869:. It was a lethal biological warfare agent with an anticipated fatality rate of 40–60%. The rate-of-action was around three days, with a duration-of-action of one to three weeks (treated) and two to three months (untreated), with frequent relapses. UL was streptomycin resistant. The aerobiological stability of UL was a major concern, being sensitive to sunlight, and losing virulence over time after release. When the 425 strain was standardized as "agent JT" (an incapacitant rather than lethal agent), the Schu S4 strain's symbol was changed again to SR.
492:. It cannot be isolated in the routine culture media because of the need for sulfhydryl group donors (such as cysteine). The microbiologist must be informed when tularemia is suspected not only to include the special media for appropriate isolation, but also to ensure that safety precautions are taken to avoid contamination of laboratory personnel. Serological tests (detection of antibodies in the serum of the patients) are available and widely used. Cross reactivity with
359:
342:
51:
892:
Cats and dogs can acquire the disease from the bite of a tick or flea that has fed on an infected host, such as a rabbit or rodent. For treatment of infected cats, antibiotics are the preferred treatment, including tetracycline, chloramphenicol or streptomycin. Long treatment courses may be necessary
369:
The bacteria can penetrate into the body through damaged skin, mucous membranes, and inhalation. Humans are most often infected by tick/deer fly bite or through handling an infected animal. Ingesting infected water, soil, or food can also cause infection. Hunters are at a higher risk for this disease
506:
There are no safe, available, approved vaccines against tularemia. However, vaccination research and development continues, with live attenuated vaccines being the most thoroughly researched and most likely candidate for approval. Sub-unit vaccine candidates, such as killed-whole cell vaccines, are
467:. Individual flies can remain infectious for 14 days and ticks for over two years. Tularemia may also be spread by direct contact with contaminated animals or material, by ingestion of poorly cooked flesh of infected animals or contaminated water, or by inhalation of contaminated dust.
261:
Between the 1970s and 2015, around 200 cases were reported in the United States a year. Males are affected more often than females. It occurs most frequently in the young and the middle aged. In the United States, most cases occur in the summer. The disease is named after
1988:
A week after six bioterrorism sensors detected the presence of a dangerous bacterium on the Mall, health officials said there are no reports that any of the thousands of people in the nation's capital Sept. 24 have tularemia, the illness that results from exposure to the
410:. The course of disease is different depending on the route of exposure. Mortality in untreated (before the antibiotic era) patients has been as high as 50% in the pneumoniac and typhoidal forms of the disease, which however account for less than 10% of cases.
298:
are common, and animals often develop specific antibodies to the organism. Fever is moderate or very high, and tularemia bacilli can be isolated from blood cultures at this stage. The face and eyes redden and become inflamed. Inflammation spreads to the
795:
plague lab and reported in 1912. Scientists determined tularemia could be dangerous to humans; a human being may catch the infection after contacting an infected animal. The ailment soon became associated with hunters, cooks and agricultural workers.
686:
amongst participants in a hare hunt. About 27 people came into contact with contaminated blood and meat after the hunt. Ten of the exposed, aged 11 to 73, developed tularemia. One of these died due to complications caused by chronic heart disease.
579:. In Sweden over a period from 1984 to 2012 a total of 4,830 cases of tularemia occurred (most of the infections were acquired within the country). About 1.86 cases per 100,000 persons occur each year with higher rates in those between 55 and 70.
828:
by Soviet forces. Others who have studied the pathogen "propose that an outbreak resulting from natural causes is more likely". In the United States, practical research into using rabbit fever as a biological warfare agent took place in 1954 at
2557:
2542:
2527:
752:
at all. Precautions were recommended for those who hunt, dress, or prepare feral hogs. Since feral hogs roam over large distances, concern exists that tularemia may spread or already be present in feral hogs over a wide geographic area.
480:
In lymph node biopsies, the typical histopathologic pattern is characterized by geographic areas of necrosis with neutrophils and necrotizing granulomas. The pattern is non specific and similar to other infectious lymphadenopathies.
278:
Depending on the site of infection, tularemia has six characteristic clinical variants: ulceroglandular (the most common type representing 75% of all forms), glandular, oropharyngeal, pneumonic, oculoglandular, and typhoidal.
2024:
in
December 2005 and January 2006. Twenty-six persons tested positive for the bacteria, and 45 tested positive for antibodies. No cases were fatal. The source was deemed to be a water spring. Previous outbreaks were in
3163:
674:
were triggered at six locations surrounding the Mall. While thousands of people were potentially exposed, no infections were reported. The detected bacteria likely originated from a natural source, not from a
461:, but waterborne infection accounts for 5–10% of all tularemia in the United States, including from aquatic animals such as seals. Tularemia can also be transmitted by biting flies, particularly the deer fly
3206:
2017:
4758:
231:, or contact with infected animals. It may also be spread by drinking contaminated water or breathing in contaminated dust. It does not spread directly between people. Diagnosis is by blood tests or
1586:
Rosado FG, Stratton CW, Mosse CA Clinicopathologic correlation of epidemiologic and histopathologic features of pediatric bacterial lymphadenitis. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2011 Nov;135(11):1490-3.
568:
continued to drop over the course of the 20th century. Between 1990 and 2000, the rate dropped to less than 1 per one million, meaning the disease is extremely rare in the United States today.
2495:
1192:
Hagan and Bruner's
Microbiology and Infectious Diseases of Domestic Animals: With Reference to Etiology, Epizootiology, Pathogenesis, Immunity, Diagnosis, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility
510:
Optimal preventative practices include limiting direct exposure when handling potentially infected animals by wearing gloves and face masks (importantly when skinning deceased animals).
5260:
3087:
1390:
748:
discovered widespread tularemia infection or evidence of past infection in feral hog populations of at least two Texas counties, even though tularemia is not normally associated with
5530:
3199:
816:
agent, and it has been included in the biological warfare programs of the United States, Soviet Union and Japan at various times. A former Soviet biological weapons scientist,
370:
because of the potential of inhaling the bacteria during the skinning process. It has been contracted from inhaling particles from an infected rabbit ground up in a lawnmower (
3143:
282:
The incubation period for tularemia is 1 to 14 days; most human infections become apparent after three to five days. In most susceptible mammals, the clinical signs include
4751:
3037:
2074:
2685:
1664:
Francisella tularensis (Tularemia) In J. E. Bennett, R. Dolin, & M. J. Blaser (Eds.), Mandell, Douglas, and
Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases
775:
and at least three more cases in early 2015, including one death as a result of lawn mowing, as noted above. In the summer of 2015, a popular hiking area just north of
2799:
1513:
Inouye W, Oltean HN, McMillan M, Schnitzler H, Lipton B, Peterson JM, DuVernois S, Snekvik K, Wolking RM, Petersen J, Dietric, EA, Respicio-Kingry L, Morrow G (2024).
1257:
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can confuse interpretation of the results, so diagnosis should not rely only on serology. Molecular methods such as PCR are available in reference laboratories.
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5253:
2103:
2039:
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6245:
5832:
2370:
2268:
805:
618:
5340:
1906:
3158:
3153:
2694:
5350:
5246:
394:, and thus is able to evade the immune system. The course of disease involves the spread of the organism to multiple organ systems, including the
2148:
Whipp MJ; Davis JM; Lum G; et al. (2003). "Characterization of a novicida-like subspecies of
Francisella tularensis isolated in Australia".
5625:
3148:
68:
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1671:
1430:
1280:
947:
922:
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1945:
1398:
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5743:
5305:
4022:
2743:
968:
489:
4943:
2243:
6193:
5538:
792:
383:
5725:
3448:
1200:
2135:
6151:
5889:
5748:
5651:
4818:
3576:
3219:
3138:
3102:
3042:
2859:
2789:
2429:
1391:"Tularemia: Current, comprehensive information on pathogenesis, microbiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis"
533:
was previously used. Gentamicin may be easier to obtain than streptomycin. There is also tentative evidence to support the use of
6306:
5559:
5546:
4012:
2671:
1971:"Health Officials Vigilant for Illness After Sensors Detect Bacteria on Mall: Agent Found as Protests Drew Thousands of Visitors"
1732:
625:. For a time, Martha's Vineyard was identified as the only place in the world where documented cases of tularemia resulted from
6057:
5633:
4814:
4017:
3558:
2444:
2150:
2085:
1865:
4680:
5798:
5620:
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4822:
3590:
2500:
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1007:
5902:
5822:
5768:
3406:
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861:
it has comparatively low lethality, which is useful where enemy soldiers are in proximity to noncombatants, e.g. civilians
242:, wearing long pants, rapidly removing ticks, and not disturbing dead animals. Treatment is typically with the antibiotic
2233:
McCoy GW, Chapin CW. Bacterium tularense, the cause of a plaguelike disease of rodents. Public Health Bull 1912;53:17–23.
