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caucus would be free to recommend any new leader of its choice to the governor general. Barring extraordinary circumstances, the governor general is expected to follow the wishes of the party, although officially they retain the authority to make the final decision. That being the case, no prime minister has died in office or resigned suddenly (except following his or her party's electoral defeat) since the 1890s, many decades before the office of deputy prime minister was created.
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process. In almost all cases, the outgoing prime minister hands over power directly to their designated successor, without any interim prime minister. By contrast, during leadership contests for the official opposition party, the leader of the opposition has often (though not always) been occupied by an interim
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headed toward Ottawa. An acting prime minister did not otherwise have the authority to act independently of the sitting prime minister in a legislative or political capacity, nor would an acting prime minister be considered to have actually served as prime minister. As well the acting prime minister
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Extended notice is usually given when a sitting prime minister does not plan to lead his/her party into another election. Leadership contests to determine the successor to a prime minister are usually held during the final days of the incumbent's term, and are traditionally a lengthy and competitive
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to consult the governing party regarding the leadership, and to call on a member of that party's caucus to assume the prime ministership. No policy or convention precludes the deputy prime minister from being chosen as the new prime minister in such a scenario, but none assures it, either—the party
1206:
Eugene Lang and Greg
Schmidt describe the role as one of "soft power", in which a deputy prime minister only carries as much or as little power within a government as the prime minister chooses to permit them; the level of power is usually communicated less by the deputy prime minister's title
1066:. Previous prime ministers have had similar orders-in-council, under which the deputy prime minister and then the balance of the Cabinet, in order of precedence, have been authorized to act for the prime minister. Media analysts generally credited the top person on these lists as being the
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Prior to the creation of this position, the position of "Senior
Minister" was a ceremonial position used in a similar manner, heading the order of precedence. Upon the absence of the prime minister, the senior minister would act on behalf of the prime minister.
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and had been ranked first in the "order of precedence" in the cabinet, and an order in council designated him as first in line to assume the prime minister's duties in the event
Trudeau ever became incapacitated. However, media analysts focused on
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basis to ensure continuity of government function during the immediate period of transition, the deputy prime minister does not automatically become the new permanent prime minister; rather, constitutional convention requires the
3102:
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1218:, was on a brief holiday. After she left politics, she wrote that although the position of deputy prime minister is only ceremonial, "very often, the DPM's job was to protect the prime minister from the political damage that
1062:, were "authorized to act for the prime minister". This order was followed by a number of others updating the list; in each case, the status as the top person on that list was accorded to the vice-chair of the cabinet's
1202:, the role can sometimes be "a poisoned chalice, or a leash to keep a rival under close control" rather than an indication that the Prime Minister trusts the authority of the deputy. For the political analysis magazine
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Legally speaking, any interim prime minister appointed by the governor general would not merely be acting on behalf of the prime minister, but would have the full powers and prerogatives of any other prime minister.
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but on medical leave due to recovery from cancer treatment. The
Liberals were pressed to respond to concerns about lack of representation in cabinet from the prairie provinces potentially driving sentiments of
1074:, however, and would carry no special weight in determining who would take over as the new prime minister if an incumbent died in office or was forced to suddenly resign in advance of a leadership convention.
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Due to the routine and relatively minor nature of the role, few to no research sources exist to provide a complete list of everyone who was ever named as acting prime minister. However,
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2445:, whose role was to oversee the routine day-to-day functioning of the government and cabinet during the prime minister's absence; for example, in his capacity as acting prime minister,
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while the prime minister was away from the regular duties of his job for a period of time, such as being out of the country on a working visit or a vacation. The delegate was thus a
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The office of deputy prime minister was briefly vacant in 1996 when Copps, after being challenged on her 1993 campaign promise to resign if the government did not repeal the
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2657:. Chrétien did not name a replacement during Copps' absence from Parliament. After winning the byelection and returning to Parliament, Copps was reappointed to the position.
378:
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1246:, the deputy prime minister does not automatically assume the office of prime minister if the incumbent of the latter office dies or resigns. Although they may serve in an
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under consideration to maintain the right of the House to consider matters other than those directed to it by the crown. Traditionally, either the deputy prime minister or
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2458:, even during the acting period, although some people who served as acting prime ministers may have independently earned that distinction for other reasons.
