1061:
330:
1605:(EBD) uses current scientific evidence to guide decisions. It is an approach to oral health that requires the application and examination of relevant scientific data related to the patient's oral and medical health. Along with the dentist's professional skill and expertise, EBD allows dentists to stay up to date on the latest procedures and patients to receive improved treatment. A new paradigm for medical education designed to incorporate current research into education and practice was developed to help practitioners provide the best care for their patients. It was first introduced by
1481:
710:
1394:
815:
87:
701:
1363:
6099:
6129:
1629:
6139:
1079:
27:
6119:
1517:
638:
6109:
1654:
1583:), exposure limits are set to 85 dBA. Exposures below 85 dBA are not considered to be hazardous. Time limits are placed on how long an individual can stay in an environment above 85 dBA before it causes hearing loss. OSHA places that limitation at 8 hours for 85 dBA. The exposure time becomes shorter as the dBA level increases.
782:
In many countries, dentists usually complete between five and eight years of post-secondary education before practising. Though not mandatory, many dentists choose to complete an internship or residency focusing on specific aspects of dental care after they have received their dental degree. In a few
1428:
The
Egyptian Mummies that I have seen, have had their Mouths open, and somewhat gaping, which affordeth a good opportunity to view and observe their Teeth, wherein 'tis not easie to find any wanting or decayed: and therefore in Egypt, where one Man practised but one Operation, or the Diseases but of
1586:
Within the field of dentistry, a variety of cleaning tools are used including piezoelectric and sonic scalers, and ultrasonic scalers and cleaners. While a majority of the tools do not exceed 75 dBA, prolonged exposure over many years can lead to hearing loss or complaints of tinnitus. Few dentists
766:
and the
Metropolitan School of Dental Science, both in London, opened in 1859. The British Dentists Act of 1878 and the 1879 Dentists Register limited the title of "dentist" and "dental surgeon" to qualified and registered practitioners. However, others could legally describe themselves as "dental
1548:
Major advances in science were made in the 19th century, and dentistry evolved from a trade to a profession. The profession came under government regulation by the end of the 19th century. In the UK, the
Dentist Act was passed in 1878 and the British Dental Association formed in 1879. In the same
1512:
threads were usually employed to fasten the braces. His contributions to the world of dental science consist primarily of his 1728 publication Le chirurgien dentiste or The
Surgeon Dentist. The French text included "basic oral anatomy and function, dental construction, and various operative and
787:
awarded around the world include the Doctor of Dental
Surgery (DDS) and Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD) in North America (US and Canada), and the Bachelor of Dental Surgery/Baccalaureus Dentalis Chirurgiae (BDS, BDent, BChD, BDSc) in the UK and current and former British Commonwealth countries.
1641:
Dentistry is unique in that it requires dental students to have competence-based clinical skills that can only be acquired through supervised specialized laboratory training and direct patient care. This necessitates the need for a scientific and professional basis of care with a foundation of
1545:. Hunter conducted a series of pioneering operations, in which he attempted a tooth transplant. Although the donated teeth never properly bonded with the recipients' gums, one of Hunter's patients stated that he had three which lasted for six years, a remarkable achievement for the period.
800:" (DMD). Specialization in dentistry is available in the fields of Anesthesiology, Dental Public Health, Endodontics, Oral Radiology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine, Orofacial Pain, Pathology, Orthodontics, Pediatric Dentistry (Pedodontics), Periodontics, and Prosthodontics.
1625:, especially since a major part of dentistry involves dealing with oral and systemic diseases. Other issues relevant to the dental field in terms of evidence-based research and evidence-based practice include population oral health, dental clinical practice, tooth morphology etc.
1540:
from one person to another. He realised that the chances of a successful tooth transplant (initially, at least) would be improved if the donor tooth was as fresh as possible and was matched for size with the recipient. These principles are still used in the transplantation of
891:– The delivery of dental care to older adults involving the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of problems associated with normal aging and age-related diseases as part of an interdisciplinary team with other health care professionals.
747:
Studies show that dentists that graduated from different countries, or even from different dental schools in one country, may make different clinical decisions for the same clinical condition. For example, dentists that graduated from
4969:
1763:
Whether
Dentists are referred to as "Doctor" is subject to geographic variation. For example, they are called "Doctor" in the US. In the UK, dentists have traditionally been referred to as "Mister" as they identified themselves with
657:
and regular, twice or more yearly, checkups for professional cleaning and evaluation. Oral infections and inflammations may affect overall health and conditions in the oral cavity may be indicative of systemic diseases, such as
1320:, Avicenna said that jaw fracture should be reduced according to the occlusal guidance of the teeth; this principle is still valid in modern times. Al-Zahrawi invented over 200 surgical tools that resemble the modern kind.
1012:). Today, most maxillofacial prosthodontists return function and esthetics to patients with acquired defects secondary to surgical removal of head and neck tumors, or secondary to trauma from war or motor vehicle accidents.
1575:. Noise exposure can cause excessive stimulation of the hearing mechanism, which damages the delicate structures of the inner ear. NIHL can occur when an individual is exposed to sound levels above 90 dBA according to the
469:
calls for the use of high-quality scientific research and evidence to guide decision-making such as in manual tooth conservation, use of fluoride water treatment and fluoride toothpaste, dealing with oral diseases such as
1380:
In the United
Kingdom, there was no formal qualification for the providers of dental treatment until 1859 and it was only in 1921 that the practice of dentistry was limited to those who were professionally qualified. The
5114:
1807:
704:
A sagittal cross-section of a molar tooth; 1: crown, 2: root, 3: enamel, 4: dentin and dentin tubules, 5: pulp chamber, 6: blood vessels and nerve, 7: periodontal ligament, 8: apex and periapical region, 9: alveolar
406:
The history of dentistry is almost as ancient as the history of humanity and civilization, with the earliest evidence dating from 7000 BC to 5500 BC. Dentistry is thought to have been the first specialization in
1111:(cavities). An infected tooth from Italy partially cleaned with flint tools, between 13,820 and 14,160 years old, represents the oldest known dentistry, although a 2017 study suggests that 130,000 years ago the
1785:
The scope of oral and maxillofacial surgery is variable. In some countries, both a medical and dental degree is required for training, and the scope includes head and neck oncology and craniofacial deformity.
829:
Some dentists undertake further training after their initial degree in order to specialize. Exactly which subjects are recognized by dental registration bodies varies according to location. Examples include:
791:
All dentists in the United States undergo at least three years of undergraduate studies, but nearly all complete a bachelor's degree. This schooling is followed by four years of dental school to qualify as a
4931:
767:
experts" or "dental consultants". The practice of dentistry in the United
Kingdom became fully regulated with the 1921 Dentists Act, which required the registration of anyone practising dentistry. The
4901:
5099:
1776:). However more UK dentists now refer to themselves as "Doctor", although this was considered to be potentially misleading by the British public in a single report (see Costley and Fawcett 2010).
641:
Irreversible enamel defects caused by an untreated celiac disease. They may be the only clue to its diagnosis, even in absence of gastrointestinal symptoms, but are often confused with fluorosis,
5147:
4832:
634:, and any other drugs used in patient management. Depending on their licensing boards, general dentists may be required to complete additional training to perform sedation, dental implants, etc.
3965:
Formicola, Allan J.; Bailit, Howard L.; Beazoglou, Tryfon J.; Tedesco, Lisa A. (February 2008). "The interrelationship of accreditation and dental education: history and current environment".
4837:
4842:
1377:
The first book focused solely on dentistry was the "Artzney
Buchlein" in 1530, and the first dental textbook written in English was called "Operator for the Teeth" by Charles Allen in 1685.
2696:
1429:
single Parts, it must needs be a barren
Profession to confine unto that of drawing of Teeth, and little better than to have been Tooth-drawer unto King Pyrrhus, who had but two in his Head.
622:), endodontic (root canal) therapy, periodontal (gum) therapy, and extraction of teeth, as well as performing examinations, radiographs (x-rays), and diagnosis. Dentists can also prescribe
4896:
1437:
became known as the "father of modern dentistry". Despite the limitations of the primitive surgical instruments during the late 17th and early 18th century, Fauchard was a highly skilled
1215:, written in the 17th century BC but which may reflect previous manuscripts from as early as 3000 BC, discusses the treatment of dislocated or fractured jaws. In the 18th century BC, the
1031:
dealing with prevention and treatment of dental injuries and oral diseases associated with sports and exercise. The sports dentist works as an individual consultant or as a member of the
3001:
5084:
4881:
3533:
5225:
4941:
573:, oral diseases are major public health problems due to their high incidence and prevalence across the globe, with the disadvantaged affected more than other socio-economic groups.
5152:
4906:
2410:
Zadik Yehuda; Levin Liran (April 2007). "Decision making of Israeli, East European, and South American dental school graduates in third molar surgery: is there a difference?".
2130:
2383:
Zadik Yehuda; Levin Liran (April 2006). "Decision making of Hebrew University and Tel Aviv University Dental Schools graduates in every day dentistry—is there a difference?".
5089:
5015:
4916:
4762:
4727:
1818:
4911:
4742:
4589:
2827:
4579:
2726:
1139:
operated, perhaps, by skilled bead-crafters. The reconstruction of this ancient form of dentistry showed that the methods used were reliable and effective. The earliest
1553:
was the first ever dentist to be elected President of the Royal College of Surgeons (Edinburgh), raising dentistry onto a par with clinical surgery for the first time.