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6296:
6210:
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5363:
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4576:
3900:
3336:
1970:
545:
Since the discovery of antibiotics, the rate of death associated with tularemia has decreased from 60% to less than 4%.
6286:
6230:
5851:
5763:
4888:
4837:
4237:
4231:
3847:
2764:
2327:
2322:
374:). Tularemia is not spread directly from person to person. Humans can also be infected through bioterrorism attempts.
571:
In Europe, tularemia is generally rare, though outbreaks with hundreds of cases occur every few years in neighboring
6250:
6052:
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2814:
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2572:
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4415:
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Sjöstedt A (June 2007). "Tularemia: history, epidemiology, pathogen physiology, and clinical manifestations".
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100:
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3966:
3792:
3763:
3570:
3330:
3284:
3133:
3062:
2996:
2976:
2111:
1273:
Manual of standards for diagnostic tests and vaccines: lists A and B diseases of mammals, birds and bees
1251:
1216:
Plourde PJ, Embree J, Friesen F, Lindsay G, Williams T; Embree; Friesen; Lindsay; Williams (June 1992).
648:
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4094:
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2900:
2379:
1932:
Tularemia
Outbreak Investigation in Kosovo: Case Control and Environmental Studies. Emerg Infect Dis.
821:
610:
534:
1934:-Reintjes R, Dedushaj I, Gjini A, Jorgensen TR, Cotter B, Lieftucht A, et al. - Retrieved 3 Jan 2012
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2728:
2403:
2216:
1724:
1635:
1304:
830:
813:
765:
603:
287:
192:
75:
764:. However, the causative organism was documented to have been isolated from a foot wound in the
2247:
1907:"Lafayette resident contracts tularemia after mowing lawn, dies of other medical complications"
1295:
Peace or
Pestilence? Biological Warfare and How to Avoid It (1949), New York City: McGraw-Hill.
6291:
6198:
5878:
5589:
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2013:
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1627:
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1190:
1044:
943:
918:
776:
703:
463:
458:
232:
123:
117:
63:
2536:
6235:
6156:
5970:
5938:
5154:
5140:
5047:
4652:
4567:
4358:
4205:
4192:
4007:
3624:
3606:
3513:
3472:
3400:
3270:
3123:
2945:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2387:
2336:
2295:
2198:
2159:
1931:
1874:
1831:
1823:
1792:
1708:
1611:
1542:
1526:
1466:
1362:
1354:
1229:
667:
557:, including North America and parts of Europe and Asia. It occurs between 30° and 71° north
407:
391:
239:
133:
2663:
358:
6129:
6017:
5841:
5773:
5680:
5500:
5379:
4920:
4602:
4523:
4477:
4382:
4322:
4257:
4199:
4168:
4160:
3863:
3833:
3827:
3710:
3539:
3290:
3021:
2774:
2490:
2448:
1975:
1515:"Tularemia Associated with Harbor Seal Necropsy — Kitsap County, Washington, October 2023"
1343:"Multifaceted effects of Francisella tularensis on human neutrophil function and lifespan"
733:
infesting the region. Another outbreak had taken place ten years before in the same area.
588:
564:
In the United States, although records show that tularemia was never particularly common,
213:
88:
1757:
2383:
1562:
1547:
1134:
6255:
6134:
6037:
5867:
5733:
5675:
5660:
5520:
5451:
5161:
5017:
4852:
4736:
4702:
4352:
4346:
4209:
4105:
4062:
3957:
3478:
3245:
3215:
2819:
1836:
1811:
1693:
1367:
1342:
1234:
1217:
599:
595:
345:
308:
294:, and possibly death. Nonhuman mammals rarely develop the skin lesions seen in people.
1514:
1163:
1108:
1073:
6270:
6215:
6032:
5928:
5884:
5569:
5368:
5326:
4933:
4898:
4792:
4698:
4614:
4441:
4396:
4137:
4129:
3972:
3739:
3650:
3310:
3276:
3251:
3236:
2991:
2981:
2485:
2465:
Eldredge, Debra M.; Carlson, Delbert G.; Carlson, Liisa D.; Giffin, James M. (2008).
2220:
2021:
881:
820:, has alleged that an outbreak of tularemia among German soldiers shortly before the
718:
forces, chemical and bacteriological weapons may have been dropped on these islands.
707:
695:
663:
614:
591:
439:
382:
can live both within and outside the cells of the animal it infects, meaning it is a
255:
158:
2566:
2441:
2407:
6220:
6146:
6042:
5814:
5705:
5685:
5490:
5404:
5180:
4928:
4883:
4832:
4810:
4800:
4694:
4468:
3947:
3675:
3615:
3562:
3547:
3492:
3072:
3067:
3052:
3047:
2940:
2895:
2890:
2880:
2864:
2784:
2623:
1949:
1911:
1728:
1639:
1494:
Jellison WL, Owen C, Bell JF, Kohls GM (1961). "Tularemia and animal populations".
877:
866:
848:
it is highly infective; between 10 and 50 bacteria are sufficient to infect victims
838:
779:
was identified as a site of animal infection and signs were posted to warn hikers.
676:
522:
243:
146:
507:
also under investigation, however research has not reached a state of public use.
2577:
2203:
637:, which was also connected to lawn mowing, highlighting this new vector of risk.
6225:
5933:
5827:
5793:
5783:
5615:
5425:
5395:
5101:
4870:
4268:
4223:
4174:
3878:
3630:
3016:
2829:
2809:
2804:
2779:
2718:
2626:
2607:
2341:
2026:
737:
706:. The last outbreak was in 2006. The disease is also endemic on the uninhabited
626:
530:
433:
251:
209:
154:
2629:
2588:
2186:
865:
The Schu S4 strain was standardized as "Agent UL" for use in the United States
341:
266:, where the disease was discovered in 1911. A number of other animals, such as
50:
6113:
6108:
5436:
5386:
5359:
5001:
3642:
3077:
2844:
2635:
1615:
817:
526:
519:
387:
300:
247:
150:
141:
84:
44:
Tularaemia, Pahvant Valley plague, rabbit fever, deer fly fever, Ohara's fever
17:
2299:
1712:
1666:(8th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 2590–2602.
1623:
1538:
1189:
Hagan, William Arthur; Bruner, Dorsey
William; Timoney, John Francis (1988).
6103:
5948:
5818:
5286:
5065:
4308:
3976:
3917:
3798:
2935:
2930:
2748:
2618:
2551:
2391:
1530:
1275:. Paris, France: Office international des épizooties. pp. 494–6, 1394.
741:
427:
419:
217:
196:
165:
2399:
2354:
2350:
2307:
2212:
2171:
1888:
1845:
1827:
1773:
1720:
1631:
1376:
1015:
2323:"Tularemia, Biological Warfare, and the Battle for Stalingrad (1942-1943)"
2163:
1480:
1471:
1454:
1243:
617:, resulted in one fatality, and brought the interest of the United States
6188:
6139:
6002:
5997:
5846:
5335:
5310:
5238:
3892:
2849:
2794:
2713:
2646:
2640:
1879:
1860:
1602:
Putzova, D; Senitkova, I; Stulik, J (19 May 2016). "Tularemia vaccines".
1014:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 15 May 2024. Archived from
834:
772:
757:
671:
558:
494:
330:
228:
136:, wearing long pants, rapidly removing ticks, not disturbing dead animals
109:
2284:"Tularemia as a biological weapon: medical and public health management"
2020:, an outbreak of tularemia occurred in the village of Zemo Rene east of
1796:
6168:
6079:
6007:
5923:
5510:
4483:
4429:
3783:
3748:
2723:
2708:
852:
711:
699:
683:
572:
2519:
1358:
6163:
5130:
3261:
2854:
2546:
2531:
2504:
1422:
Handbook of
Zoonoses: Bacterial, rickettsial, chlamydial, and mycotic
715:
641:
576:
518:
If infection occurs or is suspected, treatment is generally with the
450:
445:
403:
291:
267:
1588:
http://www.archivesofpathology.org/doi/pdf/10.5858/arpa.2010-0581-OA
670:, the morning after an antiwar demonstration on September 24, 2005.
