Knowledge (XXG)

Design around

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Design-arounds are considered to be one of the benefits of patent law. By providing monopoly rights to inventors in exchange for disclosing how to make and use their inventions, others are given both the information and incentive to invent competitive alternatives that design around the original
82:, for example, design-arounds are considered fairly easy. It is often possible to use the original patent as a guide for developing an alternative that does not infringe the original patent. 258: 1769: 1838: 2246: 89:. The amount of license fee that a patent troll can demand is limited by the alternative of the cost of designing around the troll's patent(s). 1843: 624: 2270: 1787: 582: 1797: 273: 212: 279: 2275: 2028: 1647: 321: 1150: 1792: 1863: 1416: 939: 516: 506: 1669: 1652: 1374: 1214: 649: 565: 538: 2239: 966: 528: 2033: 1895: 1807: 1177: 716: 1990: 1659: 1274: 1269: 1199: 1140: 944: 929: 740: 656: 1995: 1752: 1664: 1426: 1113: 1043: 904: 760: 671: 545: 1088: 1960: 1925: 1853: 1812: 1764: 1622: 1441: 1399: 1364: 1344: 1108: 2232: 1480: 1349: 1314: 765: 666: 639: 577: 2161: 1945: 1828: 1642: 1448: 1421: 1411: 1379: 1369: 1334: 1249: 1194: 1189: 1172: 1118: 956: 909: 770: 634: 555: 411: 119: 2115: 1970: 1930: 1684: 1637: 1458: 1406: 1329: 1319: 1219: 1182: 1162: 1093: 1083: 491: 481: 438: 416: 371: 314: 145: 21: 2265: 1910: 1833: 1742: 1627: 1475: 1453: 1359: 1339: 1204: 1063: 1048: 961: 728: 681: 462: 2147: 2023: 1975: 1950: 1389: 1224: 1209: 1068: 884: 755: 701: 433: 2175: 2130: 2100: 1905: 1858: 1714: 1704: 1525: 1520: 1515: 1485: 1324: 1309: 1264: 1254: 1239: 1234: 1167: 1103: 1098: 1001: 836: 733: 711: 661: 619: 609: 523: 401: 341: 269: 239: 208: 194: 2216: 1145: 243: 204: 198: 2105: 2070: 2045: 1758: 1732: 1694: 1500: 1436: 1384: 1289: 1279: 1259: 1135: 1053: 1006: 976: 951: 919: 879: 819: 750: 589: 230: 109: 93: 2095: 2075: 2055: 2050: 2040: 1935: 1570: 1560: 1545: 1505: 1470: 1463: 1394: 1354: 1123: 996: 986: 894: 851: 831: 560: 511: 307: 33: 2120: 2065: 2018: 2000: 1802: 1550: 1540: 1535: 1510: 1304: 1284: 1157: 1128: 1078: 1011: 981: 971: 934: 856: 814: 809: 691: 686: 676: 594: 572: 406: 396: 97: 71: 2259: 2125: 2110: 2090: 2013: 1915: 1747: 1565: 1555: 1530: 1495: 1058: 991: 914: 889: 841: 826: 533: 453: 39: 2008: 1985: 1955: 1940: 1229: 846: 787: 599: 550: 501: 476: 428: 421: 86: 2204: 171: 2085: 2080: 2060: 1980: 1900: 1709: 1614: 924: 899: 871: 800: 745: 723: 471: 448: 443: 386: 381: 2182: 1699: 1294: 1073: 795: 775: 629: 467: 124: 114: 2168: 2154: 1965: 1689: 1674: 1632: 1244: 804: 644: 67: 92:
In order to defend against design-arounds, inventors often develop a large
1299: 346: 1920: 1848: 458: 79: 1679: 330: 59: 172:"What Does the Public Get?: Experimental Use and the Patent Bargain" 100:. Thus a competitor will have to avoid many patents when designing. 391: 49: 1431: 1884: 1587: 1032: 359: 303: 228:
Golden, John M. (2007). "'Patent Trolls' and Patent Remedies".
