Deir ez-Zor - Knowledge (XXG)

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was shot down, until then, the Syrian government had been cautious about the protests in Deir ez-Zor, because of their clan nature and the size of their area and the presence of quantities of weapons in it stored from the days of the Iraq war. When the demonstrators headed towards the statue of Basil

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In 1952 cotton cultivation was widespread, and automated pumping engines were introduced, which increased the area of arable land and cotton became the first crop of the city instead of wheat. The discovery of oil and salt during the reign of the second Syrian republic near the city helped to develop

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The city has maintained its struggle and political role in addition to its civil activity even during the independence phase; in 1946, the wheat uprising against Governor Makram al-Atassi began due to the monopoly of the authority with the good wheat in the city, and the people succeeded in obtaining

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and illiteracy was rampant by 95%. However, some achievements belonged to that stage, such as building the suspension bridge and the establishment of the first bank in addition to the palace of justice, the national library, the city museum, and the municipal stadium; during this period, literary and

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Some Syrians working with the French at translation centers, and others were secretly at the service of the revolutionaries and reporting news and information to Mohammed ِAl-Ayyash about the situation and movements of the French and their activities and the timing of their military operations. This

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on 24 July 1920 and occupation of Damascus by the French forces, the city of Deir ez-Zor was in a state of chaos and insecurity, which prompted Al-Hassan to form his second government, Which has done great services in protecting the city and maintaining the security of its people despite its limited

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and officials. The city's people armed themselves with guns and organized a national army to defend the city resulting in the decline of the Bedouin attacks. Still, its negative effects were the shrinking of the city. Still, the isolation benefited the city's people because they relied on themselves

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The city participated vigorously in the sixtieth strike in 1936 and saw a large march on 10 February 1936; this strike led to the signing of the independence agreement between Syria and France and the arrival of the national bloc to power after parliamentary elections held at the end of the year in

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entered Deir Ez-Zor on 9 November 1921, the region was locally ruled by Fadel Al-Aboud, a member of an aristocratic family; after a while, protests and demonstrations against occupation broke out, A group of French armored vehicles and dozens of soldiers encircled the house of Fadel Al-Aboud, where

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Some Arab and European travelers visited it and described its construction, economy, and the nature of its inhabitants. According to the description, "Its houses are adjacent over an artificial hill, and its inhabitants are strong, polite, and welcome guests. Their crops were wheat, barley, cotton,

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realised that the bombing did not convince the local people to give up the revolutionaries, they threatened to arrest the women of the revolutionaries, their mothers and sisters until the revolutionaries surrender themselves to the French, when the news arrived to the revolutionaries, they emerged

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left on 6 November 1918, where people began looting and stealing from each other across the area, so it was necessary to have a strong authority for protecting the city and its people and that led Al-Hassan who was the mayor to form his first government in the city and asking all tribal leaders in

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successively ruled it, the most recent being Hilmi Bey, who left the city with the Ottoman army on 6 November 1918. The continuous change of rulers (Mutasarrıfs) and lack of resources and disruption of conditions in the Ottoman empire affected negatively on the urban, economic, cultural and social

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planes began bombing the clan villages with a devastating bombardment where the houses were destroyed, as were children and women and killed. Livestock was destroyed, as well as farms and crops. Civilians were killed, among them "Hanash Al-Mousa Al-Ani," "Ali Al-Najras," and a pregnant woman, and

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in 1914 brought calamities, with many young people being recruited, famine] and disease spread, livelihoods were confiscated, trade stopped and agriculture declined. But in the opinion of historian Abdul Qadir Ayyash, Deir ez-Zor owed its civilization to the Ottoman rulers despite their mistakes.

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and cutting off the remaining supply line to Deir ez-Zor. The city was then effectively under siege by ISIS, leaving supplies to be solely delivered by transport helicopters. ISIS attempted to stop the supplies by daily attacking the Deir Ez-Zor Airbase. However, their attempts failed due to the

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From 10 April 2016 to 31 August 2017, the World Food Programme supplied the city with food and essential relief items through a high-altitude airdrop service. With a Russian contracted Il-76 aircraft and parachute systems provided by Canada, the USA, and Russia, a total of 8015 pallets with an

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findings in Deir ez-Zor indicate that the area has been inhabited since the ninth millennium BC. While the current location of the city has not always had a significant population, it was always an urban area, usually subordinate to more powerful cities, such as kingdoms like the Kingdom of

1243:. Beginning April 1915, this was carried out through massacres, forced deportations, and displacement, which were marches under harsh conditions designed to lead to the death of the deportees. Researchers estimate the number of Armenian victims as between 1 million and 1.5 million. 1440:

On 27 December 1919, Ramadan al-Shallash took over the administration of Deir Ez-Zor as a military ruler, and his authority was nominal and the real ruling was to the city's notables, and they were not satisfied with his actions. Hence, they took him out of the city after two months.

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government launched a military campaign under the command of Omar Pasha (Croatian) consisting of 500 soldiers to subdue the tribes in the Euphrates region. The campaign reached Deir Ez-Zor city and fought against the city's residents, where 16 Ottoman soldiers were killed. After the

3671: 2063:. The demonstrations began in the city on 15 March 2011, which was the first day in the movement of protests demanding the overthrow of the Syrian government. On 15 April 2011, a large demonstration was launched from the city's stadium despite the using of live bullets by the 2083:

fired only in the air. It is said that the demonstrators were not shot and prevented from dropping the statue because the security commanders did not know or appreciate the reaction that the people of the city could issue if one of the demonstrators were killed.

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When the military vehicle arrived, the revolutionaries attacked and arrested the officers and took them with their car after they took their weapons to a desert called "Al-Aksiyya", and threw them with their driver in one of the abandoned wells where they died.

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Despite Armenians coming to the region as part of death marches, the liberation that they achieved ultimately benefited the city, increasing population and growth rates. Historically, the city of Deir ez-Zor has been a special place for Armenians in

1911:, the French authorities assassinated Ayyash Al-Haj in a café outside the city by poisoning his coffee, and prevented the transfer of his body to Deir Ez-Zor city for reasons of public security, He was buried in Jableh in the cemetery of Sultan 1086:

returned to the city, Perhaps the most prominent feature of Ibrahim Pasha's rule is the proliferation of weapons among the city's inhabitants, especially rifles, known as "Brahimiyat," which constituted a major tool to defend the city and repel

1633:, provided that the Federation should have a president elected for one non-renewable year, The council of the Federation held its first meeting in June 1922 in the city of Aleppo and issued resolution No. / 1 / to form the Federal Government, 4337:

International Energy Agency. World Energy Outlook. Petroleum Economist. Institute for the Study of War. Oil infrastructure across Syria and Iraq (map). in BBC News. (18 May 2015). "Battle for Iraq and Syria in maps". Retrieved 18 May 2015.

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era, Deir Ez-Zor grew. The agriculture in the region prospered because of advances in irrigation. The small town, now called 'Deir Al-Rumman,' did not record any significant events during the decline of the Abbasid state and the ensuing

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Successive waves of new settlers from surrounding countrysides and provinces were heavily related to severe drought in late 1950s and 1990s most of them looking for standard jobs and giving up their farming and herding lifestyle. The

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In 1864 the city revolted against Ottoman rule, and Soraya Pasha, the governor of Aleppo, sent a military force to suppress it. After the campaign, Soraya Pasha came to Deir ez-Zor He made it the center of the district's headquarters

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took place against the last bastion of the Islamic State in Syria. The campaign ended with a decisive victory for the SDF and its allies, and resulted in the capture of all of ISIL territory in the Deir ez-Zor Governorate after the

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the villages and surrounding districts to support him and pledge allegiance to him. One of the priorities of this government was maintain the security and running the affairs of the city. This government later known as the "

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in protest against the military campaign by the French army against the Bukhabur tribes that refused to pay taxes to the French colonizer, and insulting Wali Deir al-Zour Khalil Isaac, who was cooperating with the French.

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The French were incensed for losing contact with their officers and began an extensive campaign including planes to search for them and when they found their bodies and inquired from the informants about the names of the

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to be a step to liberate Deir ez-Zor, Officer Ramadan al-Shallash came and occupied Deir ez-Zor with the help of her people and "Albu Saraya" clan, and British troops withdrew on 27 December 1919 to the Iraqi border.

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occupied the city via the Iraqi border and annexed it to Iraqi territory. The British government took care of the security and cleanliness of the city and set up a primary school that started teaching English.

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became president. which gathered the various pillars of politics in Syria, during which the independence of Syria was proclaimed. The federal rule recognized the financial and administrative independence of

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industry. It is also a minor centre for tourism with many tourist facilities such as traditional French-style riverbank restaurants, up to 5-star hotels, a hub for trans-desert travel and an airport (

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In early June 1925, the translators informed Mohammed Al-Ayyash that a military vehicle carrying four French officers from France to inspect the French military construction departments in Syria and

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in 64 BC, Deir Ez-Zor was a small, marginal village known as Azdra, which the Romans made the center of the region and founded a strong military garrison. Deir Ez-Zor came under the reign of Queen

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Syrian army breaks Isis' three-year-long siege of Deir Ezzor: Liberating the city will mean relief for its 70,000 residents as Isis, feeling the pressure, begins to conscript female fighters

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would leave accompanied by their French driver Deir Ez-Zor on its way to Aleppo. He instructed his brother Mahmoud to set up an ambush in Ain Albu Gomaa on the road between Deir Ez-Zor and

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In June 1922, under the pressure of the Syrian people and the continued demonstration, Gouraud declared the creation of a Syrian federation on a federal basis between Damascus, Aleppo, and

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authorities planned to exterminate Armenians. These plans failed because the people of Deir ez-Zor regretted what happened to the Armenian men, women, and children, prompting the mayor Haj

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Although the Syrian government accepted the ultimatum and accepted the demands of General Gouraud to demobilize the Syrian army and withdraw the soldiers from the mounds of the village of

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When security was relatively stable, the commercial convoys started passing through the area, and Deir ez-Zor was a station for them, providing them with food, feed, and comfort. The

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remained besieged in a small section of Deir Ez-Zor. The Deir Ez Zor district remained one of the few Syrian Government strongholds in eastern Syria for more than two years.