594:, a disease believed to probably be Tularemia spread throughout the
6022:
2834:
745:
722:
399:
357:
340:
283:
205:
80:
1861:"An outbreak of primary pneumonic tularemia on Martha's Vineyard"
1859:
Feldman KA, Enscore RE, Lathrop SL, et al. (November 2001).
1317:
1218:"Glandular tularemia with typhoidal features in a Manitoba child"
913:
Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007).
27:
Infectious disease caused by the bacterium
Francisella tularensis
6091:
6012:
3504:
3463:
1810:
Desvars A, Furberg M, Hjertqvist M, et al. (January 2015).
730:
454:
395:
326:
224:
105:
5242:
4740:
3188:
2667:
2282:
Dennis DT, Inglesby TV, Henderson DA, et al. (June 2001).
880:, which took place from November 1966 to February 1967 in the
749:
2453:
Office of the
Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs)
876:(identified by the codes TT and ZZ) were examined during the
1812:"Epidemiology and ecology of tularemia in Sweden, 1984–2012"
2138:
Australian Broadcasting Corporation - Retrieved 4 Nov 2011.
2042:
Human Impact on Groundwater Management in Northern Estonia.
771:
In 2014, at least five cases of tularemia were reported in
1900:
1898:
621:(CDC) as a potential investigative ground for aerosolised
311:). Lymph node involvement is accompanied by a high fever.
2422:
Science and Technology of Terrorism and Counterterrorism.
1756:
Hayes E, Marshall S, Dennis D, et al. (March 2002).
655:, after apparently failing to follow safety procedures.
602:, and its use in repelling an invasion was the first in
841:
program. It was viewed as an attractive agent because:
851:
it is nonpersistent and easy to decontaminate (unlike
609:
From May to October 2000, an outbreak of tularemia in
2420:
Kanti Ghosh, Tushar, Prelas, Mark, Viswanath, Dabir:
2077:
Diagnóstico de un brote de tularemia en Castilla-León
1946:"City tells BU to bolster safety of its medical labs"
2509:
1694:"Tularemia: current diagnosis and treatment options"
1419:
George W. Beran; James H. Steele (22 October 1994).
651:, in Massachusetts, were accidentally infected with
6070:
5990:
5969:
5860:
5807:
5668:
5659:
5650:
5603:
5459:
5450:
5418:
5393:
5377:
5324:
5294:
5285:
5276:
5214:
5178:
5128:
5099:
5063:
5056:
5040:
5010:
4992:
4919:
4897:
4869:
4791:
4782:
4775:
4660:
4651:
4613:
4586:
4566:
4522:
4467:
4440:
4395:
4369:
4333:
4265:
4256:
4148:
4113:
4104:
4061:
3956:
3941:
3932:
3862:
3809:
3782:
3747:
3738:
3729:
3641:
3614:
3605:
3538:
3503:
3462:
3320:
3309:
3260:
3244:
3235:
3226:
3116:
3030:
2954:
2873:
2757:
2701:
2598:
2513:
940:
Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology
174:
164:
140:
129:
116:
94:
74:
62:
40:
35:
2104:"Researchers Warn of Tularemia In Area Feral Hogs"
2003:des Robert Koch-Instituts Nr. 50 16. Dezember 2005
418:The most common way the disease is spread is via
58:A tularemia lesion on the back of the right hand
858:it is highly incapacitating to infected persons
2185:Tärnvik, A.; Berglund, L. (February 1, 2003).
1687:
1685:
1683:
938:James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G. (2006).
787:The tularemia bacterium was first isolated by
721:In July 2007, an outbreak was reported in the
5254:
4752:
3200:
2679:
1271:Office international des épizooties. (2000).
1002:
1000:
998:
996:
994:
992:
990:
8:
1256:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1158:
1156:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1068:
1066:
963:
961:
959:
760:. Reports claimed it to be the first in the
4974:Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
736:In January 2011, researchers searching for
6246:Recurrent toxin-mediated perineal erythema
5665:
5656:
5532:Mycobacterium avium–intracellulare complex
5456:
5291:
5282:
5261:
5247:
5239:
5060:
4788:
4779:
4759:
4745:
4737:
4657:
4262:
4110:
3953:
3938:
3744:
3735:
3611:
3317:
3257:
3241:
3232:
3207:
3193:
3185:
2686:
2672:
2664:
2510:
2371:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1567:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1519:MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
908:
906:
806:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
619:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
49:
32:
5341:Cutaneous group B streptococcal infection
2340:
2202:
1878:
1835:
1546:
1470:
1366:
1341:Kinkead, LC; Allen, LA (September 2016).
1233:
1195:. Cornell University Press. p. 132.
2695:United States biological weapons program
2494:) is being considered for deletion. See
2455:, Deployment Health Support Directorate.
2136:Biological war disease found in Tasmania
1701:Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy
1692:Hepburn, MJ; Simpson, AJ (April 2008).
1597:
1595:
902:
216:. Occasionally, a form that results in
6277:Bacterium-related cutaneous conditions
2267:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2260:
1249:
5565:Rapid growing mycobacterium infection
5028:Southern tick-associated rash illness
4373:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
2321:Croddy E, Krcalova S (October 2001).
1758:"Tularemia--United States, 1990-2000"
640:An outbreak of tularemia occurred in
629:. However, in May 2015 a resident of
333:, and contact with infected animals.
223:The bacterium is typically spread by
7:
5744:Human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis
5306:Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
3758:Neisseria meningitidis/meningococcus
2467:Cat Owner's Home Veterinary Handbook
1789:Epidemiology of tularemia in Finland
490:buffered charcoal yeast extract agar
319:Tularemia is caused by the bacteria
6194:Chronic undermining burrowing ulcer
2018:National Center for Disease Control
1045:"Diagnosis and Treatment Tularemia"
793:United States Public Health Service
384:facultative intracellular bacterium
3220:Gram-negative bacterial infections
3144:Korean War bio-warfare allegations
942:. Saunders Elsevier. p. 286.
756:In November 2011, it was found in
25:
6152:Superficial pustular folliculitis
5749:Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis
3577:Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis
3139:Soviet biological weapons program
3103:Plum Island Animal Disease Center
3038:U.S. Army Biological Warfare Labs
2498:to help reach a consensus. ›
2029:(2005) and Ruisi (1997 and 1998).
682:In 2005, an outbreak occurred in
220:or a throat infection may occur.
5560:Primary inoculation tuberculosis
3793:Neisseria gonorrhoeae/gonococcus
3768:Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome
2223:– via erj.ersjournals.com.
2102:Davis, John (January 25, 2011).
2001:Epidemiologisches Bulletin (pdf)
1905:Byars, Mitchell (May 28, 2015).
553:Tularemia is most common in the
112:, contact with infected animals)
6058:Gram-negative toe web infection
5634:Group JK corynebacterium sepsis
4944:Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever
3559:Human granulocytic anaplasmosis
3159:U.S. biological defense program
3154:U.S. biological weapons program
2151:Journal of Medical Microbiology
1866:New England Journal of Medicine
1738:from the original on 2013-12-19
867:M143 bursting spherical bomblet
714:. Used for bombing practice by
488:requires special media such as
5799:Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection
5621:Cutaneous diphtheria infection
5575:Tuberculosis cutis orificialis
5486:Borderline tuberculoid leprosy
5476:Borderline lepromatous leprosy
4954:Kemerovo tickborne viral fever
3591:Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection
969:"Signs and Symptoms Tularemia"
647:In 2004, three researchers at
484:The laboratorial isolation of
371:
1:
5823:Primary gonococcal dermatitis
5769:Flinders Island spotted fever
3407:Flinders Island spotted fever
3093:One-Million-Liter Test Sphere
1305:"WHO Guidelines on Tularemia"
325:which is typically spread by
170:Generally good with treatment
6211:Blistering distal dactylitis
5739:Rocky Mountain spotted fever
5627:Arcanobacterium haemolyticum
5580:Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis
5364:Chronic recurrent erysipelas
4858:Rocky Mountain spotted fever
4577:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
3901:Burkholderia cepacia complex
3337:Rocky Mountain spotted fever
2204:10.1183/09031936.03.00088903
2191:European Respiratory Journal
1787:Rossow, Heidi (2015-10-09).
