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converting their nonverbal knowledge into objects directly (as when an artisan fashioned an
American ax) or into drawings that have enabled others to build what was in their minds, have chosen the shape and many of the qualities of our man-made surroundings. This intellectual component of technology, which is non-literary and non-scientific, has been generally unnoticed because its origins lie in art and not in science.
17:
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New ideas can come by way of experimenting with tools and methods. Some designers explore ideas using pencil and paper. Others use many different mark-making tools and resources from computers to sculpture as a means of inspiring creativity. Traditionally, objects like pencil, compass, ruler, drawing
44:
triangle have been considered design tools and have been used to characterize design and designers. One reason for the success of traditional design tools such as pencil and paper is that these tools can be used without any special knowledge and their usage facilitates a continuous flow of thoughts.
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As the scientific component of knowledge in technology has increased markedly in the 19th and 20th centuries, the tendency has been to lose sight of the crucial part played by nonverbal knowledge in making the "big" decisions of form, arrangement, and texture, that determine the parameters within
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Much of the creative thought of the designers of our technological world is nonverbal, not easily reducible to words; its language is an object or a picture or a visual image in the mind. It is out of this kind of thinking that the clock, printing press, and snowmobile have arisen. Technologists,
167:
on paper, moving the designer through the creative process more quickly. However, being faced with limitless choices does not help isolate the best design solution and can lead to endless iterations with no clear design outcome. A designer may use
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There is some debate whether computers enhance the creative process of design. Rapid production from the computer allows many designers to explore multiple ideas quickly with more detail than what could be achieved by traditional hand-rendering or
107:
In his work claims
Ferguson that visual reasoning is a widely used tool used in creating technological artefacts. There is ample evidence that visual methods, particularly drawing, play a central role in creating artefacts.
94:
in the thinking process. In this article he reasoned that "Thinking with pictures is an essential strand in the intellectual history of technological development." He concludes his article with the following statement:
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allows designers to create models of designs that can be analyzed without having to make expensive and time-consuming physical prototypes.
35:. They may influence the process of production, expression and perception of design ideas and therefore need to be applied skillfully.
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Christof
Ehrlich: The Construction of the Idea and its Tools, in: Design - Creativity and Materialization. Cottbus, 1999, ISSN 1434-0984.
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Verbal design tools are, for example, metaphor, description, discussion, critique, theory, algorithm, calculation, program.
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Visual design tools are, for example, gesture, sketch, drawing, scale model, perspective drawing, photograph, film, video.
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programs have many functions which can be discussed in terms of design tools. One of the most widely used design tools is
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The appropriate development and presentation tools can substantially change how an audience perceives a project. The
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Elke Krasny: Architektur beginnt im Kopf - The Making of
Architecture. Basel, Boston, Berlin: Birkhäuser, 2008,
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which enables designers to create 3D models, 2D drawings, and schematics of their designs. CAD together with
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to explore multiple or complex ideas quickly without the distractions and complications of software.
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used for design can be divided in two categories, visual and verbal. Conventionally, in areas like
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PETRUSCHAT, Jörg (2001): Bemerkungen zum
Zeichnen, in: form+zweck, Heft 18, pp. 70 – 77
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Creative
Computer Tools for Artists: Using Software to Develop Drawings and Paintings,
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Design - Creativity and
Materialization. Cottbus, 1999, ISSN 1434-0984, online at:
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Ferguson, Eugene S. (1977, p. 835); Cited in: Becker (2007, p. 167-8)
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are objects, media, or computer programs, which can be used to
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is one of the most basic and most popular graphic design tools.
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242:, Basics Architecture 03, Lausanne, AVA academia, 2011,
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1898:American Institute of Graphic Arts
269:Milton Glaser Draws & Lectures
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1908:Design and Industries Association
370:, topic 1141. retrieved 3-18-2007
1903:Chartered Society of Designers
153:finite element method analysis
1:
1974:Prince Philip Designers Prize
617:Architectural lighting design
1780:Electronic design automation
1763:Virtual home design software
735:Automotive suspension design
103:which a system will operate.
639:Environmental impact design
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1918:International Forum Design
1288:Engineering design process
383:November 2001 Introduction
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1863:Fashion design copyright
1775:Design quality indicator
1224:Creative problem-solving
1015:Electrical system design
871:Sonic interaction design
782:Photographic lens design
656:Healthy community design
2071:New product development
2036:Enterprise architecture
1964:IF Product Design Award
1923:Design Research Society
1475:Reliability engineering
157:analytic element method
1527:Top-down and bottom-up
876:User experience design
777:Packaging and labeling
750:Electric guitar design
688:Landscape architecture
305:Telling About Society.
