895:(AI) to be more efficient at handling goods. Smart ports usually deploy cloud-based software as part of the process of greater automation to help generate the operating flow that helps the port work smoothly. At present, most of the world's ports have somewhat embedded technology, if not for full leadership. However, thanks to global government initiatives and exponential growth in maritime trade, the number of intelligent ports has gradually increased. A report by business intelligence provider Visiongain assessed that Smart Ports Market spending would reach $ 1.5 bn in 2019.
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787:(also known as an ice-free port) is one where the water does not freeze in winter. This is mainly used in the context of countries with mostly cold winters where parts of the coastline freezes over every winter. Because they are available year-round, warm-water ports can be of great geopolitical or economic interest. Such settlements as
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the cruise ship at the end of their cruise. It is also where the cruise ship's supplies are loaded for the cruise, which includes everything from fresh water and fuel to fruits, vegetables, champagne, and any other supplies needed for the cruise. "Cruise home ports" are very busy places during the
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and species attached to the hulls of ships. It is estimated that there are over 7000 invasive species transported in bilge water around the world on a daily basis
Invasive species can have direct or indirect interactions with native sea life. Direct interaction such as predation, is when a native
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Most cargo ports handle all sorts of cargo, but some ports are very specific as to what cargo they handle. Additionally, individual cargo ports may be divided into different operating terminals which handle the different types of cargoes, and may be operated by different companies, also known as
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Ports are extremely important to the global economy; 70% of global merchandise trade by value passes through a port. For this reason, ports are also often densely populated settlements that provide the labor for processing and handling goods and related services for the ports. Today by far the
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for landing and distributing fish. It may be a recreational facility, but it is usually commercial. A fishing port is the only port that depends on an ocean product, and depletion of fish may cause a fishing port to be uneconomical.
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Ports and their operation are often a cause of environmental issues, such as sediment contamination and spills from ships and are susceptible to larger environmental issues, such as human caused climate change and its effects.
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and sea level rise, because many of them are in low-lying areas designed for status quo water levels. Variable weather, coastal erosion, and sea level rise all put pressure on existing infrastructure, resulting in
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is an intermediate stop for a ship on its sailing itinerary. At these ports, cargo ships may take on supplies or fuel, as well as unloading and loading cargo while cruise liners have passengers get on or off ship.
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day the cruise ship is in port, because off-going passengers debark their baggage and on-coming passengers board the ship in addition to all the supplies being loaded. Cruise home ports tend to have large
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Water quality around ports is often lower because of both direct and indirect pollution from the shipping, and other challenges caused by the port's community, such as trash washing into the ocean.
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were once significant in the transatlantic passenger liner business. Once airliner traffic decimated that trade, both ports diversified to container cargo and cruise ships. Up until the 1950s the
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are dredged to improve waterways around ports. Dredging, in its practice, disturbs local ecosystems, brings sediments into the water column, and can stir up pollutants captured in the sediments.
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may handle one particular type of cargo or numerous cargoes, such as grains, liquid fuels, liquid chemicals, wood, automobiles, etc. Such ports are known as the "bulk" or "break bulk ports".
637:". Additionally, "cruise ports" are also known as a "home port" or a "port of call"; and "cargo port" is also further categorized into a "bulk" or "break bulk port" or as a "container port".
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as a result of ships and land transportation at the port. Transportation corridors around ports have higher exhaust emissions and this can have related health effects on local communities.
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Vostochny Port is located in the south of
Primorsky Region, in the southeast of Nakhodka bay, in Vrangel bay. This is unique natural harbor is no ice restrictions even in severe winters.
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are known to have had trade port islands and trade routes with the
Islamic world and Asia. They were described by Greek historians as "metropolises". Famous African trade ports such as
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port), or canal with access to a sea or ocean, which therefore allows a ship to sail from the ocean inland to the port to load or unload its cargo. An example of this is the
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species with no natural predator is all of a sudden prey of an invasive specie. Indirect interaction can be diseases or other health conditions brought by invasive species.
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1895:"Feasibility Study on the network operation of Hinterland Hubs (Dry Port Concept) to improve and modernise ports' connections to the hinterland and to improve networking"
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Sewage from ships, and leaks of oil and chemicals from shipping vessels can contaminate local water, and cause other effects like nutrient pollution in the water.
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Ports can have a wide environmental impact on local ecologies and waterways, most importantly water quality, which can be caused by dredging, spills and other
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for immigrants as well as soldiers in wartime, many port cities have experienced dramatic multi-ethnic and multicultural changes throughout their histories.
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are quite different from cruise ports, because each handles very different cargo, which has to be loaded and unloaded by a variety of mechanical means.
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traffic or general cargo; and some ports play an important military role for their nation's navy. Some third world countries and small islands such as
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Wherever ancient civilisations engaged in maritime trade, they tended to develop sea ports. One of the world's oldest known artificial harbors is at
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to ships, and will give shelter from wind and waves. Ports are often on estuaries, where the water may be shallow and may need regular
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Many of these ancient sites no longer exist or function as modern ports. Even in more recent times, ports sometimes fall out of use.
