77:
43:
358:
Rare causes of skin ulcers include pyoderma gangraenosum, lesions caused by Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, morbus Behçet and infections that are usually seen in those who are immunocompromised, for example ecthyma gangraenosum. It is important to consider
218:
usually cause achy and swollen legs. If these ulcers become infected they may develop an unpleasant odour, increased tenderness and redness. Before the ulcer establishes definitively, there may be a dark red or purple skin over the affected area as well as a thickening, drying, and itchy skin.
359:
such causes if the skin ulcerations don't show improvement with antibiotic treatments and when other systemic symptoms are present. It is advised not to use surgical procedures on ulcerations caused by Behçet or pyoderma gangraenosum since those diseases usually exhibit
204:. Most patients complain of constant pain at night and during the day. Chronic ulcer symptoms usually include increasing pain, friable granulation tissue, foul odour, and wound breakdown instead of healing. Symptoms tend to worsen once the wound has become infected.
145:
Skin ulcers appear as open craters, often round, with layers of skin that have eroded. The skin around the ulcer may be red, swollen, and tender. Patients may feel pain on the skin around the ulcer, and fluid may ooze from the ulcer. In some cases, ulcers can
942:
923:
562:
to prevent blood pooling and back flow. It is likely that a person who has had a skin ulcer will have it again; use of compression stockings every day for at least five years after the skin ulcer has healed may help to prevent recurrence.
1314:
332:. A very common and dangerous type of skin ulcer is caused by what are called pressure-sensitive sores, more commonly called bed sores, which are frequent in people who are bedridden or who use wheelchairs for long periods.
1307:
118:. An ulcer that appears on the skin is often visible as an inflamed tissue with an area of reddened skin. A skin ulcer is often visible in the event of exposure to heat or cold, irritation, or a problem with
1300:
125:
They can also be caused due to a lack of mobility, which causes prolonged pressure on the tissues. This stress in the blood circulation is transformed to a skin ulcer, commonly known as
555:
than necessary for healing tissue, and healing may be accelerated by replacing or stimulating growth factors while controlling the formation of other substances that work against them.
507:
Skin ulcers may take a very long time to heal. Treatment is typically to avoid the ulcer getting infected, remove any excess discharge, maintain a moist wound environment, control the
1796:
1645:
1635:
1844:
801:
693:
1007:
351:. Blood disorders and chronic wounds can result in skin ulcers as well. Venous leg ulcers due to impaired circulation or a blood flow disorder are more common in the
185:
may also become exposed. In the last two stages the sore may cause a deeper loss of fat and necrosis of the muscle; in severe cases it can extend down to
181:
beneath the skin may become exposed and visible. In stage 4, deeper necrosis usually occurs, the fat underneath the skin is completely exposed, and the
1408:
1649:
1620:
1442:
1425:
1494:
1479:
1779:
1941:
1000:
320:
The wounds from which ulcers arise can be caused by a wide variety of factors, but the main cause is impaired blood circulation. Especially,
154:. Ulcers sometimes seem not to heal; healing, if it does occur, tends to be slow. Ulcers that heal within 12 weeks are usually classified as
1469:
1909:
1921:
2023:
1916:
1854:
521:
are normally used to prevent the ulcer getting infected, and the wound or ulcer is usually kept clear of dead tissue through surgical
2057:
1964:
1598:
888:
760:
674:
608:
1904:
809:
1772:
1413:
993:
285:
701:
1979:
1969:
1951:
1593:
567:
482:
1588:
1583:
1403:
222:
Although skin ulcers do not seem of great concern at a first glance, they are worrying conditions especially in people with
1936:
1806:
1791:
1608:
1484:
1261:
1783:
1603:
1351:
635:
579:
1926:
1767:
1630:
1529:
1398:
1393:
1375:
344:
528:
Commonly, as a part of the treatment, patients are advised to change their lifestyle if possible and to change their
1346:
1271:
1104:
54:
1801:
1747:
1418:
1341:
1974:
1363:
1358:
957:
169:. In the second stage the redness of the skin becomes more pronounced, swelling appears, and there may be some
1931:
1719:
324:
and ulcers are caused by poor circulation, either through cardiovascular issues or external pressure from a
1659:
1464:
464:
115:
1834:
1615:
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559:
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1997:
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336:
76:
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604:
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309:
119:
111:
61:
2013:
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1677:
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1142:
851:
843:
830:
Dumville JC, Land L, Evans D, Peinemann F, et al. (Cochrane Wounds Group) (July 2015).