1425:. CRC Press. pp. 117–.
729:and traced to the plague of
6282:Zoonotic bacterial diseases
6231:Blastomycosis-like pyoderma
5852:Chromobacteriosis infection
5764:Mediterranean spotted fever
4889:Relapsing fever borreliosis
4838:Spotted fever rickettsiosis
4238:Far East scarlet-like fever
4232:Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
3848:Chromobacteriosis infection
3088:Horn Island Testing Station
1455:"The ecology of tularaemia"
6328:
6251:Tick-borne lymphadenopathy
6053:Gram-negative folliculitis
2424:CRC Press, 2002. Page 97.
1791:. University of Helsinki.
1453:Mörner T (December 1992).
872:Both wet and dry types of
824:was due to the release of
710:off the northern coast of
658:In 2005, small amounts of
5555:Papulonecrotic tuberculid
5540:Mycobacterium haemophilum
4879:Baggio–Yoshinari syndrome
4038:Hemolytic-uremic syndrome
3873:Burkholderia pseudomallei
3842:Chromobacterium violaceum
3772:Meningococcal septicaemia
3553:Anaplasma phagocytophilum
3169:War Bureau of Consultants
3083:Granite Peak Installation
2342:10.1093/milmed/166.10.837
1616:10.1007/s12223-016-0461-z
915:Dermatology: 2-Volume Set
425:. Ticks involved include
264:Tulare County, California
57:
48:
6048:Lymphogranuloma venereum
5754:Flea-borne spotted fever
5727:Rickettsia aeschlimannii
5721:American tick bite fever
5431:Erysipeloid of Rosenbach
5346:Streptococcal intertrigo
5223:Rhipicephalus sanguineus
4848:American tick bite fever
4843:Pacific Coast tick fever
4513:Plesiomonas shigelloides
4295:Brazilian purpuric fever
3912:Bordetella parapertussis
3701:Bartonella bacilliformis
3520:Flea-borne spotted fever
3450:Rickettsia aeschlimannii
3443:Rickettsia aeschlimannii
3435:American tick bite fever
2496:templates for discussion
2300:10.1001/jama.285.21.2763
1768:(JULIOes=181–4): 181–4.
1713:10.1586/14787210.6.2.231
1563:"Tularemia Transmission"
1135:"Transmission Tularemia"
893:as relapses are common.
845:it is easy to aerosolize
633:, died from aerosolised
303:, which enlarge and may
270:, may also be infected.
178:~200 cases per year (US)
6307:Sheep and goat diseases
6179:Trichomycosis axillaris
5716:African tick bite fever
5691:North Asian tick typhus
5611:Cutaneous actinomycosis
4984:Tick-borne encephalitis
4959:Kyasanur Forest disease
4681:Guillain–Barré syndrome
4597:Cardiobacterium hominis
4557:Acinetobacter baumannii
4499:Vibrio parahaemolyticus
4218:Yersinia enterocolitica
3985:Klebsiella granulomatis
3421:African tick bite fever
3379:North Asian tick typhus
2392:10.1196/annals.1409.009
1969:Dvorak P (2005-10-02).
1531:10.15585/mmwr.mm73333a3
386:. It primarily infects
238:Prevention is by using
204:. Symptoms may include
5891:Haemophilus influenzae
5835:Pasteurella hemolytica
5759:Japanese spotted fever
5711:Bacillary angiomatosis
5701:Flying squirrel typhus
5696:Queensland tick typhus
5585:Tuberculous cellulitis
5548:Mycobacterium kansasii
5270:Bacterial skin disease
5119:Dermacentor variabilis
4964:Omsk hemorrhagic fever
4533:Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4451:Francisella tularensis
4410:Legionella longbeachae
4406:Legionella pneumophila
4048:Enterobacter aerogenes
3693:Bacillary angiomatosis
3487:Orientia tsutsugamushi
3393:Queensland tick typhus
3365:Japanese spotted fever
3299:Flying squirrel typhus
2955:Operations and testing
2926:Flettner rotor bomblet
2442:Fact Sheet - Red Cloud
2012:According to staff at
1944:Smith S (2005-03-29).
1828:10.3201/eid2101.140916
1164:"Clinicians Tularemia"
1109:"Statistics Tularemia"
1074:"Prevention Tularemia"
837:, an extension of the
623:Francisella tularensis
379:Francisella tularensis
366:
364:Francisella tularensis
355:
351:Francisella tularensis
322:Francisella tularensis
296:Subclinical infections
235:of the infected site.
201:Francisella tularensis
101:Francisella tularensis
6206:Elephantiasis nostras
6184:Necrotizing fasciitis
6097:Hospital furunculosis
5779:Brill–Zinsser disease
5410:Dermatitis gangrenosa
5112:Dermacentor andersoni
5090:Amblyomma triguttatum
4969:Powassan encephalitis
4550:Moraxella catarrhalis
4416:Legionnaires' disease
4337:Pasteurella multocida
3967:Klebsiella pneumoniae
3764:Meningococcal disease
3571:Ehrlichia chaffeensis
3331:Rickettsia rickettsii
3295:Brill–Zinsser disease
3285:Rickettsia prowazekii
3134:Entomological warfare
3063:Dugway Proving Ground
2997:Operation Magic Sword
2977:Operation Dark Winter
2164:10.1099/jmm.0.05245-0
2112:Texas Tech University
1472:10.20506/rst.11.4.657
1347:Immunological Reviews
725:autonomous region of
662:were detected in the
649:Boston Medical Center
535:quinolone antibiotics
361:
344:
6241:Chronic lymphangitis
5910:Hot tub folliculitis
5899:Pseudomonal pyoderma
5526:Miliary tuberculosis
5516:Lichen scrofulosorum
5316:Toxic shock syndrome
5205:Ornithodoros moubata
5191:Ornithodoros gurneyi
5083:Amblyomma cajennense
5076:Amblyomma americanum
4994:Protozoan infections
4979:Tete orthobunyavirus
4949:Heartland bandavirus
4819:Human monocytotropic
4784:Bacterial infections
4711:Helicobacter cinaedi
4671:Campylobacter jejuni
4624:Aeromonas hydrophila
4506:Vibrio alginolyticus
4157:Shigella dysenteriae
4095:Citrobacter freundii
4052:Enterobacter cloacae
3908:Bordetella pertussis
3387:Rickettsia australis
3174:War Research Service
3164:U.S. bio-weapons ban
2901:E48 particulate bomb
2469:. Howell Book House.
1880:10.1056/NEJMoa011374
1604:Folia Microbiologica
917:. St. Louis: Mosby.
822:Battle of Stalingrad
214:enlarged lymph nodes
6312:Atypical pneumonias
6297:Tick-borne diseases
6130:Acute lymphadenitis
6123:Perianal cellulitis
6118:Pyogenic paronychia
6028:Chlamydia infection
5944:Granuloma inguinale
5918:Green nail syndrome
5914:Ecthyma gangrenosum
5789:Cat-scratch disease
5595:Tuberculoid leprosy
5506:Lepromatous leprosy
5353:Streptococcus iniae
5198:Ornithodoros hermsi
4939:Colorado tick fever
4768:Tick-borne diseases
4689:Helicobacter pylori
4179:Bacillary dysentery
4124:Salmonella enterica
4072:Serratia marcescens
3991:Granuloma inguinale
3887:Burkholderia mallei
3822:Eikenella corrodens
3670:Bartonella quintana
3662:Cat-scratch disease
3656:Bartonella henselae
3373:Rickettsia sibirica
3359:Rickettsia japonica
3108:Vigo Ordnance Plant
3058:Deseret Test Center
3012:Operation Whitecoat
3007:Operation Polka Dot
2987:Operation Drop Kick
2962:Operation Sea-Spray
2384:2007NYASA1105....1S
1662:Penn, R.L. (2014).