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issued on
February 6, 2006—the day Harper was appointed prime minister—when "the prime minister is unable to perform the functions of his office",
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in the absence of the prime minister. The office has no standing in law and does not carry any formal duties or tasks—that is, it is without a
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Prior to the creation of the position of deputy prime minister, a prime minister would routinely name a member of the cabinet to temporarily
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ordered a precautionary one-day shutdown of government offices in Ottawa on August 20, 1970, as the storm that had spawned the
1214:, attracted controversy in 1993 after asserting that she was "in charge" of government business while the then prime minister,
444:
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was named the first minister to act for Harper in his absence. After LeBreton resigned, the
Minister of Finance at the time,
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deputy prime minister, although the title was never conferred. These "order of precedence" lists have no status as a formal
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The official duties of the deputy prime minister are to answer questions pertaining to overall government policy during
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3103:"With Liberals wiped out in Alberta and Sask., Trudeau promises to do 'a lot more' to rebuild Western support"
2994:
List of
Ministers to act for the Prime Minister in the event of his unable to perform functions of his office
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and does not have an associated departmental portfolio. Canadian deputy prime ministers are appointed to the
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as acting prime minister on
February 19 and 20, 1958, is historically noteworthy as Fairclough was the
1035:
in his second mandate. Prior to
Freeland's appointment, Canada's most recent deputy prime minister was
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The
Gazette (Montreal), "Hellyer Appointed No.2 Man To Rule In Trudeau's Absence", 1 May 1968, p.3
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Similarly, no deputy prime minister was named in the first cabinet of incumbent prime minister
17:
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60:
2674:) was named second below Harper in the order of precedence. Following Cannon's defeat in the
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Justin Trudeau also did not name a deputy prime minister during his first mandate, although
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2466:
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1945:
1578:
1571:
1227:
1215:
1116:
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989:(the senior civil servant in a department) of the prime minister's department (which is the
439:
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1195:, all deputy prime ministers have held another ministerial portfolio alongside this title.
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1219:
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197:
177:
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3163:
Joan Bryden, "`I'm in charge,' Copps says: Alexander Haig echo pointed out by critics".
2993:
2935:
2897:"Trudeau appointing Freeland as deputy prime minister in cabinet shuffle, officials say"
1046:
Harper gave special status in the line of authority to members of his cabinet: under an
2787:"Review of the Responsibilities and Accountabilities of Ministers and Senior Officials"
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1983:
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1014:
3051:"Dominic LeBlanc thanks supporters for election win from hospital bed in Montreal"
2864:
Ottawa Citizen, "A Heartbeat From The Top", Charles Lynch, 10 November 1982, pp.3
3320:
2735:
Marleau, Robert; Montpetit, Camille, eds. (2000). "Parliamentary Institutions".
2384:
2371:
served as acting prime minister from February 19 to 20, 1958, in the absence of
2223:
2107:
1621:
1039:, who in 2006, was also the first deputy prime minister to lose her seat in the
420:
286:
962:, having assumed the role on November 20, 2019. She serves concurrently as the
3077:"Liberal MP Dominic LeBlanc stepping away from cabinet after cancer diagnosis"
2654:
2159:
2100:
1487:
1380:
1023:'s government did not have a deputy prime minister. Similarly, Prime Minister
302:
2706:
had been designated to act for Trudeau in the event he became incapacitated.
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Including a basic sessional indemnity of CA$ 203,100 as Member of Parliament.
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518:
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3005:"Political Notebook: An old family friend becomes Trudeau's right-hand man"
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The deputy prime minister should not be confused with the position of the
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1207:
itself, and more by what other roles they do or don't hold alongside it.
771:
2409: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1168:
1131:
2763:"The Canadian Parliamentary system - Our Procedure - House of Commons"
959:
3556:
Public Safety, Democratic Institutions and Intergovernmental Affairs
3341:
3148:"The role of deputy prime minister is not as powerful as most think"
974:
elevated her to the position of deputy prime minister following the
3220:
Reading Eagle, "Hellyer Quits Cabinet Job", P, 24 April 1969, pg.47
2950:"Your new de facto deputy prime minister: Senator Marjory LeBreton"
2834:"Chrystia Freeland named deputy prime minister in cabinet shuffle"
2666:
Harper did not name a deputy prime minister, although in practice
1027:
did not designate a deputy prime minister, nor did Prime Minister
1013:
to a member of his cabinet. The last to occupy that position was
3233:
3620:
3345:
3247:
3456:
Export Promotion, International Trade and Economic Development
2378:
2832:
Tonda MacCharles and Bruce Campion-Smith (20 November 2019).