529:
166:
155:
107:
99:
50:
536:
is important in treating skin ulcers, and patients are consequently usually recommended to
1231:
1173:
340:
126:
95:
98:, accompanied by the disintegration of tissue. Ulcers can result in complete loss of the
1499:
1433:
1256:
1241:
1214:
1109:
951:
856:
831:
268:
211:
2051:
2032:
2018:
1959:
1489:
1266:
1219:
1137:
612:
548:
418:
321:
303:
272:
1886:
1702:
1246:
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847:
640:
622:
618:
492:
294:
261:
207:
777:
962:
1821:
1692:
1557:
1337:
1178:
1016:
645:
522:
488:
277:
238:
66:
973:
1899:
1329:
1251:
1236:
1183:
476:
329:
227:
42:
1570:
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1384:
1369:
936:
932:
130:
865:
17:
985:
173:
and loss of outer skin layers. During the next stage, the skin may become
165:
Ulcers develop in stages. In stage 1 the skin is red with soft underlying
1132:
594:
552:
537:
428:
360:
267:
Purulent, seen in infected ulcer. Yellow creamy discharge is observed in
223:
174:
147:
915:
1881:
1826:
1281:
1209:
1188:
1092:
541:
352:
170:
70:
2028:
1741:
1697:
1537:
1449:
1127:
1060:
1043:
927:
587:
470:
348:
242:
190:
182:
103:
547:
In recent years, advances have been made in accelerating healing of
583:
512:
508:
249:. These ulcers usually last from 7 to 14 days and can be painful.
234:
215:
194:
151:
722:
409:
Ulcer deeper to subcutaneous tissue exposing soft tissue or bone
1519:
570:
may be effective in reducing the time to healing of leg ulcers.
201:
186:
91:
1296:
989:
325:
246:
178:
134:
275:
infection, while greenish discharge is seen in the case of
189:
level, destruction of the bone may begin, and there may be
832:"Negative pressure wound therapy for treating leg ulcers"
479:
of affected area to look for periostitis or osteomyelitis
1323:
Cutaneous keratosis, ulcer, atrophy, and necrobiosis
905:
2006:
1988:
1950:
1880:
1820:
1755:
1740:
1711:
1658:
1636:
Palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis
1569:
1556:
1328:
1201:
1156:
1031:
1024:
909:
593:Cortisol ulcer: caused by long term application of
60:
35:
1797:Lupus erythematosus–lichen planus overlap syndrome
621:: thought to occur due to improper functioning of
667:Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease
551:and ulcers. Chronic wounds produce fewer growth
582:: mostly located on the lateral surface of the
455:Some of the investigations done for ulcer are:
53:– Skin ulcers that occur in some patients with
1845:Morphea–lichen sclerosus et atrophicus overlap
257:Different types of discharges from ulcer are:
177:down through the deep layers of skin, and the
1308:
1001:
688:
686:
226:, as they are at risk of developing diabetic
8:
210:that may appear on the lower leg, above the
110:. Ulcers are most common on the skin of the
883:. Jaypee Brothers Medical Pub. p. 16.
836:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
755:. Jaypee Brothers Medical Pub. p. 17.
335:Other causes producing skin ulcers include
1752:
1566:
1315:
1301:
1293:
1028:
1008:
994:
986:
906:
802:"Wound Care & Skin Ulcers: Treatments"
611:, and probably the major component of the
271:infection; bloody opalescent discharge in
75:
41:
32:
1409:Seborrheic keratosis with squamous atypia
855:
1650:Interstitial granulomatous drug reaction
1621:Annular elastolytic giant-cell granuloma
1443:Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis
1426:Keratosis punctata of the palmar creases
694:"Wound Care & Skin Ulcers: Symptoms"
669:(7th ed.). Saunders. p. 1230.