762:Southern Hemisphere
631:Lafayette, Colorado
555:Northern Hemisphere
362:Another culture of
6287:Biological weapons
6174:Pitted keratolysis
6085:Periapical abscess
5496:Erythema induratum
5481:Borderline leprosy
5471:Aquarium granuloma
4815:Human granulocytic
4677:Campylobacteriosis
4588:Cardiobacteriaceae
4089:Citrobacter koseri
3999:Klebsiella oxytoca
3429:Rickettsia parkeri
3415:Rickettsia africae
3345:Rickettsia conorii
3129:Biological warfare
3098:Pine Bluff Arsenal
2972:Operation Big Itch
2967:Operation Big Buzz
2729:Enterotoxin type B
2599:External resources
2447:2009-03-09 at the
1569:. October 26, 2015
874:F. tularensis
831:Pine Bluff Arsenal
826:F. tularensis
814:biological warfare
810:F. tularensis
766:Northern Territory
660:F. tularensis
653:F. tularensis
635:F. tularensis
604:biological warfare
486:F. tularensis
367:
356:
274:Signs and symptoms
258:may also be used.
193:infectious disease
69:Infectious disease
6264:
6263:
6199:Fournier gangrene
6066:
6065:
5965:
5964:
5906:hot-foot syndrome
5879:Vibrio vulnificus
5646:
5645:
5642:
5641:
5590:Tuberculous gumma
5446:
5445:
5236:
5235:
5232:
5231:
5169:Ixodes scapularis
5148:Ixodes holocyclus
5057:Species and bites
5036:
5035:
5023:Alpha-gal allergy
4915:
4914:
4806:Boutonneuse fever
4734:
4733:
4730:
4729:
4662:Campylobacterales
4647:
4646:
4628:Aeromonas veronii
4492:Vibrio vulnificus
4424:Coxiella burnetii
4391:
4390:
4317:H. parainfluenzae
4252:
4251:
4248:
4247:
4187:Proteus mirabilis
4134:Paratyphoid fever
4023:Enterohemorrhagic
3943:Enterobacteriales
3928:
3927:
3858:
3857:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3707:Carrion's disease
3601:
3600:
3585:Ehrlichia ewingii
3534:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3351:Boutonneuse fever
3182:
3181:
3002:Operation May Day
2886:E133 cluster bomb
2758:Researched agents
2702:Weaponized agents
2661:
2660:
2328:Military Medicine
2091:on March 9, 2009.
1673:978-1-4557-4801-3
1432:978-0-8493-3205-0
1359:10.1111/imr.12445
1318:"Tularemia | CDC"
1282:978-92-9044-510-4
1018:on 23 August 2024
949:978-0-7216-2921-6
924:978-1-4160-2999-1
878:"Red Cloud" tests
800:Biological weapon
677:bioterror attempt
672:Biohazard sensors
611:Martha's Vineyard
464:Chrysops discalis
182:
181:
124:microbial culture
118:Diagnostic method
89:large lymph nodes
30:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
6319:
6236:Bullous impetigo
6157:Sycosis vulgaris
5971:Campylobacterota
5920:
5666:
5657:
5457:
5292:
5283:
5263:
5256:
5249:
5240:
5155:Ixodes pacificus
5141:Ixodes cornuatus
5061:
5048:Tick infestation
4921:Viral infections
4789:
4780:
4770:and infestations
4761:
4754:
4747:
4738:
4658:
4568:Xanthomonadaceae
4376:
4359:Actinobacillosis
4340:
4273:
4263:
4193:Proteus vulgaris
4111:
4008:Escherichia coli
3954:
3939:
3814:
3745:
3736:
3625:Brucella abortus
3612:
3607:Hyphomicrobiales
3514:Rickettsia felis
3473:Rickettsia akari
3401:Rickettsia honei
3318:
3271:Rickettsia typhi
3258:
3242:
3233:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3186:
3124:Biological agent
2946:M33 cluster bomb
2921:E96 cluster bomb
2916:E86 cluster bomb
2911:E77 balloon bomb
2688:
2681:
2674:
2665:
2511:
2471:
2470:
2462:
2456:
2438:
2432:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2353:. Archived from
2344:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2266:
2258:
2256:
2255:
2246:. Archived from
2240:
2234:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2206:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2158:(Pt 9): 839–42.
2145:
2139:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2114:. Archived from
2108:Texas Tech Today
2099:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2084:. Archived from
2083:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2061:
2055:
2049:. Archived from
2048:
2036:
2030:
2010:
2004:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1941:
1935:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1902:
1893:
1892:
1882:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1839:
1816:Emerg Infect Dis
1807:
1801:
1800:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1737:
1698:
1689:
1678:
1677:
1659:
1644:
1643:
1599:
1590:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1474:
1450:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1397:. Archived from
1387:
1381:
1380:
1370:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1328:
1314:
1308:
1302:
1296:
1293:
1287:
1286:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1255:
1247:
1237:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1170:. September 2016
1160:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1105:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1070:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1041:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1004:
985:
984:
982:
980:
965:
954:
953:
935:
929:
928:
910:
727:Castile and León
668:Washington, D.C.
408:lymphatic system
392:white blood cell
348:culture showing
288:loss of appetite
240:insect repellent
187:, also known as
134:Insect repellent
53:
33:
21:
6327:
6326:
6322:
6321:
6320:
6318:
6317:
6316:
6302:Rabbit diseases
6267:
6266:
6265:
6260:
6072:
6062:
5986:
5961:
5897:
5856:
5842:Meningococcemia
5803:
5774:Verruga peruana
5681:Epidemic typhus
5638:
5599:
5501:Histoid leprosy
5462:
5442:
5414:
5389:
5380:Corynebacterium
5373:
5320:
5272:
5267:
5237:
5228:
5210:
5174:
5124:
5095:
5052:
5032:
5006:
4988:
4911:
4893:
4865:
4771:
4765:
4735:
4726:
4643:
4609:
4582:
4562:
4524:Pseudomonadales
4518:
4478:Vibrio cholerae
4463:
4436:
4387:
4370:
4365:
4334:
4329:
4266:
4244:
4200:Yersinia pestis
4144:
4100:
4057:
4013:Enterotoxigenic
3945:
3924:
3864:Burkholderiales
3854:
3828:Kingella kingae
3810:
3805:
3778:
3717:
3711:Verruga peruana
3637:
3597:
3540:Anaplasmataceae
3526:
3499:
3458:
3312:
3305:
3291:Epidemic typhus
3249:
3222:
3213:
3183:
3178:
3112:
3026:
3022:Project Bacchus
2950:
2869:
2753:
2749:Wheat stem rust
2697:
2692:
2662:
2657:
2656:
2594:
2593:
2522:
2499:
2480:
2475:
2474:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2449:Wayback Machine
2439:
2435:
2419:
2415:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2335:(10): 837–838.
2320:
2319:
2315:
2294:(21): 2763–73.
2281:
2280:
2276:
2259:
2253:
2251:
2244:"Archived copy"
2242:
2241:
2237:
2232:
2228:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2134:
2130:
2121:
2119:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2088:
2081:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2046:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2011:
2007:
1999:
1995:
1982:
1980:
1976:Washington Post
1968:
1967:
1963:
1954:
1952:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1930:
1926:
1917:
1915:
1904:
1903:
1896:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1741:
1739:
1735:
1696:
1691:
1690:
1681:
1674:
1661:
1660:
1647:
1601:
1600:
1593:
1585:
1581:
1572:
1570:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1525:(33): 731–732.