2212: 195:"Creating Markets for New Vaccines –Part II: Design Issues" 259:"The Strategic Use of Patents: Implications for Antitrust" 299: 66:" means to design or invent an alternative to a patented 266:
Antitrust, Patents and Copyright: EU and US Perspectives
2220: 74:. The phrase can also refer to the alternative itself. 52:, forcing competitors to use circular shaped switches. 27:
Nintendo Famicom controller, with D-pad on left side
1821: 1780: 1723: 1613: 865: 784: 700: 608: 490: 370: 264:. In Leveque, Francois; Shelanski, Howard (eds.). 268:. Northampton: Edward Elgar. pp. 85–102. 2240: 315: 257:Rubinfeld, Daniel L.; Maness, Robert (2005). 203:. Vol. I. Cambridge: MIT Press. p.  8: 96:of interlocking patents, sometimes called a 2247: 2233: 1881: 1610: 1584: 1029: 367: 356: 322: 308: 300: 1839:Good Design Award (Museum of Modern Art) 85:Design-arounds can be a defense against 48:Nintendo has a patent on a cross-shaped 136: 1844:Good Design Award (Chicago Athenaeum) 144:Stainer, Hermann (23 December 2017). 7: 2201: 2199: 70:that does not infringe the patent's 2219:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by 1788:American Institute of Graphic Arts 14: 1798:Design and Industries Association 200:Innovation Policy and the Economy 2203: 32: 20: 1793:Chartered Society of Designers 170:Strandburg, Katherine (2004). 1: 1864:Prince Philip Designers Prize 507:Architectural lighting design 1670:Electronic design automation 1653:Virtual home design software 625:Automotive suspension design 529:Environmental impact design 146:"Iconic Patents: The D-Pad" 2292: 2198: 1808:International Forum Design 1178:Engineering design process 2271:Intellectual property law 2143: 1891: 1880: 1609: 1583: 1039: 1028: 930:Integrated circuit design 852:Stage/set lighting design 741:Hardware interface design 657:Hardware interface design 366: 355: 337: 1765:Industrial design rights 1753:Fashion design copyright 1665:Design quality indicator 1114:Creative problem-solving 905:Electrical system design 761:Sonic interaction design 672:Photographic lens design 546:Healthy community design 193:Kremer, Michael (2001). 78:patent. In the field of 2276:Legal terminology stubs 1961:New product development 1926:Enterprise architecture 1854:IF Product Design Award 1813:Design Research Society 1365:Reliability engineering 1417:Top-down and bottom-up 766:User experience design 667:Packaging and labeling 640:Electric guitar design 578:Landscape architecture 150:www.hermannstainer.com 1946:Innovation management 1829:European Design Award 1595:Intellectual property 1412:Theory of constraints 1375:Responsibility-driven 1215:For manufacturability 1119:Creativity techniques 957:Nuclear weapon design 771:User interface design 635:Corrugated box design 556:Interior architecture 120:Reinventing the wheel 1991:Unintelligent design 1971:Philosophy of design 1685:Design specification 1638:Comprehensive layout 1210:For behaviour change 1183:Probabilistic design 945:Power network design 482:Visual merchandising 439:Instructional design 417:Postage stamp design 176:Wisconsin Law Review 1911:Creative industries 1834:German Design Award 1743:Design infringement 1628:Architectural model 967:Organization design 962:Nucleic acid design 910:Experimental design 463:Traffic sign design 1976:Process simulation 1951:Intelligent design 1275:Intelligence-based 1270:Integrated topside 1200:Framework-oriented 885:Behavioural design 756:Information design 434:Information design 2228: 2227: 2193: 2192: 2139: 2138: 1906:Conceptual design 1876: 1875: 1872: 1871: 1859:James Dyson Award 1715:Website wireframe 1705:Technical drawing 1579: 1578: 1427:Transgenerational 1168:Ecological design 1044:Activity-centered 1024: 1023: 1020: 1019: 1002:Spacecraft design 796:Public art design 734:Video game design 712:Experience design 682:Production design 662:Motorcycle design 620:Automotive design 524:Ecological design 402:Film title design 62:, the phrase "to 2283: 2249: 2242: 2235: 2207: 2200: 2185: 2178: 2171: 2164: 2157: 2150: 1882: 1759:Geschmacksmuster 1733:Community design 1611: 1585: 1345:Process-centered 1141:Design–bid–build 1109:Cradle-to-cradle 1089:Concept-oriented 1030: 1007:Strategic design 977:Processor design 952:Mechanism design 920:Geometric design 880:Algorithm design 820:Jewellery design 751:Immersive design 645:Furniture design 590:Landscape design 368: 357: 324: 317: 310: 301: 294: 293: 291: 290: 284: 278:. Archived from 263: 254: 248: 247: 231:Texas Law Review 225: 219: 218: 190: 184: 183: 167: 161: 160: 158: 156: 141: 110:Essential patent 58:In the field of 36: 24: 2291: 2290: 2286: 2285: 2284: 2282: 2281: 2280: 2256: 2255: 2254: 2253: 2196: 2194: 2189: 2183: 2176: 2169: 2162: 2155: 2148: 2135: 1936:Futures studies 1887: 