479:: "we feminist-womanist women need to remember, commemorate, and lift up for ourselves and subsequent generations of women the resistance events and ideas that have birthed and kept alive women’s rights struggle...create resistant rituals that can be enacted wherever feminist and womanist meet to share survival strategies and plan attacks upon patriarchal and white supremacist mind-sets and practices in American institutional life." By sharing survival stories, new resources are developed for resistance.
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providing for, resisting oppression and liberating" their loved ones. Yet, like Hagar, many Black women were forced into surrogacy roles in white families, forced to produce children or take care of their master's children, and after slavery, working for low wages as laborers in the homes of white people.
471:
Williams supported dialogue between feminists and womanists as well as between womanists and black liberationists, Asian feminist theologians, and mujerista theologians – to achieve a greater good. While she was not naïve in believing that this alone would eradicate racism or sexism, Williams found a
285:
to illuminate the importance of issues of reproduction and surrogacy in black women's oppression. According to Aaron McEmrys, "Williams offers a theological response to the defilement of black women.... Womanism is an approach to ethics, theology and life rooted in the experiences of
African-American
411:
As a practice of thought, womanism intends to attend to the particularity and specificity of black women's experiences in order to cultivate methods and concepts which are adequate to their situation. The goal of the womanist movement was not only to eliminate inequalities but to assist Black women
399:
While some white women advocated for more radical critiques of oppression that included race, many white women and often the most popular conceptions of feminism were centered on achieving individual and relational equality with white men as the means to eliminate sexism. For Black women, it is not
443:
when Sarah and
Abraham were unable to conceive, and the role of black women in caring for white children during and after slavery. The biblical story of Hagar's ability to survive in the wilderness has resonated with many black women who have found the strength to survive and persevere through
458:
In the second half of the book, Williams examines how the womanist perspective provides distinct insights to theology. Williams argues that Black women's experience has been overlooked in theology, including black liberation theology and white feminist theology, and that womanist theology, by
454:
In particular, Williams' notes the ways Hagar's position in relation to Sarah was comparable to black women's roles as mothers, both within their own communities, and in relation to white women. She argues that the system of slavery forced enslaved mothers to take on the roles of "protecting,
459:
centering black women's experience, offers an important corrective. "The issue is an understanding of biblical accounts about God that allows various communities of poor, oppressed black women and men to hear and see the
408:, something that many white feminists did not directly address, but that it would also require a redefinition of equality in the first place rather than conflating it with attaining white men's social position.
342:, and later became the Paul Tillich Professor of Feminist Theology at Union. Her title was later changed to the Paul Tillich Professor of Theology and Culture. After retirement, she became professor emerita.
426:
In the book, Williams uses black women's experience of struggle as a starting place for biblical analysis, and explores themes from the story of Hagar in the wilderness. She utilizes the biblical character
472:
dialogical sharing of resources was important because "all women regardless of race or class, have developed survival strategies that have helped arrive sane at present social and cultural locations".
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She recognized that "there has been little to no conversations among women for the purpose of swapping stories about the nature of these survival strategies". She stated in the
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William's writings helped develop the field of
Womanist Theology. In 1977, she wrote an article entitled, "Womanist Theology: Black Women's Voices," which
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266:. Her writings use black women's experiences as epistemological sources, and she is known for her womanist critique of atonement theories. As opposed to
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A Study of the
Analogous Relation Between African-American Women's Experience and Hagar's Experience: A Challenge Posed to Black Liberation Theology
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274:, predominantly practiced by black men, Williams argued that black women's experiences generate critical theological insights and questions.
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299:
910:
Kirk-Duggan, Cheryl (2014). "Womanist
Theology as a Corrective to African American Theology". In Pinn, Anthony; Cannon, Katie G. (eds.).
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757:
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McEmrys, Aaron (2006). "Engaging the sacred wisdom of our sisters in the wilderness: A unitarian universalist/womanist dialogue".
781:
McEmrys, Aaron (200). "Engaging the sacred wisdom of our sisters in the wilderness: A unitarian universalist/womanist dialogue".
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20:
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Williams, Delores S. (1993). "Visions, inner voices, apparitions, and defiance in nineteenth-century black women’s narratives".
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helped establish the field of womanist theology. In it, Williams primarily develops a rereading of the biblical figure
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in reconnecting with their roots in religion and culture and to reflect and improve on "self, community and society".
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Williams, Delores (1985). "Women's oppression and lifeline politics in black women's religious narratives".
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A Study of the
Analogous Relation Between African-American Women's Experience and Hagar's Experience
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561:. Studies in Systematic Theology. Vol. 5. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. pp. 177–178.