4870:
4717:
2108:
419:(the study of the mouth and its disorders and diseases) for which reason the two terms are used interchangeably in certain regions. However, some specialties such as
5172:
5119:
5068:
4866:
4737:
1642:
extensive research-based education. According to some experts, the accreditation of dental schools can enhance the quality and professionalism of dental education.
1382:
4797:
4722:
4413:
1060:
623:
423:(facial reconstruction) may require both medical and dental degrees to accomplish. In European history, dentistry is considered to have stemmed from the trade of
1943:
1576:
1504:, although they were initially made of gold, he discovered that the teeth position could be corrected as the teeth would follow the pattern of the wires. Waxed
1579:(OSHA). Regulations state that the permissible noise exposure levels for individuals is 90 dBA. For the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (
3592:
Pierre Fauchard, Surgeon-dentist: A Brief Account of the Beginning of Modern Dentistry, the First Dental Textbook, and Professional Life Two Hundred Years Ago
5139:
5005:
4995:
4975:
4956:
2801:
5177:
5167:
5104:
4891:
4827:
4812:
4777:
4683:
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411:
which has gone on to develop its own accredited degree with its own specializations. Dentistry is often also understood to subsume the now largely defunct
5628:
5210:
5124:
4985:
4886:
4817:
4807:
4747:
4693:
4564:
5129:
3480:
5969:
5094:
5033:
4852:
4787:
4782:
610:
By nature of their general training, dentists, without specialization can carry out the majority of dental treatments such as restorative (fillings,
5245:
4936:
4857:
4802:
4732:
4653:
4539:
4333:
3922:
Slavkin, Harold C. (January 2012). "Evolution of the scientific basis for dentistry and its impact on dental education: past, present, and future".
3507:
3453:
5283:
3803:
837:– The specialty of dentistry that deals with the advanced use of general anesthesia, sedation and pain management to facilitate dental procedures.
5568:
4980:
4951:
4772:
2704:
5255:
5109:
5063:
4921:
4767:
4757:
1536:. In 1763, he entered into a period of collaboration with the London-based dentist James Spence. He began to theorise about the possibility of
737:
3015:
5048:
5043:
5000:
4261:
4241:
3896:
3620:
3543:
3411:
3314:
2991:
2299:
296:
292:
2548:
1327:
and throughout the 19th century, dentistry was not a profession in itself, and often dental procedures were performed by barbers or general
5868:
4338:
3279:
1385:
in 1979 reported that there were then more than twice as many registered dentists per 10,000 population in the UK than there were in 1921.
3644:
2857:
2635:
2348:
Zadik Yehuda; Levin Liran (January 2008). "Clinical decision making in restorative dentistry, endodontics, and antibiotic prescription".
5192:
4057:
3690:
881:
with experience or training in this field. The function of the forensic dentist is primarily documentation and verification of identity.
775:
as president, played a major role in prosecuting dentists practising illegally. Dentists in the United Kingdom are now regulated by the
729:
3161:
57:
6004:
5346:
5157:
4406:
2048:
1808:
General Dental Council Patient and Public Attitudes to Standards for Dental Professionals, Ethical Guidance and Use of the Term Doctor
3192:
2144:
4926:
4752:
3249:
1562:
66:
6122:
3081:
1004:, which is the discipline originally concerned with the rehabilitation of patients with congenital facial and oral defects such as
645:
discoloration, acid reflux or other causes. The National Institutes of Health include a dental exam in the diagnostic protocol of
4946:
4574:
4266:
4251:
4092:
4087:
900:
894:
5240:
5162:
4604:
4599:
4312:
2835:
1706:
763:
3861:
Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group (1992). "Evidence-based medicine. A new approach to teaching the practice of medicine".
2730:
1245:
wrote about dentistry, including the eruption pattern of teeth, treating decayed teeth and gum disease, extracting teeth with
329:
5994:
5428:
5053:
5028:
4847:
4712:
4461:
4317:
4097:
3436:
1711:
906:
733:
695:
420:
4521:
3330:
1601:
There is a movement in modern dentistry to place a greater emphasis on high-quality scientific evidence in decision-making.
5293:
4876:
4399:
2168:
Pastore L, Carroccio A, Compilato D, Panzarella V, Serpico R, Lo Muzio L (2008). "Oral manifestations of celiac disease".
1843:
1480:
721:
544:
3742:
Wilson, J.D. (2002). "Effects of occupational ultrasonic noise exposure on hearing of dental hygienists: A pilot study".
5974:
5182:
4965:
4862:
4646:
4614:
4549:
4358:
4302:
1728:
1696:
1492:, and he invented many methods to replace lost teeth. He suggested that substitutes could be made from carved blocks of
1055:
5618:
5268:
5263:
4256:
1847:
1269:
is the first named "dentist" (greatest of the teeth). The Egyptians bound replacement teeth together with gold wire.
1587:
have reported using personal hearing protective devices, which could offset any potential hearing loss or tinnitus.
5598:
4961:
4422:
4246:
1568:
1265:
during the 6th–4th century BC, fashioning them from gold wire and incorporating two ivory teeth. In ancient Egypt,
768:
2805:
2221:
Estrella MR, Boynton JR (2010). "General dentistry's role in the care for children with special needs: a review".
530:, which comes from the French and Latin words for tooth. The term for the associated scientific study of teeth is
6027:
5303:
5298:
4363:
4276:
2052:
1686:
1001:
797:
570:
709:
686:. The concept that oral health can affect systemic health and disease is referred to as "oral-systemic health".
5819:
5741:
5736:
5656:
5416:
5235:
5215:
4792:
4706:
4702:
4698:
4195:
1622:
1602:
1596:
1220:
793:
759:(wisdom teeth) more often than dentists that graduated from Latin American or Eastern European dental schools.
597:
499:
466:
303:
1969:
1249:, and using wires to stabilize loose teeth and fractured jaws. Some say the first use of dental appliances or
783:
countries, to become a qualified dentist one must usually complete at least four years of postgraduate study;
5799:
5773:
5205:
5058:
4990:
4678:
4639:
4436:
4281:
4050:
3484:
1618:
1065:
A wealthy patient falling over because of having a tooth extracted with such vigour by a fashionable dentist
1017:
955:
and dentofacial orthopedics – The straightening of teeth and modification of midface and mandibular growth.
396:
2579:
5391:
5339:
4619:
4554:
4471:
4370:
4271:
1814:
1718:
776:
724:, and helped to establish dentistry as a health profession. It opened on 21 February 1828, and today is a
535:
3511:
3457:
514:(due to various severe complications arising from dental surgery with patients with heart disease), etc.
6042:
5928:
5901:
5874:
5826:
5780:
5475:
4822:
4544:
4142:
4074:
3770:
1738:
1567:
Long term occupational noise exposure can contribute to permanent hearing loss, which is referred to as
1550:
1533:
1393:
1301:
834:
814:
809:
273:
86:
6062:
6022:
5889:
5703:
5698:
5678:
5613:
5465:
5288:
5200:
5038:
4122:
2945:
1743:
1678:
1413:
1038:
1005:
846:
725:
49:
6142:
6084:
6067:
5726:
5443:
5308:
5230:
5220:
4511:
4486:
4476:
4307:
4297:
4220:
4137:
4107:
3023:
2774:
1733:
1723:
1701:
1691:
1610:
1407:
It was between 1650 and 1800 that the science of modern dentistry developed. The English physician
1286:
1219:
referenced dental extraction twice as it related to punishment. Examination of the remains of some
1212:
1042:
958:
914:
884:
874:
585:
556:
475:
6128:
3978:
3708:
Stevens, M (1999). "Is someone listening to the din of occupational noise exposure in dentistry".
700:
6163:
6032:
5989:
5979:
5768:
5721:
5688:
5683:
5433:
5411:
5278:
4688:
4348:
4185:
4157:
4147:
4127:
4043:
4010:"The first 25 year [Internet] Ireland: ADEE (Association for Dental Education in Europe)"
3062:
2607:
2584:
2556:
2203:
1513:
restorative techniques, and effectively separated dentistry from the wider category of surgery".
1367:
1297:
1250:
1140:
994:
864:
840:
615:
605:
601:
589:
3383:
Czarnetzki, A.; Ehrhardt S. (1990). "Re-dating the Chinese amalgam-filling of teeth in Europe".
3283:
3655:
2646:
2498:
1293:
medical text written by the Chinese physician Su Kung in 659, and appeared in Germany in 1528.
897:– The study, diagnosis, and sometimes the treatment of oral and maxillofacial related diseases.
6102:
5984:
5954:
5933:
5896:
5879:
5794:
5758:
5748:
5643:
5563:
5507:
5470:
5455:
5396:
5363:
5332:
5313:
5273:
4175:
3990:
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3939:
3878:
3843:
3795:
3751:
3672:
3616:
3539:
3432:
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3365:
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3143:
3104:
3054:
2973:
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2427:
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2365:
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2295:
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2195:
2124:
2030:
1925:
1673:
1352:
1216:
1163:
937:
927:
741:
611:
593:
447:
412:
287:
262:
1191:
Recipes for the treatment of toothache, infections and loose teeth are spread throughout the
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5789:
5666:
5541:
5497:
5023:
4375:
4190:
3974:
3935:
3931:
3870:
3833:
3785:
3169:
3096:
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2888:
2510:
2466:
2458:
2419:
2361:
2357:
2185:
2177:
2056:
2020:
2010:
1915:
1537:
1343:. Instruments used for dental extractions date back several centuries. In the 14th century,
1323:
Historically, dental extractions have been used to treat a variety of illnesses. During the
1277:
wrote extensively of oral diseases as well as dental treatments such as narcotic-containing
1274:
1100:
561:'tooth') – the study of the structure, development, and abnormalities of the teeth.