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in Deir Ez-Zor, who said: If each of the criminals, who committed this terrible offense deserve dying once, the gang leader Mohammed Al-Ayyash is deserving hanging twice.

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Fattouh, Issa, Abdul Qader Ayyash Researcher and Historian, Almarifa Magazine, Ministry of Culture in the Syrian Arab Republic, No 646, year 56, July 2017, p 155.

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settled in the city to help Khalil Bey Saqib with the administration, as well as starting campaigns to settle the Bedouin in urban centers on the Euphrates.

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average weight of 754 kg were dropped into the besieged city of Deir-Ez-Zor. Three hundred nine flights were performed during the operational period.

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for annihilating the Armenian deportation caravans. Tens of thousands of surviving men, women and children were systematically killed on the banks of the

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During his reign, it established the government house (Dar Al Saraya), a military barracks, a hospital and some trade markets. Some of the arrivals from

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to be the first minister from Deir ez-Zor and the Eastern Province. after his tenure, it dedicated the tradition of allocating a ministerial seat to a

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Al-Ayyash managed to form a revolutionary group of thirteen armed men who were ready to take any military action against the French forces, They are:

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capabilities. This government continued its work until 23 November 1920, when it was dissolved by a decision of the French occupation authorities.

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and they used boats to cross the Euphrates. They reformed the tax system and introduced European uniforms into the city and did not generalize it.

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and expand urbanization and the increase the number of public and private companies that working in it, as well as increasing migration from the

1541:, After its control over the entire Syrian territory, France resorted to the fragmentation of Syria into several independent states or entities: 1135:), and he returned to Aleppo after appointing Omar Pasha governor, whose rule did not last more than 6 months. Khalil Bey Saqib was appointed as 4458: 6002: 1278:. The city later became a pilgrimage destination for hundreds of thousands of Armenians on 24 April each year, after being declared in 2002 by 5661: 4490: 3444: 2344:

are also located there. Many other polytechnic schools and professional institutes provide tertiary education are based in the city as well.

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and 12 of his companions were sentenced to death. The execution was carried out by firing squad on 15 September 1925 in the city of Aleppo.

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Deir ez-Zor was the last destination of the forced displacement of Armenian convoys and the scene of killings and slaughter by the Turkish

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many were wounded by bullets and shrapnel from Airplane bombs. All of this was to pressure the people to surrender the revolutionaries.

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means "small habitation". The current name, which has been extended to the surrounding region, indicates an ancient site for one of the

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Deir ez-Zor is home to the third Armenian diplomatic mission in Syria; the Honorary Consulate of Armenia, opened on 11 February 2010.

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from Damascus he started to arouse the enthusiasm of the people of Deir ez-Zor and invite them to fight, and agreed with his brother

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is an under-developed domestic and international terminal and important hub mostly connecting with Damascus and destinations in the

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Sabbagh, Rend, Deir al-Zour city on the banks of Paradise, Al Quds Al Arabi, Twenty-eighth year, 09/04/2017 number 8789, page 34.

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to go to the villages of the Albu Saraya clan that living west of Deir ez-Zor and which have a strong friendship with his father

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commemorated the memory of Genocide victims who lost their lives, but it was destroyed on 21 September 2014 by ISIS (daash).

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to make many of their needs and those of neighboring villages, such as axes, spears, swords, gunpowder, and weaving cotton.

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On late August 2023, multiple skirmishes took place between SDF fighters and local arab tribes which left dozens killed.

4633: 4203: 3156: 2129: 753: 1835:, they sent a large military force equipped with heavy guns and planes to attack the Albu Saraya clan and blockade it. 884: 4004: 1997: 1602:

he was arrested and transferred to the military airport of Deir al-Zour and then transported by military aircraft to

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In 1941, the twenty-fifth government was formed in the modern history of Syria and the tenth in the era of the

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with the beginning of the spring for trading or work and then return in the early fall; they also travel to

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in Monastery of the Hermits, which became Omari Mosque. Many of the town's Christians left or converted to

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The city and its rural surrounding is a fertile and prosperous farming area, with livestock-breeding (for

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subdued the city, Omar Pasha recruited 16 young men from the city to replace the Ottoman soldiers killed.

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held in late June 1919 Which declared on 8 March 1920 the independence of Syria and establishment of

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The Armenian leader Papasian considers the last remnants of the murders at Deir ez-Zor in 1915–1916.

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keeps thousands of antiquities collected from nearby archaeological sites in Northern Mesopotamia.

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If each of the criminals who committed this terrible offense deserves dying once, the gang leader

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entered Syria in 1517 until 1864, where the Ottomans found Deir Ez-Zor a small town on the upper

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appointed lawyer Fathallah Al-Saqqal to defend her; the court heard (officer Bono) head of the

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the city. Concurrently with its operations to capture Deir ez-Zor, the Syrian Army launched a

2153: 1989: 1912: 1693: 1569: 1545: 1538: 1416: 1307: 1283: 1279: 1267: 1222: 1218: 916: 794: 778: 627: 3173:[President Assad issues two decrees appointing four new governors]. SANA. 12 May 2024 1027:

attacks for looting and has been greatly affected by these attacks, including the attacks of

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and The tribe members began to visit it to communicate the men of power and buy their needs.

5821: 5521: 5351: 5007: 4942: 4937: 4045: 3414:"United Nations Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities" 2393: 2142: 2118: 2088: 2071: 2060: 2000:, which included a battle over Deir ez-Zor. They handed administration of the region to the 1876:, issued Decision No. 49S / 5 in August 1925, which ordered the exile of all members of the 1637:, who is close to the French colonial authorities, was elected president of the federation. 1618: 1453: 1401: 822: 4401: 6007: 5826: 5816: 5666: 5511: 5356: 5306: 5072: 5062: 5057: 4389: 4357: 4287:

Syrian Army breaks ISIS' siege on Deir Ezzor Airport and Hrabesh and Tahtouh neighborhoods

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Deir ez-Zor was one of the first cities that saw large demonstrations at the start of the

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Mackenzie, Compton (1951). Eastern Epic. London: Chatto & Windus. OCLC 1412578.P.122

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The people of Deir ez-Zor sought to get rid of British rule and wrote their wish to the

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In the demonstrations on Friday, 22 April 2011 (the sixth Friday in the history of the

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of Palmyra in the third century, within an autonomous federation of the Roman Empire.

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Al-Saqal, Fathallah, wholesale execution, Manarat al-Furat magazine, 09/2009, p. 29.

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to secure the whole western bank of the Euphrates, which ended on 17 December 2017.

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to request support Abu Ubaidah with forces from Iraq, who were then organized under

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had not subdued them as it was preoccupied with its wars and the corruption of its

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remained mayor, During this period, Fadel Al-Aboud and a number of leaders of the

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The government continued until the arrival of Sharif Nasser, the cousin of prince

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to help protect them and provide them with food, housing, safety and livelihoods.

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Syrian security forces took complete control of the city in August 2011, but the

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At the time, Deir Ez-Zor were adherents of Christianity and Judaism. There was a

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to march with half of the Iraqi army to the Levant and command the armies there.

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began to revive it and get it out of isolation. Young people start traveling to

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from their hideouts and surrendered themselves to avoid arresting their women.

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Hassan Al-Abed Al-Salamah, the moment of his execution by the French occupation

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and few other publications are published there and circulated in neighbouring

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in 1807; it was repeatedly plundered and destroyed by the Bedouin because the

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Alshamary, Anwar, Biggest Baggara Tribe, Dar Almaref, Homs, 1996, Page: 363.

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A Question of Genocide: Armenians and Turks at the End of the Ottoman Empire

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cultural clubs increased, electricity existed, and cafes became widespread.

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in 1914, the Ottoman empire began systematic campaigns to kill and displace

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Golden Biography – Deir ez-Zor Bride of the Euphrates and the Syrian island

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and chose it as a center for their employees and settled in some of tribal

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BBC TV World News (7 Dec 2015) – Deir-al-Zour is variant used by BBC News

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helped Al-Ayyash guides the revolutionaries to strike the French forces.

1412: 1166: 1150: 1136: 1132: 1028: 857: 798: 689: 681: 551: 496: 4057: 2264:

The majority of Deiries (from Deir ez-Zor) are Arab Muslims, with a few

5846: 5811: 5806: 5766: 5751: 5721: 5616: 5586: 5501: 5371: 5341: 5311: 5281: 5256: 5216: 5196: 5151: 5102: 5087: 5042: 5002: 4992: 4982: 4977: 4967: 4962: 4887: 4882: 4794: 4222:"Syria: "Dozens" killed in the army's invasion of Deir Ezzor and Houla" 2388: 2303: 2133: 1897: 1800: 1287: 1178: 1088: 1052: 1024: 1009: 943: 934: 873: 861: 736: 724: 417: 335: 271: 1744:, to form revolutionary groups with them to strike the French forces. 773: 5936: 5891: 5801: 5776: 5771: 5761: 5726: 5696: 5546: 5506: 5486: 5396: 5366: 5131: 5052: 5032: 4997: 4957: 4952: 4927: 4877: 4862: 4857: 4819: 4754: 3435:. In Ronald Grigor Suny; Fatma Muge Gocek; Norman M. Naimark (eds.). 1977: 1908: 1881: 1869: 1854: 1725: 1697: 1603: 1591: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1048: 1005: 1001: 939: 845: 693: 685: 393: 372: 1516:, known as the "Gouraud ultimatum ", he set four days to accept it. 1020:

trees, lemons, and oranges, the chess game is common among elders".