212:
1222:
can inflict on a leader", further citing the experience of
1005:
in 1977, largely to recognize the long years of service of
2860:
2858:
2856:
2854:
3193:"As Acting Prime Minister Ellen Fairclough First Again".
2653:, resigned from Parliament and recontested her seat in a
2637:
When the position is held by a male, the French title is
3466:
Federal Economic Development Agency for Southern Ontario
3441:
Employment, Workforce Development and Official Languages
2874:"What powers do deputy PMs hold? And where is Harper's?"
3126:
Joseph Brean, "What does a deputy prime minister do?".
3207:
3205:
3025:"Election 2019: Goodale loses seat in Regina-Wascana"
2936:
http://www.pco-bcp.gc.ca/oic-ddc.asp?viewattach=15421
2895:
LeBlanc, Daniel, and Robert Fife (19 November 2019).
1138:, Goodale was defeated in the Saskatchewan riding of
1001:
The position of deputy prime minister was created by
2209:
Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness
1087:; the bill is introduced before the House takes the
3656:
2490:
1336:
936:. The office is conferred at the discretion of the
207:
191:
183:
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95:
83:
32:
3431:Diversity, Inclusion and Persons with Disabilities
2710:was appointed Deputy Prime Minister following the
958:is the tenth and current deputy prime minister of
1119:, as being the "de facto deputy prime minister".
1126:, which saw the Liberals returned to power in a
3476:Fisheries, Oceans, and the Canadian Coast Guard
1130:but being shut out of the western provinces of
727:Proposed annexation of Turks and Caicos Islands
1009:. Before then, Trudeau had given the title of
3632:
3357:
3259:
897:
401:Provincial and territorial executive councils
8:
2920:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2020:Minister of Multiculturalism and Citizenship
1931:Minister of Multiculturalism and Citizenship
1198:According to journalist Joseph Brean of the
39:
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3617:
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3252:
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1155:. On November 20, 2019, Trudeau appointed
904:
890:
224:
51:
3461:Families, Children and Social Development
2425:Learn how and when to remove this message
978:. The post was vacant from 2006 to 2019.
2484:
2363:
1327:
3496:Housing, Infrastructure and Communities
3049:Canadian Press, The (21 October 2019).
2945:
2943:
2738:House of Commons Procedure and Practice
2727:
2619:
2508:
2502:
1608:Secretary of State for External Affairs
1530:Secretary of State for External Affairs
1354:
1348:
1297: Historical conservative parties:
1159:, who represents the Toronto riding of
1083:bill to start the first session of the
547:Courts of the Provinces and Territories
249:
227:
3411:Associate Minister of National Defence
2913:
2811:"Indemnities, Salaries and Allowances"
2799:from the original on December 5, 2019.
2741:. Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada.
2680:Leader of the Government in the Senate
506:Provincial and territorial parliaments
29:
3506:Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship
3075:Canadian Press, The (26 April 2019).
2890:
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2886:
2505:
2499:
2487:
2336:Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs
2243:
1351:
1345:
1333:
1142:, while Leblanc was reelected in his
1058:, then the balance of the Cabinet by
7:
2407:adding citations to reliable sources
2249:February 6, 2006 – November 20, 2019
952:), a privilege maintained for life.
3606:Women and Gender Equality and Youth
3023:Martin, Ashley (22 October 2019).
2439:act on the prime minister's behalf
25:
1311:National Liberal and Conservative
1064:Priorities and Planning Committee
574:Peace, order, and good government
3800:Deputy prime ministers of Canada
3764:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
3511:Innovation, Science and Industry
3275:Deputy prime ministers of Canada
3101:Platt, Brian (23 October 2019).
2714:, in which Goodale was defeated.
2639:vice-premier ministre du Canada"
2528:
2383:
2300:
2158:
2099:
2047:
1982:
1887:
1808:
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1171:, as the deputy prime minister.