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and other processing facilities find it advantageous to be located within a port or nearby. Modern ports will have specialised
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Even though modern ships tend to have bow-thrusters and stern-thrusters, many port authorities still require vessels to use
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Walker, Tony R. (2016). "Green Marine: An environmental program to establish sustainability in marine transportation".
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still have limited port facilities, so that ships must anchor off while their cargo and passengers are taken ashore by
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to handle the large number of passengers passing through the port. The busiest cruise home port in the world is the
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1333:'s "Maritime and Logistics Profile of Latin America and the Caribbean", the largest ports in South America are the
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which allows ships to travel from the
Atlantic Ocean several thousand kilometers inland to Great Lakes ports like
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and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as
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is a port located on the shore of a sea or ocean. It is further categorized as commercial and non-commercial:
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In modern times, ports survive or decline, depending on current economic trends. In the UK, both the ports of
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Hossain, Tahazzud; Adams, Michelle; Walker, Tony R. (2019). "Sustainability initiatives in
Canadian ports".
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The terms "port" and "seaport" are used for different types of facilities handling ocean-going vessels, and
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is the largest port on the
Mediterranean and in Africa by capacity and went into service in July 2007.
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The port of
Singapore is the world's second-busiest port in terms of total shipping tonnage, it also
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In mainland Europe, it is normal for ports to be publicly owned, so that, for instance, the ports of
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was the only port open for trade with Europe and received only a single Dutch ship per year, whereas
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that connects the
Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, and is a key conduit for international trade.
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for manoeuvering large ships in tight quarters. For instance, ships approaching the
Belgian
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and similar areas have ports available year-round beginning in the 20th century thanks to
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The Deep Roots of Modern
Democracy: Geography and the Diffusion of Political Institutions
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There are several initiatives to decrease negative environmental impacts of ports. The
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2293:, Spain: Asociación de Ingenieros Navales y Oceånicos de España. September 28, 2016
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Maritime facility where ships may dock to load and discharge passengers and cargo
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Europe's busiest container port and biggest port by cargo tonnage by far is the
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Whereas early ports tended to be just simple harbours, modern ports tend to be
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greatest growth in port development is in Asia, the continent with some of the
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Information on yachting facilities at ports around the world from Noonsite.com
2283:"Los 10 mayores puertos de América Latina y Caribe en tråfico de contenedores"
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Asariotis, Regina; Benamara, Hassiba; Mohos-Naray, Viktoria (December 2017).
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1980:"'Smart Ports Market spending will reach $ 1.5bn in 2019', says Visiongain"
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are less common, but can handle larger ships with a greater draft, such as
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160:. Internationally, global ports are beginning to identify ways to improve
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148:. Ports are heavily affected by changing environmental factors caused by
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Ports usually have specialised functions: some tend to cater mainly for
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John Gerring; Brendan Apfeld; Tore Wig; Andreas ForĂž Tollefsen (2022).
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594:
586:
531: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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was the base for the Athenian fleet which played a crucial role in the
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205:, the principal Egyptian port for Greek trade before the foundation of
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1255:, is the main port of the northern Adriatic and starting point of the
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was a prominent city of the Indus valley civilisation, located in the
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is the busiest port in the Mediterranean basin, while the Portuguese
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as potential ways of addressing port sustainability. These include
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are owned partly by the state and partly by the cities themselves.
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and medieval Islamic historians such as the Berber Islamic voyager
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Port Industry Statistics, American Association of Port Authorities
2018:
Environmental Impacts of International Shipping: The Role of Ports
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This article is about the facility for ships. For other uses, see
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against the Persians in 480 BCE. In ancient India from 3700 BCE,
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in 2009 and 2010, respectively. It is followed by the ports of
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was the largest domestic port and the main trade hub for rice.
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902:
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Port Industry Survey on Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation
245:
to supplement the nearby port of Ostia. In Japan, during the
2099:
Hossain, Tahazzud; Adams, Michelle; Walker, Tony R. (2020).
452:, a small semi-automated container port (with links to the
1281:, a vast sprawling port centered in the New Orleans area,
1239:, depending on which metric is used. In turn, the Spanish
2214:"Areas of Interest â World Port Sustainability Program"
1668:"Tanzanian dig unearths ancient secret by Tira Shubart"
919:
152:
as most port infrastructure is extremely vulnerable to
1840:"Stevedoring & The Role of Stevedores in Shipping"
827:
owe their very existence to being ice-free ports. The
1231:, in the Netherlands. It is followed by the Belgian
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1721:"Ibn Battuta: Travels in Asia and Africa 1325â1354"
699:is the port where cruise ship passengers board (or
1955:"Ports in the Cloud: The Next Step in Automation?"
1550:(Report). UN Conference on Trade and Development.
1569:"Maritime ports freight and passenger statistics"
77:or loading areas, where ships load and discharge
1926:"Smart Ports of the Future: A Digital Tomorrow"
1723:. Fordham.edu. 21 February 2001. Archived from
869:to a seaport and operating as a centre for the
2165:
2163:
2051:"What are California Marine Invasive Species?"