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Williams published many articles and chapters in books. She authored the eighth chapter of
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led movements have usually exclude Black
Feminist and Womanist experiences and concerns.
622:. Studies in Systematic Theology. Vol. 5. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. p. 175.
42:
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Williams, Delores S. (1985). "Womanist/feminist dialogue: problems and possibilities".
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722:"Luther Seminary Library: Williams, Delores: Feminist and Womanist Theology: Home"
439:. Williams notes similarities between Hagar's role as handmaiden, giving birth to
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notes as being a "seminal moment" in the development of the field. She published
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Transforming the faiths of our fathers : women who changed
American religion
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theologian and professor notable for her formative role in the development of
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Religion and the
Feminist Movement Conference - Panel IV: Delores S. Williams
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Keller, Rosemary
Skinner; Ruether, Rosemary Radford; Cantlon, Marie (2006).
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Transforming the Faiths of our Fathers: Women who Changed American Religion
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696:"Obituary of Delores S. Williams | Lewis & Wright Funeral Directors"
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Dialogue between Womanist theologians and other liberation theologies
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Sisters in the wilderness : the challenge of womanist God-talk
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Sisters in the wilderness : the challenge of womanist God-talk
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Sisters in the wilderness : the challenge of womanist God-talk
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Sisters in the wilderness : the challenge of womanist God-talk
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Sisters in the wilderness : the challenge of womanist God-talk
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An Intercultural Theology of Migration: Pilgrims in the Wilderness
559:
An Intercultural Theology of Migration: Pilgrims in the Wilderness
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853:"Feminists Nurture a More Tolerant Christianity (Published 1998)"
662:(1994). "The Task of Hispanic Women's Liberation Theology –
107:
Rita Williams, Celeste Williams, Steven Williams, Leslie Williams
674:. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf and Stock (published 2015). p. 405.
463:
of the good news in a way that is meaningful for their lives."
424:
Sisters in the Wilderness: The Challenge of Womanist God-Talk.
19:"Delores Williams" redirects here. For the murder victim, see
992:
Sarah Pinnock, "Williams, Delores S.", in Bron Taylor (ed.),
351:
Sisters in the Wilderness: The Challenge of Womanist God-Talk
264:
Sisters in the Wilderness: The Challenge of Womanist God-Talk
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when she married her husband Robert, a PC (USA) minister.
1288:
Church in the Round: Feminist interpretation of the church
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254:(November 17, 1937 – November 17, 2022) was an American
826:"Dr. Delores S. Williams is remembered and reimagined"
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and Black Feminism are both "organically related" to
384:. In her observation, Delores S. Williams noted that
1297:(Vol. 21, pp. 81–89). New York: Feminist Press.
500:(PhD thesis). New York: Union Theological Seminary.
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only that equality would include the elimination of
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749:
Encyclopedia of women and religion in North America
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1272:Pinnock, Sarah. (2005). "Williams, Delores S." In
1280:(Vol. 1, pp. 1751). Oxford University Press.
1064:. Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Books. p. 71.
912:The Oxford Handbook of African American Theology
672:Feminist Theology from the Third World: A Reader
1331:20th-century Calvinist and Reformed theologians
1290:. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press.
270:, predominantly practiced by white women, and
8:
1351:American Calvinist and Reformed theologians
1267:Discourse: The Journal of Liberal Religion
1225:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1176:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1127:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1043:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
293:was coined by a contemporary of Williams,
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27:
435:and servant to both Abraham and his wife
666:: Who We Are and What We Are About". In
392:; however, she observed that most white
16:American womanist theologian (1937–2022)
1245:Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion
920:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199755653.013.0019
805:Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion
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477:Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion
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1386:21st-century African-American people
1197:. Maryknoll, New York. p. 199.
1148:. Maryknoll, New York. p. 185.
1099:. Maryknoll, New York. p. 198.
1391:21st-century African-American women
1381:20th-century African-American women
1278:Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature
1015:. Maryknoll, New York. p. 33.
994:Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature
444:adversity by leaning on their God.
334:Delores Williams earned her PhD in
1366:American women non-fiction writers
851:Norman, Michael (April 11, 1998).
700:lewisandwrightfuneraldirectors.com
533:10.1111/j.1748-0922.1992.tb00087.x
14:
1321:20th-century American theologians
300:In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens
1396:People from Louisville, Kentucky
949:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
327:in 1950. She became part of the
21:Delores Williams (murder victim)
783:The Journal of Liberal Religion
1346:African-American women writers
628:10.1163/ej.9789004181229.i-360
567:10.1163/ej.9789004181229.i-360
1:
1191:Williams, Delores S. (2013).