688:, one of whose urban centers was the city of Deir Ez-Zor (alongside 4409:

Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world

1915:

Mosque where the absent prayers held for the spirit of this martyr

5931: 5901: 5421: 5391: 5326: 5226: 5156: 5126: 4804: 4789: 4764: 4732: 3460: 2356: 2300: 2252: 1934: 1926: 1893: 1687: 1679: 1664: 1654: 1583: 1496: 1485: 1457: 1428: 1331: 1320: 1263: 1226: 1174: 1109: 976: 959: 927: 772: 752: 656: 622: 484: 237: 4312:"Eastern Syria attack kills at least 10 oil workers: State media" 3517:"Der Zor, Syria, Armenian Genocide Monument and Memorial Complex" 2295:

variety of Arabic is used in the city; a slight influence of the

1724:

to disperse their forces, and ease the pressure on the rebels of

1464:

in Italy then to London in October 1920 at the invitation of the

5651: 4922: 4872: 4784: 4774: 3090: 2234: 1468:, Upon his departure, the monarchy in Syria ended and began the 1408: 1158: 1143: 1068: 869: 865: 762: 397: 4703: 4472: 1992:. And in the same year (1941), British-led forces defeated the 1016:

and corn, along with orchards full of fruit species, including

5171: 4468: 4286: 3939:"One of the epics of heroic martyrdom in the Euphrates Valley" 3499:"Deir Ezzor is free of Armenians in memory of their massacres" 3192: 1074:

In 1831 Ibrahim Pasha took over Deir ez-Zor and annexed it to

3170: 4299:

Isil facing endgame after fall of last city in its caliphate

1617:

Later, Fadel Al-Aboud was sentenced to exile to the city of

1614:, In June 1922 he was released and returned to Deir Ez-Zor. 1534:

ended with the loss of the Syrian army and the death of the

964:

The extent of the Ottoman Empire in 1566, upon the death of

785:

played a leading role in the Muslim conquest of the region.

708:, as Deir al-Zour was too small to be considered a threat. 4464:

watch "Isti'mariyah – windward between Naples and Baghdad"

495:

450 km (280 mi) to the northeast of the capital

4350: 1892:

was sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment on the island of

1114:

Ottoman Syria until World War I. Present borders in grey.

899:, which they besieged. Heraclius also sent soldiers from 2306:, Christianity in Deir ez-Zor can be traced back to the 1343:

Trouble broke out in the city of Deir al-Zour after the

821:. Because of the strength and size of the armies of the 3998: 3996: 3994: 3439:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 280–281. 2141:

of the 104th Airborne Brigade led by Brigadier General

2117:

announced the annexation of the city after ousting the

3887: 3885: 3846: 3844: 3842: 3840: 2152:

In early September 2017, the Syrian Army, moving from

1980:. In this government, Mohammad Bey al-Ayesh took over 919:, which he conquered in 17 AH, including Deir Ez-Zor. 503:. In the 2018 census, it had a population of 271,800. 48: 4246:"100,000 Civilians under ISIS Siege in Eastern Syria" 3591: 3589: 3249:

A History of Christianity in Asia: Beginnings to 1500

1769:

Aslibi Masoud Al-Abdul Jalil (Al-Shumaitiya village).

832:

Khalid set off with his army towards Sham and opened

3269:

The Ottoman Census System and Population, 1831–1914.

3171:"الرئيس الأسد يصدر مرسومين بتعيين أربعة محافظين جدد" 1772:

Khaleef Al-Hassan Al-Muhammad (Al-Kuraitia village).

470: 358: 5101: 4837: 4744: 4674: 4614: 4593: 4577: 4556: 4539: 4522: 4506: 3916:"Abdul Qader Ayash, Mirror of the Euphrates Valley" 1760:

Haji Ali Al-Abed Al-Salama (Al-Shumaitiya village).

1621:after he was accused of preparing a revolt against 1610:and during his imprisonment he met with the leader 1082:rule remained until 1840 when the authority of the 749:

Iyad ibn Ghanm § Conquest of Upper Mesopotamia

611:

Iyad ibn Ghanm § Conquest of Upper Mesopotamia

438: 426: 416: 404: 383: 366: 334: 326: 321: 313: 305: 297: 292: 280: 270: 258: 246: 231: 37: 4119: 4117: 3664:"First Arab government and dreams of independence" 3374: 3372: 3370: 2275:Deir ez-Zor was the final concentration place for 1763:Hassan Al-Abed Al-Salamah (Al-Shumaitiya village). 1754:Hakami Al-Abed Al-Salameh (Al-Shumaitiya village). 3743:Al Ahali for printing publishing and distribution 3573:Al Ahali for printing publishing and distribution 1931:Flag of Independence in the Syrian Republic 1946. 569:Many different romanizations are used, including 4005:"Abdul Qader Al-Ayyash Researcher and historian" 3981:"Deir Ezzor in the Syrian National Social Party" 3857:. Syria – Deir ezzor: Dar Alturath. p. 753. 2105:Eastern Syria campaign (September–December 2017) 1766:Hamza Al-Abed Al-Salama (Al-Shumaitiya village). 1078:and appointed Maejun Agha governor of the city, 684:settled the area and established the kingdom of 483:Dayrāʾ Zəʿōrtāʾ) is the largest city in eastern 4435:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 4026: 4024: 4022: 1951:The city was neglected during the reign of the 1810: 1757:Aziz Al-Ali Al-Salamah (Al-Shumaitiya village). 1704:There were contacts between the leaders of the 1139:of Deir ez-Zor after it was annexed to Aleppo. 781:region (Upper Mesopotamia) in the 8th century. 4060:. 7 October 2012 – via Internet Archive. 3776: 3774: 1784:Abdullah Al-Khalaf Ibrahim (Deir ez-Zor city). 727:language remained prevalent in the city. When 4715: 4484: 4168:"Demonstration in Damascus demanding freedom" 3975: 3973: 3971: 3866: 3864: 2164:were lifted. By 3 November 2017, the SAA had 1047:were established in it, and the road between 1023:Deir Ez-Zor has repeatedly been subjected to 491:in the country. Located on the banks of the 8: 4360:. Jude.edu.sy. Retrieved on 29 October 2013. 4033:"Druze Unitarians and the Syrian Revolution" 3598:"Deir Ezzor a city on the banks of paradise" 3272:International Journal of Middle East Studies 42: 3534:Bukhapur revolution with dates and evidence 2406:Köppen-Geiger climate classification system 1960:which three deputies represented the city. 4722: 4708: 4700: 4491: 4477: 4469: 3117:Armenian genocide Memorial Church, Der Zor 2415: 2052:The destroyed city of Deir Ez-Zor in 2018. 852:. Abu Ubaidah was ordered to complete the 848:in 13 AH (634 AD), Khalid was replaced by 514:is a common shorthand for Deir ez-Zor. In 34: 3851:Al-Shaheen, Mazen Mohammad Fayez (2009). 3204: 3202: 2419:Climate data for Deir Ez-Zor (1961–1990) 2229:it has become a centre for the country's 1708:and some patriots of Syrian east area as 1512:issued an ultimatum to the government of 1328:, Head of Deir ez-Zor Government in 1918. 715:crossed the region and built the city of 677:, which rose in the third millennium BC. 6013:Populated places in Deir ez-Zor District 4239: 4237: 4235: 4153:The civilization of the Euphrates Valley 4127:The civilization of the Euphrates Valley 3713:The civilization of the Euphrates Valley 3696:The civilization of the Euphrates Valley 3648:The civilization of the Euphrates Valley 3399:The civilization of the Euphrates Valley 3382:The civilization of the Euphrates Valley 3360:The civilization of the Euphrates Valley 3326:The civilization of the Euphrates Valley 3309:The civilization of the Euphrates Valley 3210:"Syrian Ministry of Tourism (in Arabic)" 2175:From 8 September 2017 to 23 March 2019, 836:and then defeated the Byzantines at the 5998:Populated places on the Euphrates River 3958:"Denshway in Syria hero Mahmoud Ayyash" 3872:"Memoirs of Lawyer Fathallah Al-Saqqal" 3144: 2214:sheep), cereals and cotton crops. Many 2179:east of the Euphrates River led by the 1781:Hameed Al-Sultan (Al-Kuraitia village). 437: 425: 403: 365: 333: 320: 312: 291: 279: 230: 195: 90: 63: 4431:"Deir Ezzor Climate Normals 1961–1990" 3898:The Culture and Heritage of Deir Ezzor 3894:"Abdelkader Ayyash in his folk museum" 3626:from the original on 18 September 2018 1778:Ahmed Al-Hassan (Al-Kuraitia village). 1775:Lions of Hamdan (Al-Kuraitia village). 1720:region and opened a front against the 1204:activity of the city. The outbreak of 530:secluded monasteries spread since the 32:City in Deir ez-Zor Governorate, Syria 3761: 3759: 2299:can be noticed as well. Dominated by 692:, Qars, and Tarka and its capital of 415: 382: 325: 304: 296: 269: 257: 245: 7: 4402:"Klimatafel von Deir Ezzor / Syrien" 4043:from the original on 3 October 2019. 3301: 3299: 3297: 3295: 3293: 3291: 3289: 1523:in violation of the decision of the 942:period until its destruction by the 879:After the successive defeats of the 680:During the third millennium BC, the 499:, Deir ez-Zor is the capital of the 49: 4411:(in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst 2322: 1415:, The Iraqi officers of the Iraqi " 1004:to protect the trade route between 460: 348: 171: 151:Deir ez-Zor (Eastern Mediterranean) 138: 105: 43: 4277:The Independent, 5 September 2017. 3497:Al-Ahmed, Safwan (26 April 2014). 3346:. Al-Mashreq Magazine. p. 38. 1853:The revolutionaries were tried in 1436:The Second government of Haj Fadel 1290:as a pilgrimage to the Armenians. 25: 4530:Armenian Genocide Memorial Church 4244:Chris Tomson (12 December 2015). 3854:History of Deir Ezzor Governorate 3461:"Armenians in Deir ez-Zor, Syria" 2313:The city was also famous for the 2285:Armenian genocide Memorial Church 2218:institutions work there as well. 1606:, where he was imprisoned in the 1388:and other tribes represented the 1317:The first government of Haj Fadel 1272:Armenian genocide Memorial Church 984:, the ruler of Syria (1831–1840). 461:دَيْرُ ٱلزَّوْرِ / دَيْرُ ٱلزُّور 154:Show map of Eastern Mediterranean 4828: 4731: 4094:Sheikh Khafaji, Ghassan (2019). 3892:Sheikh Khafaji, Ghassan (2018). 3478:Hanna, Abdullah (9 March 2018). 2387: 2241:) in Al-Jafra suburb. There are 2160:of both the city as well as the 2101:Siege of Deir ez-Zor (2014–2017) 2067:and the militias supporting it. 2045: 2034: 1982:the Ministry of National Economy 1868:The French High Commissioner in 1641:The struggle against the Mandate 665:to the southeast of Deir ez-Zor. 236: 170: 163: 137: 130: 104: 97: 65: 4301:The Telegraph, 3 November 2017. 3662:Zidane, Rgda (1 January 2015). 2197:oil workers were killed by ISIS 1712:, who met in Damascus with Dr. 1673:, The High Commissioner of the 992:era extended from the date the 2396:, Armenia, since October 2010. 2109:Deir ez-Zor campaign (2017–19) 1157:, which did not report to the 1095:Second Ottoman Era (1864–1918) 1: 6003:Armenian communities in Syria 3153:"Deir ez-Zor city population" 3122:Deir ez-Zor suspension bridge 2315:Deir ez-Zor suspension bridge 2026:Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–14) 1988:in Deir Ez-Zor in successive 1941:Deir ez-Zor suspension bridge 1508:In July 1920, French General 1161:but reported directly to the 973:First Ottoman Era (1517–1864) 77:Memorial of Armenian genocide 4459:Short history of Deir ez-Zor 4150:Ayyash, Abdul Qader (1989). 4124:Ayyash, Abdul Qader (1989). 3710:Ayyash, Abdul Qader (1989). 3693:Ayyash, Abdul Qader (1989). 3645:Ayyash, Abdul Qader (1989). 3396:Ayyash, Abdul Qader (1989). 3379:Ayyash, Abdul Qader (1989). 3357:Ayyash, Abdul Qader (1989). 3323:Ayyash, Abdul Qader (1989). 3306:Ayyash, Abdul Qader (1989). 1692:Ayyash Al-Hajj grave at the 1564:The State of Greater Lebanon 1402:Faisal Ibn Al-Sharif Hussein 3340:Nouri, Abdel Karim (1907). 2892:Average precipitation days 2678:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2538:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 2128:ISIS militants launched an 1456:left Syria for Hauran then 946:in the thirteenth century. 885:Byzantine Emperor Heraclius 757:A map showing the march of 471: 359: 6029: 3962:Manaraa Euphrates Magazine 3602:Al-Quds Al-Arabi Newspaper 3107:The epic of Ain Albu Gomaa 3088: 3080: 2418: 2347:The local daily newspaper 2113:By the beginning of 2014, 2098: 2023: 1919:in all the Syrian cities. 1647:The epic of Ain Albu Gomaa 1644: 1479: 1359:, on 1 December 1918, and 1297: 1216: 1199:lasted 54 years, where 29 1103: 953: 887:requested the help of the 746: 642: 608: 472:Dayru z-Zawr / Dayru z-Zūr 4826: 4738:Cities and towns of Syria 4690: 3937:Alngers, Mahmoud (2005). 3735:Prepare: Walid al-Mashouh 3565:Prepare: Walid al-Mashouh 3521:www.armenian-genocide.org 3251:. Harper, San Francisco. 3033: 2986: 2938: 2891: 2817: 2747: 2677: 2607: 2537: 2467: 2462: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2450: 2447: 2444: 2441: 2438: 2435: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2423: 1582:The city of Deir ez-Zor, 850:Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah 811:Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah 719:. Although influenced by 711:In the third century BC, 522:) means "little"; hence, 196: 91: 64: 57: 4692:This list is incomplete. 