2015:OECD (2011-02-17). Braathen, Nils Axel (ed.).
1606:"Most Ancient Port, Hieroglyphic Papyri Found"
1146:and activity. It regained its position as the
1118:List of ports and harbours of the Indian Ocean
887:A smart port uses technologies, including the
3374:
2707:
2364:
2328:from "NOAA Socioeconomics" website initiative
1842:. International Institute of Marine Surveying
8:
2254:AgĂȘncia Nacional de Transportes AquaviĂĄrios
2101:"Role of sustainability in global seaports"
3381:
3367:
3359:
2714:
2700:
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1465:List of busiest cruise ports by passengers
2116:
1862:"Vostochny Port JSC, Geography, Location"
1646:"Eastern and Southern Africa 500â1000 AD"
1523:. Cambridge University Press. p. 45.
1142:is the largest port in the world in both
547:Learn how and when to remove this message
1036:and other direct pressures on the port.
1023:Ports and their infrastructure are very
986:A ship pumping bilge water into a harbor
2326:Social & Economic Benefits of PORTS
1476:
1189:, half of the world's annual supply of
959:Every year 100 million cubic metres of
1277:The largest ports include the Port of
585:is a port on a navigable lake, river (
489:Ports with international traffic have
444:was a major international port on the
280:were known to Chinese sailors such as
2010:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1900:. InLoc. January 2007. Archived from
1838:Khan, Khalil U. (15 September 2014).
1148:world's busiest port by cargo tonnage
995:Ports are also a source of increased
873:of sea cargo to inland destinations.
378:, warehouses and freight-forwarders,
209:. In ancient Greece, Athens' port of
7:
2646:
2345:, 2011, retrieved: November 2, 2011.
2075:"Invasive and Exotic Marine Species"
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1530:
775:is a port for recreational boating.
529:adding citations to reliable sources
3963:Industrial buildings and structures
2959:Maintenance, repair, and operations
2676:
2609:Ballast Water Management Convention
2489:Countries by container port traffic
1317:The largest port in Oceania is the
1011:Spills, pollution and contamination
563:is used for river traffic, such as
168:practices into their construction.
1827:from the original on Dec 17, 2023.
1604:Rossella Lorenzi (12 April 2013).
1247:is the busiest atlantic port. The
233:was the port of ancient Rome with
25:
3263:Controlled-access highway systems
1046:World Port Sustainability Program
1019:Climate change and sea level rise
567:and other shallow-draft vessels.
111:world's largest and busiest ports
3922:
3323:San FranciscoâOakland Bay Bridge
3144:Sustainable urban infrastructure
2675:
2665:
2655:
2645:
2636:
2635:
2623:
1634:. Archeological Survey of India.
1557:from the original on 2020-11-25.
940:Environmental impact of shipping
906:
505:
131:busiest passenger port in Europe
73:facility comprising one or more
3816:Residential cluster development
3278:Hong Kong International Airport
2904:Infrastructure asset management
2263:from the original on 2012-12-02
2192:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.029
2118:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105435
1585:from the original on 2017-07-22
1375:- port for recreational boating
1207:List of busiest ports in Europe
861:terminal directly connected by
516:needs additional citations for
45:, U.S., grew from the original
43:Port of New York and New Jersey
3468:Shopping streets and districts
2105:Ocean & Coastal Management
1152:world's busiest container port
1099:The busiest port in Africa is
1058:World Ports Climate Initiative
325:Container Terminal Altenwerder
1:
2343:Institute of European History
2334:Early Modern Ports, 1500-1750
1959:Port Technology International
1930:Port Technology International
1193:, and is the world's busiest
1062:African Green Port Initiative
1050:Sustainable Development Goals
386:-handling equipment, such as
376:regional distribution centres
350:. Ideally, a port will grant
3594:Model dwellings for the poor
3293:Kansai International Airport
3154:Transit-oriented development
2484:Busiest by cruise passengers
2146:10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103519
1932:. 2019-09-17. Archived from
1699:. Indiana University Press.
1269:List of North American ports
1025:vulnerable to climate change
703:) to start their cruise and
642:Non-commercial seaports are
193:Other ancient ports include
101:. Because of their roles as
3268:Electric power transmission
2287:Revista de IngenierĂa Naval
1986:(Press release). 2019-09-05
1287:Port of New York/New Jersey
1075:
374:. Other businesses such as
358:. Deep water ports such as
93:; these access the sea via
3979:
3348:Transcontinental railroads
2994:Publicâprivate partnership
2247:"World Port Rankings 2011"
1817:"Different types of Ports"
1273:Ports of the United States
1266:
1204:
1111:
1079:
952:
937:
880:
846:
629:Commercial ones includes "
574:
175:
49:at the convergence of the
29:
3919:
3253:Bus rapid transit systems
2617:
2578:Terminal Operating System
2573:Port operations simulator
2218:sustainableworldports.org
2172:Marine Pollution Bulletin
166:climate change adaptation
3390:Real estate developments
2027:10.1787/9789264097339-en
1488:Encyclopedia of the City
1114:List of East Asian ports
974:are often spread by the
805:Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
482:, an inland port on the
286:Abu Abdullah ibn Battuta
164:practices and integrate
3599:Multifamily residential
2763:Critical infrastructure
2474:Busiest container ports
2339:European History Online
2256:. Antaq, Brazil. 2011.