926:vice-première ministre du Canada
861:
849:
237:
41:Vice-première ministre du Canada
3561:Public Services and Procurement
2394:needs additional citations for
1773:President of the Treasury Board
918:deputy prime minister of Canada
722:Canada–European Union relations
455:Opposition Leader in the Senate
450:Government Leader in the Senate
33:Deputy Prime Minister of Canada
18:Deputy prime minister of Canada
3451:Environment and Climate Change
3146:Eugene Lang and Greg Schmidt,
1971:April 30, 1996 – June 19, 1996
1761:President of the Privy Council
1680:President of the Privy Council
1417:President of the Privy Council
1276:List of deputy prime ministers
1163:in Parliament but was born in
717:Canada–Latin America relations
618:Provincial electoral districts
579:Charter of Rights and Freedoms
487:His Majesty's Loyal Opposition
482:Opposition Leader in the house
477:Government Leader in the house
379:President of the Privy Council
1:
2026:Minister of Canadian Heritage
3531:Mental Health and Addictions
3446:Energy and Natural Resources
3406:Associate Minister of Health
1686:Minister of National Defence
1456:June 4, 1979 – March 3, 1980
1324:Conservative Party of Canada
767:Indigenous Peoples in Canada
740:Crown and Indigenous peoples
65:since November 20, 2019
3581:Sport and Physical Activity
2934:PC 2006-1422, available at
2203:Solicitor General of Canada
1925:Minister of the Environment
1502:Cape Breton Highlands—Canso
1395:Cape Breton Highlands—Canso
1210:One deputy prime minister,
968:minister of foreign affairs
601:Federal electoral districts
368:List of Canadian ministries
3816:
3566:Rural Economic Development
3426:Crown–Indigenous Relations
2670:(Member of Parliament for
2522:
2519:
1368:
1365:
983:clerk of the Privy Council
752:Aboriginal self-government
384:Clerk of the Privy Council
27:Canadian cabinet portfolio
3516:International Development
3401:Agriculture and Agri-Food
3379:
3281:
3239:Parliament of Canada page
2273:
1965:
1944:
1701:
1450:
1330:
1303:Conservative (historical)
1106:was deputy leader of the
1031:until the appointment of
985:, who is effectively the
825:Provinces and territories
623:Politics of the provinces
611:List of federal elections
308:Monarchy in the provinces
168:At His Majesty's pleasure
70:
48:
37:
3184:, August 21, 1970. p. 8.
2693:were named next in line.
2454:was not given the title
1867:Progressive Conservative
1708:Progressive Conservative
1466:Progressive Conservative
1315:Progressive Conservative
1250:capacity on a temporary
1085:39th Canadian Parliament
606:Federal electoral system
492:Leader of the Opposition
132:Prime Minister of Canada
3486:Government House Leader
2608:Deputy Premier (Canada)
1779:Minister of Agriculture
1767:Government House Leader
1290:Liberal Party of Canada
1093:government house leader
747:Canadian Aboriginal law
538:Chief Justice of Canada
352:List of prime ministers
3436:Emergency Preparedness
2813:. Parliament of Canada
2651:Goods and Services Tax
2376:
1089:Speech from the Throne
970:before Prime Minister
949:
925:
682:Diplomatic missions of
374:29th Canadian Ministry
40:
3754:Saint Kitts and Nevis
3396:Deputy Prime Minister
2566:Minister of Transport
2367:
2360:Acting prime minister
1124:2019 federal election
976:2019 federal election
930:minister of the Crown
663:Global Affairs Canada
445:Speaker of the Senate
157:of the prime minister
3199:, February 21, 1958.
3178:"Ottawa concerned".
3169:, December 10, 1993.
3132:, November 20, 2019.
2974:"Journals (No. 002)"
2456:The Right Honourable
2403:improve this article
1846:Minister of Industry
1299:Liberal-Conservative
1266:parliamentary leader
1244:presidential systems
1165:Peace River, Alberta
1077:Cannon seconded the
991:Privy Council Office
932:and a member of the
643:Municipal government
472:Speaker of the house
389:Privy Council Office
342:King’s Privy Council
313:Lieutenant governors
147:(represented by the
77:Privy Council Office
73:Government of Canada
3795:Lines of succession
3769:Trinidad and Tobago
3664:Antigua and Barbuda
3649:heads of government
3501:Indigenous Services
3013:, November 6, 2015.
2342:Minister of Finance
2316:University—Rosedale
2137:Minister of Finance
1785:Minister of Finance
1524:Minister of Finance
1238:Unlike the role of
1161:University—Rosedale
1128:minority government
1095:seconds this bill.
