53:
44:
97:
72:
450:
in the plains, and on calcareous soils to 500 m elevation. The species is well-adapted to dry sites. It is widely distributed in several vegetation types but has a rather fragmented distribution; over large areas there are only isolated trees or small relict populations, whilst in other areas it is
471:
In times of severe drought trees are cut down, pulped and fed to livestock. In some areas (Kilissan) this has resulted in its almost total eradication. On the plains, seedlings germinate and grow protected from livestock in the cover of dense vegetation such as provided by the spiny shrub
364:
responds well to being drenched and fertilized, if the temperature is greater than 20 °C. Individuals in their natural habitat can attain 3 meters (10 feet) in height. Trunks are succulent, but not bottle-shaped when young. The plant produces flowers when five years old.
339:
The leaves are nearly round, covered with fine bristles, and slightly toothed. The yellow flowers (3 cm), males and females are present on the same plant for cross pollination. It reproduces only by seed. Fruits (3 x 5 cm) are green, turning brick-red when ripe.
405:
The leaves are about 25 cm long and wide, its leaf edge being slightly thorny. On the underside of the leaves are trichomes of from two to seven cells, the cells often containing two cystoliths. The epidermal cells are lignified.
635:
McNeill, J.; Barrie, F.R.; Buck, W.R.; Demoulin, V.; Greuter, W.; Hawksworth, D.L.; Herendeen, P.S.; Knapp, S.; Marhold, K.; Prado, J.; Prud'homme Van Reine, W.F.; Smith, G.F.; Wiersema, J.H.; Turland, N.J. (2012),
317:
783:
Kocyan
Alexander, Li-Bing Zhang, Hanno Schaefer, Susanne S. Renner. A multi-locus chloroplast phylogeny for the Cucurbitaceae and its implications for character evolution and classification.
639:
International Code of
Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011
944:
1156:
957:
436:, the species is generally described as endemic to the island of Socotra, although some sources (1887) state that it was present on the African continent in
375:). The trunk reaches a diameter of up to one meter. Numerous small twigs and branches grow from the stem, the bottle tree growth form making it distinctive.
1269:
1249:
1104:
892:
398:
forms. There is not a consistently active cambium - it will always be sequentially formed on the periphery of a new cambium (cambium successively).
417:- male and female flowers on one plant. The flowers are yellowish-orange with long petals and the fruits are ovate. The seeds are about 6 mm.
1254:
905:
336:
lineage is about twice as old as the island, and thus seems to be an island relic of a progenitor lineage that became extinct on the mainland.
647:
804:
Stem and leaf anatomy of the arborescent
Cucurbitaceae Dendrosicyos socotrana with comments on the evolution of pachycauls from lianas
763:
HA Hussein, O.B. Abdel-Halim, S.M. Marwan, A.A. El-Gamal, R. Mosana. Dendrocyin: an isocucurbitacin with novel cyclic side chain from
1264:
821:
703:"Gourds afloat: a dated phylogeny reveals an Asian origin of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae) and numerous oversea dispersal events"
685:
1130:
1070:
931:
492:, there is little if any regeneration. Thus, along the southern region of Socotra and on Samhah the recovery of populations of
749:
613:
816:
The
Ethnoflora of the Soqotra Archipelago by Anthony G Miller and Mirranda Morris, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 2004,
96:
1056:
1195:
1161:
983:
962:
308:, and is the only species in the Cucurbitaceae to grow in a tree form. The species name was originally spelled
1200:
52:
988:
1259:
832:
772:
517:
239:
1091:
910:
433:
329:
591:
61:
1221:
1009:
792:
313:
200:
91:
76:
575:
870:
677:
671:
1169:
1078:
970:
949:
879:
817:
732:
681:
643:
480:
474:
446:
349:
975:
332:
in 1882. A recent molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family
Cucurbitaceae found that the
1174:
807:
722:
714:
667:
570:
391:
347:
and regeneration may be compromised over time, except for seedlings protected from goats by
280:
43:
1148:
509:
134:
1187:
1182:
727:
702:
402:
is the first member of the
Cucurbitaceae in which such meristem has been demonstrated.
190:
121:
17:
637:
1243:
1143:
561:
283:
180:
81:
592:"Diagnoses Plantarum novarum et imperfecte descriptarum Phanerogamarum Socotrensium"
552:
1226:
1083:
1014:
521:
421:
170:
884:
855:
1117:
1050:
918:
864:
460:
387:
344:
811:
414:
379:
1041:
1213:
372:
270:
1001:
736:
718:
1208:
1035:
996:
849:
437:
297:
147:
1109:
897:
441:
301:
255:
217:
1122:
923:
1065:
456:
452:
410:
395:
160:
826:
328:
It has a bulbous trunk and a small crown. It was first described by
1135:
383:
305:
277:
273:
108:
936:
1096:
673:
Island Africa: The
Evolution of Africa's Rare Plants and Animals
508:
353:. The species is considered endangered. In Soqotri, its name is
830:
318:
International Code of
Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants
806:. Plant Systematics and Evolution, Band 239, 2003, S. 199–214
676:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. pp.