1696:A History of Mozambique
1693:Newitt, M.D.D. (1995).
1630:Rao, S. R. Rao (1985).
1185:a third of the world's
893:artificial intelligence
823:at the terminus of the
683:terminal operators, or
225:of the modern state of
3549:Conservation community
3207:Mechanical engineering
3202:Electrical engineering
2909:Buildâoperateâtransfer
2773:Electricity generation
1868:. 2007. Archived from
1866:Vostochny Port website
1492:. Routledge. pp.
1224:
1170:, all of which are in
1135:
987:
766:
331:
62:
3644:Single-room occupancy
3589:Mixed-use development
3574:Intentional community
3559:Golf course community
3421:Mixed-use development
3343:Trans-Alaska pipeline
2949:Life-cycle assessment
2924:Engineering contracts
2803:Municipal solid waste
2723:Public infrastructure
2236:EOS magazine, 6, 2012
1803:greatlakes-seaway.com
1484:Caves, R. W. (2004).
1214:
1125:
1048:points to all of the
985:
938:Further information:
761:
409:; some specialise in
318:
40:
32:Port (disambiguation)
3953:Nautical terminology
3713:Garden city movement
3629:Retirement community
3238:Akashi KaikyĆ Bridge
3104:Mobile data terminal
2878:Water supply network
2873:Wastewater treatment
2630:Transport portal
2469:World's busiest port
1395:Other logistics hubs
1363:Anchorage (shipping)
1351:Port of Buenos Aires
1349:in Ecuador, and the
1257:Transalpine Pipeline
899:Environmental issues
525:improve this article
368:Post-Panamax vessels
3876:Planning permission
3619:Residential airpark
3604:Penthouse apartment
3491:Industrial district
3308:Offshore wind farms
3119:Renewable resources
3039:Air traffic control
2944:Infrastructure bond
2671:Wiktionary "Harbor"
2184:2016MarPB.105..199W
1872:on 29 November 2012
1187:shipping containers
1076:World's major ports
710:passenger terminals
675:cargo are known as
591:St. Lawrence Seaway
3948:Ports and harbours
3929:Housing portal
3501:Technology centers
3149:Traffic congestion
3059:Congestion pricing
2863:Telecommunications
2778:Energy development
2553:Port state control
2543:Maritime transport
2479:Busiest by tonnage
2081:. NOAA. 2021-05-07
1225:
1195:transshipment port
1136:
988:
918:. You can help by
889:Internet of Things
767:
671:Ports that handle
454:Port of Felixstowe
332:
303:have been lost to
162:coastal management
129:. As of 2020, the
63:
59:Upper New York Bay
3935:
3934:
3891:Regional planning
3851:Land-use planning
3733:Urban green space
3728:Planned community
3663:Science/education
3609:Private community
3356:
3355:
3273:High-speed trains
3197:Civil engineering
3099:Land-use planning
3049:Bus rapid transit
2689:
2688:
2661:Wiktionary "Port"
2036:978-92-64-09682-0
1778:Port of Rotterdam
1752:London Thamesport
1319:Port of Melbourne
1229:Port of Rotterdam
936:
935:
609:is also used for
557:
556:
549:
403:passenger ferries
215:Battle of Salamis
16:(Redirected from
3970:
3927:
3926:
3925:
3680:Satellite campus
3624:Residential area
3579:Luxury apartment
3539:Closed community
3486:Business cluster
3383:
3376:
3369:
3360:
3338:Three Gorges Dam
3318:Port of Shanghai
3212:Public economics
3064:Containerization
3054:Carbon footprint
2964:Natural monopoly
2833:Public utilities
2828:Public transport
2716:
2709:
2702:
2693:
2679:
2678:
2669:
2659:
2649:
2648:
2639:
2638:
2628:
2627:
2558:Harbour engineer
2403:Fuelling station
2373:
2366:
2359:
2350:
2331:Antunes, CĂĄtia:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2262:
2251:
2243:
2237:
2234:
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2210:
2204:
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2167:
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2157:
2129:
2123:
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2120:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2061:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2012:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1922:
1916:
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1906:
1899:
1891:
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1835:
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1807:
1806:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1770:
1764:
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1761:
1759:
1743:
1737:
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1717:
1711:
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1690:
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1642:
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1620:
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1595:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1584:
1573:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1549:
1540:
1525:
1524:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1491:
1481:
1241:Port of Valencia
1140:port of Shanghai
1034:coastal flooding
972:Invasive species
967:Invasive species
931:
928:
910:
903:
765:Marina, Slovenia
697:cruise home port
666:Bulk cargo ports
552:
545:
541:
538:
532:
509:
501:
429:(respectively).
