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times, though they are considered reliably reported. An additional two inscriptions, both in Utah, are also sometimes mentioned alongside the others, though their authenticity is disputed by historians. Several of the Julien inscriptions were not rediscovered, or at least not brought to the attention of the general public, for more than a century after he made them.
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rivers in a boat assisted by a sail, since one of his inscriptions depicts a boat with a mast. Of the eight markings generally accepted as authentic Julien inscriptions, seven are in present-day Utah and one just across the state line in
Colorado; two of these eight have evidently been lost in modern
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in the 1790s. The first written documents mentioning him are baptismal records from the Saint Louis
Cathedral for three children born to Julien and his Native American wife Catherine in 1793, 1798, and 1801. Three children were christened and one was buried between 1798 and 1809. Julien soon began a
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spellings. His carvings are typically found on flat surfaces of large boulders or canyon walls along perennial waterways and very close to the water level, and are distinguished by deep, bold incisions into the rock and frequent use of old-style French block letters (for example, a capital "J" that
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about ten miles downstream of the former site of the Reed trading post, where he scratched his name and the date, "Denis Julien 1831", on a sandstone ledge. In doing so he became one of the first
Europeans to leave a dateable mark in what is now Utah; only a 1776 inscription left by members of the
140:" in what is now southern Utah and western Colorado. Nauhnan, son of Chief Tabby, told of a trading post established by "white man the Indians called 'Sambo' and the other one called 'Julie'", with these names thought to reference Denis Julien ("Julie") and
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Julien stayed on at Fort
Robidoux until 1836, and the series of rock inscriptions he made during and after this time are the only record of his movements in the latter part of his life. The earliest known Julien inscription is located on the
144:("Sambo"). According to Nauhnan, in 1828, Julien, Archambeaux, William "Toopchee" Reed, and Reed's 14-year-old son (or nephew) Jim Reed established the Reed trading post near a spring just south and east of the present-day settlement of
77:, a connection which would provide him with employment as a trader and trapper throughout the Midwest; his name appears in Chouteau's ledgers as early as 1803. From 1805 to 1819 he owned land near
152:. They brought the first butcher knives, coffee beans, and other articles to the area and traded them to the local Indians for furs. The trading post was short-lived and was sold to
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253:. Dated 1836. Near the top of a talus slope on the east bank of the Colorado River, just below the mouth of Lower Red Lake Canyon, Canyonlands National Park,
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on rock faces in Utah and
Colorado during his travels. At least eight such markings have been positively attributed to him, four of which are listed on the
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in the 1830s and 1840s, at a time when he was one of the few people of
European descent in the area. He is principally remembered for his habit of leaving
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on the Upper Green River. It is located on a large boulder to the left of the road as the road comes out on to the bottom of the canyon.
281:. Dated June 9, 1844. At the base of a large sandstone fin at least 15 miles inland from the nearest river, in the Devils Garden area of
105:] trader among the Ioways." Julien and his brother were in the military in northern Louisiana in 1809. Denis witnessed the
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Julien left dated marks in 1831, 1832, 1836, 1838, and 1844, apparently traveling up and down the
Colorado and
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and
Robidoux families of Saint Louis. An entry dated December 26, 1825 in James Kennerly's journal at
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looks more like a modern capital "I" or "E"). They are often adjacent to much older prehistoric
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as a member of a party led by François
Robidoux to recover cached furs. They passed through
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Four of Julien's inscriptions are listed on the U.S. National
Register of Historic Places:
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All of the genuine Julien graffiti consist of his full name or initials and the date, with
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Buckskin Entrepreneur; Antoine Robidoux and the Fur Trade of the Uinta Basin 1824-1844
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405:"National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Julien, Denis, Inscription"
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suggests that Julien shot and wounded another man. Kennerly was the fort's civilian
235:. Dated May 3, 1836. On a square rock face above the Green River near the mouth of
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301:. There is also an undated "DJ" inscription at the mouth of Chandler Creek in
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263:. Dated 1838. In a small alcove on the Green River a few miles downstream of
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Julien's exact date and place of birth are unknown. He apparently lived in
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in 1816 and 1817. During this time he remained connected to the
356:(1). Salt Lake City, UT: Utah State Historical Society: 52–69.
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A Denis Julien inscription from 1836 was rediscovered in lower
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Julien was mentioned in an 1808 letter by then-Governor of the
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500:"Julien, D.--Inscription P.13 | Classified Photographs"
125:. Records of Julien in the Midwest cease after this point.
480:. Salt Lake City, UT: Utah Rock Art Research Association
430:. Chula Vista, California: Aventine Press. p. 79.
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in 1964, but is now buried under the reservoir behind
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Nauhnan, son of Chief Tabby, as quoted by Milt Jacobs
81:in present-day Iowa, and in 1821 in the village of
73:working relationship with Saint Louis fur baron
516:European Explorers of Canyonlands National Park
428:The Life and Times of Denis Julien Fur Trader
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285:, Grand County, Utah. Authenticity disputed.
109:and received licenses to trade on the upper
454:. Vernal, Utah: Oakfield Press. p. 54.
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128:In 1827, Julien made his first trip to the
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136:and eventually reached "the land of the
467:"Utah's Earliest European Inscriptions"
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160:immediately east across the spring.
58:National Register of Historic Places
344:Knipmeyer, James H. (Winter 1996).
99:as an "old and rispected [
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251:Lower Red Lake Canyon inscription
403:Pierson, Lloyd (November 1990).
182:and an 1825 inscription left by
346:"The Denis Julien Inscriptions"
233:Hell Roaring Canyon inscription
222:Hell Roaring Canyon inscription
257:, Utah. Authenticity disputed.
176:DomĂnguez–Escalante expedition
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426:Knipmeyer, James H. (2018).
261:Whirlpool Canyon inscription
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269:Dinosaur National Monument
85:in what is now Wisconsin.
50:southwestern United States
350:Utah Historical Quarterly
245:Canyonlands National Park
465:Woodruff, Dorde (2012).
450:Barton, John D. (1996).
315:North American fur trade
279:Julien Inscription Panel
407:. National Park Service
273:Moffat County, Colorado
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37:1772) was an American
18:Denis Julien (trapper)
218:National Park Service
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531:American fur traders
283:Arches National Park
184:William Henry Ashley
142:Augustus Archambeaux
95:to Secretary of War
75:Jean-Pierre Chouteau
237:Hell Roaring Canyon
156:in 1832, who built
90:Louisiana Territory
54:carved inscriptions
44:of French-Canadian
536:American explorers
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220:photograph of the
303:Desolation Canyon
164:Rock inscriptions
16:(Redirected from
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28:Denis Julien
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484:25 February
383:25 February
224:, July 2006
208:petroglyphs
180:Glen Canyon
171:Uinta River
70:Saint Louis
525:Categories
411:3 November
321:References
186:along the
64:Early life
378:254440028
265:Echo Park
370:45062272
309:See also
130:far west
115:Chouteau
46:Huguenot
42:trapper
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203:French
123:sutler
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30:(born
470:(PDF)
374:S2CID
366:JSTOR
195:Green
486:2017
478:XXXI
413:2011
385:2017
138:Utes
358:doi
293:by
178:in
148:in
102:sic
39:fur
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