520:
taxon within the tribe, all other genera of the tribe being a
642:, vol. Regnum Vegetabile 154, A.R.G. Gantner Verlag KG,
451:
relatively abundant. There are a few trees on the island of
496:
after drought is dependent on the presence of colonies of
440:. It is quite abundant on the dry parts of the island of
360:
Contrary to what its region of origin would suggest,
1025:
839:
596:Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
8:
653:. Article 62, Ex 1, specifies that the noun
576:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T33691A9797777.en
827:
701:Schaefer, H.; Heibl, C; Renner, S (2009).
371:has a bottle-shaped base of fibrous wood (
70:
51:
42:
31:
726:
574:
546:
544:
413:occur in the leaf axils. The species is
540:
420:The plant contains dendrosycin, an iso-
386:strands that are linked to each other (
478:or by colonies of the succulent shrub
785:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
312:, but this is corrected to masculine
7:
773:doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.07.016
615:The International Plant Names Index
562:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1270:Taxa named by Isaac Bayley Balfour
707:Proceedings of the Royal Society B
531:means 'cucumber tree of Socotra'.
25:
1250:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
1201:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:292552-1
424:with an unusual ring formation.
95:
989:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:13260-1
793:doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.12.022
1255:Monotypic Cucurbitaceae genera
791:(2), August 2007, pp. 553-577
753:: A tree squash extraordinaire
390:). These xylem strands have a
1:
590:Isaac Bayley Balfour (1882),
378:The base consists largely of
428:Proliferation and locations
382:. In it are embedded small
1286:
771:(18), 2004, p. 2551-2556.
812:10.1007/s00606-003-0006-1
245:
238:
92:Scientific classification
90:
68:
59:
50:
41:
34:
1265:Endemic flora of Socotra
657:is treated as masculine.
1057:Dendrosicyos socotranus
767:Phytochemistry, Volume
529:Dendrosicyos socotranus
362:Dendrosicyos socotranus
343:Seedlings subjected to
289:Dendrosicyos socotranus
249:Dendrosicyos socotranus
18:Dendrosicyos socotranus
1071:dendrosicyos-socotrana
1027:Dendrosicyos socotrana
765:Dendrosicyos socotrana
751:Dendrosicyos socotrana
719:10.1098/rspb.2008.1447
555:Dendrosicyos socotrana
286:. The only species is
432:Described in 1882 by
569:: e.T33691A9797777.
484:. Where there is no
434:Isaac Bayley Balfour
330:Isaac Bayley Balfour
551:Miller, A. (2004).
467:Conservation status
62:Conservation status
444:, associated with
394:, and a secondary
314:grammatical gender
231:D. socotranus
1237:
1236:
1170:Open Tree of Life
971:Open Tree of Life
833:Taxon identifiers
713:(1658): 843–851.
668:Kingdon, Jonathan
649:978-3-87429-425-6
481:Cissus subaphylla
475:Lycium sokotranum
447:Croton socotranus
350:Cissus subaphylla
316:according to the
300:to the island of
296:. The species is
262:
261:
220:
85:
16:(Redirected from
1277:
1230:
1229:
1217:
1216:
1204:
1203:
1191:
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581:
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251:
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100:
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79:
74:
73:
55:
46:
32:
27:Species of plant
21:
1285:
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1278:
1276:
1275:
1274:
1240:
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1238:
1233:
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948:
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666:
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629:
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589:
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584:
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506:
469:
430:
326:
258:
253:
247:
234:
215:
94:
86:
75:
71:
64:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1283:
1281:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1260:Cucurbitoideae
1257:
1252:
1242:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1231:
1227:wfo-0000641511
1218:
1205:
1192:
1179:
1166:
1153:
1140:
1127:
1114:
1101:
1088:
1075:
1062:
1047:
1031:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1015:wfo-4000011115
1006:
993:
980:
967:
954:
941:
928:
915:
902:
889:
876:
861:
845:
843:
837:
836:
831:
825:
824:
814:
797:
796:
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756:
742:
693:
686:
659:
648:
627:
605:
582:
539:
538:
536:
533:
505:
502:
468:
465:
455:, but none on
429:
426:
325:
322:
260:
259:
254:
243:
242:
236:
235:
228:
226:
222:
221:
208:
204:
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198:
194:
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191:Cucurbitoideae
188:
184:
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178:
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138:
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69:
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39:
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26:
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14:
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10:
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2:
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1048:
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1032:
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1028:
1024:
1016:
1011:
1007:
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998:
994:
990:
985:
981:
977:
972:
968:
964:
959:
955:
951:
946:
942:
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933:
929:
925:
920:
916:
912:
907:
903:
899:
894:
890:
886:
881:
877:
872:
866:
862:
857:
851:
847:
846:
844:
842:
838:
834:
829:
823:
822:1-872291-59-7
819:
815:
813:
809:
805:
802:M. E. Olson:
801:
800:
794:
790:
786:
780:
777:
774:
770:
766:
760:
757:
754:
752:
746:
743:
738:
734:
729:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
697:
694:
689:
687:0-691-08560-9
683:
679:
675:
674:
669:
663:
660:
656:
651:
645:
641:
640:
631:
628:
617:
616:
609:
606:
601:
597:
593:
586:
583:
577:
572:
568:
564:
563:
558:
556:
547:
545:
541:
534:
532:
530:
525:
523:
519:
515:
512:Coniandreae.
