683: 3645:Heiliger Dienst 3626: 3622: 3612: 3610: 3596: 3595: 3591: 3581: 3579: 3570: 3564: 3560: 3550: 3548: 3539: 3527: 3525: 3516: 3510: 3506: 3497: 3493: 3484: 3480: 3447: 3443: 3434: 3430: 3420: 3418: 3409: 3408: 3404: 3394: 3392: 3388: 3381: 3376: 3375: 3371: 3358: 3357: 3353: 3343: 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1901:Richard Terrick 1862: 1842: 1652:Syrian Orthodox 1614: 1468:, study of the 1396: 1356: 1349: 1348: 1305: 1297: 1296: 1137: 1129: 1128: 1022: 1014: 1013: 731: 723: 722: 698: 630:Diocesan bishop 625:Bishop emeritus 573:Vicar apostolic 548:Papal majordomo 474: 459:Catholic Church 458: 433: 381: 365:Catholic Church 265:in 314 and the 222: 162:The Greek word 126: 68:Catholic Church 55:, an office in 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6049: 6047: 6039: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6018: 6013: 6008: 6003: 5998: 5993: 5988: 5983: 5973: 5972: 5966: 5965: 5963: 5962: 5952: 5939: 5936: 5935: 5933: 5932: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5914: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5888: 5883: 5878: 5872: 5870: 5864: 5863: 5861: 5860: 5855: 5850: 5845: 5843:Legion of Mary 5840: 5835: 5830: 5825: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5805: 5800: 5795: 5794: 5793: 5792: 5791: 5781: 5780: 5779: 5772:Lay Carmelites 5769: 5759: 5758: 5757: 5752: 5747: 5742: 5731: 5729: 5721: 5720: 5718: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5620:Conceptionists 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5555:Assumptionists 5551: 5549: 5534: 5533: 5531: 5530: 5523: 5516: 5509: 5506: 5505: 5504: 5499: 5494: 5484: 5478: 5476: 5470: 5469: 5467: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5428: 5423: 5422: 5421: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5400: 5399: 5388: 5386: 5380: 5379: 5376: 5375: 5373: 5372: 5371: 5370: 5369: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5323: 5322: 5321: 5320: 5319: 5309: 5304: 5299: 5294: 5289: 5278: 5276: 5270: 5269: 5267: 5266: 5265: 5264: 5259: 5257:Syro-Malankara 5254: 5249: 5244: 5239: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5207:Italo-Albanian 5204: 5199: 5194: 5189: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5169: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5139: 5133: 5131: 5121: 5120: 5118: 5117: 5116: 5115: 5110: 5105: 5095: 5090: 5089: 5088: 5078: 5077: 5076: 5071: 5061: 5056: 5055: 5054: 5049: 5044: 5039: 5025: 5018: 5016: 5010: 5009: 5007: 5006: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4990: 4989: 4984: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4934: 4933: 4932: 4927: 4916: 4914: 4903: 4902: 4900: 4899: 4894: 4889: 4884: 4879: 4877:Lateran Treaty 4874: 4869: 4864: 4858: 4856: 4850: 4849: 4847: 4846: 4841: 4836: 4835: 4834: 4824: 4823: 4822: 4817: 4803: 4798: 4789: 4787: 4772: 4746: 4745: 4743: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4727: 4722: 4717: 4712: 4707: 4702: 4697: 4696: 4695: 4690: 4679: 4677: 4671: 4670: 4668: 4667: 4666: 4665: 4660: 4650: 4649: 4648: 4638: 4635: 4630: 4625: 4620: 4615: 4613:Moral theology 4610: 4604: 4602: 4596: 4595: 4592: 4591: 4589: 4588: 4583: 4580: 4575: 4570: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4539: 4537: 4531: 4530: 4528: 4527: 4522: 4517: 4516: 4515: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4484: 4482: 4476: 4475: 4473: 4472: 4467: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4443: 4438: 4437: 4436: 4431: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4403: 4401: 4395: 4394: 4392: 4391: 4386: 4385: 4384: 4377: 4372: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4334: 4329: 4324: 4319: 4314: 4313: 4312: 4307: 4296: 4294: 4287: 4265: 4264: 4261: 4260: 4258: 4257: 4252: 4247: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4227: 4222: 4217: 4212: 4211: 4210: 4209: 4208: 4198: 4187: 4185: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4175: 4170: 4165: 4160: 4155: 4150: 4145: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4128:Pope Gregory I 4125: 4119: 4117: 4111: 4110: 4108: 4107: 4102: 4100:Biblical canon 4097: 4095:Late antiquity 4092: 4091: 4090: 4085: 4075: 4070: 4064: 4062: 4056: 4055: 4053: 4052: 4051: 4050: 4040: 4039: 4038: 4031:Church fathers 4028: 4027: 4026: 4021: 4011: 4010: 4009: 4004: 3999: 3994: 3983: 3981: 3972: 3965:Ecclesiastical 3952: 3951: 3949: 3948: 3943: 3938: 3933: 3927: 3924: 3923: 3918: 3916: 3915: 3908: 3901: 3893: 3887: 3886: 3879: 3870: 3867: 3866: 3865: 3858: 3855: 3854: 3853: 3846: 3840: 3826: 3823: 3821: 3818: 3816: 3815: 3797: 3776: 3773:. 