1060:order of precedence
964:minister of finance
868:Politics portal
757:First Nations bands
433:List of parliaments
3704:Dominican Republic
3421:Citizens' Services
3196:The Globe and Mail
3181:The Globe and Mail
3029:Regina Leader-Post
3010:The Globe and Mail
2955:2015-09-03 at the
2901:The Globe and Mail
2494:Electoral district
2377:
1340:Electoral district
1153:western alienation
1072:line of succession
800:Constitutional law
428:Federal parliament
230:Politics of Canada
187:September 16, 1977
3782:
3781:
3614:
3613:
3416:Canadian Heritage
3373:Cabinet of Canada
3339:
3338:
3154:, August 6, 2020.
2767:www.ourcommons.ca
2708:Chrystia Freeland
2599:
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2515:
2503:Other portfolios
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2473:ever designated.
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2309:Chrystia Freeland
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1122:Following the
1100:Justin Trudeau
1029:Justin Trudeau
1025:Stephen Harper
1003:Pierre Trudeau
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966:, and was the
946:the Honourable
944:and styled as
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1998:Hamilton East
1993:
1992:
1988:
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1981:
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1968:
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1946:Jean Chrétien
1942:
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1600:September 17,
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1579:Jean Chrétien
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1104:Ralph Goodale
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526:Supreme court
524:
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108:Privy Council
106:
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88:
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78:
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69:
62:
54:
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36:
31:
19:
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3395:
3274:
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3159:
3151:
3127:
3122:
3110:. Retrieved
3106:
3096:
3084:. Retrieved
3080:
3070:
3058:. Retrieved
3055:Toronto Star
3054:
3044:
3032:. Retrieved
3028:
3018:
3008:
3000:
2989:
2978:. Retrieved
2968:
2930:
2904:. Retrieved
2900:
2869:
2841:. Retrieved
2837:
2827:
2815:. Retrieved
2805:
2781:
2770:. Retrieved
2766:
2757:
2737:
2730:
2698:
2687:Jim Flaherty
2662:
2645:
2638:
2633:
2627:
2622:
2537:Paul Hellyer
2535:
2480:
2460:
2436:
2421:
2412:
2401:Please help
2396:verification
2393:
2338:(until 2020)
2325:November 20,
2307:
2295:
2259:Conservative
2244:
2205:(until 2005)
2190:December 12,
2176:(until 2004)
2165:
2153:
2129:December 12,
2115:Ottawa South
2106:
2094:
2063:Windsor West
2054:
2042:
2022:(until 1996)
1991:Sheila Copps
1989:
1977:
1966:
1927:(until 1996)
1896:Sheila Copps
1894:
1882:
1862:Kim Campbell
1857:Conservative
1817:Jean Charest
1815:
1803:
1797:Conservative
1769:(until 1989)
1763:(until 1991)
1730:
1723:
1698:Conservative
1682:(until 1985)
1651:Erik Nielsen
1649:
1642:
1577:
1565:
1526:(until 1982)
1493:
1481:
1451:
1386:
1374:
1280:
1279:
1270:
1262:
1237:
1224:Erik Nielsen
1212:Sheila Copps
1209:
1203:
1197:
1178:
1136:Saskatchewan
1121:
1097:
1078:
1076:
1067:
1056:Jim Prentice
1045:
1019:
1015:Paul Hellyer
1010:
1000:
980:
954:
917:
915:
795:Conservatism
672:MĂ©lanie Joly
564:Constitution
3759:Saint Lucia
3709:El Salvador
3301:Mazankowski
3112:20 November
3086:20 November
3081:Global News
3060:20 November
3034:20 November
2906:20 November
2843:20 November
2549:(1923–2021)
2520:Term start
2471:first woman
2344:(from 2020)
2321:(born 1968)
2224:Paul Martin
2211:(from 2005)
2195:February 6,
2186:(born 1950)
2182:(from 2004)
2139:(from 2002)
2124:January 15,
2120:(born 1950)
2108:John Manley
2077:January 15,
2068:(1931–2014)
2028:(from 1996)
2003:(born 1952)
1933:(from 1996)
1912:November 4,
1908:(born 1952)
1855:Progressive
1838:November 4,
1829:(born 1958)
1795:Progressive
1787:(from 1991)
1781:(1988–1991)
1775:(1987–1988)
1744:(1935–2020)
1696:Progressive
1688:(from 1985)
1663:(1924–2008)
1622:John Turner
1591:(born 1934)
1532:(from 1982)
1507:(1921–2017)
1400:(1921–2017)
1366:Term start
1226:during the
950:l'honorable
709:Visa policy
421:Legislative
287:Charles III
163:Term length
3789:Categories
3689:Costa Rica
3107:Canada.com
2980:2010-07-05
2772:2020-04-20
2722:References
2691:Joe Oliver
2655:byelection
2514:(Ministry)
2330:Incumbent
1824:Sherbrooke
1739:Vegreville
1360:(Ministry)
1234:Succession
1148:Beauséjour
1146:riding of
810:Liberalism
805:Federalism
303:Mary Simon
252:Government
128:Parliament
122:Reports to
103:Parliament
3744:Nicaragua
3719:Guatemala
3591:Transport
3286:MacEachen
2916:cite news
2689:and then
2558:April 23,
2553:April 30,
2523:Term end
2488:Portrait
2443:caretaker
2056:Herb Gray
1917:April 30,
1461:Joe Clark
1369:Term end
1334:Portrait
1252:caretaker
1230:scandal.