451:
443:
439:
435:
338:
267:
257:
3404:
Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia (Routledge Encyclopedias of the Middle Ages)
2248:
da Fonseca MA (2010). "Dental and oral care for chronically ill children and adolescents".
1231:. However, it is possible the prosthetics were prepared after death for aesthetic reasons.
6132:
6077:
5938:
5923:
5906:
5846:
5841:
5785:
5763:
5460:
5406:
5386:
4594:
4496:
4353:
4215:
4210:
3691:"Occupational Safety and Health Standards | Occupational Safety and Health Administration"
3199:
2151:
1659:
1614:
1458:
1434:
1344:
1200:
1185:
1124:
1032:
1028:
753:
714:
576:
The majority of dental treatments are carried out to prevent or treat the two most common
3257:
2499:"125 years of developments in dentistry, 1880–2005 Part 2: Law and the dental profession"
3112:
2949:
5964:
5918:
5731:
5661:
5480:
4225:
4205:
4200:
4167:
4132:
4117:
3838:
3821:
2996:
2968:
2933:
2471:
2446:
2025:
1998:
1765:
1668:
1542:
1489:
1454:
1371:
1234:
1204:
1156:
982:
968:
947:
918:
667:
646:
577:
487:
459:
424:
1362:
6157:
6047:
5836:
5831:
5693:
5633:
5536:
4662:
4180:
4152:
3874:
2671:
2207:
1606:
1501:
1466:
1408:
1208:
1192:
1180:
1171:
1135:) indicates that this form of dentistry involved curing tooth related disorders with
1119:
has yielded evidence of dentistry being practised as far back as 7000 BC, during the
933:
784:
732:, opened in Baltimore, Maryland, US in 1840. The second in the United States was the
683:
679:
581:
569:
Dentistry usually encompasses practices related to the oral cavity. According to the
211:
1441:
who made remarkable improvisations of dental instruments, often adapting tools from
6112:
6052:
6037:
5863:
5588:
5438:
5423:
5369:
4466:
4380:
4112:
4102:
2292:
Teeth: the story of beauty, inequality, and the struggle for oral health in America
1851:
1290:
1270:
1196:
1116:
1112:
979:(non-surgical and surgical) as well as placement and maintenance of dental implants
976:
952:
850:
819:
659:
642:
479:
455:
392:
342:
334:
161:
53:
3897:"Union workers build high-tech dental simulation laboratory for SIU dental school"
1876:
1628:
3610:
3590:
3570:
3334:
3100:
2958:
2181:
1920:
1903:
309:
5911:
5856:
5753:
5608:
5583:
5401:
4609:
4516:
4343:
4082:
3645:"A pioneering history: dentistry and the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh"
3606:
2858:"Analysis of Neanderthal teeth marks uncovers evidence of prehistoric dentistry"
1324:
1317:
1282:
1238:
1224:
1132:
1108:
1104:
1086:
944:
941:
877:– The gathering and use of dental evidence in law. This may be performed by any
868:
856:
756:
675:
471:
416:
388:
372:
364:
141:
5999:
3224:
2423:
2323:
2111:. National Institute of Health (NIH). Archived from the original on 15 May 2017
1078:
1041:– The field of dentistry applied to the care of animals. It is a specialty of
5884:
5851:
5623:
5573:
5558:
5553:
5546:
5531:
5521:
4584:
4506:
4501:
4481:
3572:
Pierre Fauchard (1678–1761): The First Dental Surgeon, His Work, His Actuality
2462:
1649:
1524:
After Fauchard, the study of dentistry rapidly expanded. Two important books,
1442:
1356:
1309:
1278:
1228:
1167:
772:
627:
511:
507:
430:
Dental treatments are carried out by a dental team, which often consists of a
149:
129:
4391:
3986:
3943:
3790:
3058:
2900:
2522:
2309:
2015:
903:– The study and radiologic interpretation of oral and maxillofacial diseases.
6072:
5814:
5809:
5673:
5651:
5526:
5490:
4531:
4491:
4451:
4441:
3723:
Merrel, HB (1992). "Noise pollution and hearing loss in the dental office".
1769:
1340:
1328:
1258:
1254:
1242:
1136:
1120:
503:
384:
376:
252:
153:
3994:
3951:
3847:
3799:
3755:
3147:
2977:
2530:
2514:
2480:
2431:
2396:
2369:
2261:
2234:
2199:
2034:
1516:
637:
3882:
3369:
3108:
2914:
1929:
5578:
5355:
4456:
2879:
Coppa, A.; et al. (2006). "Early Neolithic tradition of dentistry".
1572:
1305:
1262:
1148:
1128:
1009:
663:
631:
619:
495:
483:
408:
380:
360:
234:
157:
3066:
1424:
pub. 1690) made an early dental observation with characteristic humour:
930:– The art and science of replacing extracted teeth with dental implants.
510:(study of blood) to avoid bleeding complications during dental surgery,
6057:
5517:
5485:
5378:
1773:
1474:
1446:
1438:
1348:
1313:
1266:
1246:
1144:
990:
878:
823:
654:
653:
Dentists also encourage the prevention of oral diseases through proper
431:
400:
165:
145:
2190:
1151:
and dates from 6500 years ago. Dentistry was practised in prehistoric
1470:
1450:
1332:
1024:) – Dentistry for those with developmental and acquired disabilities.
749:
671:
498:
which could also affect the oral cavity. Other practices relevant to
491:
3356:
Bjørklund G (1989). "The history of dental amalgam (in Norwegian)".
2892:
1359:
which, in turn, was replaced by modern forceps in the 19th century.
1335:
usually limited their practice to extracting teeth which alleviated
1300:
Dentistry was discussed in several famous books of medicine such as
843:– Focuses on improving the appearance of the mouth, teeth and smile.
319:
383:, disorders, and conditions of the mouth, most commonly focused on
1627:
1580:
1515:
1505:
1493:
1479:
1473:, and also suggested that tumors surrounding the teeth and in the
1462:
1392:
1361:
1175:
1152:
1077:
1059:
813:
708:
699:
636:
328:
4631:
3822:"Occupational hygiene practices of dentists in southern Thailand"
1632:
A dental chair at the University of Michigan School of Dentistry
1509:
1497:
1355:
up until the late 18th century. The pelican was replaced by the
1336:
1178:, Japan, and China. The legend of the worm is also found in the
1174:. Evidence of this belief has also been found in ancient India,
368:
5328:
4635:
4395:
4039:
1159:
lanced from the root of a tooth dating back to around 2500 BC.
91:
A dentist treats a patient with the help of a dental assistant.
2279:. Vol. 2. St. Clair Shores: Somerset. pp. 1217–1218.
1107:
society about 10,000 years ago correlated with an increase in
20:
4035:
3771:"Occupational Health Problems in Modern Dentistry: A Review"
2150:(Report). National Institute of Health (NIH). Archived from
2079:"American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry | Dental CE Courses"
1453:, that he thought could be used in dentistry. He introduced
41:
5324:
1484:
Panoramic radiograph of historic dental implants, made 1978
549:
2887:(7085). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 755–756.
2535:
The 1879 register is referred to as the "Dental Register".
924:
Oral biology – Research in dental and craniofacial biology
720:
John M. Harris started the world's first dental school in
506:
of the mouth to inspect teeth deformity or oral malaises,
387:(the development and arrangement of teeth) as well as the
186:
Knowledge of human health, disease, pathology, and anatomy
3134:
Blomstedt, P. (2013). "Dental surgery in ancient Egypt".
752:
dental schools may recommend the removal of asymptomatic
588:(gum disease or pyorrhea). Common treatments involve the
4009:
2778:
1370:
designed by Fauchard in the late 17th century to use in
1347:
most probably invented the dental pelican (resembling a
1188:
still promoted the belief that worms cause tooth decay.
3244:
3242:
2752:
1617:
in the 1990s. It is part of the larger movement toward
45:
3045:
TOWNEND, B. R. (1944). "The Story of the Tooth-Worm".
2934:"Beeswax as Dental Filling on a Neolithic Human Tooth"
1944:"When barbers were surgeons and surgeons were barbers"
1844:"Glossary of Dental Clinical and Administrative Terms"
5153:
Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry
762:
In the United Kingdom, the first dental schools, the
2078:
462:) institutions (prisons, armed forces bases, etc.).
391:. Dentistry may also encompass other aspects of the
6015:
5953:
5714:
5642:
5597:
5506:
5377:
5362:
5254:
5191:
5138:
5077:
5014:
4669:
4563:
4530:
4429:
4326:
4290:
4234:
4166:
4073:
3082:"Historical Perspectives of Oral Biology: A Series"
1999:"Primary care in dentistry – an untapped potential"
1904:"Historical perspectives of oral biology: a series"
853:
and social health policies relevant to oral health.