378:
1495:Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis
1480:Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola
657:
1352:Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex
393:Pre-ulcerative lesion or healed ulcer
302:Serous with sulphur granules, seen in
284:Bloody (sanguineous), usually seen in
1942:Atrophia maculosa varioliformis cutis
1646:Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis
746:
744:
742:
558:Leg ulcers can be prevented by using
7:
1470:Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans
439:Gangrene of entire one area or foot
1922:Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans
665:Kumar V, Fausto N, Abbas A (2004).
376:Wagner's grading of ulcer follows:
288:and in healing ulcers with healthy
2024:Poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans
1917:Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini
1855:Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini
723:"Ulcers Pictures and Descriptions"
25:
1965:Reactive perforating collagenosis
1599:Granuloma annulare in HIV disease
609:complication of diabetes mellitus
473:: Edge contains multiplying cells
431:of part of tissues, limb or foot
245:, and on the inside of the lower
150:and, rarely, patients experience
1414:Reticulated seborrheic keratosis
601:creams to certain skin diseases.
1980:Acquired perforating dermatosis
1970:Elastosis perforans serpiginosa
1910:Jadassohn–Pellizzari anetoderma
1116:Special initial lesions :
568:negative-pressure wound therapy
566:There is limited evidence that
483:Fine needle aspiration cytology
264:, usually seen in healing ulcer
1404:Irritated seborrheic keratosis
848:10.1002/14651858.CD011354.pub2
806:Canadian Skin Patient Alliance
698:Canadian Skin Patient Alliance
417:Abscess formation underneath,
233:Ulcers may also appear on the
1:
1937:Linear atrophoderma of Moulin
1609:Patch-type granuloma annulare
1485:Inverted follicular keratosis
158:, and longer-lasting ones as
1905:Schweninger–Buzzi anetoderma
1604:Localized granuloma annulare
636:List of cutaneous conditions
580:Arterial insufficiency ulcer
459:Study of discharging fluid:
127:bedsores or decubitus ulcers
1631:Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma
1530:Waxy keratosis of childhood
1399:Common seborrheic keratosis
1394:Clonal seborrheic keratosis
1376:Keratoderma blennorrhagicum
881:Srb's Manual of Surgery, 4e
776:Goodman S (30 April 2013).
753:Srb's Manual of Surgery, 4e
27:Type of cutaneous condition
2074:
1347:Paraneoplastic keratoderma
778:"What Causes Skin Ulcers?"
511:, and ease pain caused by
102:and often portions of the
55:inflammatory bowel disease
1419:Dermatosis papulosa nigra
1342:Keratoderma climactericum
49:
40:
2058:Dermatologic terminology
1975:Perforating folliculitis
1927:Semicircular lipoatrophy
1364:Drug-induced keratoderma
1932:Follicular atrophoderma
1720:eosinophilic dermatosis
1660:Foreign body granuloma
1571:Necrobiotic/palisading
1465:Chronic scar keratosis
308:Yellowish, as seen in
200:Chronic ulcers may be
129:. Ulcers often become
116:gastrointestinal tract
1835:Localized scleroderma
1616:Necrobiosis lipoidica
1548:Cutis verticis gyrata
1475:Hydrocarbon keratosis
1359:Aquagenic keratoderma
879:Bhat, Sriram (2013).
625:, usually of the legs
560:compression stockings
1998:Pyoderma gangrenosum
1860:Pansclerotic morphea
1641:Rheumatoid nodulosis
1626:Granuloma multiforme
1505:Reactional keratosis
1455:Ichthyosis acquisita
1438:Acanthosis nigricans
1389:Seborrheic keratosis
1330:Epidermal thickening
485:(FNAC) of lymph node
1850:Generalized morphea
1688:Zirconium granuloma
1668:Beryllium granuloma
1536:other hypertrophy:
1490:Lichenoid keratosis
1460:Arsenical keratosis
782:Embarrassing Issues
605:Diabetic foot ulcer
544:, and lose weight.
519:Topical antibiotics
515:and tissue damage.