1193:Herb Gray
1189:portfolio
1080:pro forma
1021:Joe Clark
948:(French:
686:in Canada
594:Elections
335:Executive
269:The Crown
257:structure
184:Formation
141:Appointer
96:Member of
58:Incumbent
3729:Honduras
3699:Dominica
3674:Barbados
3331:Freeland
3326:McLellan
3291:Chrétien
2961:canoe.ca
2953:Archived
2878:CTV News
2838:The Star
2817:April 2,
2794:Archived
2602:See also
2072:June 11,
2012:June 11,
2007:June 19,
1833:June 25,
1753:June 25,
1748:June 30,
1672:June 30,
1595:June 30,
1516:June 30,
1511:March 3,
1307:Unionist
1242:in some
1068:de facto
699:Passport
668:Minister
519:Judicial
406:Premiers
213:deputypm
3734:Jamaica
3714:Grenada
3669:Bahamas
3647:Deputy
3586:Tourism
3571:Seniors
3521:Justice
3471:Finance
3306:Charest
3296:Nielsen
2585:Liberal
2575:Liberal
2544:Trinity
2542:MP for
2352:Liberal
2314:MP for
2280:Liberal
2229:Liberal
2219:Liberal
2178:MP for
2172:MP for
2147:Liberal
2113:MP for
2088:Liberal
2061:MP for
2036:Liberal
1996:MP for
1951:Liberal
1941:Liberal
1901:MP for
1822:MP for
1737:MP for
1656:MP for
1627:Liberal
1617:Liberal
1584:MP for
1550:Liberal
1540:Liberal
1500:MP for
1436:Liberal
1426:Liberal
1409:June 4,
1393:MP for
1185:Cabinet
1169:Alberta
1132:Alberta
1054:, then
997:History
928:) is a
830:Regions
363:Cabinet
276:Monarch
215:.canada
208:Website
200:299,900
153:on the
145:Monarch
113:Cabinet
3749:Panama
3739:Mexico
3684:Canada
3679:Belize
3526:Labour
3491:Health
3389:Office
3321:Manley
2745:
2506:Party
2245:Vacant
1967:Vacant
1452:Vacant
1352:Party
1322:
1320:
1295:
1288:
1286:
1248:acting
1175:Duties
1117:Senate
960:Canada
922:French
440:Senate
202:(2024)
192:Salary
155:advice
3724:Haiti
3311:Copps
2797:(PDF)
2790:(PDF)
2614:Notes
2560:1969
2555:1968
2512:Party
2327:2019
2197:2006
2192:2003
2131:2003
2126:2002
2079:2002
2074:1997
2014:1997
2009:1996
1919:1996
1914:1993
1840:1993
1835:1993
1755:1993
1750:1986
1674:1986
1669:1984
1658:Yukon
1602:1984
1597:1984
1518:1984
1513:1980
1411:1979
1406:1977
1358:Party
772:MĂ©tis
85:Style
3694:Cuba
3316:Gray
3114:2019
3088:2019
3062:2019
3036:2019
2922:link
2908:2019
2845:2019
2819:2024
2743:ISBN
2592:20th
2491:Name
2287:29th
2266:28th
2236:27th
1958:26th
1874:25th
1715:24th
1634:23rd
1557:22nd
1473:21st
1443:20th
1337:Name
1331:No.
1281:Key:
1134:and
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297:list
281:list
198:CA$
2405:by
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