271:. retrieved 31-01-2011
197:Computer-aided design
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2326:Computer-aided design
2056:Innovation management
1939:European Design Award
1705:Intellectual property
1522:Theory of constraints
1485:Responsibility-driven
1325:For manufacturability
1229:Creativity techniques
1067:Nuclear weapon design
881:User interface design
745:Corrugated box design
666:Interior architecture
316:Ferguson, Eugene S. "
129:computer-aided design
19:
2321:Architectural design
2101:Unintelligent design
2081:Philosophy of design
1795:Design specification
1748:Comprehensive layout
1320:For behaviour change
1293:Probabilistic design
1055:Power network design
592:Visual merchandising
549:Instructional design
527:Postage stamp design
394:desktoppub.about.com
331:197.4306 (1977): 827
240:Architectural Design
131:(CAD) software like
2021:Creative industries
1944:German Design Award
1853:Design infringement
1738:Architectural model
1077:Organization design
1072:Nucleic acid design
1020:Experimental design
573:Traffic sign design
403:Retrieved 3-19-2008
392:Jacci Howard Bear,
361:Designtalkboard.com
350:Designtalkboard.com
192:Reflective practice
2086:Process simulation
2061:Intelligent design
1385:Intelligence-based
1380:Integrated topside
1310:Framework-oriented
995:Behavioural design
866:Information design
544:Information design
399:2013-12-06 at the
366:2018-06-12 at the
355:2007-06-29 at the
323:2014-03-18 at the
82:Eugene S. Ferguson
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1154:Activity-centered
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844:Video game design
822:Experience design
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730:Automotive design
634:Ecological design
512:Film title design
359:, topic 1030 and
248:978-2-940411-26-9
151:software such as
133:Autodesk Inventor
120:Computer programs
84:'s 1977 paper in
62:industrial design
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1199:Concept-oriented
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1117:Strategic design
1087:Processor design
1062:Mechanism design
1030:Geometric design
990:Algorithm design
930:Jewellery design
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2096:STEAM fields
2066:Lean startup
2051:Indie design
1867:
1834:Intellectual
1724:
1586:Value-driven
1564:Use-centered
1470:Regenerative
1450:Policy-based
1410:Mind mapping
1315:For assembly
1256:Design–build
1174:By committee
1159:Adaptive web
957:Sound design
915:glass design
913: /
898:applied arts
839:Level design
710:Urban design
661:Hotel design
612:Architecture
587:Video design
580: /
571: /
539:Illustration
532:Print design
502:Brand design
388:
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307:2007. p. 167
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203:Bibliography
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141:Pro Engineer
123:
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58:architecture
51:
42:
29:Design tools
28:
27:
2134:competition
2091:Slow design
2041:Form factor
2011:Concept art
1820:HTML editor
1500:Sustainable
1335:For testing
1179:By contract
1035:Work design
1010:Drug design
982:engineering
856:Icon design
834:Game design
812:Interaction
760:Sustainable
693:Sustainable
582:Type design
559:Photography
554:News design
497:Book design
492:Advertising
471:Disciplines
70:engineering
2310:Categories
2294:Wiktionary
2287:Wikisource
2241:technology
2211:principles
1810:Storyboard
1636:management
1631:leadership
1596:Privacy by
1435:Parametric
1405:Metadesign
1375:Integrated
1365:High-level
1350:Generative
1345:Functional
1214:Continuous
1209:Contextual
1184:C-K theory
1144:Approaches
886:Web design
740:CMF design
720:Industrial
578:Typography
226:References
147:(DMU) and
137:SolidWorks
2280:Wikiquote
2266:Wikibooks
2216:rationale
2181:knowledge
2156:education
2076:OODA loop
1800:Prototype
1785:Flowchart
1743:Blueprint
1611:computing
1547:Universal
1495:Safe-life
1400:Low-level
1390:Iterative
1370:Inclusive
1355:Geodesign
1246:Defensive
1194:Co-design
1164:Affective
2273:Wikinews
2206:paradigm
2186:language
2166:engineer
2161:elements
2151:director
1836:property
1681:thinking
1671:strategy
1656:research
1616:controls
1574:Empathic
1505:Systemic
1465:Rational
1420:New Wave
1234:Critical
457:Designer
397:Archived
364:Archived
353:Archived
321:Archived
250:, p. 40
176:See also
170:sketches
165:paste-up
125:Computer
2259:Commons
2231:studies
2176:history
2144:student
2129:classic
2117:Design
2031:.design
1959:Graphex
1661:science
1651:pattern
1646:methods
1621:culture
1604:Design
1415:Modular
1268:Diffuse
1189:Closure
911:Ceramic
569:Signage
452:Outline
329:Science
87:Science
39:Objects
2316:Design
2236:studio
2221:review
2201:museum
2124:change
1932:Awards
1805:Sketch
1790:Mockup
1770:CAutoD
1711:Awards
1676:theory
1666:sprint
1641:marker
1606:choice
980:&
978:design
814:design
722:design
604:design
522:Motion
484:design
441:Design
246:
218:
135:, DSS
112:Verbal
76:Visual
33:design
22:pencil
2119:brief
2006:Agile
1725:Tools
1702:Tools
1340:For X
976:Other
895:Other
139:, or
64:, or
54:media
48:Media
2196:load
2191:life
2171:firm
1758:CAID
1626:flow
1542:TRIZ
1430:Open
244:ISBN
216:ISBN
20:The
1753:CAD
1733:AAD
1510:SOD
1490:RWD
1360:HCD
827:EED
676:EID
327:."
155:or
149:CAE
2312::
60:,
433:e
426:t
419:v
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