13 May 2024. 3758: 3732: 3702: 3681: 3620: 3589: 3558: 3504: 3491: 3478: 3450:The Watchtower 3441: 3428: 3402: 3369: 3351: 3322: 3296: 3284: 3258: 3245: 3215: 3199: 3183: 3157: 3147: 3121: 3112: 3099: 3090: 3063: 3033: 3014: 3012:Canon 281 § 3. 3005: 2979: 2953: 2926: 2896: 2862: 2851: 2829: 2811: 2800: 2793: 2772: 2761: 2734: 2699: 2688: 2674: 2647: 2616: 2614: 2611: 2610: 2609: 2604: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2573: 2572: 2556: 2553: 2537:councillor of 2499: 2496: 2455: 2452: 2403:Józef Mehoffer 2391:Main article: 2388: 2385: 2371:Deacons among 2368: 2365: 2353: 2346: 2345: 2344: 2341: 2338: 2331: 2328: 2325: 2322: 2319: 2304:Main article: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2284: 2281: 2279: 2276: 2251: 2248: 2239: 2236: 2177: 2174: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2148: 2145: 2143: 2140: 2135:Uniting Church 2108: 2105: 2099: 2096: 2063: 2060: 2025: 2022: 2020: 2017: 1971: 1968: 1861: 1858: 1841: 1838: 1816:Painting of a 1676:holy communion 1623:deacon in the 1621:Greek Orthodox 1613: 1610: 1478:evangelization 1409:cursus honorum 1398: 1397: 1395: 1394: 1387: 1380: 1372: 1369: 1368: 1367: 1366: 1351: 1350: 1347: 1346: 1341: 1340: 1339: 1329: 1328: 1327: 1322: 1317: 1306: 1303: 1302: 1299: 1298: 1295: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1277:Protosyncellus 1274: 1269: 1264: 1262:Promotor Fidei 1259: 1257:Prince-provost 1254: 1252:Prince-primate 1249: 1244: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1154: 1149: 1144: 1138: 1135: 1134: 1131: 1130: 1127: 1126: 1121: 1116: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1096: 1095: 1094: 1084: 1079: 1074: 1069: 1064: 1059: 1054: 1049: 1044: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1023: 1020: 1019: 1016: 1015: 1012: 1011: 1010: 1009: 1001: 1000: 999: 994: 992:Judicial vicar 984: 979: 978: 977: 972: 967: 965:Servant of God 957: 952: 947: 942: 937: 936: 935: 925: 920: 915: 910: 905: 904: 903: 893: 888: 883: 878: 873: 872: 871: 866: 856: 855: 854: 849: 848: 847: 842: 827: 822: 817: 812: 807: 802: 797: 796: 795: 785: 780: 775: 770: 765: 764: 763: 758: 748: 743: 738: 732: 729: 728: 725: 724: 721: 720: 715: 710: 705: 699: 696: 695: 692: 691: 690: 689: 684: 679: 678: 677: 672: 667: 662: 657: 652: 650:Titular bishop 647: 642: 637: 632: 627: 622: 612: 611: 610: 600: 595: 590: 585: 580: 575: 570: 565: 560: 555: 550: 545: 540: 535: 530: 529: 528: 523: 518: 513: 511:Cardinal Vicar 503: 502: 501: 488: 487: 476: 475: 470: 462: 461: 453: 452: 444: 443: 432: 429: 380: 377: 333: 332: 326: 321: 312: 306: 300: 294: 284: 204:Female deacons 125: 122: 61:denominational 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6048: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5978: 5976: 5961: 5953: 5951: 5946: 5941: 5940: 5937: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5915: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5891:Home Missions 5889: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5873: 5871: 5869: 5865: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5790: 5787: 5786: 5785: 5784:Saint Francis 5782: 5778: 5775: 5774: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5767:Saint Dominic 5765: 5764: 5763: 5760: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5737: 5736: 5733: 5732: 5730: 5728: 5722: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5580:Bethlehemites 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5552: 5550: 5548: 5544: 5539: 5535: 5529: 5528: 5524: 5522: 5521: 5517: 5515: 5514: 5510: 5507: 5503: 5502:Vatican Radio 5500: 5498: 5495: 5493: 5490: 5489: 5488: 5487:Vatican Media 5485: 5483: 5480: 5479: 5477: 5475: 5471: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5424: 5420: 5417: 5416: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5398: 5395: 5394: 5393: 5390: 5389: 5387: 5385: 5381: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5348: 5347: 5344: 5342: 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4918: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4908: 4904: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4883: 4880: 4878: 4875: 4873: 4870: 4868: 4865: 4863: 4860: 4859: 4857: 4855: 4851: 4845: 4842: 4840: 4837: 4833: 4830: 4829: 4828: 4825: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4812: 