454:). Most dentists either work in private practices (
302:
286:
243:
217:
205:
176:
171:
135:
123:
101:
96:
4590:North Thames Regional Cleft Lip and Palate Service
3309:(6th ed.). Thames & Hudson. p. 449.
678:is associated with an increased risk of diabetes,
4580:Craniofacial Society of Great Britain and Ireland
2828:"Oldest Dentistry Found in 14,000-Year-Old Tooth"
2697:"Anesthesiology recognized as a dental specialty"
2549:"The story of dentistry: Dental History Timeline"
2103:
2101:
2099:
1609:and the Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group at
1477:could appear in the later stages of tooth decay.
1184:, and as late as the 14th century AD the surgeon
36:contains too many pictures for its overall length
3280:"History of Dentistry Research Page, Newsletter"
2129:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
736:, established in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1845. The
2580:"Banning Clerks, Colliers and other Charlatans"
1530:Practical Treatise on the Diseases of the Teeth
1426:
1383:Royal Commission on the National Health Service
975:) – The study and treatment of diseases of the
3569:André Besombes; Phillipe de Gaillande (1993).
2543:
2541:
1397:A microscopic device used in dental analysis,
1115:already used rudimentary dentistry tools. The
5340:
4647:
4407:
4051:
3979:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2008.72.2_suppl.tb04480.x
3584:
3582:
3089:Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine
3080:Suddick Richard P., Harris Norman O. (1990).
2729:. FDI World Dental Federation. Archived from
1992:
1990:
1908:Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine
1577:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
1131:(now in Pakistan's south western province of
1008:or patients born with an underdeveloped ear (
713:Early dental chair in Pioneer West Museum in
8:
3307:Archaeology: Theories, Methods, and Practice
3129:
3127:
3125:
79:
5178:Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry
3863:Journal of the American Medical Association
3564:
3562:
3431:. Jefferson, N.C.: Mcfarland. p. 152.
2492:
2490:
2003:Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
379:, prevention, management, and treatment of
5629:Reproductive endocrinology and infertility
5374:
5347:
5333:
5325:
4654:
4640:
4632:
4414:
4400:
4392:
4058:
4044:
4036:
4014:Association for Dental Education in Europe
2932:Bernardini, Federico; et al. (2012).
1806:Neil Costley; Jo Fawcett (November 2010).
1532:(1778), were published by British surgeon
921:, and surgery of the jaws, mouth and face.
744:accepted a bid to incorporate the school.
5970:Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
5193:Australian and New Zealand dental schools
3837:
3789:
2967:
2957:
2915:"Dig uncovers ancient roots of dentistry"
2470:
2189:
2024:
2014:
1919:
1000:Some prosthodontists super-specialize in
478:, as well as systematic diseases such as
67:Learn how and when to remove this message
4540:Hearing loss with craniofacial syndromes
4334:Index of oral health and dental articles
4103:Orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics
3333:. Dentaltreatment.org.uk. Archived from
2860:. The University of Kansas. 28 June 2017
2802:"How our ancestors drilled rotten teeth"
2608:"History of Dental Surgery in Edinburgh"
2447:"Dentistry and the University of London"
2145:Dental Enamel Defects and Celiac Disease
40:Relevant discussion may be found on the
3936:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2012.76.1.tb05231.x
3331:"Dental Treatment in the Ancient Times"
3016:"History of Dentistry: Ancient Origins"
2362:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2008.72.1.tb04456.x
2294:. New York: The New Press. p. 70.
1817:/George Street Research. Archived from
1798:
1756:
2615:Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh
2578:J Menzies Campbell (8 February 1955).
2328:Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine
2122:
1155:, as evidenced by a skull which had a
738:Philadelphia College of Dental Surgery
283:
78:
4262:Canadian Association of Orthodontists
4242:American Association of Orthodontists
3535:Royal Commission on the NHS Chapter 9
3385:International Journal of Anthropology
2049:"What is the burden of oral disease?"
1871:
1869:
7:
6108:
5869:Physical medicine and rehabilitation
4339:Outline of dentistry and oral health
2992:"700 years added to Malta's history"
674:. Many studies have also shown that
50:indiscriminate collections of images
6118:
3809:from the original on 27 April 2019.
3305:Renfrew, Colin; Bahn, Paul (2012).
3136:Journal of the History of Dentistry
3047:Bulletin of the History of Medicine
3004:from the original on 16 March 2018.
2445:Gelbier, Stanley (1 October 2005).
1351:'s beak) which was used to perform
730:Baltimore College of Dental Surgery
315:
6005:Medical Scientist Training Program
3839:10.1002/j.1875-595x.2001.tb00811.x
2800:Barras, Colin (29 February 2016).
2277:Dictionary of Ohio Historic Places
1877:"Stone age man used dentist drill"
189:Communication/Interpersonal Skills
14:
3589:Bernhard Wolf Weinberger (1941).
1563:Occupational hazards in dentistry
1227:reveals early attempts at dental
1027:Sports dentistry – the branch of
997:and the restoration of implants.
183:Sub-Millimeter Surgical Dexterity
6137:
6127:
6117:
6107:
6098:
6097:
4575:Cleft Lip and Palate Association
4267:Dental Technologists Association
4252:British Dental Health Foundation
4093:Oral and maxillofacial radiology
4088:Oral and maxillofacial pathology
3875:10.1001/jama.1992.03490170092032
1902:Suddick, RP; Harris, NO (1990).
1652:
901:Oral and maxillofacial radiology
895:Oral and maxillofacial pathology
85:
58:Manual of Style on use of images
25:
6138:
5163:Guy's, King's & St Thomas's
5016:Defunct American dental schools
4605:Shriners Hospitals for Children
4600:Overseas Plastic Surgery Appeal
3652:History of Dentistry Newsletter
3615:. Transworld. pp. 223–24.
1772:(as do surgeons in the UK, see
1707:Dentistry in the United Kingdom
1312:who is considered the greatest
764:London School of Dental Surgery
399:. The practitioner is called a
5995:Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
5429:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
4942:Southern Illinois–Edwardsville
4462:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
4098:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
3643:Dingwall, Helen (April 2004).
2834:. 16 July 2015. Archived from
2636:"Dentistry (D.D.S. or D.M.D.)"
1712:Dentistry in the United States
1637:Ethical and medicolegal issues
1526:Natural History of Human Teeth
1261:crafted the oldest documented
936:– The clinical evaluation and
907:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
734:Ohio College of Dental Surgery
696:Dentistry throughout the world
596:or surgical removal of teeth,
522:The term dentistry comes from
421:oral and maxillofacial surgery
1:
3654:. No. 14. Archived from
3282:. Rcpsg.ac.uk. Archived from
3225:"Medicine in Ancient Egypt 3"
2672:"Canadian Dental Association"
2275:Owen, Lorrie K., ed. (1999).
2109:"Diagnosis of Celiac Disease"
1418:
1398:
1339:and associated chronic tooth
1257:from as early as 700 BC. The
1103:societies, but the advent of
1090:
1068:
867:and study of diseases of the
624:medications used in the field
52:or adjusting images that are
5975:Bachelor of Medical Sciences
5742:Neurosurgical anesthesiology
5183:UCL Eastman Dental Institute
4937:Southern California (Ostrow)
4615:Transforming Faces Worldwide
4550:Popliteal pterygium syndrome
4359:History of dental treatments
3826:International Dental Journal
3673:"Noise-Induced Hearing Loss"
3429:A history of the Middle East
3162:"Ancient Egyptian Dentistry"
3101:10.1177/10454411900010020301
2959:10.1371/journal.pone.0044904
2755:. Avdc.org. 29 November 2009
2182:10.1097/MCG.0b013e318074dd98
1921:10.1177/10454411900010020301
1729:List of dental organizations
1697:Dentistry in the Philippines
1488:Fauchard was the pioneer of
1056:History of dental treatments
728:. The first dental college,
550:
375:. It consists of the study,
5256:South Korean dental schools
4565:National and international
4522:Speech and language therapy
4257:British Orthodontic Society
3967:Journal of Dental Education
3924:Journal of Dental Education
3193:"History of Dentistry 2001"
3020:American Dental Association
2777:. Evdc.info. Archived from
1848:American Dental Association
1557:Hazards in modern dentistry
1289:were first documented in a
740:followed in 1852. In 1907,
6180:
4423:Cleft lip and cleft palate
4247:British Dental Association
3595:. Pierre Fauchard Academy.
3575:. Pierre Fauchard Academy.
3427:Friedman, Saul S. (2006).
2553:British Dental Association
2424:10.1016/j.joms.2006.09.002
2256:(3): 204–09, quiz 210–11.