1142:Williams, Delores S. (2013).
1093:Williams, Delores S. (2013).
1058:Williams, Delores S. (2013).
1009:Williams, Delores S. (2013).
496:Williams, Delores S. (1990).
1341:African-American theologians
752:. Indiana University Press.
422:In 1993, Williams published
262:and best known for her book
1326:Women Christian theologians
519:"Dissertations Completed".
315:, and grew up in the rural
1412:
1336:African-American feminists
978:Williams, Delores (1993).
890:Union Theological Seminary
618:Cruz, Gemma Tulud (2010).
557:Cruz, Gemma Tulud (2010).
340:Union Theological Seminary
279:Sisters in the Wilderness,
210:Union Theological Seminary
127:Union Theological Seminary
18:
1295:Woman’s Studies Quarterly
980:Sisters in the Wilderness
943:Braude, Ann, ed. (2004).
431:, who was a concubine of
417:Sisters in the Wilderness
329:Presbyterian Church (USA)
245:
219:Sisters in the Wilderness
111:
40:
996:, Vol. 1, 2005, p. 1751.
830:The Presbyterian Outlook
521:Religious Studies Review
173:Beverly Wildung Harrison
726:luthersem.libguides.com
252:Delores Seneva Williams
91:Delores Seneva Williams
1361:American Presbyterians
451:
321:Seventh-Day Adventists
982:. Orbis. p. xiv.
660:Isasi-Díaz, Ada María
450:
347:Cheryl A. Kirk-Duggan
323:. She graduated from
311:Williams was born in
277:Williams' 1993 book,
1376:Womanist theologians
914:. Oxford Handbooks.
886:"Faculty Emeriti/ae"
380:, and was coined by
313:Louisville, Kentucky
240:Ada María Isasi-Díaz
832:. November 23, 2022
336:systematic theology
325:Central High School
197:School or tradition
116:Academic background
35:Delores S. Williams
1356:American feminists
857:The New York Times
452:
360:(2004), edited by
99:Robert C. Williams
1284:Russell, Letty M.
1204:978-1-62698-038-9
1155:978-1-62698-038-9
1106:978-1-62698-038-9
1071:978-1-62698-038-9
1022:978-1-62698-038-9
956:978-1-4039-8183-7
681:978-1-4982-1997-6
637:978-90-04-18122-9
576:978-90-04-18122-9
376:developed out of
268:feminist theology
260:womanist theology
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230:Womanist theology
201:Womanist theology
75:November 17, 2022
60:November 17, 1934
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168:Alice Walker
163:Paul Tillich
141: (1990)
138:
25:
1316:2022 deaths
1311:1937 births
1274:Bron Taylor
1269:7(1), 1–17.
1251:(2): 59–71.
895:February 1,
870:February 1,
811:(2): 59–71.
705:December 2,
80:Nationality
1305:Categories
789:(1): 1–17.
664:Mujeristas
483:References
362:Ann Braude
236:Influenced
187:Discipline
156:Influences
122:Alma mater
71:2022-11-17
56:1934-11-17
1221:cite book
1213:861220561
1172:cite book
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1123:cite book
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1080:861220561
1039:cite book
1031:861220561
965:560537114
865:0362-4331
836:April 27,
646:1876-1518
585:1876-1518
541:0319-485X
394:feminists
372:The term
353:in 1993.
307:Biography
289:The term
1286:(1993).
768:61711172
506:80238499
406:classism
386:Womanism
374:Womanism
368:Womanism
291:womanism
286:women".
191:Theology
104:Children
83:American
1276:(ed.),
670:(ed.).
604:YouTube
441:Ishmael
433:Abraham
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402:racism
221:(1993)
134:Thesis
96:Spouse
32:Doctor
461:doing
437:Sarah
429:Hagar
338:from
317:South
283:Hagar
1227:link
1209:OCLC
1199:ISBN
1178:link
1160:OCLC
1150:ISBN
1129:link
1111:OCLC
1101:ISBN
1076:OCLC
1066:ISBN
1045:link
1027:OCLC
1017:ISBN
961:OCLC
951:ISBN
924:ISBN
897:2021
872:2021
861:ISSN
838:2023
764:OCLC
754:ISBN
733:2021
707:2022
676:ISBN
642:ISSN
632:ISBN
581:ISSN
571:ISBN
537:ISSN
502:OCLC
404:and
65:Died
50:Born
916:doi
624:doi
602:on
563:doi
529:doi
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