4388:3 September 2011 at the 4071:Marzouq, Yasser (2012). 4058:"محمد العايش 1880 -1968" 4031:Morshed, Faisal (2016). 3538:Website Al-Muhasan City. 2190:Battle of Baghuz Fawqani 2181:Syrian Democratic Forces 1816:deserves hanging twice. 1525:Syrian National Congress 1394:Syrian National Congress 1371:On 11 January 1919, the 966:Suleiman the Magnificent 661:From the discoveries of 317:210 m (690 ft) 4666:2022 Deir ez-Zor attack 4356:2 November 2016 at the 4289:SANA, 9 September 2017. 3247:Moffett, S. H. (1992): 2363:International relations 2221:Since the discovery of 1714:Abdul Rahman Shahbandar 1706:Great Syrian Revolution 1694:Sultan Ibrahim al-Adham 1675:French Mandate of Syria 1482:French mandate of Syria 1400:and the appointment of 1153:was transformed to the 1118:On 2 January 1858, the 501:Deir ez-Zor Governorate 276:Deir ez-Zor Subdistrict 253:Deir ez-Zor Governorate 85:Panorama of Deir ez-Zor 5527:Khirbet al-Tin Mahmoud 4973:al-Mukharram al-Foqani 4628:Epic of Ain Albu Gomaa 4003:Fattouh, Issa (2017). 3956:Alarfi, Subhi (2008). 3596:Sabbagh, Rand (2017). 3083:Deutscher Wetterdienst 2261: 2137:presence of the elite 1998:Syria–Lebanon campaign 1953:first ٍSyrian republic 1948: 1932: 1880:family to the city of 1857:, where The family of 1818: 1701: 1685: 1677: 1662: 1599:French colonial forces 1576:Sanjak of Alexandretta 1505: 1494: 1340: 1329: 1232: 1115: 985: 969: 786: 770: 666: 635: 83: • March 8 Square 4634:Battle of Deir ez-Zor 4615:Battles and conflicts 4569:Al-Jazeera University 4351:Al Jazeera University 3914:Qaisar, Saab (2015). 3739:Hadarat Wady Alfurat 3569:Hadarat Wady Alfurat 2260:Museum in Deir ez-Zor 2256: 2130:offensive in May 2015 2095:Partial ISIS takeover 2024:Further information: 1969:Taj al-Din al-Hassani 1965:first Syrian Republic 1938: 1930: 1691: 1683: 1668: 1658: 1645:Further information: 1530:on 24 July 1920, the 1500: 1489: 1480:Further information: 1398:Arab Kingdom of Syria 1361:Mar'i Pasha al-Mallah 1357:Faisal Bin Al-Hussein 1335: 1326:Fadel Aboud Al-Hassan 1324: 1312:Arab Kingdom of Syria 1298:Further information: 1230: 1217:Further information: 1113: 1104:Further information: 980: 963: 954:Further information: 789:After the end of the 776: 756: 747:Further information: 660: 643:Further information: 626: 609:Further information: 440:International airport 385: • Summer ( 309:Mohamed Ibrahim Samra 301:Moataz Tayseer Qattan 298: • Governor 281:Date of establishment 27:City in eastern Syria 5857:al-Surah al-Saghirah 4547:Haj Fadel Government 4507:Archaeological sites 3431:Fuat Dündar (2011). 3267:Shaw, S. J. (1978): 3112:Haj Fadel Government 2468:Record high °C (°F) 2341:Aljazeera University 2231:petroleum extraction 2177:a military operation 2121:and a detachment of 2020:Protests (2011–2012) 1466:British royal family 1423:. So they appointed 1363:on 7 December 1918. 1350:Haj Fadel Government 1304:Haj Fadel Government 1235:At the beginning of 819:Shurahbil ibn Hasana 807:Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan 801:sent four armies to 619:Haj Fadel Government 265:Deir ez-Zor District 5702:Rasm Harmil al-Imam 4585:Deir ez-Zor Airport 4564:Al-Furat University 4073:"Mohammed Al-Ayesh" 3544:10 May 2017 at the 3467:. 17 February 2015. 3238:, s.v. ܕܝܪܐ; ܙܥܘܪܬܐ 2748:Record low °C (°F) 2608:Daily mean °C (°F) 2371:Deir ez-Zor Airport 2335:Al-Furat University 2123:Syrian Armed Forces 1907:family's living in 1890:Mohammed ِAl-Ayyash 1863:French intelligence 1814:Mohammed ِAl-Ayyash 1787:Hamad Bin Rdaini – 1710:Mohammed ِAl-Ayyash 1425:Ramadan al-Shallash 924:Christian monastery 909:Saad ibn Abi Waqqas 905:Omar ibn al-Khattab 842:Umar ibn Al-Khattab 827:Khalid ibn al-Walid 825:, Abu Bakr ordered 759:Khalid ibn al-Walid 713:Alexander the Great 564:Deir ez-Zor Vilayet 445:Deir ez-Zor Airport 212: / 3985:Al-Benaa Newspaper 3943:Al-furat Newspaper 3920:Al-Watan Newspaper 3236:Thesaurus Syriacus 3195:. 26 October 2020. 2327:Deir ez-Zor Museum 2262: 2195:In December 2022, 1990:Syrian Governments 1967:. The first after 1949: 1933: 1886:Mahmoud ِAl-Ayyash 1821:Officer Bono 1925. 1702: 1686: 1678: 1663: 1623:French colonialism 1532:Battle of Maysalun 1506: 1495: 1460:and from there to 1446:Battle of Maysalun 1421:British occupation 1341: 1330: 1233: 1116: 986: 970: 838:Battle of Ajnadayn 787: 771: 667: 636: 634:, 25th century BC) 410:Country code: 963 327: • Total 306: • Mayor 184:Deir ez-Zor (Asia) 5975: 5974: 5317:al-Hajar al-Aswad 4697: 4696: 4622:Deir ez-Zor Camps 4540:Local governments 4514:Suspension bridge 4208:France 24 Channel 4077:Syrianna Magazine 4009:Almarifa Magazine 3876:Al-Furat Magazine 3446:978-0-19-978104-1 3418:Armenian genocide 3127:Deir ez-Zor Camps 3096: 3095: 2941:relative humidity 2408:classifies it as 2332:Main campuses of 2277:Deir ez-Zor Camps 2258:Armenian genocide 2225:petroleum in the 2139:Republican Guards 2074:), the statue of 2072:Syrian revolution 1913:Ibrahim ibn Adham 1751:Mahmoud Al-Ayyash 1732:, after returned 1590:were followed to 1570:Jabal Druze State 1546:State of Damascus 1308:Occupation of Zor 1284:Armenian Orthodox 1280:Catholicos Aram I 1268:Armenian Diaspora 1223:Armenian genocide 1219:Deir ez-Zor Camps 1213:Armenian genocide 917:Upper Mesopotamia 795:Arabian Peninsula 628:Statue of Ebih-Il 532:persecution times 469: 450: 449: 357: 288:(old Deir Ezzour) 216:35.333°N 40.150°E 121:Show map of Syria 118:Location in Syria 73:Suspension bridge 16:(Redirected from 6020: 5822:al-Shaykh Maskin 5522:Khirbet Ghazaleh 5352:Harran al-Awamid 4943:Maarat al-Numaan 4938:Jisr ash-Shughur 4832: 4736: 4735: 4724: 4717: 4710: 4701: 4594:Prominent people 4532:(destroyed 2014) 4493: 4486: 4479: 4470: 4446: 4445: 4443: 4441: 4427: 4421: 4420: 4418: 4416: 4406: 4398: 4392: 4379: 4373: 4367: 4361: 4348: 4342: 4340:BBC News website 4335: 4329: 4328: 4326: 4324: 4308: 4302: 4296: 4290: 4284: 4278: 4272: 4266: 4265: 4263: 4261: 4256:on 31 March 2019 4252:. Archived from 4241: 4230: 4229: 4228:. 7 August 2011. 4218: 4212: 4211: 4200: 4194: 4193: 4192:. 15 April 2011. 4182: 4176: 4175: 4174:. 15 March 2011. 4164: 4158: 4157: 4147: 4141: 4138: 4132: 4131: 4121: 4112: 4111: 4091: 4085: 4084: 4068: 4062: 4061: 4054: 4048: 4044: 4028: 4017: 4016: 4000: 3989: 3988: 3977: 3966: 3965: 3953: 3947: 3946: 3934: 3928: 3927: 3911: 3905: 3901: 3889: 3880: 3879: 3868: 3859: 3858: 3848: 3835: 3829: 3823: 3817: 3811: 3808: 3804: 3800: 3796: 3790: 3784: 3778: 3769: 3763: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3742: 3738: 3734: 3730: 3724: 3718: 3717: 3707: 3701: 3700: 3690: 3684: 3683: 3681: 3679: 3670:. Archived from 3659: 3653: 3652: 3642: 3636: 3635: 3633: 3631: 3616: 3610: 3609: 3593: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3554: 3548: 3537: 3531: 3525: 3524: 3513: 3507: 3506: 3494: 3488: 3487: 3475: 3469: 3468: 3457: 3451: 3450: 3428: 3422: 3421: 3410: 3404: 3403: 3393: 3387: 3386: 3376: 3365: 3364: 3354: 3348: 3347: 3337: 3331: 3330: 3320: 3314: 3313: 3303: 3284: 3281: 3275: 3265: 3259: 3245: 3239: 3234:R. Payne Smith, 3232: 3226: 3225: 3223: 3221: 3216:on 27 April 2020 3212:. Archived from 3206: 3197: 3196: 3189: 3183: 3182: 3180: 3178: 3167: 3161: 3160: 3159:on 31 July 2012. 3155:. Archived from 3149: 2895: 2416: 2392: 2391: 2324: 2166:fully recaptured 2143:Issam Zahreddine 2089:Free Syrian Army 2061:Syrian civil war 2049: 2038: 1822: 1619:Jisr al-Shughour 1294:Post World War I 823:Byzantine Empire 482: 474: 464: 462: 390: 362: 352: 350: 241: 240: 227: 226: 224: 223: 222: 217: 213: 210: 209: 208: 205: 188: 187:Show map of Asia 174: 173: 167: 155: 141: 140: 134: 122: 108: 107: 101: 69: 52: 51: 46: 45: 35: 21: 6028: 6027: 6023: 6022: 6021: 6019: 6018: 6017: 5993:Cities in Syria 5978: 5977: 5976: 5971: 5827:Shayukh Tahtani 5817:Shaykh al-Hadid 5667:Qalaat al-Madiq 5537:Ma'arrat Misrin 5512:Kuwayris Sharqi 5097: 5063:al-Suqaylabiyah 5058:ash-Shaykh Badr 4833: 4824: 4740: 4730: 4728: 4698: 4693: 4686: 4670: 4610: 4589: 4573: 4552: 4535: 4518: 4502: 4497: 4455: 4450: 4449: 4439: 4437: 4429: 4428: 4424: 4414: 4412: 4404: 4400: 4399: 4395: 4390:Wayback Machine 4380: 4376: 4368: 4364: 4358:Wayback Machine 4349: 4345: 4336: 4332: 4322: 4320: 4310: 4309: 4305: 4297: 4293: 4285: 4281: 4273: 4269: 4259: 4257: 4243: 4242: 4233: 4220: 4219: 4215: 4210:. 15 July 2011. 