1594:
1569:noise-induced hearing loss
1560:
1053:
965:) – Dentistry for children
818:A modern dental clinic in
807:
771:, formed in 1880 with Sir
769:British Dental Association
693:
539:
526:, which comes from French
6093:
4981:Texas Tech–El Paso (Hunt)
4277:Indian Dental Association
3744:Journal of Dental Hygiene
2463:10.1017/s0025727300009157
1687:Dentistry in ancient Rome
1002:maxillofacial prosthetics
798:Doctor of Dental Medicine
571:World Health Organization
458:), dental hospitals, or (
316:
84:
5929:Transplantation medicine
5820:Clinical neurophysiology
5737:Obstetric anesthesiology
5657:Interventional radiology
5417:Digestive system surgery
5216:Charles Sturt University
4437:Advance practice nursing
4196:Scaling and root planing
3791:10.2486/indhealth.45.611
3725:Dental Assisting Journal
2016:10.4103/2249-4863.152239
1623:evidence-based practices
1603:Evidence-based dentistry
1597:Evidence-based dentistry
1591:Evidence-based dentistry
1520:A modern dentist's chair
794:Doctor of Dental Surgery
598:scaling and root planing
500:evidence-based dentistry
467:evidence-based dentistry
5800:Intensive care medicine
5774:Mass gathering medicine
5619:Maternal–fetal medicine
5078:Canadian dental schools
4843:Nebraska–Medical Center
4671:American dental schools
4282:National Health Service
1619:evidence-based medicine
1099:Tooth decay was low in
1074:. History of Dentistry.
1018:Special needs dentistry
871:and periapical tissues.
690:Education and licensing
465:The modern movement of
397:temporomandibular joint
198:Empathy/Professionalism
56:in accordance with the
5392:Cardiothoracic surgery
5140:British dental schools
4798:LSU Health–New Orleans
4620:Smile Angel Foundation
4555:Van der Woude syndrome
4472:Orthodontic technology
4371:Infant oral mutilation
4272:General Dental Council
4008:Carrrassi, A. (2019).
3358:Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen
3250:"History Of Dentistry"
3166:University of Oklahoma
2515:10.1038/sj.bdj.4812875
2503:British Dental Journal
2412:J Oral Maxillofac Surg
1815:General Dental Council
1719:Eco-friendly dentistry
1633:
1521:
1485:
1431:
1404:
1374:
1096:
1075:
1022:special care dentistry
826:
777:General Dental Council
717:
706:
650:
395:complex including the
345:
6043:Personalized medicine
5902:Reproductive medicine
5827:Occupational medicine
5781:Evolutionary medicine
4970:UT Health–San Antonio
4545:Pierre Robin syndrome
4143:Restorative dentistry
3820:Leggat, P.A. (2001).
3769:Leggat, P.A. (2007).
3609:(30 September 2010).
3254:Complete Dental Guide
2804:. BBC. Archived from
1739:Sustainable dentistry
1683:Domestic healthcare:
1631:
1551:Francis Brodie Imlach
1519:
1500:. He also introduced
1483:
1469:were responsible for
1396:
1365:
1302:The Canon in medicine
1083:Farmer at the dentist
1081:
1063:
817:
810:Specialty (dentistry)
712:
703:
640:
332:
6063:Traditional medicine
6023:Alternative medicine
5890:Addiction psychiatry
5704:Transfusion medicine
5699:Medical microbiology
5614:Gynecologic oncology
5466:Reproductive surgery
5064:Pennsylvania College
4838:Missouri–Kansas City
4713:Case Western Reserve
4430:Related specialities
4123:Dental public health
3406:. Psychology Press.
3402:Meri, Josef (2005).
3227:. Arabworldbooks.com
3118:on 18 December 2007.
2707:on 21 September 2019
2497:Gelbier, S. (2005).
2170:J Clin Gastroenterol
1744:Veterinary dentistry
1679:Dental public health
1465:-derived acids like
1414:A Letter to a Friend
1147:, was discovered in
1039:Veterinary dentistry
1006:cleft lip and palate
987:prosthetic dentistry
847:Dental public health
590:restoration of teeth
231:Primary care clinics
46:improve this article
6085:History of medicine
6068:Veterinary medicine
5875:Preventive medicine
5727:Adolescent medicine
5569:Infectious diseases
5246:University of Otago
5221:Griffith University
5029:Fairleigh Dickinson
4512:Respiratory therapy
4487:Pediatric dentistry
4221:Socket preservation
4153:Dental traumatology
4148:Forensic odontology
4138:Geriatric dentistry
4133:Dental implantology
4108:Pediatric dentistry
3661:on 1 February 2013.
3538:. HMSO. July 1979.
3191:Wilwerding, Terry.
3172:on 26 December 2007
2950:2012PLoSO...744904B
2781:on 5 September 2018
2290:Mary, Otto (2017).
1997:Gambhir RS (2015).
1734:Pediatric dentistry
1724:Geriatric dentistry
1702:Dentistry in Israel
1692:Dentistry in Canada
1611:McMaster University
1461:. He asserted that
1433:The French surgeon
1213:Edwin Smith Papyrus
1043:veterinary medicine
959:Pediatric dentistry
885:Geriatric dentistry
875:Forensic odontology
586:periodontal disease
359:, is the branch of
81:
6033:Molecular oncology
5990:Doctor of Medicine
5980:Master of Medicine
5897:Radiation oncology
5769:Emergency medicine
5722:Addiction medicine
5689:Clinical chemistry
5684:Clinical pathology
5476:Transplant surgery
5434:Orthopedic surgery
5412:Colorectal surgery
4808:Maryland–Baltimore
4694:Boston U (Goldman)
4349:Dental instruments
4186:Root canal therapy
4158:Holistic dentistry
4128:Cosmetic dentistry
3973:(2 Suppl): 53–60.
3506:Gregory Ribitzky.
3479:Gregory Ribitzky.
3460:on 25 January 2020
3452:Gregory Ribitzky.
3364:(34–36): 3582–85.
3337:on 1 December 2009
3205:on 3 November 2014
2733:on 23 October 2020
2727:"Sports dentistry"
2585:The Glasgow Herald
1634:
1522:
1486:
1405:
1375:
1368:needle-nose pliers
1353:dental extractions
1308:and Al-Tasreef by
1298:Islamic Golden Age
1170:" as the cause of
1166:text describes a "
1097:
1076:
865:Root canal therapy
841:Cosmetic dentistry
827:
718:
707:
651:
606:cosmetic dentistry
584:(tooth decay) and
448:dental technicians
436:dental auxiliaries
346:
274:dental specialists
207:Education required
16:Branch of medicine
6151:
6150:
5985:Master of Surgery
5949:
5948:
5934:Tropical medicine
5880:Prison healthcare
5795:Hospital medicine
5759:Disaster medicine
5749:Aviation medicine
5564:Hospital medicine
5471:Surgical oncology
5456:Pediatric surgery
5450:
5397:Endocrine surgery
5322:
5321:
5241:Western Australia
4966:UT Health–Houston
4952:Temple (Kornberg)
4629:
4628:
4532:Related syndromes
4389:
4388:
4176:Dental extraction
3901:The Labor Tribune
3869:(17): 2420–2425.
3778:Industrial Health
3679:. 18 August 2015.
3622:978-1-4090-4462-8
3545:978-0-10-176150-5
3413:978-0-415-96690-0
3316:978-0-500-28976-1
3000:. 16 March 2018.
2832:Discovery Channel
2652:on 9 January 2017
2301:978-1-62097-144-4
1674:Dental instrument
1538:tooth transplants
1490:dental prosthesis
1457:as treatment for
1221:ancient Egyptians
1217:Code of Hammurabi
928:Oral Implantology
742:Temple University
560:
548:
452:dental therapists
444:dental hygienists
440:dental assistants
413:medical specialty
327:
326:
282:
281:
263:dental technician
228:Private practices
195:Critical Thinking
192:Analytical Skills
77:
76:
69:
6171:
6141:
6140:
6131:
6121:
6120:
6111:
6110:
6101:
6100:
5805:Medical genetics
5790:General practice
5667:Nuclear medicine
5542:Gastroenterology
5498:Vascular surgery
5448:
5375:
5349:
5342:
5335:
5326:
5090:British Columbia
4902:Pacific (Dugoni)
4848:Nevada–Las Vegas
4763:Illinois–Chicago
4656:
4649:
4642:
4633:
4416:
4409:
4402:
4393:
4376:Mouth assessment
4191:Root end surgery
4060:
4053:
4046:
4037:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4020:
4005:
3999:
3998:
3962:
3956:
3955:
3919:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3893:
3887:
3886:
3858:
3852:
3851:
3841:
3817:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3793:
3775:
3766:
3760:
3759:
3739:
3733:
3732:
3720:
3714:
3713:
3705:
3699:
3698:
3687:
3681:
3680:
3669:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3649:
3640:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3629:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3586:
3577:
3576:
3566:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3552:
3530:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3519:
3510:. Archived from
3503:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3483:. Archived from
3476:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3465:
3456:. Archived from
3449:
3443:
3442:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3380:
3374:
3373:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3342:
3327:
3321:
3320:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3286:on 28 April 2015
3276:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3265:
3256:. Archived from
3246:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3232:
3221:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3204:
3198:. Archived from
3197:
3188:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3177:
3168:. Archived from
3158:
3152:
3151:
3131:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3111:. Archived from
3086:
3077:
3071:
3070:
3042:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3022:. Archived from
3012:
3006:
3005:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2971:
2961:
2929:
2923:
2922:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2876:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2854:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2749:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2703:. Archived from
2693:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2651:
2645:. Archived from
2640:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2612:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2555:. Archived from
2545:
2536:
2534:
2494:
2485:
2484:
2474:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2385:J Isr Dent Assoc
2380:
2374:
2373:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2287:
2281:
2280:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2193:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2157:on 5 March 2016.