329:Hamburg, Germany
323:ship loading at
293:Rye, East Sussex
262:Swahili kingdoms
249:, the island of
241:and enlarged by
178:Historical ports
172:Historical ports
158:coastal flooding
135:Port of Helsinki
21:
3978:
3977:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3968:
3967:
3938:
3937:
3936:
3931:
3923:
3921:
3915:
3836:Greenfield land
3806:Brownfield land
3794:
3744:
3689:
3658:
3564:Gated community
3505:
3496:Industrial park
3472:
3458:Shopping center
3426:Office building
3416:Commercial area
3392:
3387:
3357:
3352:
3248:Brooklyn Bridge
3226:
3184:
3178:
3164:Waste-to-energy
3124:Reverse osmosis
3094:Hybrid vehicles
3089:High-speed rail
3074:Fuel efficiency
3044:Brownfield land
3031:
3029:
3023:
2939:Government debt
2887:
2783:Hazardous waste
2735:
2733:
2725:
2720:
2690:
2685:
2622:
2613:
2582:
2535:Port management
2529:
2493:
2457:
2386:
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2312:
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2131:
2130:
2126:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2084:
2082:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2059:
2057:
2055:wildlife.ca.gov
2049:
2048:
2044:
2037:
2014:
2013:
1998:
1989:
1987:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1964:
1962:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1939:
1937:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1897:
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1892:
1888:
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1873:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1845:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1799:"Seaway System"
1797:
1796:
1792:
1783:
1781:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1757:
1755:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1730:
1728:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1707:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1677:
1675:
1674:. 17 April 2002
1666:
1665:
1661:
1651:
1649:
1648:. Metmuseum.org
1644:
1643:
1639:
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1628:
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1528:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1504:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1456:
1397:
1379:Port management
1359:
1327:
1315:
1279:South Louisiana
1275:
1265:
1249:Port of Trieste
1237:Port of Hamburg
1233:Port of Antwerp
1217:Port of Trieste
1209:
1203:
1120:
1110:
1089:
1084:
1078:
1042:
1040:Reducing impact
1021:
1013:
1005:
993:
969:
961:marine sediment
957:
951:
942:
932:
926:
923:
916:needs expansion
901:
885:
879:
851:
845:
825:Alaska Pipeline
785:warm-water port
781:
779:Warm-water port
756:
739:
726:
693:
677:container ports
657:
619:
599:Duluth-Superior
579:
573:
553:
542:
536:
533:
522:
510:
499:
480:port of Antwerp
396:forklift trucks
372:container ships
352:easy navigation
313:
305:coastal erosion
260:Post-classical
237:established by
180:
174:
127:Ningbo-Zhoushan
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3976:
3974:
3966:
3965:
3960:
3958:Infrastructure
3955:
3950:
3940:
3939:
3933:
3932:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3901:Urban planning
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3841:Greyfield land
3838:
3833:
3831:Eminent domain
3828:
3826:Context theory
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3802:
3800:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3776:
3775:
3765:
3759:
3757:
3746:
3745:
3743:
3742:
3741:
3740:
3730:
3725:
3723:Planned cities
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3699:
3697:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3666:
3664:
3660:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3614:Public housing
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3569:Housing estate
3566:
3561:
3556:
3554:Executive home
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3529:Bungalow court
3526:
3524:Boarding house
3521:
3515:
3513:
3507:
3506:
3504:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3482:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3465:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3402:
3400:
3394:
3393:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3378:
3371:
3363:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3298:Millau Viaduct
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3258:Channel Tunnel
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3234:
3232:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3224:
3222:Urban planning
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3188:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3171:
3169:Weatherization
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3035:
3033:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2979:Public finance
2976:
2974:Public capital
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2895:
2893:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2843:Rail transport
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2818:Public housing
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2739:
2737:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2711:
2704:
2696:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2683:
2673:
2663:
2653:
2643:
2633:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2548:Port authority
2545:
2539:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2465:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2394:
2392:
2388:
2387:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2368:
2361:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2329:
2323:
2318:
2311:
2310:External links
2308:
2305:
2304:
2289:(in Spanish).
2274:
2238:
2229:
2205:
2178:(1): 199â207.
2159:
2124:
2091:
2079:NOAA Fisheries
2066:
2042:
2035:
1996:
1971:
1946:
1917:
1886:
1853:
1830:
1808:
1790:
1774:"Organisation"
1765:
1738:
1727:on 13 May 2011
1712:
1705:
1685:
1659:
1637:
1622:
1610:Discovery News
1596:
1560:
1526:
1509:
1502:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1460:Lists of ports
1455:
1452:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1391:
1389:Ship transport
1386:
1381:
1376:
1370:
1365:
1358:
1355:
1353:in Argentina.