4202: 4201: 4197: 4184: 4183: 4179: 4166: 4165: 4161: 4149: 4148: 4144: 4139: 4135: 4123: 4122: 4115: 4108: 4093: 4092: 4088: 4070: 4069: 4065: 4056: 4055: 4051: 4030: 4029: 4020: 4002: 4001: 3992: 3979: 3978: 3969: 3955: 3954: 3950: 3936: 3935: 3931: 3913: 3912: 3908: 3891: 3890: 3883: 3870: 3869: 3862: 3850: 3849: 3838: 3830: 3826: 3818: 3814: 3806: 3805:Furat newspaper 3802: 3801:Bo Jimaa Bottel 3798: 3794: 3791: 3787: 3779: 3772: 3764: 3757: 3748: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3725: 3721: 3709: 3708: 3704: 3692: 3691: 3687: 3677: 3675: 3674:on 17 July 2019 3661: 3660: 3656: 3644: 3643: 3639: 3629: 3627: 3618: 3617: 3613: 3595: 3594: 3587: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3562: 3558: 3555: 3551: 3546:Wayback Machine 3535: 3532: 3528: 3515: 3514: 3510: 3496: 3495: 3491: 3477: 3476: 3472: 3459: 3458: 3454: 3447: 3430: 3429: 3425: 3412: 3411: 3407: 3395: 3394: 3390: 3378: 3377: 3368: 3356: 3355: 3351: 3339: 3338: 3334: 3322: 3321: 3317: 3305: 3304: 3287: 3282: 3278: 3266: 3262: 3246: 3242: 3233: 3229: 3219: 3217: 3208: 3207: 3200: 3191: 3190: 3186: 3176: 3174: 3169: 3168: 3164: 3151: 3150: 3146: 3141: 3136: 3102: 3097: 2893: 2886: 2881: 2876: 2871: 2866: 2861: 2856: 2851: 2846: 2841: 2836: 2831: 2826: 2812: 2807: 2802: 2797: 2792: 2787: 2782: 2777: 2772: 2767: 2762: 2757: 2752: 2742: 2737: 2732: 2727: 2722: 2717: 2712: 2707: 2702: 2697: 2692: 2687: 2682: 2672: 2667: 2662: 2657: 2652: 2647: 2642: 2637: 2632: 2627: 2622: 2617: 2612: 2602: 2597: 2592: 2587: 2582: 2577: 2572: 2567: 2562: 2557: 2552: 2547: 2542: 2532: 2527: 2522: 2517: 2512: 2507: 2502: 2497: 2492: 2487: 2482: 2477: 2472: 2403: 2386: 2383: 2365: 2281:Euphrates River 2270:Assyrian/Syriac 2251: 2208: 2111: 2097: 2065:security forces 2057: 2056: 2055: 2054: 2053: 2050: 2041: 2040: 2039: 2028: 2022: 1925: 1874:Maurice Sarrail 1833:revolutionaries 1824: 1820: 1671:Maurice Sarrail 1669:French General 1653: 1643: 1552:State of Aleppo 1536:Minister of War 1484: 1478: 1438: 1427:as governor of 1369: 1319: 1314: 1296: 1225: 1215: 1195:The era of the 1108: 1102: 1097: 975: 958: 952: 889:Arab Christians 751: 745: 743:Muslim conquest 731:came under the 702:Assyrian Empire 655: 641: 639:Ancient history 621: 607: 528:Early Christian 509: 493:Euphrates River 489:seventh largest 480: 479:: ܕܝܪܐ ܙܥܘܪܬܐ, 411: 384: 343: 235: 220: 218: 214: 211: 206: 203: 201: 199: 198: 192: 191: 190: 189: 186: 185: 182: 181: 180: 179: 175: 158: 157: 156: 153: 152: 149: 148: 147: 146: 142: 125: 124: 123: 120: 119: 116: 115: 114: 113: 109: 87: 86: 84: 81:Euphrates River 79: 60: 53: 47: 40: 33: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6026: 6024: 6016: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5980: 5979: 5973: 5972: 5970: 5969: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5809: 5804: 5799: 5794: 5789: 5784: 5779: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5737:al-Sabe' Biyar 5734: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5704: 5699: 5694: 5689: 5684: 5679: 5674: 5669: 5664: 5659: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5592:Mashta al-Helu 5589: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5564: 5559: 5554: 5549: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5524: 5519: 5514: 5509: 5504: 5499: 5494: 5489: 5484: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5432:Jubb al-Jarrah 5429: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5359: 5354: 5349: 5344: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5324: 5319: 5314: 5309: 5304: 5302:al-Ghizlaniyah 5299: 5294: 5289: 5284: 5279: 5274: 5269: 5264: 5259: 5254: 5249: 5244: 5239: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5194: 5189: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5169: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5108: 5106: 5099: 5098: 5096: 5095: 5090: 5085: 5080: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5015: 5010: 5005: 5000: 4995: 4990: 4985: 4980: 4975: 4970: 4965: 4960: 4955: 4950: 4945: 4940: 4935: 4930: 4925: 4920: 4915: 4910: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4885: 4880: 4875: 4870: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4844: 4842: 4835: 4834: 4827: 4825: 4823: 4822: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4751: 4749: 4742: 4741: 4729: 4727: 4726: 4719: 4712: 4704: 4695: 4694: 4691: 4688: 4687: 4685: 4684: 4678: 4676: 4672: 4671: 4669: 4668: 4663: 4657: 4656: 4655: 4654:(11 June 2013) 4652:Hatla massacre 4649: 4637: 4631: 4625: 4618: 4616: 4612: 4611: 4609: 4608: 4603: 4601:Fadel Al-Aboud 4597: 4595: 4591: 4590: 4588: 4587: 4581: 4579: 4575: 4574: 4572: 4571: 4566: 4560: 4558: 4554: 4553: 4551: 4550: 4543: 4541: 4537: 4536: 4534: 4533: 4526: 4524: 4520: 4519: 4517: 4516: 4510: 4508: 4504: 4503: 4498: 4496: 4495: 4488: 4481: 4473: 4467: 4466: 4461: 4454: 4453:External links 4451: 4448: 4447: 4422: 4393: 4381:Al-Baath news 4374: 4362: 4343: 4330: 4303: 4291: 4279: 4267: 4250:Al-Masdar News 4231: 4213: 4195: 4177: 4159: 4142: 4133: 4113: 4106: 4086: 4063: 4049: 4018: 3990: 3967: 3948: 3929: 3906: 3881: 3860: 3836: 3824: 3812: 3785: 3770: 3755: 3719: 3702: 3685: 3654: 3637: 3611: 3585: 3549: 3526: 3508: 3489: 3470: 3452: 3445: 3423: 3420:. 2 July 1985. 3405: 3388: 3366: 3349: 3332: 3315: 3285: 3276: 3260: 3240: 3227: 3198: 3184: 3162: 3143: 3142: 3140: 3137: 3135: 3134: 3129: 3124: 3119: 3114: 3109: 3103: 3101: 3098: 3094: 3093: 3086: 3085: 3078: 3077: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3065: 3062: 3059: 3056: 3053: 3050: 3047: 3044: 3041: 3038: 3036:sunshine hours 3031: 3030: 3027: 3024: 3021: 3018: 3015: 3012: 3009: 3006: 3003: 3000: 2997: 2994: 2991: 2989:sunshine hours 2984: 2983: 2980: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2968: 2965: 2962: 2959: 2956: 2953: 2950: 2947: 2944: 2936: 2935: 2932: 2929: 2926: 2923: 2920: 2917: 2914: 2911: 2908: 2905: 2902: 2899: 2896: 2889: 2888: 2883: 2878: 2873: 2868: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2848: 2843: 2838: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2815: 2814: 2809: 2804: 2799: 2794: 2789: 2784: 2779: 2774: 2769: 2764: 2759: 2754: 2749: 2745: 2744: 2739: 2734: 2729: 2724: 2719: 2714: 2709: 2704: 2699: 2694: 2689: 2684: 2679: 2675: 2674: 2669: 2664: 2659: 2654: 2649: 2644: 2639: 2634: 2629: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2609: 2605: 2604: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2564: 2559: 2554: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2535: 2534: 2529: 2524: 2519: 2514: 2509: 2504: 2499: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2479: 2474: 2469: 2465: 2464: 2461: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2449: 2446: 2443: 2440: 2437: 2434: 2431: 2428: 2425: 2421: 2420: 2414: 2402: 2399: 2398: 2397: 2382: 2379: 2364: 2361: 2359:governorates. 2297:Aleppo dialect 2250: 2247: 2207: 2204: 2162:city's airport 2096: 2093: 2079:al-Assad, the 2076:Basil al-Assad 2051: 2044: 2043: 2042: 2033: 2032: 2031: 2030: 2029: 2021: 2018: 2008:their rights. 1924: 1921: 1903:Shortly after 1809: 1793: 1792: 1785: 1782: 1779: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1764: 1761: 1758: 1755: 1752: 1642: 1639: 1612:Ibrahim Hanano 1580: 1579: 1573: 1567: 1561: 1555: 1549: 1539:Yusuf al-'Azma 1477: 1476:French Mandate 1474: 1470:French Mandate 1437: 1434: 1411:government in 1392:region at the 1378:Fadel Al-Aboud 1368: 1367:British period 1365: 1318: 1315: 1300:Fadel Al-Aboud 1295: 1292: 1256:Fadel Al-Aboud 1214: 1211: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1033:Ottoman Empire 974: 971: 951: 948: 913:Iyad ibn Ghanm 881:Byzantine army 815:Amr ibn al-Aas 744: 741: 670:Archaeological 640: 637: 606: 603: 508: 505: 448: 447: 442: 436: 435: 430: 424: 423: 420: 414: 413: 412:City code: 051 408: 402: 401: 391: 381: 380: 370: 364: 363: 338: 332: 331: 328: 324: 323: 319: 318: 315: 311: 310: 307: 303: 302: 299: 295: 294: 290: 289: 282: 278: 277: 274: 268: 267: 262: 256: 255: 250: 244: 243: 233: 229: 228: 221:35.333; 40.150 194: 193: 183: 177: 176: 169: 168: 162: 161: 160: 159: 150: 144: 143: 136: 135: 129: 128: 127: 126: 117: 111: 110: 103: 102: 96: 95: 94: 93: 92: 89: 88: 71: 70: 62: 61: 58: 55: 54: 41: 38: 31: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6025: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5985: 5983: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5957:al-Yaarubiyah 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5947:Urum al-Kubra 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5920: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5907:Tell al-Daman 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5775: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5703: 5700: 5698: 5695: 5693: 5690: 5688: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5663: 5662:al-Qahtaniyah 5660: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5637:al-Nashabiyah 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5622:al-Musayfirah 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5510: 5508: 5505: 5503: 5500: 5498: 5497:Khan Shaykhun 5495: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5467:Kafr Takharim 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5300: 5298: 5295: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5268: 5265: 5263: 5262:al-Darbasiyah 5260: 5258: 5255: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5245: 5243: 5240: 5238: 5235: 5233: 