2156:
2149:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2128:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2105:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2055:. Archived from
2045:
2039:
2038:
2028:
2018:
1994:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1923:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1873:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1850:. Archived from
1840:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1823:
1812:
1803:
1786:
1783:
1777:
1761:
1662:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1423:
1420:
1403:
1400:
1389:Modern dentistry
1275:Cornelius Celsus
1101:pre-agricultural
1095:
1092:
1073:
1070:
722:Bainbridge, Ohio
565:Dental treatment
555:
553:
543:
541:
351:, also known as
339:dental assistant
320:edit on Wikidata
312:
284:
268:dental hygienist
258:dental assistant
137:Activity sectors
89:
82:
72:
65:
61:
54:sandwiching text
29:
28:
21:
6179:
6178:
6174:
6173:
6172:
6170:
6169:
6168:
6154:
6153:
6152:
6147:
6089:
6078:Chief physician
6011:
5956:
5945:
5939:Travel medicine
5924:Sports medicine
5907:Sexual medicine
5847:Palliative care
5842:Pain management
5786:Family medicine
5764:Diving medicine
5710:
5638:
5600:
5593:
5509:
5502:
5461:Plastic surgery
5407:General surgery
5387:Cardiac surgery
5368:
5366:
5358:
5353:
5323:
5318:
5284:Gangneung-Wonju
5250:
5187:
5134:
5073:
5010:
4665:
4660:
4630:
4625:
4595:Operation Smile
4566:
4559:
4526:
4497:Plastic surgery
4425:
4420:
4390:
4385:
4354:Dental material
4322:
4286:
4230:
4216:Tooth bleaching
4211:Tooth polishing
4162:
4069:
4064:
4034:
4029:
4028:
4018:
4016:
4007:
4006:
4002:
3964:
3963:
3959:
3921:
3920:
3916:
3906:
3904:
3903:. 17 March 2014
3895:
3894:
3890:
3860:
3859:
3855:
3819:
3818:
3814:
3806:
3773:
3768:
3767:
3763:
3741:
3740:
3736:
3722:
3721:
3717:
3707:
3706:
3702:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3671:
3670:
3666:
3658:
3647:
3642:
3641:
3637:
3627:
3625:
3623:
3605:
3604:
3600:
3588:
3587:
3580:
3568:
3567:
3560:
3550:
3548:
3546:
3532:
3531:
3527:
3517:
3515:
3514:on 23 June 2018
3505:
3504:
3500:
3490:
3488:
3487:on 23 June 2018
3478:
3477:
3473:
3463:
3461:
3451:
3450:
3446:
3439:
3426:
3425:
3421:
3414:
3401:
3400:
3396:
3382:
3381:
3377:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3340:
3338:
3329:
3328:
3324:
3317:
3304:
3303:
3299:
3289:
3287:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3263:
3261:
3260:on 14 July 2016
3248:
3247:
3240:
3230:
3228:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3208:
3206:
3202:
3195:
3190:
3189:
3185:
3175:
3173:
3160:
3159:
3155:
3133:
3132:
3123:
3115:
3084:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3029:
3027:
3014:
3013:
3009:
2990:
2989:
2985:
2931:
2930:
2926:
2921:. 5 April 2006.
2913:
2912:
2908:
2893:10.1038/440755a
2878:
2877:
2873:
2863:
2861:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2841:
2839:
2838:on 18 July 2015
2826:
2825:
2821:
2811:
2809:
2799:
2798:
2794:
2784:
2782:
2775:"EVDC web site"
2773:
2772:
2768:
2758:
2756:
2751:
2750:
2746:
2736:
2734:
2725:
2724:
2720:
2710:
2708:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2680:
2678:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2655:
2653:
2649:
2638:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2619:
2617:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2591:
2589:
2577:
2576:
2572:
2562:
2560:
2559:on 9 March 2012
2547:
2546:
2539:
2496:
2495:
2488:
2451:Medical History
2444:
2443:
2439:
2409:
2408:
2404:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2332:
2330:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2302:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2154:
2147:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2121:
2114:
2112:
2107:
2106:
2097:
2087:
2085:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2062:
2060:
2059:on 30 June 2004
2047:
2046:
2042:
1996:
1995:
1988:
1978:
1976:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1953:
1951:
1950:. 15 April 2015
1942:
1941:
1937:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1886:
1884:
1875:
1874:
1867:
1857:
1855:
1854:on 6 March 2016
1842:
1841:
1837:
1827:
1825:
1824:on 4 March 2016
1821:
1810:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1766:barber surgeons
1762:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1660:Medicine portal
1658:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1639:
1615:Ontario, Canada
1599:
1593:
1565:
1559:
1543:internal organs
1459:dental cavities
1455:dental fillings
1435:Pierre Fauchard
1421:
1401:
1391:
1345:Guy de Chauliac
1287:dental amalgams
1285:. The earliest
1273:medical writer
1253:comes from the
1201:Brugsch Papyrus
1186:Guy de Chauliac
1093:
1071:
1058:
1052:
1033:Sports Medicine
1029:sports medicine
849:– The study of
812:
806:
715:Shamrock, Texas
698:
692:
618:), prosthetic (
604:treatment, and
567:
520:
425:barber surgeons
363:focused on the
353:dental medicine
323:
308:
278:
246:
239:
222:
220:
208:
201:
138:
126:
125:Occupation type
119:
92:
73:
62:
39:
30:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6177:
6175:
6167:
6166:
6156:
6155:
6149:
6148:
6146:
6145:
6135:
6125:
6115:
6105:
6094:
6091:
6090:
6088:
6087:
6082:
6081:
6080:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6019:
6017:
6016:Related topics
6013:
6012:
6010:
6009:
6008:
6007:
5997:
5992:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5965:Medical school
5961:
5959:
5951:
5950:
5947:
5946:
5944:
5943:
5942:
5941:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5919:Sleep medicine
5916:
5915:
5914:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5893:
5892:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5866:
5861:
5860:
5859:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5823:
5822:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5783:
5778:
5777:
5776:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5745:
5744:
5739:
5732:Anesthesiology
5729:
5724:
5718:
5716:
5712:
5711:
5709:
5708:
5707:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5671:
5670:
5669:
5664:
5662:Neuroradiology
5659:
5648:
5646:
5640:
5639:
5637:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5605:
5603:
5599:Obstetrics and
5595:
5594:
5592:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5550:
5549:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5514:
5512:
5504:
5503:
5501:
5500:
5495:
5494:
5493:
5483:
5481:Trauma surgery
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5452:
5451:
5444:Otolaryngology
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5420:
5419:
5414:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5383:
5381:
5372:
5370:subspecialties
5360:
5359:
5354:
5352:
5351:
5344:
5337:
5329:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5260:
5258:
5252:
5251:
5249:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5197:
5195:
5189:
5188:
5186:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5144:
5142:
5136:
5135:
5133:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5081:
5079:
5075:
5074:
5072:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5020:
5018:
5012:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4932:South Carolina
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4877:North Carolina
4874:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4675:
4673:
4667:
4666:
4663:Dental schools
4661:
4659:
4658:
4651:
4644:
4636:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4623:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4571:
4569:
4561:
4560:
4558:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4536:
4534:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4477:Otolaryngology
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4433:
4431:
4427:
4426:
4421:
4419:
4418:
4411:
4404:
4396:
4387:
4386:
4384:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4367:
4366:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4330:
4328:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4320:
4315:
4313:United Kingdom
4310:
4305:
4300:
4294:
4292:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4238:
4236:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4228:
4226:Dental implant
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4206:Dental bonding
4203:
4201:Teeth cleaning
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4172:
4170:
4168:Dental surgery
4164:
4163:
4161:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4118:Prosthodontics
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4079:
4077:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4063:
4062:
4055:
4048:
4040:
4033:
4032:External links
4030:
4027:
4026:
4000:
3957:
3914:
3888:
3853:
3812:
3761:
3734:
3715:
3700:
3682:
3664:
3635:
3621:
3598:
3578:
3558:
3544:
3525:
3498:
3471:
3444:
3437:
3419:
3412:
3394:
3375:
3348:
3322:
3315:
3297:
3271:
3238:
3216:
3183:
3153:
3121:
3072:
3037:
3026:on 5 July 2007
3007:
2997:Times of Malta
2983:
2924:
2906:
2871:
2849:
2819:
2808:on 19 May 2017
2792:
2766:
2744:
2718:
2688:
2663:
2627:
2599:
2570:
2537:
2509:(7): 470–473.
2486:
2457:(4): 445–462.