1335:Port of Santos
1326:
1323:
1314:
1311:
1297:in Mexico and
1264:
1261:
1235:or the German
1202:
1199:
1176:Southeast Asia
1132:Andhra Pradesh
1109:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1097:
1088:
1085:
1082:Lists of ports
1080:Main article:
1077:
1074:
1041:
1038:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1009:
1004:
1001:
992:
989:
968:
965:
953:Main article:
950:
947:
934:
933:
913:
911:
900:
897:
881:Main article:
878:
875:
847:Main article:
844:
841:
809:Vostochny Port
780:
777:
755:
752:
738:
735:
725:
722:
692:
689:
656:
653:
652:
651:
639:
638:
618:
615:
575:Main article:
572:
569:
555:
554:
513:
511:
504:
498:
495:
442:Port of London
392:reach stackers
348:London Gateway
346:, such as the
312:
309:
176:Main article:
173:
170:
154:sea level rise
150:climate change
103:ports of entry
26:
24:
18:Deepwater port
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3975:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3930:
3918:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3886:Redevelopment
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3846:Groundscraper
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3799:Miscellaneous
3797:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3718:Model village
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3696:
3692:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3675:Research park
3673:
3671:
3668:
3667:
3665:
3661:
3655:
3654:Tract housing
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3639:Rooming house
3637:
3635:
3634:Revenue house
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3514:
3512:
3508:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3469:
3466:
3463:
3462:Shopping mall
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3411:Business park
3409:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3391:
3384:
3379:
3377:
3372:
3370:
3365:
3364:
3361:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3303:Nuclear power
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3288:Humber Bridge
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3217:Public policy
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3181:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
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3157:
3155:
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3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
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3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
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3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
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3077:
3075:
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3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
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3050:
3047:
3045:
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3037:
3036:
3034:
3026:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2989:Public sector
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
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2937:
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2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2899:Appropriation
2897:
2896:
2894:
2890:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2858:State schools
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2823:Public spaces
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
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2698:
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2674:
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2668:
2664:
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2644:
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2631:
2626:
2620:
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2616:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2585:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2563:Port operator
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2496:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2428:Port of entry
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2408:Inland harbor
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2374:
2369:
2367:
2362:
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2355:
2354:
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2340:
2336:
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2327:
2324:
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2319:
2317:
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2309:
2292:
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2278:
2275:
2259:
2255:
2248:
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2239:
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2230:
2219:
2215:
2209:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2134:Marine Policy
2128:
2125:
2119:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2095:
2092:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2067:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2038:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1985:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1960:
1956:
1950:
1947:
1936:on 2019-10-11
1935:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1918:
1907:on 2008-04-13
1903:
1896:
1890:
1887:
1883:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1841:
1834:
1831:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1812:
1809:
1804:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1779:
1775:
1769:
1766:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1742:
1739:
1726:
1722:
1716:
1713:
1708:
1706:9780253340061
1702:
1698:
1697:
1689:
1686:
1673:
1669:
1663:
1660:
1647:
1641:
1638:
1633:
1626:
1623:
1611:
1607:
1600:
1597:
1581:
1577:
1570:
1564:
1561:
1553:
1546:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1522:
1521:
1513:
1510:
1505:
1503:9780415252256
1499:
1495:
1490:
1489:
1480:
1477:
1470:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1448:Port of entry