1870:Linear scleroderma
1683:Silicone granuloma
1579:Granuloma annulare
727:ulcerspictures.com
401:Superficial ulcer
290:granulation tissue
208:Venous skin ulcers
141:Signs and symptoms
2045:
2044:
2041:
2040:
1840:Localized morphea
1812:Rowell's syndrome
1736:
1735:
1726:Granuloma faciale
1673:Mercury granuloma
1543:Hypertrophic scar
1525:Warty dyskeratoma
1515:Thermal keratosis
1290:
1289:
1257:Hydropic swelling
1197:
1196:
1157:Secondary lesions
983:
982:
497:tuberculous ulcer
443:
442:
345:fungal infections
310:tuberculous ulcer
120:blood circulation
112:lower extremities
90:is a sore on the
84:
83:
30:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
2065:
2014:Calcinosis cutis
1895:Lichen sclerosus
1865:Morphea profunda
1753:
1678:Silica granuloma
1567:
1510:Stucco keratosis
1317:
1310:
1303:
1294:
1029:
1010:
1003:
996:
987:
907:
895:
894:
876:
870:
869:
859:
827:
821:
820:
818:
817:
808:. Archived from
798:
792:
791:
789:
788:
773:
767:
766:
748:
737:
736:
734:
733:
719:
713:
712:
710:
709:
700:. Archived from
690:
681:
680:
662:
532:. Improving the
379:
341:viral infections
286:malignant ulcers
214:or on the lower
108:subcutaneous fat
80:
79:
51:Erythema nodosum
45:
33:
21:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2037:
2002:
1984:
1946:
1885:
1876:
1825:
1816:
1758:
1757:Cutaneous lupus
1745:
1732:
1712:Other/ungrouped
1707:
1654:
1552:
1520:Viral keratosis
1324:
1321:
1291:
1286:
1232:Hypergranulosis
1193:
1174:Lichenification
1152:
1032:Primary lesions
1020:
1014:
984:
979:
978:
918:
904:
899:
898:
891:
878:
877:
873:
842:(7): CD011354.
829:
828:
824:
815:
813:
800:
799:
795:
786:
784:
775:
774:
770:
763:
751:Bhat S (2013).
750:
749:
740:
731:
729:
721:
720:
716:
707:
705:
692:
691:
684:
677:
664:
663:
659:
654:
632:
576:
505:
453:
448:
374:
369:
318:
255:
143:
96:mucous membrane
74:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2071:
2069:
2061:
2060:
2050:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2010:
2008:
2004:
2003:
2001:
2000:
1994:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1956:
1954:
1948:
1947:
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1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
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1907:
1897:
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1878:
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1867:
1862:
1857:
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1809:
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1670:
1664:
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1633:
1628:
1623:
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1613:
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1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1575:
1573:
1564:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1533:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1500:PUVA keratosis
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1434:hyperkeratosis
1429:
1428:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1381:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1344:
1334:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1312:
1305:
1297:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1242:Papillomatosis
1239:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1215:Hyperkeratosis
1205:
1203:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1113:
1112:
1110:Telangiectasia
1107:
1102:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1053:
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1035:
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1026:
1022:
1021:
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1005:
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990:
981:
980:
977:
976:
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954:
939:
919:
914:
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911:
910:Classification
903:
902:External links
900:
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871:
822:
793:
768:
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738:
714:
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591:
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574:Specific types
572:
549:chronic wounds
504:
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499:
486:
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467:
452:
451:Investigations
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322:chronic wounds
317:
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300:
299:Serosanguinous
297:
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282:
269:staphylococcal
265:
254:
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142:
139:
82:
81:
64:
58:
57:
47:
46:
38:
37:
29:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2070:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2034:
2033:Pseudo-ainhum
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2019:Sclerodactyly
2017:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2005:
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1996:
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1960:Kyrle disease
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1778:
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1760:
1759:erythematosus
1754:
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1727:
1724:
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1722:
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1717:
1716:
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1267:Vacuolization
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1220:Parakeratosis
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812:on 2010-01-27
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762:9789350259443
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704:on 2010-06-19
703:
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676:0-7216-0187-1
672:
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661:
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629:
624:
623:venous valves
620:
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613:diabetic foot
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495:in suspected
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304:actinomycosis
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273:streptococcal
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19:
1989:
1887:atrophoderma
1773:Panniculitis
1718:
1703:Carbon stain
1594:Subcutaneous
1368:
1276:
1247:Acantholysis
1225:Dyskeratosis
1208:
1143:Herald patch
1099:
1077:
1055:
1038:
967:
956:
941:
922:
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874:
839:
835:
825:
814:. Retrieved
810:the original
805:
796:
785:. Retrieved
781:
771:
752:
730:. Retrieved
726:
717:
706:. Retrieved
702:the original
697:
666:
660:
641:Skin disease
619:Venous ulcer
565:
557:
546:
527:
517:
506:
493:Mantoux test
454:
385:Description
375:
357:
334:
319:
295:Seropurulent
276:
256:
232:
221:
206:
199:
164:
144:
124:
87:
85:
1952:Perforating
1822:Scleroderma
1790:ungrouped:
1693:Soot tattoo
1589:Generalized
1584:Perforating
1558:Necrobiosis
1338:keratoderma
1282:Lentiginous
1202:Microscopic
1179:Excoriation
1025:Macroscopic
1019:terminology
1017:Skin lesion
646:Skin lesion
534:circulation
523:debridement
489:Chest X-ray
465:sensitivity
278:Pseudomonas
239:soft palate
114:and in the
67:Dermatology
18:Skin ulcers
1990:Skin ulcer
1900:Anetoderma
1766:chronic:
1746:localized
1277:Ulceration
1262:Exocytosis
1252:Spongiosis
1237:Acanthosis
1184:Induration
969:DiseasesDB
816:2010-06-16
787:2010-06-16
732:2010-06-16
708:2010-06-16
652:References
607:: a major
597:(steroid)
477:Radiograph
446:Management
330:wheelchair
281:infection.
253:Discharges
228:neuropathy
36:Skin ulcer
1807:Verrucous
1792:Chilblain
1562:granuloma
1385:keratosis
1370:psoriasis
503:Treatment
367:Diagnosis
337:bacterial
106:and even
100:epidermis
62:Specialty
2052:Category
1882:Atrophic
1784:Neonatal
1780:subacute
1133:Scutulum
1056:elevated
866:26171910
630:See also
595:cortisol
553:hormones
538:exercise
429:Gangrene
361:pathergy
224:diabetes
175:necrotic
171:blisters
131:infected
1827:Morphea
1768:Discoid
1272:Erosion
1210:keratin
1189:Atrophy
1105:Erosion
1093:Pustule
1083:Vesicle
963:D012883
857:6464010
599:topical
586:or the
542:smoking
540:, stop
461:Culture
372:Grading
353:elderly
349:cancers
202:painful
160:chronic
137:forms.
71:surgery
2029:Ainhum
1742:Dermis
1698:Tattoo
1538:Keloid
1450:Callus
1432:other
1128:Comedo
1122:Tunnel
1118:Burrow
1071:Plaque
1066:Nodule
1061:Papule
1044:Macule
952:707.00
887:
864:
854:
759:
673:
590:digits
588:distal
471:biopsy
316:Causes
262:Serous
243:tongue
241:, the
235:cheeks
195:joints
191:sepsis
183:muscle
167:tissue
133:, and
104:dermis
73:
2007:Other
1802:Tumid
1169:Crust
1164:Scale
1148:Wheal
1100:Ulcer
1088:Bulla
1078:fluid
1049:Patch
974:26839
584:ankle
513:nerve
509:edema
469:Edge
382:Grade
328:or a
216:ankle
156:acute
152:fever
148:bleed
94:or a
88:ulcer
1039:flat
958:MeSH
947:9-CM
885:ISBN
862:PMID
840:2016
757:ISBN
671:ISBN
530:diet
491:and
463:and
347:and
339:and
212:calf
187:bone
92:skin
1748:CTD
943:ICD
937:L89
933:L88
924:ICD
852:PMC
844:doi
326:bed
247:lip
193:of
179:fat
135:pus
86:An
2054::
1782::
1436::
1387::
1340::
972::
961::
950::
931::
928:10
860:.
850:.
838:.
834:.
804:.
780:.
741:^
725:.
696:.
685:^
525:.
363:.
355:.
343:,
237:,
230:.
197:.
162:.
122:.
69:,
2031:/
1884:/
1824:/
1744:/
1648:/
1560:/
1316:e
1309:t
1302:v
1212::
1009:e
1002:t
995:v
945:-
935:-
926:-
916:D
893:.
868:.
846::
819:.
790:.
765:.
735:.
711:.
679:.
615:.
436:5
425:4
414:3
406:2
398:1
390:0
20:)
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