1868: 1817: 1776: 1725: 1719: 1605: 1604: 1575: 1481:Value sensitive 1471:User innovation 1350:Public interest 1315:Object-oriented 1035: 1016: 997:Software design 987:Research design 940:Physical design 895:Database design 869: 867: 861: 837:Property design 832:Game art design 786: 780: 703: 696: 611: 604: 561:Interior design 512:Building design 493: 486: 373: 362: 351: 333: 328: 298: 297: 288: 286: 282: 276: 261: 256: 255: 251: 227: 226: 222: 215: 192: 191: 187: 169: 168: 164: 154: 152: 143: 142: 138: 133: 106: 56: 55: 54: 53: 45: 44: 43: 37: 29: 28: 25: 12: 11: 5: 2289: 2287: 2279: 2278: 2273: 2268: 2258: 2257: 2252: 2251: 2244: 2237: 2229: 2226: 2225: 2208: 2191: 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design 969: 964: 959: 954: 949: 948: 947: 942: 937: 935:Circuit design 927: 922: 917: 912: 907: 902: 897: 892: 887: 882: 876: 874: 863: 862: 860: 859: 857:Textile design 854: 849: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 823: 822: 817: 815:Costume design 810:Fashion design 807: 798: 792: 790: 782: 781: 779: 778: 773: 768: 763: 758: 753: 748: 743: 738: 737: 736: 731: 721: 720: 719: 708: 706: 698: 697: 695: 694: 692:Service design 689: 687:Sensory design 684: 679: 677:Product design 674: 669: 664: 659: 654: 653: 652: 642: 637: 632: 627: 622: 616: 614: 606: 605: 603: 602: 597: 595:Spatial design 592: 587: 586: 585: 575: 573:Keyline design 570: 569: 568: 558: 553: 548: 543: 542: 541: 539:Computer-aided 531: 526: 521: 520: 519: 509: 504: 498: 496: 488: 487: 485: 484: 479: 474: 465: 456: 451: 446: 441: 436: 431: 426: 425: 424: 419: 414: 407:Graphic design 404: 399: 397:Exhibit design 394: 389: 384: 378: 376: 364: 363: 360: 353: 352: 350: 349: 344: 338: 335: 334: 329: 327: 326: 319: 312: 304: 296: 295: 274: 249: 238:: 2111–2161 . 220: 213: 185: 162: 135: 134: 132: 129: 128: 127: 122: 117: 112: 105: 102: 98:patent thicket 47: 46: 38: 31: 30: 26: 19: 18: 17: 16: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2288: 2277: 2274: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2263: 2261: 2250: 2245: 2243: 2238: 2236: 2231: 2230: 2224: 2222: 2218: 2215:article is a 2214: 2209: 2206: 2202: 2197: 2186: 2181: 2179: 2174: 2172: 2167: 2165: 2160: 2158: 2153: 2151: 2146: 2145: 2142: 2132: 2129: 2127: 2124: 2122: 2119: 2117: 2116:specification 2114: 2112: 2109: 2107: 2104: 2102: 2099: 2097: 2094: 2092: 2089: 2087: 2084: 2082: 2079: 2077: 2074: 2072: 2069: 2067: 2064: 2062: 2059: 2057: 2054: 2052: 2049: 2047: 2044: 2042: 2039: 2035: 2032: 2030: 2029:architectural 2027: 2026: 2025: 2022: 2020: 2017: 2015: 2012: 2010: 2006: 2005: 2002: 1999: 1997: 1996:Visualization 1994: 1992: 1989: 1987: 1984: 1982: 1979: 1977: 1974: 1972: 1969: 1967: 1964: 1962: 1959: 1957: 1954: 1952: 1949: 1947: 1944: 1942: 1939: 1937: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1924: 1922: 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1497: 1493: 1492: 1487: 1484: 1483: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1465: 1462: 1461: 1460: 1459:User-centered 1457: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1443: 1440: 1439: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1407:Tableless web 1405: 1401: 1398: 1397: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1363: 1361: 1358: 1356: 1353: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1338: 1336: 1333: 1331: 1330:Participatory 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1296: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1281: 1278: 1276: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1266: 1263: 1261: 1258: 1256: 1253: 1251: 1248: 1246: 1243: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1231: 1228: 1226: 1223: 1221: 1220:For Six Sigma 1218: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1201: 1198: 1196: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1184: 1181: 1180: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1163:Domain-driven 1161: 1159: 1156: 1152: 1151:architect-led 1149: 1148: 1147: 1144: 1142: 1139: 1137: 1134: 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Index

Nintendo Famicom controller, with D-pad having a cross shape
Close-up view of Master System D-pad, shaped like a rounded rectangle
Master System
D-pad
patents
invention
claims
vaccines
patent trolls
portfolio
patent thicket
Essential patent
Patent map
Reinventing the wheel
Workaround
"Iconic Patents: The D-Pad"
"What Does the Public Get?: Experimental Use and the Patent Bargain"
"Creating Markets for New Vaccines –Part II: Design Issues"
Innovation Policy and the Economy
93
ISBN
0-262-60041-2
Texas Law Review
SSRN
991698
"The Strategic Use of Patents: Implications for Antitrust"
ISBN
1-84542-603-7
the original
v

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