1446:
1444:
1443:Seaplane base
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1384:Port operator
1382:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1341:in Colombia,
1340:
1336:
1332:
1329:According to
1325:South America
1324:
1322:
1320:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1305:also has the
1304:
1300:
1296:
1293:in the U.S.,
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1274:
1270:
1263:North America
1262:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1245:Port of Sines
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1222:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1144:cargo tonnage
1141:
1133:
1129:
1128:Visakhapatnam
1124:
1119:
1115:
1107:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1018:
1016:
1010:
1008:
1003:Water quality
1002:
1000:
998:
997:air pollution
991:Air pollution
990:
984:
980:
977:
973:
966:
964:
962:
956:
948:
946:
941:
930:
927:December 2020
921:
917:
914:This section
912:
909:
905:
904:
898:
896:
894:
890:
884:
876:
874:
872:
871:transshipment
868:
864:
860:
857:is an inland
856:
850:
842:
840:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
819:in Japan and
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
778:
776:
774:
773:
764:
760:
753:
751:
748:
745:is a port or
744:
736:
734:
731:
723:
721:
719:
715:
714:Port of Miami
711:
706:
702:
698:
690:
688:
686:
680:
678:
674:
673:containerized
669:
667:
663:
661:
654:
649:
648:fishing ports
645:
641:
640:
636:
632:
628:
627:
626:
624:
616:
614:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
578:
570:
568:
566:
562:
551:
548:
540:
537:December 2012
530:
526:
520:
519:
514:This section
512:
508:
503:
502:
496:
494:
492:
487:
485:
484:River Scheldt
481:
477:
473:
468:
466:
462:
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
399:
397:
393:
389:
388:gantry cranes
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
364:super tankers
361:
360:Milford Haven
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
338:distribution
337:
330:
326:
322:
317:
310:
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
289:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
258:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
191:
189:
185:
179:
171:
169:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
142:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
106:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
39:
33:
19:
3896:Urban design
3821:Construction
3708:Civic center
3685:Science park
3544:Company town
3443:Power center
3430:
3313:Panama Canal
3192:Architecture
3159:Urban sprawl
3134:Smart growth
3069:Ethanol fuel
3009:Supply chain
2969:Property tax
2914:Designâbuild
2838:Public works
2812:
2621:
2599:MARPOL 73/78
2379:
2333:
2295:. Retrieved
2286:
2277:
2265:. Retrieved
2253:
2241:
2232:
2221:. Retrieved
2217:
2208:
2175:
2171:
2137:
2133:
2127:
2108:
2104:
2094:
2083:. Retrieved
2078:
2069:
2058:. Retrieved
2054:
2045:
2017:
1988:. Retrieved
1983:
1974:
1963:. Retrieved
1961:. 2018-11-09
1958:
1949:
1938:. Retrieved
1934:the original
1929:
1920:
1909:. Retrieved
1902:the original
1889:
1881:
1874:. Retrieved
1870:the original
1865:
1856:
1844:. Retrieved
1833:
1820:
1811:
1802:
1793:
1782:. Retrieved
1780:. 2015-06-15
1777:
1768:
1756:. Retrieved
1750:
1741:
1729:. Retrieved
1725:the original
1715:
1695:
1688:
1676:. Retrieved
1671:
1662:
1650:. Retrieved
1640:
1631:
1625:
1613:. Retrieved
1609:
1599:
1587:. Retrieved
1563:
1519:
1512:
1487:
1479:
1328:
1316:
1307:Panama Canal
1276:
1226:
1180:
1137:
1126:The port of
1092:The port of
1070:Green Marine
1043:
1022:
1014:
1006:
994:
970:
958:
943:
924:
920:adding to it
915:
886:
854:
852:
815:in Ukraine,
801:Novorossiysk
784:
782:
770:
768:
743:fishing port
742:
740:
737:Fishing port
730:port of call
729:
727:
724:Port of call
696:
694:
681:
670:
665:
664:
659:
658:
631:cruise ports
622:
620:
606:
582:
580:
560:
558:
543:
534:
523:Please help
518:verification
515:
493:facilities.
488:
469:
458:
446:River Thames
431:
407:cruise ships
400:
333:
311:Modern ports
290:
259:
231:Ostia Antica
192:
184:Wadi al-Jarf
181:
143:
107:
66:
64:
51:Hudson River
3856:Nonbuilding
3785:Tower block
3649:Subdivision
3511:Residential
3448:Retail park
3333:Solar power
3109:Pork barrel
3084:Groundwater
2984:Public good
2954:Lindahl tax
2929:Externality
2868:Town square
2798:Lighthouses
2681:WikiProject
2587:Conventions
2413:Inland port
2267:6 September
1876:13 December
1758:6 September
1368:Megaproject
1337:in Brazil,
1301:in Canada.
1291:Los Angeles
1094:Tangier Med
976:bilge water
833:icebreakers
811:in Russia,
791:in Norway,
691:Cruise port
660:Cargo ports
635:cargo ports
607:inland port
605:. The term
583:inland port
577:Inland port
571:Inland port
438:Southampton
223:Bhal region
199:Qin dynasty
3942:Categories
3881:Playground
3780:Skyscraper
3534:City block
3478:Industrial
3453:Riverfront
3398:Commercial
3328:Suez Canal
3283:Hoover Dam
3139:Stormwater
3129:Smart grid
2999:Renovation
2934:Fixed cost
2883:Wind power
2736:facilities
2453:Naval base
2433:Trust port
2223:2020-12-19
2140:: 103519.
2111:: 105435.
2085:2021-05-13
2060:2021-05-13
1990:2019-09-09
1984:Visiongain
1965:2019-10-11
1940:2019-10-11
1911:2008-03-10
1784:2020-10-07
1471:References
1295:Manzanillo
1267:See also:
1205:See also:
1183:transships
1112:See also:
1030:subsidence
891:(IoT) and
883:Smart port
877:Smart port
859:intermodal
829:Baltic Sea
795:in China,
685:stevedores
655:Cargo port
561:river port
450:Thamesport
370:and large
344:hinterland
336:multimodal
327:, port of
297:Ravenspurn
247:Edo period
207:Alexandria
201:China and
113:, such as
87:Manchester
55:East River
3763:Apartment
3750:Buildings
3695:Municipal
3584:McMansion
3114:Recycling
3004:Spillover
2788:Hospitals
2753:Broadband
2498:Locations
2443:Anchorage
2398:Home port
2341:, Mainz:
2154:164819617
1747:"Welcome"
1433:Hoverport
1416:Spaceport
1347:Guayaquil
1345:in Peru,
1339:Cartagena
1299:Vancouver
1191:crude oil
1164:Kaohsiung
1160:Hong Kong
1156:Singapore
1103:in Egypt.