5230: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5198: 5195: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5167:Assal al-Ward 5165: 5163: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5117:Abu al-Thuhur 5115: 5113: 5110: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5100: 5094: 5091: 5089: 5086: 5084: 5081: 5079: 5076: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5009: 5006: 5004: 5001: 4999: 4996: 4994: 4991: 4989: 4986: 4984: 4981: 4979: 4976: 4974: 4971: 4969: 4966: 4964: 4961: 4959: 4956: 4954: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4936: 4934: 4931: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4914: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4845: 4843: 4840: 4836: 4831: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4743: 4739: 4734: 4725: 4720: 4718: 4713: 4711: 4706: 4705: 4702: 4689: 4683: 4680: 4679: 4677: 4673: 4667: 4664: 4661: 4658: 4653: 4650: 4648:(19 May 2012) 4647: 4644: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636:(3 July 1941) 4635: 4632: 4629: 4626: 4623: 4620: 4619: 4617: 4613: 4607: 4606:Ayyash Al-Haj 4604: 4602: 4599: 4598: 4596: 4592: 4586: 4583: 4582: 4580: 4576: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4561: 4559: 4555: 4548: 4545: 4544: 4542: 4538: 4531: 4528: 4527: 4525: 4521: 4515: 4512: 4511: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4494: 4489: 4487: 4482: 4480: 4475: 4474: 4471: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4456: 4452: 4436: 4432: 4426: 4423: 4410: 4403: 4397: 4394: 4391: 4387: 4384: 4378: 4375: 4372: 4366: 4363: 4359: 4355: 4352: 4347: 4344: 4341: 4334: 4331: 4319: 4318: 4313: 4307: 4304: 4300: 4295: 4292: 4288: 4283: 4280: 4276: 4271: 4268: 4255: 4251: 4247: 4240: 4238: 4236: 4232: 4227: 4223: 4217: 4214: 4209: 4205: 4199: 4196: 4191: 4187: 4181: 4178: 4173: 4172:Aljazeera.net 4169: 4163: 4160: 4155: 4154: 4146: 4143: 4137: 4134: 4129: 4128: 4120: 4118: 4114: 4109: 4107:9789933005962 4103: 4099: 4098: 4090: 4087: 4082: 4078: 4074: 4067: 4064: 4059: 4053: 4050: 4047: 4042: 4038: 4034: 4027: 4025: 4023: 4019: 4014: 4010: 4006: 3999: 3997: 3995: 3991: 3986: 3982: 3976: 3974: 3972: 3968: 3963: 3959: 3952: 3949: 3944: 3940: 3933: 3930: 3925: 3921: 3917: 3910: 3907: 3904: 3899: 3895: 3888: 3886: 3882: 3877: 3873: 3867: 3865: 3861: 3856: 3855: 3847: 3845: 3843: 3841: 3837: 3833: 3828: 3825: 3821: 3816: 3813: 3809: 3789: 3786: 3782: 3777: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3762: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3747:First Edition 3723: 3720: 3715: 3714: 3706: 3703: 3698: 3697: 3689: 3686: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3658: 3655: 3650: 3649: 3641: 3638: 3625: 3621: 3615: 3612: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3592: 3590: 3586: 3582: 3577:First Edition 3553: 3550: 3547: 3543: 3539: 3530: 3527: 3522: 3518: 3512: 3509: 3504: 3500: 3493: 3490: 3485: 3481: 3474: 3471: 3466: 3462: 3456: 3453: 3448: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3427: 3424: 3419: 3415: 3409: 3406: 3401: 3400: 3392: 3389: 3384: 3383: 3375: 3373: 3371: 3367: 3362: 3361: 3353: 3350: 3345: 3344: 3336: 3333: 3328: 3327: 3319: 3316: 3311: 3310: 3302: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3286: 3280: 3277: 3274:, 9: 325–338. 3273: 3270: 3264: 3261: 3258: 3257:0-06-065779-0 3254: 3250: 3244: 3241: 3237: 3231: 3228: 3215: 3211: 3205: 3203: 3199: 3194: 3188: 3185: 3172: 3166: 3163: 3158: 3154: 3148: 3145: 3138: 3133: 3130: 3128: 3125: 3123: 3120: 3118: 3115: 3113: 3110: 3108: 3105: 3104: 3099: 3092: 3087: 3084: 3079: 3075: 3072: 3069: 3066: 3063: 3060: 3057: 3054: 3051: 3048: 3045: 3042: 3039: 3037: 3032: 3028: 3025: 3022: 3019: 3016: 3013: 3010: 3007: 3004: 3001: 2998: 2995: 2992: 2990: 2987:Mean monthly 2985: 2981: 2978: 2975: 2972: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2957: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2937: 2933: 2930: 2927: 2924: 2921: 2918: 2915: 2912: 2909: 2906: 2903: 2900: 2897: 2890: 2884: 2879: 2874: 2869: 2864: 2859: 2854: 2849: 2844: 2839: 2834: 2829: 2824: 2821: 2820:precipitation 2816: 2810: 2805: 2800: 2795: 2790: 2785: 2780: 2775: 2770: 2765: 2760: 2755: 2750: 2746: 2740: 2735: 2730: 2725: 2720: 2715: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2695: 2690: 2685: 2680: 2676: 2670: 2665: 2660: 2655: 2650: 2645: 2640: 2635: 2630: 2625: 2620: 2615: 2610: 2606: 2600: 2595: 2590: 2585: 2580: 2575: 2570: 2565: 2560: 2555: 2550: 2545: 2540: 2536: 2530: 2525: 2520: 2515: 2510: 2505: 2500: 2495: 2490: 2485: 2480: 2475: 2470: 2466: 2422: 2417: 2413: 2411: 2407: 2400: 2395: 2390: 2385: 2384: 2380: 2378: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2362: 2360: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2345: 2343: 2342: 2337: 2336: 2330: 2328: 2320: 2316: 2311: 2309: 2308:Apostolic Age 2305: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2288: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2273: 2271: 2267: 2259: 2255: 2248: 2246: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2227:Syrian desert 2224: 2219: 2217: 2213: 2205: 2203: 2200: 2198: 2193: 2191: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2173: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2150: 2146: 2144: 2140: 2135: 2131: 2126: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2094: 2092: 2090: 2085: 2082: 2077: 2073: 2068: 2066: 2062: 2048: 2037: 2027: 2019: 2017: 2015: 2009: 2005: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1970: 1966: 1961: 1957: 1954: 1946: 1943:crossing the 1942: 1937: 1929: 1922: 1920: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1905:Ayyash Al-Haj 1901: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1878:Ayyash Al-Haj 1875: 1871: 1866: 1864: 1860: 1859:Ayyash Al-Haj 1856: 1851: 1848: 1843: 1840: 1836: 1834: 1828: 1823: 1817: 1815: 1808: 1806: 1802: 1797: 1790: 1786: 1783: 1780: 1777: 1774: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1749: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1742:Ayyash Al-Haj 1739: 1735: 1731: 1730:Jabal al-Arab 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1699: 1695: 1690: 1682: 1676: 1672: 1667: 1661: 1660:Ayyash Al-Haj 1657: 1652: 1651:Ayyash Al-Haj 1648: 1640: 1638: 1636: 1635:Subhi Barakat 1632: 1631:Alawite state 1627: 1624: 1620: 1615: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1600: 1595: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1558:Alawite State 1556: 1553: 1550: 1547: 1544: 1543: 1542: 1540: 1537: 1533: 1528: 1526: 1522: 1517: 1515: 1511: 1510:Henri Gouraud 1504: 1503:Henri Gouraud 1499: 1493: 1492:Yusuf al-Azma 1488: 1483: 1475: 1473: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1450: 1447: 1442: 1435: 1433: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1417:Al-'Ahd Party 1414: 1410: 1405: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1374: 1366: 1364: 1362: 1358: 1353: 1351: 1346: 1338: 1334: 1327: 1323: 1316: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1293: 1291: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1276:Ottoman Turks 1273: 1269: 1265: 1259: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1244: 1242: 1238: 1229: 1224: 1220: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1202: 1198: 1193: 1191: 1190:afforestation 1187: 1182: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1169:. Its ruler ( 1168: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1149:In 1868, the 1147: 1145: 1140: 1138: 1134: 1128: 1126: 1121: 1112: 1107: 1099: 1094: 1092: 1090: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1072: 1071:for trading. 