2437:
2402:
2375:
2340:
2315:
2300:
2282:
2267:
2240:
2213:
2160:
2136:
2095:
2070:
2040:
1986:
1974:Etymonline.com
1961:
1948:Radio National
1935:
1894:
1883:. 6 April 2006
1865:
1835:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1778:
1774:Surgeon#Titles
1755:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1669:Dental aerosol
1665:
1664:
1663:
1647:
1644:
1638:
1635:
1595:Main article:
1592:
1589:
1561:Main article:
1558:
1555:
1390:
1387:
1372:prosthodontics
1205:Hearst papyrus
1157:dental abscess
1141:dental filling
1094: 1616–17
1051:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1036:
1025:
1015:
1014:
1013:
983:Prosthodontics
980:
969:Periodontology
966:
956:
950:
931:
925:
922:
904:
898:
892:
882:
872:
854:
844:
838:
835:Anesthesiology
808:Main article:
805:
802:
785:Dental degrees
694:Main article:
691:
688:
668:celiac disease
647:celiac disease
566:
563:
519:
516:
488:celiac disease
460:secondary care
325:
324:
317:
314:
313:
306:
300:
299:
290:
280:
279:
277:
276:
270:
265:
260:
255:
249:
247:
244:
241:
240:
238:
237:
232:
229:
225:
223:
218:
215:
214:
209:
206:
203:
202:
200:
199:
196:
193:
190:
187:
184:
180:
178:
174:
173:
169:
168:
139:
136:
133:
132:
127:
124:
121:
120:
116:
115:
112:
111:Dental Surgeon
109:
105:
103:
99:
98:
94:
93:
90:
75:
74:
33:
31:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6176:
6165:
6162:
6161:
6159:
6144:
6136:
6134:
6130:
6126:
6124:
6116:
6114:
6106:
6104:
6096:
6095:
6092:
6086:
6083:
6079:
6076:
6075:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6048:Public health
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6028:Allied health
6026:
6024:
6021:
6020:
6018:
6014:
6006:
6003:
6002:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5962:
5960:
5958:
5952:
5940:
5937:
5936:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5913:
5910:
5909:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5891:
5888:
5887:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5858:
5855:
5854:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5837:Oral medicine
5835:
5833:
5832:Ophthalmology
5830:
5828:
5825:
5821:
5818:
5817:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5775:
5772:
5771:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5734:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5719:
5717:
5713:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5694:Cytopathology
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5676:
5675:
5672:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5654:
5653:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5645:
5641:
5635:
5634:Urogynecology
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5606:
5604:
5602:
5596:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5548:
5545:
5544:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5537:Endocrinology
5535:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5519:
5516:
5515:
5513:
5511:
5505:
5499:
5496:
5492:
5489:
5488:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5447:
5446:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5409:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5384:
5382:
5380:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5365:
5361:
5357:
5350:
5345:
5343:
5338:
5336:
5331:
5330:
5327:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5261:
5259:
5257:
5253:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5194:
5190:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5145:
5143:
5141:
5137:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5082:
5080:
5076:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5021:
5019:
5017:
5013:
5007:
5006:West Virginia
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4976:Texas A&M
4974:
4971:
4967:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4872:
4868:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4743:East Carolina
4741:
4739:
4738:Detroit Mercy
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4708:
4704:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4689:Augusta (DCG)
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4672:
4668:
4664:
4657:
4652:
4650:
4645:
4643:
4638:
4637:
4634:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4568:
4567:organisations
4562:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4533:
4529:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4432:
4428:
4424:
4417:
4412:
4410:
4405:
4403:
4398:
4397:
4394:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4331:
4329:
4325:
4319:
4318:United States
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4293:
4289:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4235:Organisations
4233:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4181:Tooth filling
4179:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4165:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4061:
4056:
4054:
4049:
4047:
4042:
4041:
4038:
4031:
4015:
4011:
4004:
4001:
3996:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3961:
3958:
3953:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3918:
3915:
3902:
3898:
3892:
3889:
3884:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3868:
3864:
3857:
3854:
3849:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3831:
3827:
3823:
3816:
3813:
3805:
3801:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3784:(5): 611–21.
3783:
3779:
3772:
3765:
3762:
3757:
3753:
3750:(4): 262–69.
3749:
3745:
3738:
3735:
3730:
3726:
3719:
3716:
3711:
3704:
3701:
3696:
3692:
3686:
3683:
3678:
3674:
3668:
3665:
3657:
3653:
3646:
3639:
3636:
3624:
3618:
3614:
3613:
3612:The Knife Man
3608:
3602:
3599:
3594:
3593:
3585:
3583:
3579:
3574:
3573:
3565:
3563:
3559:
3547:
3541:
3537:
3536:
3529:
3526:
3513:
3509:
3502:
3499:
3486:
3482:
3475:
3472:
3459:
3455:
3448:
3445:
3440:
3434:
3430:
3423:
3420:
3415:
3409:
3405:
3398:
3395:
3390:
3386:
3379:
3376:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3359:
3352:
3349:
3336:
3332:
3326:
3323:
3318:
3312:
3308:
3301:
3298:
3285:
3281:
3275:
3272:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3245:
3243:
3239:
3226:
3220:
3217:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3184:
3171:
3167:
3163:
3157:
3154:
3149:
3145:
3142:(3): 129–42.
3141:
3137:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3122:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3095:(2): 135–51.
3094:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3073:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3041:
3038:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3011:
3008:
3003:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2987:
2984:
2979:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2944:(9): e44904.
2943:
2939:
2935:
2928:
2925:
2920:
2916:
2910:
2907:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2875:
2872:
2859:
2853:
2850:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2823:
2820:
2807:
2803:
2796:
2793:
2780:
2776:
2770:
2767:
2754:
2748:
2745:
2732:
2728:
2722:
2719:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2692:
2689:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2664:
2648:
2644:
2637:
2631:
2628:
2616:
2609:
2603:
2600:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2574:
2571:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2441:
2438:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2418:(4): 658–62.
2417:
2413:
2406:
2403:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2379:
2376:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2344:
2341:
2329:
2325:
2319:
2316:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2293:
2286:
2283:
2278:
2271:
2268:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2244:
2241:
2236:
2232:
2229:(3): 222–29.
2228:
2224:
2217:
2214:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2176:(3): 224–32.
2175:
2171:
2164:
2161:
2153:
2146:
2140:
2137:
2132:
2126:
2110:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2084:
2080:
2074:
2071:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2044:
2041:
2036:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1993:
1991:
1987:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1949:
1945:
1939:
1936:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1914:(2): 135–51.
1913:
1909:
1905:
1898:
1895:
1882:
1878:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1820:
1816:
1809:
1802:
1799:
1792:
1782:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1757:
1750:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1650:
1645:
1643:
1636:
1630:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1607:Gordon Guyatt
1604:
1598:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1546:
1544:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1518:
1514:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1502:dental braces
1499:
1495:
1491:
1482:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1467:tartaric acid
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1430:
1425:
1416:
1415:
1410:
1409:Thomas Browne
1395:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1378:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1235:Ancient Greek
1232:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1209:Ancient Egypt
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1193:Ebers Papyrus
1189:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1181:Homeric Hymns
1177:
1173:
1172:dental caries
1169:
1165:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1049:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1020:(also called
1019:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
998:
996:
992:
988:
985:(also called
984:
981:
978:
974:
971:(also called
970:
967:
964:
961:(also called
960:
957:
954:
951:
949:
946:
943:
939:
935:
934:Oral medicine
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
916:
912:
909:(also called
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
886:
883:
880:
876:
873:
870:
866:
862:
861:endodontology
859:(also called
858:
855:
852:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
833:
832:
831:
825:
821:
816:
811:
803:
801:
799:
795:
789:
786:
780:
778:
774:
770:
765:
760:
758:
755:
751:
745:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
726:dental museum
723:
716:
711:
702:
697:
689:
687:
685:
684:preterm birth
681:
680:heart disease
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
656:
648:
644:
639:
635:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
608:
607:
603:
600:, endodontic
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
582:dental caries
579:
578:oral diseases
574:
572:
564:
562:
558:
552:
546:
537:
536:Ancient Greek
533:
529:
525:
517:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
476:periodontitis
473:
468:
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
428:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
404:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
357:oral medicine
354:
350:
344:
340:
336:
331:
321:
311:
307:
305:
301:
298:
294:
291:
289:
285:
275:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
250:
248:
242:
236:
233:
230:
227:
226:
224:
216:
213:
212:Dental Degree
210:
204:
197:
194:
191:
188:
185:
182:
181:
179:
175:
170:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
140:
134:
131:
128:
122:
118:
113:
110:
107:
106:
104:
100:
95:
88:
83:
71:
68:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
37:
34:This article
32:
23:
22:
19:
6053:Rural health
6038:Nanomedicine
5589:Rheumatology
5520: /
5439:Hand surgery
5424:Neurosurgery
5120:Saskatchewan
5059:Oral Roberts
5054:Ohio College
5049:Northwestern
4467:Orthodontics
4446:
4381:Oral hygiene
4364:Ancient Rome
4113:Periodontics
4066:
4017:. Retrieved
4013:
4003:
3970:
3966:
3960:
3930:(1): 28–35.