1512:
1511:
1507:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1404:
1402:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1326:
1324:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1290:
1283:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1248:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1203:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1173:
1171:
1162:
1161:
1154:
1144:
1142:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1118:
1116:
1115:. November 2016
1107:
1106:
1093:
1083:
1081:
1072:
1071:
1064:
1054:
1052:
1043:
1042:
1031:
1021:
1019:
1006:
1005:
988:
978:
976:
967:
966:
957:
950:
937:
936:
932:
925:
912:
911:
904:
899:
890:
802:
785:
744:populations in
598:, known as the
585:
566:incidence rates
551:
543:
516:
504:
478:
473:
459:reservoir hosts
457:often serve as
453:, rabbits, and
416:
339:
317:
276:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6325:
6323:
6315:
6314:
6309:
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6269:
6268:
6262:
6261:
6259:
6258:
6256:Tropical ulcer
6253:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6202:
6201:
6196:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6161:
6160:
6159:
6154:
6143:
6142:
6137:
6135:Pilonidal cyst
6132:
6127:
6126:
6125:
6120:
6106:
6101:
6100:
6099:
6089:
6088:
6087:
6076:
6074:
6068:
6067:
6064:
6063:
6061:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6038:Rat-bite fever
6035:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6015:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5994:
5992:
5988:
5987:
5985:
5984:
5975:
5973:
5967:
5966:
5963:
5962:
5960:
5959:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5895:
5887:
5882:
5875:
5870:
5868:Pasteurellosis
5864:
5862:
5858:
5857:
5855:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5830:
5825:
5811:
5809:
5805:
5804:
5802:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5734:Rickettsialpox
5731:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5676:Endemic typhus
5672:
5670:
5663:
5661:Pseudomonadota
5654:
5648:
5647:
5644:
5643:
5640:
5639:
5637:
5636:
5631:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5607:
5605:
5601:
5600:
5598:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5544:
5536:
5528:
5523:
5521:Lupus vulgaris
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5467:
5465:
5461:Mycobacterium-
5454:
5452:Actinomycetota
5448:
5447:
5444:
5443:
5441:
5440:
5433:
5428:
5422:
5420:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5412:
5407:
5401:
5399:
5391:
5390:
5385:
5383:
5375:
5374:
5372:
5371:
5366:
5357:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5332:
5330:
5322:
5321:
5319:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5302:
5300:
5297:Staphylococcus
5289:
5280:
5274:
5273:
5268:
5266:
5265:
5258:
5251:
5243:
5234:
5233:
5230:
5229:
5227:
5226:
5218:
5216:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5208:
5201:
5194:
5186:
5184:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5172:
5165:
5162:Ixodes ricinus
5158:
5151:
5144:
5136:
5134:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5122:
5115:
5107:
5105:
5097:
5096:
5094:
5093:
5086:
5079:
5071:
5069:
5058:
5054:
5053:
5051:
5050:
5044:
5042:
5038:
5037:
5034:
5033:
5031:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5018:Tick paralysis
5014:
5012:
5011:Other diseases
5008:
5007:
5005:
5004:
4998:
4996:
4990:
4989:
4987:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4925:
4923:
4917:
4916:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4909:
4903:
4901:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4875:
4873:
4867:
4866:
4864:
4863:
4862:
4861:
4855:
4853:rickettsialpox
4850:
4845:
4835:
4830:
4808:
4803:
4797:
4795:
4786:
4777:
4773:
4772:
4766:
4764:
4763:
4756:
4749:
4741:
4732:
4731:
4728:
4727:
4725:
4724:
4723:
4722:
4707:
4706:
4705:
4703:Gastric cancer
4685:
4684:
4683:
4666:
4664:
4655:
4649:
4648:
4645:
4644:
4642:
4641:
4640:
4639:
4619:
4617:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4606:
4605:
4592:
4590:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4572:
4570:
4564:
4563:
4561:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4545:
4544:
4528:
4526:
4520:
4519:
4517:
4516:
4509:
4502:
4495:
4488:
4487:
4486:
4473:
4471:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4461:
4460:
4459:
4446:
4444:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4434:
4433:
4432:
4420:
4419:
4418:
4401:
4399:
4393:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4379:
4377:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4363:
4362:
4361:
4353:Actinobacillus
4349:
4347:Pasteurellosis
4343:
4341:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4326:
4325:
4313:
4312:
4311:
4299:
4298:
4297:
4292:
4276:
4274:
4260:
4258:Pasteurellales
4254:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4240:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4210:Bubonic plague
4196:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4152:
4150:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4142:
4141:
4140:
4119:
4117:
4108:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4085:
4084:
4083:
4067:
4065:
4059:
4058:
4056:
4055:
4043:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4018:Enteroinvasive
4015:
4003:
4002:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3981:
3980:
3979:
3962:
3960:
3951:
3936:
3930:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3904:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3883:
3882:
3881:
3868:
3866:
3860:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3851:
3850:
3838:
3837:
3836:
3817:
3815:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3788:
3786:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3776:
3775:
3774:
3753:
3751:
3742:
3733:
3727:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3715:
3714:
3713:
3697:
3696:
3695:
3680:
3679:
3678:
3666:
3665:
3664:
3647:
3645:
3643:Bartonellaceae
3639:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3620:
3618:
3609:
3603:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3596:
3595:
3594:
3593:
3581:
3580:
3579:
3567:
3566:
3565:
3544:
3542:
3536:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3509:
3507:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3496:
3495:
3483:
3482:
3481:
3479:Rickettsialpox
3468:
3466:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3439:
3438:
3437:
3425:
3424:
3423:
3411:
3410:
3409:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3383:
3382:
3381:
3369:
3368:
3367:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3326:
3324:
3315:
3307:
3306:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3266:
3264:
3255:
3246:Rickettsiaceae
3239:
3230:
3224:
3223:
3216:Pseudomonadota
3214:
3212:
3211:
3204:
3197:
3189:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3149:List of topics
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3120:
3118:
3117:Related topics
3114:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3034:
3032:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2877:
2875:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2705:
2703:
2699:
2698:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2668:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2643:
2632:
2615:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2580:
2569:
2554:
2539:
2523:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:Classification
2508:
2507:
2483:
2479:
2478:External links
2476:
2473:
2472:
2457:
2433:
2413:
2360:
2357:on 2012-04-02.
2313:
2274:
2235:
2226:
2197:(2): 361–373.
2177:
2140:
2128:
2094:
2066:
2031:
2005:
1993:
1961:
1936:
1924:
1894:
1873:(22): 1601–6.
1851:
1802:
1779:
1748:
1679:
1672:
1645:
1610:(6): 495–504.
1591:
1579:
1554:
1505:
1486:
1465:(4): 1123–30.
1459:Rev. Sci. Tech
1445:
1431:
1411:
1382:
1333:
1309:
1307:Published 2007
1297:
1288:
1281:
1263:
1228:(11): 1953–5.
1208:
1202:978-0801418969
1201:
1181:
1152:
1141:. October 2015
1126:
1091:
1080:. October 2015
1062:
1051:. October 2015
1029:
986:
955:
948:
930:
923:
901:
900:
898:
895:
889:
886:
863:
862:
859:
856:
849:
846:
801:
798:
784:
781:
698:region of the
644:in 1999–2000.