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1041: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1021: 1019: 1013: 1011: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 991: 983: 982:Ibrahim Pasha 979: 972: 967: 962: 957: 956:Ottoman Syria 949: 947: 945: 941: 936: 931: 929: 925: 920: 918: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 886: 882: 877: 875: 871: 867: 863: 859: 855: 851: 847: 843: 839: 835: 830: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 784: 780: 775: 768: 764: 761:'s army from 760: 755: 750: 742: 740: 738: 734: 730: 726: 722: 721:Greek culture 718: 714: 709: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 678: 676: 671: 664: 659: 654: 650: 646: 638: 633: 629: 625: 620: 616: 615:Sanjak of Zor 612: 604: 602: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 567: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 536:Apostolic Age 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 506: 504: 502: 498: 494: 490: 486: 478: 473: 467: 458: 454: 446: 443: 441: 434: 431: 429: 421: 419: 409: 407: 399: 395: 392: 388: 378: 374: 371: 369: 361: 355: 346: 342: 339: 337: 329: 316: 308: 300: 287: 283: 275: 273: 266: 263: 261: 254: 251: 249: 239: 234: 225: 197:Coordinates: 166: 133: 100: 82: 78: 74: 68: 56: 36: 30: 19: 5952:Wadi al-Oyun 5792:al-Shaddadah 5677:al-Qaryatayn 5627:al-Mushannaf 5427:al-Jawadiyah 5407:al-Janudiyah 5387:Ibbin Samaan 5332:al-Hamidiyah 5222:Bir al-Helou 5207:Barri Sharqi 5177:Ayn al-Fijah 5103:Sub-district 5018:Ra's al-'Ayn 4948:al-Malikiyah 4769: 4557:Universities 4499: 4438:. Retrieved 4425: 4413:. Retrieved 4408: 4396: 4377: 4369:Thawra news 4365: 4346: 4333: 4321:. Retrieved 4315: 4306: 4294: 4282: 4270: 4258:. Retrieved 4254:the original 4249: 4225: 4216: 4207: 4198: 4189: 4180: 4171: 4162: 4152: 4145: 4136: 4126: 4096: 4089: 4080: 4076: 4066: 4052: 4036: 4012: 4008: 3984: 3961: 3951: 3942: 3932: 3923: 3919: 3909: 3897: 3875: 3853: 3827: 3815: 3788: 3722: 3712: 3705: 3695: 3688: 3676:. Retrieved 3672:the original 3667: 3657: 3647: 3640: 3630:19 September 3628:. Retrieved 3614: 3605: 3601: 3552: 3529: 3520: 3511: 3502: 3492: 3483: 3473: 3465:khabararmani 3464: 3455: 3436: 3426: 3417: 3408: 3398: 3391: 3381: 3359: 3352: 3342: 3335: 3325: 3318: 3308: 3279: 3271: 3263: 3248: 3243: 3235: 3230: 3218:. Retrieved 3214:the original 3187: 3175:. Retrieved 3165: 3157:the original 3147: 2822:mm (inches) 2404: 2375:Persian Gulf 2369: 2366: 2348: 2346: 2339: 2333: 2331: 2323:الجسر المعلق 2312: 2293:Mesopotamian 2289: 2274: 2263: 2220: 2216:agribusiness 2209: 2201: 2194: 2174: 2151: 2147: 2132:, capturing 2127: 2112: 2086: 2069: 2058: 2016:towards it. 2010: 2006: 1994:Vichy French 1962: 1958: 1950: 1923:Independence 1902: 1867: 1852: 1844: 1837: 1829: 1825: 1819: 1811: 1798: 1794: 1746: 1703: 1628: 1616: 1596: 1581: 1529: 1521:Majdal Anjar 1518: 1507: 1451: 1443: 1439: 1406: 1373:British army 1370: 1354: 1342: 1260: 1250:, where the 1245: 1234: 1194: 1184:The rulers ( 1183: 1163:Grand Vizier 1151:Qaimakamiyya 1148: 1141: 1133:Qaimakamiyya 1129: 1125:Ottoman army 1117: 1073: 1042: 1022: 1014: 987: 932: 921: 878: 831: 788: 733:Roman Empire 717:Dura-Europos 710: 679: 668: 663:Dura-Europos 645:Dura-Europos 598: 594: 590: 586: 583:Dayr Al-Zawr 582: 579:Deir-al-Zour 578: 574: 570: 568: 559: 543: 524:Dīrā Zeʿūrta 523: 511: 510: 452: 451: 406:Area code(s) 340: 29: 5988:Deir ez-Zor 5922:Tell Salhab 5917:Tell Rifaat 5717:al-Ruhaybah 5602:al-Masmiyah 5577:al-Mansurah 5437:Jubb Ramlah 5417:al-Jarniyah 5297:al-Ghariyah 5267:Deir Atiyah 5192:Ayn al-Nasr 5182:Ayn Halaqim 5048:al-Sanamayn 5013:al-Qutayfah 4868:Ayn al-Arab 4810:Rif Dimashq 4770:Deir ez-Zor 4746:Governorate 4500:Deir ez-Zor 4383:(in Arabic) 4371:(in Arabic) 4323:30 December 4260:12 December 3878:: 28. 2009. 3731:Abdul Qader 3561:Abdul Qader 3034:Mean daily 2381:Twin cities 2223:light crude 2081:riot police 2014:countryside 2002:Free French 1996:during the 1986:bourgeoisie 1514:King Faisal 1337:King Faisal 1248:gendarmerie 1237:World War I 1206:World War I 1201:Mutasarrıfs 1186:Mutasarrıfs 1076:Hama Sanjak 1063:, Baghdad, 950:Ottoman Era 933:During the 893:Mesopotamia 649:Mari, Syria 575:Deir Al-Zor 558:renamings, 542:. Although 540:Mesopotamia 538:throughout 518:, Zeʿūrta ( 453:Deir ez-Zor 272:Subdistrict 248:Governorate 219: / 178:Deir ez-Zor 145:Deir ez-Zor 112:Deir ez-Zor 50:ܕܝܪܐ ܙܥܘܪܬܐ 39:Deir ez-Zor 18:Deir al-Zor 5982:Categories 5967:az-Ziyarah 5927:Tell Tamer 5912:Tell Hamis 5897:al-Tamanah 5877:al-Sukhnah 5797:al-Shajara 5742:al-Sabkhah 5682:al-Qurayya 5642:al-Nasirah 5572:al-Malihah 5492:al-Khafsah 5477:al-Karamah 5457:Kafr Batna 5347:Harbnafsah 5252:Darat Izza 5162:al-Asharah 5147:al-Arishah 5112:Abu Qilqil 5083:al-Thawrah 5078:Tell Abyad 4893:Dayr Hafir 4815:as-Suwayda 4780:al-Hasakah 4682:Al-Baggara 4642:(2011–14) 4317:Al Jazeera 4226:BBC Arabic 4190:BBC Arabic 4015:: 153–159. 3678:12 October 3343:Deir Ezzor 3139:References 3132:Al-Baggara 3089:Source 2: 3081:Source 1: 2894:(≥ 1.0 mm) 2410:hot desert 2353:Al-Hasakah 2272:families. 2243:salt mines 2154:al-Sukhnah 2099:See also: 1789:Al-Baggara 1696:mosque in 1588:Al-Hasakah 1444:After the 1197:Zor Sanjak 1171:Mutasarrıf 1155:Zor Sanjak 1106:Zor Sanjak 1100:Zor Sanjak 988:The first 901:Alexandria 856:. He took 803:the Levant 791:Ridda wars 767:the Levant 591:Deir Azzor 571:Deir Ezzor 556:modern age 481:romanized: 336:Demonym(s) 322:Population 293:Government 5962:al-Zirbah 5942:Uqayribat 5712:al-Riqama 5657:al-Qadmus 5607:al-Mazraa 5532:al-Kiswah 5482:al-Kasrah 5472:Kafr Zita 5462:Kafr Nabl 5382:al-Huwash 5337:al-Hamraa 5292:Ghandoura 5287:Ghabaghib 5277:al-Dumayr 5212:Beit Jinn 5142:al-Ariqah 5068:Talkalakh 5038:Salamiyah 5028:as-Safira 5023:al-Rastan 5008:al-Qusayr 4933:Jarabulus 4913:al-Haffah 4903:Duraykish 4848:Abu Kamal 4662:(2014–17) 3793:Alnigress 2158:the siege 1945:Euphrates 1845:When the 1734:Al-Ayyash 1718:Euphrates 1597:When the 1404:as King. 1390:Euphrates 1241:Armenians 1091:attacks. 998:Euphrates 907:wrote to 805:, led by 779:al-Jazira 777:A map of 706:rebellion 653:Circesium 599:Deirazzor 587:Der Ezzor 507:Etymology 466:romanized 368:Time zone 354:romanized 314:Elevation 44:دير الزور 5887:Talbiseh 5882:al-Tabni 5872:al-Susah 5862:al-Suwar 5842:Sirghaya 5757:Saidnaya 5732:Sabburah 5687:Qurqania 5632:Muzayrib 5612:Muhambal 5597:Maskanah 5552:Maaloula 5542:Maabatli 5517:Khanaser 5442:Jindires 5412:Jaramana 5402:al-Jalaa 5377:Huraytan 5357:al-Hirak 5322:al-Hajib 5307:al-Hader 5272:al-Dimas 5237:Busayrah 5187:Ayn Issa 5122:Akhtarin 5093:Zabadani 4988:Qamishli 4839:District 4800:Quneitra 4760:Damascus 4578:Airports 4523:Churches 4440:26 April 4415:26 April 4386:Archived 4354:Archived 4041:Archived 4037:Sasapost 3749:، 1989، 3727:Alayyash 3668:Alsouria 3624:Archived 3608:: 34–35. 3579:، 1989، 3557:Alayyash 3542:Archived 3100:See also 3029:3,130.6 2939:Average 2818:Average 2578:(102.7) 2573:(103.8) 2533:(118.0) 2518:(105.8) 2513:(109.4) 2508:(118.0) 2503:(117.5) 2498:(111.6) 2493:(106.9) 2488:(104.0) 2377:region. 2349:Al Furat 2266:Armenian 2245:nearby. 2185:CJTF–OIR 2183:and the 2170:campaign 1974:Lattakia 1805:Al-Raqqa 1501:General 1490:General 1413:Damascus 1345:Ottomans 1339:in 1920. 1266:and the 1167:Istanbul 1137:Kaymakam 1080:Egyptian 1029:Wahhabis 994:Ottomans 858:Damascus 854:conquest 840:. After 799:Abu Bakr 698:Akkadian 690:Mayadeen 682:Amorites 552:Medieval 497:Damascus 487:and the 260:District 75: • 5847:Slinfah 5812:Shathah 5807:Sharran 5767:Saraqib 5752:Sahnaya 5722:al-Saan 5617:Muhasan 5587:Markada 5502:Khasham 5452:al-Qabu 5447:al-Jiza 5372:al-Hawl 5342:Harasta 5312:Hadidah 5282:Furqlus 5257:Darkush 5247:al-Dana 5217:Binnish 5197:Babbila 5152:Armanaz 5105:centres 5088:Yabroud 5073:al-Tall 5043:Salkhad 5003:Qudsaya 4993:Qardaha 4983:Palmyra 4978:an-Nabk 4968:Mhardeh 4963:Mayadin 4888:Darayya 4883:Baniyas 4841:centres 4795:Latakia 4748:centres 4646:Bombing 4640:Clashes 4046:Alt URL 3987:. 2015. 3903:Alt URL 3807:، 2005. 3797:Mahmoud 3484:Alaraby 2887:(6.13) 2882:(0.95) 2877:(0.49) 2872:(0.31) 2867:(0.01) 2852:(0.01) 2847:(0.34) 2842:(0.87) 2837:(1.09) 2832:(0.95) 2827:(1.11) 2813:(15.3) 2808:(15.3) 2803:(17.6) 2798:(36.5) 2793:(52.5) 2788:(62.2) 2783:(63.7) 2778:(51.1) 2773:(46.4) 2768:(28.4) 2763:(25.3) 2758:(17.2) 2753:(19.0) 2743:(55.6) 2738:(37.8) 2733:(45.0) 2728:(56.7) 2723:(66.9) 2718:(76.1) 2713:(77.2) 2708:(71.4) 2703:(62.8) 2698:(53.6) 2693:(44.6) 2688:(38.7) 2683:(36.5) 2673:(67.3) 2668:(46.6) 2663:(55.9) 2658:(69.6) 2653:(80.4) 2648:(89.1) 2643:(90.7) 2638:(85.3) 2633:(76.1) 2628:(65.7) 2623:(55.6) 2618:(48.4) 2613:(44.1) 2603:(79.9) 2598:(57.2) 2593:(69.3) 2588:(83.8) 2583:(95.5) 2568:(98.4) 2563:(89.1) 2558:(77.7) 2553:(67.1) 2548:(59.2) 2543:(54.0) 2528:(73.4) 2523:(88.7) 2483:(90.9) 2478:(79.0) 2473:(72.5) 2412:(BWh). 2401:Climate 2394:Armavir 2304:Muslims 2249:Culture 2206:Economy 2134:Palmyra 1939:Former 1917:mujahid 1898:Tartous 1801:Lebanon 1738:Mahmoud 1578:(1921). 1572:(1921). 1566:(1920). 1560:(1920). 1554:(1920). 1548:(1920). 1384:tribe, 1382:Baggara 1288:Cilicia 1282:of the 1252:Ottoman 1179:Hasakah 1120:Ottoman 1089:Bedouin 1084:Ottoman 1053:Baghdad 1037:sultans 1025:Bedouin 1010:Baghdad 1002:sheikhs 990:Ottoman 944:Mongols 935:Abbasid 874:Latakia 862:Baalbek 844:became 793:in the 737:Zenobia 725:Aramaic 605:History 595:Der Zor 512:Ad-Deir 468:: 428:Climate 418:Geocode 356:: 330:271,800 232:Country 204:35°20′N 6008:Levant 5937:Thiban 5892:Taldou 5837:Sinjar 5802:Shaqqa 5782:Sawran 5777:Sarrin 5772:Sarmin 5762:Salqin 5727:Saasaa 5707:al-Rai 5697:Rankus 5557:Madaya 5547:Maadan 5507:Kirnaz 5487:Kessab 5397:Jayrud 5367:Hisyah 5232:Bulbul 5132:Arbeen 5053:Shahba 5033:Safita 4998:Qatana 4958:Masyaf 4953:Manbij 4928:Jableh 4878:al-Bab 4863:Atarib 4858:Arihah 4820:Tartus 4755:Aleppo 4675:Tribes 4630:(1925) 4624:(1910) 4549:(1918) 4104: 3751:P 154. 3581:P 152. 3503:Orient 3443: 3255: 3220:10 May 3177:13 May 3026:161.2 3023:207.0 3020:257.3 3017:309.0 3014:356.5 3011:372.0 3008:351.0 3005:310.0 3002:243.0 2999:223.2 2996:179.2 2993:161.2 2862:(0.0) 2857:(0.0) 2424:Month 2319:Arabic 2283:. 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