4811: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4791: 4790: 4788: 4785: 4784:List of popes 4780: 4776: 4773: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4758: 4754: 4747: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4721: 4718: 4716: 4713: 4711: 4708: 4706: 4703: 4701: 4698: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4685: 4684: 4681: 4680: 4678: 4676: 4672: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4655: 4654: 4651: 4647: 4644: 4643: 4642: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4621: 4619: 4616: 4614: 4611: 4609: 4606: 4605: 4603: 4601: 4597: 4587: 4584: 4581: 4579: 4576: 4574: 4571: 4569: 4568:Mother of God 4566: 4564: 4561: 4559: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4540: 4538: 4536: 4532: 4526: 4523: 4521: 4518: 4514: 4511: 4510: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4485: 4483: 4481: 4477: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4465: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4453:People of God 4451: 4449: 4448: 4444: 4442: 4441:Infallibility 4439: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4426: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4409: 4405: 4404: 4402: 4400: 4396: 4390: 4387: 4383: 4382: 4378: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4367: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4317:Body and soul 4315: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4302: 4301: 4298: 4297: 4295: 4291: 4288: 4285: 4284: 4279: 4275: 4270: 4266: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4231: 4228: 4226: 4223: 4221: 4220:Enlightenment 4218: 4216: 4213: 4207: 4204: 4203: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4193: 4192: 4191:Protestantism 4189: 4188: 4186: 4184: 4180: 4174: 4171: 4169: 4168:Scholasticism 4166: 4164: 4161: 4159: 4156: 4154: 4153:Schism (1378) 4151: 4149: 4146: 4144: 4141: 4139: 4138:Schism (1054) 4136: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4120: 4118: 4116: 4112: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4098: 4096: 4093: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4080: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4065: 4063: 4061: 4057: 4049: 4046: 4045: 4044: 4041: 4037: 4034: 4033: 4032: 4029: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4017: 4016: 4015: 4012: 4008: 4005: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3993: 3990: 3989: 3988: 3985: 3984: 3982: 3980: 3976: 3973: 3970: 3966: 3962: 3957: 3953: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3929: 3928: 3925: 3921: 3914: 3909: 3907: 3902: 3900: 3895: 3894: 3891: 3885: 3884: 3880: 3878: 3877: 3873: 3872: 3868: 3864: 3861: 3860: 3856: 3851: 3847: 3844: 3841: 3838: 3834: 3833: 3829: 3828: 3824: 3819: 3811: 3807: 3801: 3798: 3793: 3792: 3787: 3780: 3777: 3772: 3768: 3762: 3759: 3747: 3743: 3736: 3733: 3720: 3716: 3715:ncronline.org 3712: 3706: 3703: 3699: 3698:0-89870-114-7 3695: 3691: 3685: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3650: 3646: 3642: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3624: 3621: 3608: 3604: 3600: 3599:"Deaconesses" 3593: 3590: 3577: 3573: 3568: 3562: 3559: 3546: 3542: 3537: 3523: 3519: 3514: 3508: 3505: 3501: 3495: 3492: 3488: 3482: 3479: 3474: 3468: 3462: 3456: 3451: 3445: 3442: 3438: 3432: 3429: 3416: 3412: 3406: 3403: 3387: 3380: 3373: 3370: 3365: 3361: 3355: 3352: 3339: 3335: 3329: 3327: 3323: 3310: 3306: 3300: 3297: 3293: 3288: 3285: 3272: 3268: 3262: 3259: 3255: 3249: 3246: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3219: 3216: 3212: 3206: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3192: 3187: 3184: 3171: 3167: 3161: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3144: 3140: 3135: 3134: 3125: 3122: 3116: 3113: 3109: 3103: 3100: 3094: 3091: 3078: 3074: 3067: 3064: 3051: 3047: 3046:www.usccb.org 3043: 3037: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3024: 3018: 3015: 3009: 3006: 2993: 2989: 2983: 2980: 2968: 2964: 2957: 2954: 2941: 2937: 2930: 2927: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2900: 2897: 2885: 2881: 2875: 2873: 2871: 2869: 2867: 2863: 2860: 2855: 2852: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2833: 2830: 2825: 2821: 2815: 2812: 2809: 2804: 2801: 2796: 2790: 2786: 2779: 2777: 2773: 2770: 2769:Romans 16:1–2 2765: 2762: 2749: 2745: 2744:"Holy Orders" 2738: 2735: 2722: 2721: 2716: 2703: 2700: 2697: 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