600:Hittite plague
596:Hittite Empire
584:
581:
550:
547:
542:
539:
515:
512:
503:
500:
477:
474:
472:
469:
415:
412:
346:Chocolate agar
338:
335:
316:
313:
309:bubonic plague
275:
272:
195:caused by the
180:
179:
176:
172:
171:
168:
162:
161:
144:
138:
137:
131:
127:
126:
120:
114:
113:
96:
92:
91:
78:
72:
71:
66:
60:
59:
55:
54:
46:
45:
42:
38:
37:
29:
26:
24:
18:Deer fly fever
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6324:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6274:
6272:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6216:Botryomycosis
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6191:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6149:
6148:
6145:
6144:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6115:
6112:
6111:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6098:
6095:
6094:
6093:
6092:Boil/furuncle
6090:
6086:
6083:
6082:
6081:
6078:
6077:
6075:
6069:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6033:Leptospirosis
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5995:
5993:
5989:
5983:
5981:
5977:
5976:
5974:
5972:
5968:
5958:
5956:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5929:Salmonellosis
5927:
5925:
5922:
5919:
5915:
5911:
5907:
5905:
5900:
5896:
5894:
5892:
5888:
5886:
5885:Rhinoscleroma
5883:
5881:
5880:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5865:
5863:
5859:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5836:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5820:
5816:
5813:
5812:
5810:
5806:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5728:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5673:
5671:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5649:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5628:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5608:
5606:
5602:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5570:Scrofuloderma
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5549:
5545:
5543:
5541:
5537:
5535:
5533:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5468:
5466:
5464:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5449:
5439:
5438:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5423:
5421:
5417:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5402:
5400:
5398:
5397:
5392:
5388:
5384:
5382:
5381:
5376:
5370:
5369:Scarlet fever
5367:
5365:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5354:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5329:
5328:
5327:Streptococcus
5323:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5303:
5301:
5299:
5298:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5275:
5271:
5264:
5259:
5257:
5252:
5250:
5245:
5244:
5241:
5225:
5224:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5213:
5207:
5206:
5202:
5200:
5199:
5195:
5193:
5192:
5188:
5187:
5185:
5183:
5182:
5177:
5171:
5170:
5166:
5164:
5163:
5159:
5157:
5156:
5152:
5150:
5149:
5145:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5137:
5135:
5133:
5132:
5127:
5121:
5120:
5116:
5114:
5113:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5104:
5103:
5098:
5092:
5091:
5087:
5085:
5084:
5080:
5078:
5077:
5073:
5072:
5070:
5068:
5067:
5062:
5059:
5055:
5049:
5046:
5045:
5043:
5039:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5015:
5013:
5009:
5003:
5000:
4999:
4997:
4995:
4991:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4934:Bourbon virus
4932:
4930:
4927:
4926:
4924:
4922:
4918:
4908:
4905:
4904:
4902:
4900:
4899:Thiotrichales
4896:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4876:
4874:
4872:
4868:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4840:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4820:
4816:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4798:
4796:
4794:
4793:Rickettsiales
4790:
4787:
4785:
4781:
4778:
4774:
4769:
4762:
4757:
4755:
4750:
4748:
4743:
4742:
4739:
4721:
4719:
4715:
4714:
4713:
4712:
4708:
4704:
4700:
4699:MALT lymphoma
4696:
4693:
4692:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4682:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4673:
4672:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4663:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4650:
4638:
4636:
4632:
4631:
4630:
4629:
4625:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4616:
4615:Aeromonadales
4612:
4604:
4601:
4600:
4599:
4598:
4594:
4593:
4591:
4589:
4585:
4579:
4578:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4569:
4565:
4559:
4558:
4554:
4552:
4551:
4547:
4543:
4541:
4537:
4536:
4535:
4534:
4530:
4529:
4527:
4525:
4521:
4515:
4514:
4510:
4508:
4507:
4503:
4501:
4500:
4496:
4494:
4493:
4489:
4485:
4482:
4481:
4480:
4479:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4470:
4466:
4458:
4455:
4454:
4453:
4452:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4443:
4442:Thiotrichales
4439:
4431:
4428:
4427:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4417:
4414:
4413:
4412:
4411:
4407:
4403:
4402:
4400:
4398:
4397:Legionellales
4394:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4368:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4355:
4354:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4338:
4332:
4324:
4321:
4320:
4319:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4305:
4304:
4300:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4289:
4285:
4284:
4283:
4282:
4281:H. influenzae
4278:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4239:
4236:
4235:
4234:
4233:
4229:
4225:
4222:
4221:
4220:
4219:
4215:
4211:
4207:
4204:
4203:
4202:
4201:
4197:
4195:
4194:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4171:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4147:
4139:
4138:Salmonellosis
4135:
4131:
4130:Typhoid fever
4128:
4127:
4126:
4125:
4121:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4103:
4097:
4096:
4091:
4090:
4086:
4082:
4080:
4076:
4075:
4074:
4073:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4064:
4060:
4054:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4044:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4010:
4009:
4005:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3996:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3986:
3982:
3978:
3974:
3973:Rhinoscleroma
3971:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3955:
3952:
3949:
3944:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3931:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3914:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3890:
3889:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3875:
3874:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3865:
3861:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3835:
3832:
3831:
3830:
3829:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3808:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3794:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3785:
3781:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3759:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3750:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3728:
3712:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3703:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3652:
3651:Bartonellosis
3649:
3648:
3646:
3644:
3640:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3617:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3592:
3589:
3588:
3587:
3586:
3582:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3573:
3572:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3515:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3506:
3502:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3465:
3461:
3453:
3451:
3447:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3375:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3308:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3287:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3277:Murine typhus
3275:
3274:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3263:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3252:Rickettsioses
3247:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3237:Rickettsiales
3234:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3210:
3205:
3203:
3198:
3196:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3029:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2992:Operation LAC
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2982:Operation Dew
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2953:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2872:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2825:Potato blight
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2689:
2684:
2682:
2677:
2675:
2670:
2669:
2666:
2653:
2649:
2648:
2644:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2616:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2604:
2601:
2597:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2516:
2512:
2506:
2502:
2497:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2468:
2461:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2443:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2430:0-8247-0870-9
2427:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2372:
2364:
2361:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2317:
2314:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2278:
2275:
2270:
2264:
2250:on 2007-06-13
2249:
2245:
2239:
2236:
2230:
2227:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2181:
2178:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2144:
2141:
2137:
2132:
2129:
2118:on 2013-06-02
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2098:
2095:
2087:
2080:
2078:
2070:
2067:
2056:on 2014-04-07
2052:
2045:
2043:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2009:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1979:. p. C13
1978:
1977:
1972:
1965:
1962:
1951:
1947:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1928:
1925:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1901:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1855:
1852:
1847:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1806:
1803:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1783:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1752:
1749:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1707:(2): 231–40.
1706:
1702:
1695:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1675:
1669:
1665:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1598:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1568:
1564:
1558:
1555:
1549:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1509:
1506:
1501:
1497:
1490:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1449:
1446:
1434:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1415:
1412:
1401:on 2009-02-01
1400:
1396:
1392:
1386:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1353:(1): 266–81.
1352:
1348:
1344:
1337:
1334:
1323:
1319:
1313:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1298:
1292:
1289:
1284:
1278:
1274:
1267:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1209:
1204:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1185:
1182:
1169:
1165:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1140:
1136:
1130:
1127:
1114:
1110:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
995:
993:
991:
987:
975:. 15 May 2023
974:
970:
964:
962:
960:
956:
951:
945:
941:
934:
931:
926:
920:
916:
909:
907:
903:
896:
894:
888:Other animals
887:
885:
883:
882:Tanana Valley
879:
875:
870:
868:
860:
857:
854:
850:
847:
844:
843:
842:
840:
836:
832:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
808:(CDC) regard
807:
799:
797:
794:
790:
782:
780:
778:
774:
769:
767:
763:
759:
754:
751:
747:
743:
739:
734:
732:
728:
724:
719:
717:
713:
709:
708:Pakri Islands
705:
701:
697:
693:
690:Tularemia is
688:
685:
680:
678:
673:
669:
665:
664:National Mall
661:
656:
654:
650:
645:
643:
638:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
615:Massachusetts
612:
607:
605:
601:
597:
593:
590:
582:
580:
578:
574:
569:
567:
562:
560:
556:
548:
546:
540:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
521:
513:
511:
508:
501:
499:
497:
496:
491:
487:
482:
475:
470:
468:
466:
465:
460:
456:
452:
448:
447:
442:
441:
440:Haemaphysalis
436:
435:
430:
429:
424:
421:
413:
411:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
380:
375:
373:
365:
360:
353:
352:
347:
343:
336:
334:
332:
328:
324:
323:
314:
312:
310:
306:
302:
297:
293:
289:
285:
280:
273:
271:
269:
265:
259:
257:
256:ciprofloxacin
253:
249:
245:
241:
236:
234:
230:
226:
221:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
177:
173:
169:
167:
163:
160:
159:ciprofloxacin
156:
152:
148:
145:
143:
139:
135:
132:
128:
125:
122:Blood tests,
121:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
102:
97:
93:
90:
86:
82:
79:
77:
73:
70:
67:
65:
61:
56:
52:
47:
43:
39:
34:
19:
6221:Malakoplakia
6147:Folliculitis
6071:Unspecified
6043:Lyme disease
5980:Helicobacter
5979:
5954:
5903:
5890:
5877:
5872:
5834:
5815:Gonococcemia
5726:
5706:Trench fever
5686:Scrub typhus
5626:
5547:
5539:
5531:
5491:Buruli ulcer
5460:
5435:
5405:Gas gangrene
5394:
5378:
5352:
5325:
5295:
5221:
5203:
5196:
5189:
5181:Ornithodoros
5179:
5167:
5160:
5153:
5146:
5139:
5129:
5117:
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5064:
5041:Infestations
4929:Bhanja virus
4906:
4884:Lyme disease
4833:Scrub typhus
4824:
4811:Ehrlichiosis
4801:Anaplasmosis
4718:Helicobacter
4717:
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4695:Peptic ulcer
4687:
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4469:Vibrionaceae
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3668:
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3616:Brucellaceae
3583:
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3563:Anaplasmosis
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3548:Ehrlichiosis
3512:
3493:Scrub typhus
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3371:
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3269:
3218:-associated
3073:Fort Douglas
3068:Fort Detrick
3053:Building 470
3048:Building 257
3043:Building 101
2941:M143 bomblet
2896:E23 munition
2891:E14 munition
2881:E120 bomblet
2865:Yellow fever
2785:Dengue fever
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2252:. Retrieved
2248:the original
2238:
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2190:
2187:"Tularaemia"
2180:
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2051:the original
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1252:cite journal
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1016:the original
1011:
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972:
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864:
839:Fort Detrick
825:
812:as a viable
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589:14th century
586:
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549:Epidemiology
544:
523:streptomycin
517:
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438:
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417:
390:, a type of
377:
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368:
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349:
320:
318:
286:, lethargy,
281:
277:
260:
244:streptomycin
237:
222:
199:
189:rabbit fever
188:
184:
183:
147:Streptomycin
99:
6226:Pyomyositis
5934:Shigellosis
5904:Pseudomonas
5828:Melioidosis
5794:Oroya fever
5784:Brucellosis
5616:Nocardiosis
5426:Listeriosis
5396:Clostridium
5102:Dermacentor
4871:Spirochaete
4540:Pseudomonas
4288:Haemophilus
4269:Haemophilus
4224:Yersiniosis
4175:Shigellosis
3879:Melioidosis
3688:B. quintana
3684:B. henselae
3631:Brucellosis
3017:Project 112
2830:Psittacosis
2810:Melioidosis
2805:Lassa fever
2719:Brucellosis
2608:MedlinePlus
2484:‹ The
2378:(1): 1–29.