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1471:dental decay
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1291:Tang dynasty
1233:
1225:Greco-Romans
1197:Kahun Papyri
1190:
1179:
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1117:Indus valley
1113:Neanderthals
1098:
1082:
1064:
1021:
986:
977:periodontium
973:periodontics
972:
962:
953:Orthodontics
911:oral surgery
910:
889:geriodontics
888:
860:
851:epidemiology
828:
820:Lappeenranta
804:Specialties
796:" (DDS) or "
790:
781:
761:
746:
719:
660:osteoporosis
652:
643:tetracycline
609:
575:
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527:
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480:osteoporosis
464:
456:primary care
429:
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393:craniofacial
356:
352:
348:
347:
343:wisdom tooth
335:oral surgeon
245:Related jobs
177:Competencies
162:Pharmacology
117:
63:
48:by removing
35:
18:
6123:Wikiproject
5912:Venereology
5857:Neonatology
5754:Dermatology
5609:Gynaecology
5601:gynaecology
5584:Pulmonology
5402:Eye surgery
5364:Specialties
4917:Puerto Rico
4871:Stony Brook
4853:New England
4833:Mississippi
4728:Connecticut
4610:Smile Train
4517:Social work
4344:Dental fear
4303:Philippines
4083:Endodontics
4075:Specialties
3176:15 December
2753:"AVDC Home"
2701:www.ada.org
2620:11 December
2588:. p. 3
2350:J Dent Educ
1970:"dentistry"
1571:(NIHL) and
1534:John Hunter
1528:(1771) and
1443:watchmakers
1422: 1656
1402: 1907
1325:Middle Ages
1318:Middle Ages
1304:written by
1296:During the
1283:astringents
1259:Phoenicians
1239:Hippocrates
1229:prosthetics
1162:An ancient
1133:Balochistan
1109:tooth decay
1087:Johann Liss
1072: 1790
963:pedodontics
915:Extractions
869:dental pulp
857:Endodontics
757:third molar
676:gum disease
628:antibiotics
518:Terminology
508:haematology
472:tooth decay
417:stomatology
389:oral mucosa
341:removing a
172:Description
142:Health care
5885:Psychiatry
5871:(PM&R)
5864:Phlebology
5852:Pediatrics
5679:Anatomical
5644:Diagnostic
5624:Obstetrics
5574:Nephrology
5559:Hematology
5554:Geriatrics
5547:Hepatology
5532:Cardiology
5522:Immunology
5236:Queensland
5226:James Cook
5034:Georgetown
4996:Washington
4887:Ohio State
4823:Midwestern
4793:Louisville
4788:Loma Linda
4699:California
4585:Interplast
4507:Psychology
4502:Psychiatry
4482:Pediatrics
4291:By country
4019:21 October
3481:"Toothkey"
3438:0786451343
3209:3 November
2681:21 October
2676:cda-adc.ca
2643:Purdue.edu
2333:13 January
2252:(Review).
2225:(Review).
2191:10447/1671
2172:(Review).
2088:21 October
2005:(Review).
1858:1 February
1828:11 January
1813:(Report).
1793:References
1770:physicians
1768:more than
1621:and other
1357:dental key
1329:physicians
1310:Al-Zahrawi
1279:emollients
1168:tooth worm
1143:, made of
1137:bow drills
1054:See also:
773:John Tomes
602:root canal
594:extraction
580:which are
532:odontology
512:cardiology
221:employment
150:Physiology
130:Profession
97:Occupation
6164:Dentistry
6073:Physician
5957:education
5815:Neurology
5810:Narcology
5674:Pathology
5652:Radiology
5527:Angiology
5491:Andrology
5294:Kyungpook
5289:Kyung Hee
5206:Melbourne
5173:Newcastle
5168:Liverpool
5095:Dalhousie
4957:Tennessee
4922:Rochester
4828:Minnesota
4803:Marquette
4783:Lake Erie
4733:Creighton
4492:Physician
4452:Dietetics
4447:Dentistry
4442:Audiology
4067:Dentistry
3987:0022-0337
3944:1930-7837
3731:(3): 6–9.
3508:"Forceps"
3454:"Pelican"
3059:0007-5140
3030:9 January
2901:0028-0836
2523:1476-5373
2324:"History"
2310:958458166
2208:205776755
1449:and even
1341:infection
1255:Etruscans
1243:Aristotle
1237:scholars
1125:Neolithic
1121:Stone Age
938:diagnosis
632:sedatives
545:romanized
504:radiology
438:(such as
385:dentition
377:diagnosis
349:Dentistry
253:Physician
235:Hospitals
219:Fields of
154:Pathology
80:Dentistry
44:. Please
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6158:Category
6103:Category
5579:Oncology
5510:medicine
5508:Internal
5356:Medicine
5309:Wonkwang
5231:La Trobe
5211:Adelaide
5148:Aberdeen
5115:Montréal
5105:Manitoba
5001:WesternU
4892:Oklahoma
4818:Michigan
4778:Kentucky
4723:Columbia
4718:Colorado
4457:Genetics
4327:See also
3995:18250379
3952:22262547
3848:11326443
3804:Archived
3800:18057804
3756:12592917
3695:Osha.gov
3341:18 April
3231:18 April
3148:24665522
3067:44442797
3002:Archived
2978:23028670
2938:PLOS ONE
2919:NBC News
2785:18 April
2759:18 April
2711:12 March
2531:16215593
2481:16562330
2432:17368360
2397:16886872
2370:18172239
2262:20478800
2250:Gen Dent
2235:20478802
2223:Gen Dent
2200:18223505
2125:cite web
2083:aacd.com
2035:25810982
1881:BBC News
1646:See also
1573:tinnitus
1447:jewelers
1306:Avicenna
1263:dentures
1164:Sumerian
1149:Slovenia
1129:Mehrgarh
1127:site of
1010:microtia
991:Dentures
948:diseases
919:implants
754:impacted
664:diabetes
626:such as
620:dentures
528:dentiste
502:include
496:HIV/AIDS
484:diabetes
409:medicine
381:diseases
361:medicine
288:ICD-9-CM
272:various
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6143:Outline
6113:Commons
6058:Therapy
5955:Medical
5518:Allergy
5486:Urology
5379:Surgery
5279:Dankook
5269:Chonnam
5264:Chonbuk
5158:Glasgow
5130:Western
5125:Toronto
5085:Alberta
4927:Rutgers
4867:Buffalo
4813:Meharry
4768:Indiana
4753:Harvard
4748:Florida
4684:Arizona
4622:(China)
3883:1404801
3628:8 March
3518:23 June
3491:23 June
3464:23 June
3370:2694433
3264:29 June
3109:2129621
2969:3446997
2946:Bibcode
2842:21 July
2812:1 March
2737:13 July
2592:5 April
2563:2 March
2472:1251639
2026:4366984
1930:2129621
1451:barbers
1439:surgeon
1411:in his
1366:Dental
1349:pelican
1333:Barbers
1316:of the
1314:surgeon
1267:Hesy-Ra
1251:bridges
1247:forceps
1145:beeswax
1105:farming
1050:History
995:bridges
945:mucosal
879:dentist
824:Finland
750:Israeli
655:hygiene
616:bridges
559:
547::
524:dentist
432:dentist
401:dentist
310:D003813
166:Surgery
146:Anatomy
108:Dentist
6133:Portal
6000:MD–PhD
5314:Yonsei
5274:Chosun
5201:Sydney
5110:McGill
5069:Wash U
5044:Loyola
5039:Harris
4897:Oregon
4758:Howard
4308:Israel
4298:Canada
3993:
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1928:
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1549:year,
1211:. The
1203:, and
1123:. The
682:, and
672:cancer
612:crowns
534:(from
494:, and
492:cancer
450:, and
371:, and
114:Doctor
5715:Other
5304:Seoul
5299:Pusan
5100:Laval
5024:Emory
4986:Tufts
4962:Texas
4947:Touro
3807:(PDF)
3774:(PDF)
3677:NIDCD
3659:(PDF)
3648:(PDF)
3203:(PDF)
3196:(PDF)
3116:(PDF)
3085:(PDF)
3063:JSTOR
2650:(PDF)
2639:(PDF)
2611:(PDF)
2204:S2CID
2155:(PDF)
2148:(PDF)
1822:(PDF)
1811:(PDF)
1751:Notes
1581:NIOSH
1506:linen
1494:ivory
1463:sugar
1271:Roman
1176:Egypt
1153:Malta
1035:Team.
551:odoĂşs
540:ὀδούς
373:mouth
365:teeth
318:[
102:Names
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4882:Nova
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4773:Iowa
4707:UCSF
4703:UCLA
4021:2019
3991:PMID
3983:ISSN
3948:PMID
3940:ISSN
3909:2021
3879:PMID
3844:PMID
3796:PMID
3752:PMID
3630:2012
3617:ISBN
3553:2015
3540:ISBN
3520:2018
3493:2018
3466:2018
3433:ISBN
3408:ISBN
3366:PMID
3343:2010
3311:ISBN
3292:2014
3266:2016
3233:2010
3211:2014
3178:2007
3144:PMID
3105:PMID
3055:ISSN
3032:2007
2974:PMID
2897:ISSN
2866:2017
2844:2015
2814:2016
2787:2010
2761:2010
2739:2020
2713:2019
2683:2019
2658:2018
2622:2007
2594:2017
2565:2010
2527:PMID
2519:ISSN
2477:PMID
2428:PMID
2393:PMID
2366:PMID
2335:2016
2306:OCLC
2296:ISBN
2258:PMID
2231:PMID
2196:PMID
2131:link
2117:2017
2090:2019
2065:2017
2031:PMID
1981:2018
1956:2021
1926:PMID
1889:2010
1860:2014
1830:2017
1510:silk
1498:bone
1475:gums
1337:pain
1281:and
1241:and
1223:and
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942:oral
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705:bone
557:lit.
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355:and
337:and
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5449:ENT
5367:and
4991:VCU
4858:NYU
4679:UAB
3975:doi
3932:doi
3871:doi
3867:268
3834:doi
3786:doi
3710:RDH
3362:109
3097:doi
2964:PMC
2954:doi
2889:doi
2885:440
2511:doi
2507:199
2467:PMC
2459:doi
2420:doi
2358:doi
2186:hdl
2178:doi
2053:WHO
2021:PMC
2011:doi
1916:doi
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