1101:Port Said
837:Black Sea
705:disembark
611:dry ports
465:Amsterdam
461:Rotterdam
434:Liverpool
419:St Helena
415:Ascension
411:container
380:canneries
321:Evergreen
274:Mogadishu
195:Guangzhou
146:pollution
121:ports of
115:Singapore
3811:Cemetery
3703:Arcology
3519:Agrihood
3243:Autobahn
3231:Examples
3185:of study
3174:Wireless
3079:Fuel tax
3014:Taxation
2892:Concepts
2743:Airports
2641:Category
2568:Security
2525:Southern
2510:Atlantic
2462:Rankings
2438:Dry port
2258:Archived
2200:26899158
2021:. OECD.
1825:Archived
1731:21 April
1678:21 April
1672:BBC News
1652:21 April
1615:21 April
1580:Archived
1576:Eurostat
1552:Archived
1421:STOLport
1411:Heliport
1406:Altiport
1357:See also
1150:and the
1066:EcoPorts
955:Dredging
949:Dredging
855:dry port
849:Dry port
843:Dry port
797:Murmansk
476:tugboats
356:dredging
282:Zheng He
270:Zanzibar
239:Claudius
123:Shanghai
117:and the
71:maritime
53:and the
3871:Parking
3406:Airport
3019:Upgrade
2919:Earmark
2748:Bridges
2651:Commons
2520:Pacific
2423:Outport
2418:Landing
2384:harbors
2180:Bibcode
1846:7 April
1821:Fulcrum
1589:18 June
1438:Outport
1426:Wayport
1401:Airport
1313:Oceania
1283:Houston
1134:, India
817:Kushiro
718:Florida
633:" and "
623:seaport
617:Seaport
603:Chicago
595:Toronto
587:fluvial
491:customs
301:Dunwich
266:Mombasa
227:GujarÄt
211:Piraeus
203:Canopus
197:during
188:Red Sea
186:on the
139:Finland
133:is the
119:Chinese
83:Hamburg
75:wharves
57:at the
3911:Zoning
3670:Campus
3436:inland
3183:Fields
3028:Issues
2853:Sewage
2793:Levees
2758:Canals
2731:Assets
2515:Indian
2505:Arctic
2297:May 3,
2291:Madrid
2198:
2152:
2033:
1703:
1632:Lothal
1500:
1373:Marina
1343:Callao
1303:Panama
1201:Europe
1168:Taiwan
1087:Africa
1060:, the
1056:, the
1054:SIMPYC
821:Valdez
793:Dalian
789:Narvik
772:marina
754:Marina
747:harbor
701:embark
644:marina
601:, and
565:barges
472:pilots
427:launch
251:Dejima
243:Trajan
235:Portus
219:Lothal
99:canals
95:rivers
91:Duluth
47:harbor
3906:YIMBY
3861:NIMBY
3790:Villa
3773:types
3768:House
3754:types
3738:parks
3032:ideas
2848:Roads
2813:Ports
2808:Parks
2594:SOLAS
2448:Wharf
2391:Types
2380:Ports
2261:(PDF)
2250:(PDF)
2150:S2CID
1905:(PDF)
1898:(PDF)
1583:(PDF)
1572:(PDF)
1555:(PDF)
1548:(PDF)
1454:Lists
1331:ECLAC
1253:Italy
1221:Italy
813:Odesa
763:Izola
497:Types
423:barge
384:cargo
278:Kilwa
255:Osaka
79:cargo
69:is a
3866:Park
3431:Port
2768:Dams
2604:STCW
2382:and
2299:2017
2269:2018
2196:PMID
2031:ISBN
1878:2012
1848:2021
1760:2018
1733:2009
1701:ISBN
1680:2009
1654:2009
1617:2013
1591:2020
1498:ISBN
1271:and
1215:The
1174:and
1172:East
1162:and
1138:The
1116:and
1108:Asia
1068:and
867:rail
863:road
807:and
646:and
474:and
463:and
436:and
417:and
405:and
394:and
340:hubs
299:and
276:and
156:and
125:and
89:and
67:port
41:The
3030:and
2734:and
2188:doi
2176:105
2142:doi
2138:106
2113:doi
2109:202
2023:doi
1494:528
1130:in
922:.
865:or
679:.
581:An
527:by
425:or
398:.
319:An
137:in
97:or
3944::
2337:,
2285:.
2252:.
2216:.
2194:.
2186:.
2174:.
2162:^
2148:.
2136:.
2107:.
2103:.
2077:.
2053:.
2029:.
1999:^
1982:.
1957:.
1928:.
1880:.
1864:.
1823:.
1819:.
1801:.
1776:.
1749:.
1670:.
1608:.
1578:.
1574:.
1529:^
1496:.
1321:.
1289:,
1285:,
1259:.
1251:,
1219:,
1197:.
1178:.
1166:,
1158:,
1072:.
1064:,
1032:,
853:A
839:.
803:,
799:,
783:A
769:A
741:A
728:A
720:.
716:,
695:A
687:.
621:A
613:.
597:,
390:,
366:,
307:.
288:.
272:,
268:,
229:.
85:,
65:A
3756:)
3752:(
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