2027:Tamarasheni
1322:www.cdc.gov
1168:www.cdc.gov
1078:www.cdc.gov
1008:"Tularemia"
738:brucellosis
702:country of
627:lawn mowing
531:Doxycycline
520:antibiotics
434:Dermacentor
388:macrophages
307:(mimicking
301:lymph nodes
290:, signs of
252:doxycycline
210:skin ulcers
155:doxycycline
104:(spread by
41:Other names
6271:Categories
6114:Paronychia
6109:Cellulitis
5982:cellulitis
5893:cellulitis
5833:Cutaneous
5437:Mycoplasma
5387:Erythrasma
5360:Erysipelas
5351:Cutaneous
5002:Babesiosis
4825:E. ewingii
4720:cellulitis
4303:H. ducreyi
4290:meningitis
3812:ungrouped:
3505:Flea-borne
3464:Mite-borne
3322:Tick-borne
3078:Fort Terry
3031:Facilities
2845:Rinderpest
2800:Hantavirus
2734:Rice blast
2636:Patient UK
2584:DiseasesDB
2254:2007-06-04
2122:2018-06-19
2060:2014-04-05
1983:2007-05-08
1955:2007-05-09
1918:2018-06-19
1742:2013-06-30
1573:2017-10-06
1438:28 October
1405:2008-09-29
1327:2017-03-12
1174:8 November
1145:8 November
1119:8 November
1084:8 November
1055:8 November
897:References
884:, Alaska.
818:Ken Alibek
789:G.W. McCoy
606:recorded.
527:gentamicin
502:Prevention
331:deer flies
248:Gentamicin
229:deer flies
151:Gentamicin
142:Medication
130:Prevention
110:deer flies
98:bacterium
85:skin ulcer
6104:Carbuncle
5957:infection
5955:Aeromonas
5949:Chancroid
5873:Tularemia
5837:infection
5819:Gonorrhea
5729:infection
5629:infection
5550:infection
5542:infection
5534:infection
5355:infection
5287:Bacillota
5066:Amblyomma
4907:Tularemia
4827:infection
4637:infection
4635:Aeromonas
4542:infection
4457:Tularemia
4309:Chancroid
4081:infection
4063:Slow/weak
3977:Pneumonia
3918:Pertussis
3799:Gonorrhea
3452:infection
2936:M115 bomb
2931:M114 bomb
2874:Munitions
2739:Tularemia
2641:Tularemia
2627:emerg/591
2619:eMedicine
2501:Tularemia
2221:219200617
1989:bacteria.
1624:1874-9356
1539:0149-2195
1496:Wildl Dis
1022:22 August
979:21 August
768:in 2003.
742:feral pig
583:Outbreaks
541:Prognosis
514:Treatment
476:Pathology
471:Diagnosis
428:Amblyomma
420:arthropod
372:see below
305:suppurate
218:pneumonia
197:bacterium
185:Tularemia
175:Frequency
166:Prognosis
64:Specialty
36:Tularemia
6292:Zoonoses
6189:Gangrene
6140:Pyoderma
6073:pathogen
6003:Syphilis
5998:Syphilid
5847:Glanders
5652:Gram -ve
5336:Impetigo
5311:Impetigo
5278:Gram +ve
4776:Diseases
4165:flexneri
4079:Serratia
3893:Glanders
2906:E61 bomb
2850:Smallpox
2795:Glanders
2775:Bird flu
2714:Botulism
2647:Orphanet
2630:ped/2327
2624:med/2326
2486:template
2445:Archived
2408:26000749
2400:17395726
2351:11603230
2308:11386933
2263:cite web
2213:12608453
2172:12909664
1889:11757506
1846:25529978
1774:11900351
1733:Archived
1721:18380605
1632:27194547
1548:11349381
1377:27558340
835:Arkansas
773:Colorado
758:Tasmania
700:Eurasian
666:area of
559:latitude
495:Brucella
354:colonies
337:Bacteria
233:cultures
191:, is an
76:Symptoms
6169:Ecthyma
6080:Abscess
6008:Chancre
5924:Q fever
5511:Leprosy
5463:related
4484:Cholera
4430:Q fever
4033:O104:H4
4028:O157:H7
3682:Either
3311:Spotted
2724:Q fever
2709:Anthrax
2578:D014406
2488:below (
2380:Bibcode
2014:Georgia
1837:4285262
1729:9036831
1640:1227719
1502:: 1–22.
1481:1305858
1368:5000853
1244:1596844
1235:1490377
1012:CDC.gov
853:anthrax
791:of the
783:History
777:Boulder
723:Spanish
712:Estonia
704:Georgia
694:in the
692:endemic
684:Germany
587:In the
573:Finland
451:Rodents
423:vectors
268:rabbits
6164:Pimple
5939:Plague
5604:Others
5419:Others
5131:Ixodes
4823:Human
4206:Plague
4169:boydii
4161:sonnei
3262:Typhus
2855:Typhus
2820:Plague
2613:000856
2505:Curlie
2491:Curlie
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1395:CIDRAP
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921:
740:among
716:Soviet
642:Kosovo
577:Sweden
446:Ixodes
443:, and
414:Spread
406:, and
404:spleen
292:sepsis
212:, and
95:Causes
6023:Bejel
6018:Pinta
5991:Other
5861:Gamma
5669:Alpha
5215:Other
4603:HACEK
4383:HACEK
4323:HACEK
3834:HACEK
3313:fever
2835:Ricin
2780:CHIKV
2589:13454
2404:S2CID
2217:S2CID
2089:(PDF)
2082:(PDF)
2054:(PDF)
2047:(PDF)
1736:(PDF)
1725:S2CID
1697:(PDF)
1636:S2CID
746:Texas
731:voles
455:hares
400:liver
396:lungs
327:ticks
315:Cause
284:fever
254:, or
225:ticks
206:fever
106:ticks
81:Fever
6013:Yaws
5808:Beta
4149:H2S−
4115:H2S+
4106:Lac−
3958:Lac+
2652:3392
2573:MeSH
2562:9-CM
2537:1B94
2426:ISBN
2396:PMID
2376:1105
2347:PMID
2304:PMID
2288:JAMA
2269:link
2209:PMID
2168:PMID
2022:Gori
1885:PMID
1842:PMID
1770:PMID
1762:MMWR
1717:PMID
1668:ISBN
1628:PMID
1620:ISSN
1535:ISSN
1477:PMID
1440:2010
1427:ISBN
1373:PMID
1277:ISBN
1258:link
1240:PMID
1222:CMAJ
1197:ISBN
1176:2017
1147:2017
1121:2017
1086:2017
1057:2017
1024:2024
981:2024
944:ISBN
919:ISBN
804:The
750:pigs
696:Gori
575:and
3948:OX−
3686:or
2860:WEE
2840:RVF
2815:VND
2790:EEE
2770:BHF
2765:AHF
2744:VEE
2567:021
2558:ICD
2552:A21
2543:ICD
2528:ICD
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2388:doi
2337:doi
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1875:doi
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1832:PMC
1824:doi
1793:hdl
1709:doi
1612:doi
1543:PMC
1527:doi
1467:doi
1363:PMC
1355:doi
1351:273
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1226:146
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