511:
503:
501:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
482:
477:
476:
466:
464:
462:
458:
454:
449:
448:
443:
439:
435:
427:
425:
423:
418:
416:
412:
407:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
376:
374:
370:
369:D. socotranus
366:
363:
358:
356:
352:
351:
346:
341:
337:
335:
331:
323:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
294:cucumber tree
291:
290:
285:
284:Cucurbitaceae
282:
279:
275:
272:
268:
267:
257:
252:
250:
244:
241:
240:Binomial name
237:
233:
232:
227:
224:
223:
219:
214:
213:
209:
206:
205:
202:
199:
196:
195:
192:
189:
186:
185:
182:
181:Cucurbitaceae
179:
176:
175:
172:
169:
166:
165:
162:
159:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
140:
139:
136:
133:
130:
127:
126:
123:
122:Tracheophytes
120:
117:
114:
113:
110:
107:
104:
103:
98:
93:
89:
83:
78:
67:
63:
58:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
1026:
871:Dendrosicyos
841:Dendrosicyos
840:
803:
788:
784:
779:
768:
764:
759:
750:
745:
710:
706:
696:
672:
662:
654:
638:
630:
619:, retrieved
614:
608:
599:
595:
585:
566:
560:
554:
528:
526:
522:sister group
514:Dendrosicyos
513:
507:
504:Nomenclature
497:
494:Dendrosicyos
493:
489:
485:
479:
473:
470:
445:
431:
422:cucurbitacin
419:
408:
404:
400:Dendrosicyos
399:
377:
368:
367:
361:
359:
354:
348:
342:
338:
334:Dendrosicyos
333:
327:
310:D. socotrana
309:
293:
288:
287:
266:Dendrosicyos
265:
264:
263:
248:
246:
230:
229:
212:Dendrosicyos
211:
210:
171:Cucurbitales
154:
141:
128:
115:
36:Dendrosicyos
35:
29:
1188:kew-2761163
1118:iNaturalist
1051:Wikispecies
919:iNaturalist
865:Wikispecies
461:Abd al Kuri
388:anastomosis
345:overgrazing
201:Coniandreae
187:Subfamily:
135:Angiosperms
1244:Categories
1183:Plant List
621:23 January
535:References
527:The name
415:monoecious
380:parenchyma
77:Vulnerable
1214:100321575
856:Q13058025
787:, Volume
602:: 498–514
373:pachycaul
271:monotypic
225:Species:
105:Kingdom:
1209:Tropicos
1136:292552-1
1036:Wikidata
1002:40023643
997:Tropicos
850:Wikidata
737:19033142
670:(1989).
438:Djibouti
324:Features
177:Family:
148:Eudicots
82:IUCN 3.1
1110:5792703
1097:5736933
1042:Q135733
976:1050155
950:1010222
937:13260-1
898:7317746
728:2664369
516:is the
442:Socotra
411:flowers
392:cambium
355:qamhiyn
302:Socotra
298:endemic
276:in the
256:Balf.f.
218:Balf.f.
207:Genus:
197:Tribe:
167:Order:
109:Plantae
80: (
1175:809057
1162:229694
1123:183827
1066:ARKive
963:229693
924:183826
820:
735:
725:
684:
655:Sicyos
646:
498:Cissus
490:Lycium
486:Cissus
457:Darsah
453:Samhah
396:phloem
292:, the
281:family
161:Rosids
1149:33691
1084:34S9Q
945:IRMNG
678:40–41
518:basal
510:tribe
384:xylem
306:Yemen
278:plant
274:genus
269:is a
155:Clade
142:Clade
129:Clade
116:Clade
1196:POWO
1157:NCBI
1144:IUCN
1131:IPNI
1105:GBIF
984:POWO
958:NCBI
932:IPNI
911:3505
906:GRIN
893:GBIF
885:434X
818:ISBN
733:PMID
682:ISBN
644:ISBN
623:2016
567:2004
409:The
1222:WFO
1092:EoL
1079:CoL
1010:WFO
880:CoL
808:doi
723:PMC
715:doi
711:276
571:doi
488:or
459:or
304:in
1246::
1224::
1211::
1198::
1185::
1172::
1159::
1146::
1133::
1120::
1107::
1094::
1081::
1068::
1053::
1038::
1012::
999::
986::
973::
960::
947::
934::
921::
908::
895::
882::
867::
852::
789:44
769:65
731:.
721:.
709:.
705:.
680:.
600:11
598:,
594:,
565:.
559:.
543:^
524:.
500:.
463:.
357:.
320:.
157::
144::
131::
118::
810::
739:.
717::
690:.
579:.
573::
557:"
553:"
84:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
