278:"Liverpool has historically perceived itself as distinct from the rest of the country, sharing more similarities with Belfast and Glasgow than with London. With a significant Irish influx and its status as a port city, Liverpool has maintained international ties, looking towards America and Ireland rather than London." The "Make Liverpool/Merseyside an independent state which remains in the EU" petition was submitted on 28 February 2017 during the 2015–2017 Conservative government. The petition aimed to advocate for the independence of Merseyside and its desire to remain in the European Union following the Brexit referendum, however, was rejected by the UK Government and Parliament.
447:
30:
456:
366:
375:
322:
22:
176:
286:, embarked on radical socialist initiatives. Despite a brief infusion of funds from the government, the council's request for continued support was denied, intensifying the city's sense of alienation. The episode, marked by political turbulence and anti-Militant sentiment, serves as a historical backdrop to contemporary discussions on regional autonomy within the UK.
281:
Thirty years ago, amidst economic decline and political discontent, left-wing factions in
Liverpool sought to break away from the UK, driven by opposition to Margaret Thatcher's policies. Fuelled by economic struggles—Liverpool lost 80,000 jobs between 1972 and 1982—the city's Labour council, led by
274:
vote shares in the country. The phrase "Scouse not
English" resonates strongly in Liverpool, reflecting a unique identity and heritage that has fuelled a growing debate on the possibility of the city achieving independence from the rest of England. This divisive discourse, influenced by historical
203:
In 2014, the people within the North of
England indicated in a survey by the BBC that there was a greater wish for devolution of some powers at least. The survey indicated that 85% of people in the North wanted control of policing, taxation and education handed over to the region. There is also a
166:
Economically, North
Eastern Businesses have called for greater control over the region's financial affairs. However, despite these sentiments, the 2004 referendum for more autonomy was convincingly rejected, with a voter turnout of 45%. 2015 saw a petition for part of the North to secede and join
162:
was to become independent, then economic factors associated with this would negatively affect the North, with industry/investment going to
Scotland with possible tax breaks. Establishing a separate country or autonomous region is seen by some as a way to stop this. Alternatively, a potential more
433:. A proposal was submitted to the government in March 2018, but was rejected by the government in February 2019. Subsequent to the rejection of the One Yorkshire Combined Authority, despite support continuing for it, new proposals have been made for an East Yorkshire and Combined Authority.
163:
successful focussed economic hub based around
Scotland could benefit the North of England, as their population centre is closer to it than to London. To some, the differences between London and Scotland are similar to the differences between London and the North of England.
481:
was offered a referendum on devolution in 2004, however, voters rejected the proposal by a margin of 77.9% to 22.1%, on a turnout of 48%. More recently, the issue of North East devolution has resurfaced with the establishment of the
421:. There has also been a campaign for a single "One Yorkshire" Combined Authority and elected Mayor, covering the entirety of Yorkshire. This was supported eighteen of the twenty two Yorkshire local authorities, as well as
389:
Due both to its size and regional identity, there has existed a
Yorkshire Devolution movement, promoting a regionalist form of government for Yorkshire. In 2014, the Yorkshire First Party, later rebranded as the
118:
One of the first bodies formed in modern times to address local autonomy issues and grievances was the "Council of the North" formed in 1988. This was in response to the North's concern with the taking over of
547:
486:
in 2014. The party, which is commonly viewed as a sister party of the
Yorkshire party, campaigns for a devolved regional government in the North East with powers comparable to those of the nations of
275:
sentiments and contemporary political differences, has gained traction on social media, prompting discussions on whether
Liverpool should pursue autonomy through a referendum.
1575:
293:(NIP) was formed on making the North of England independent of the South, much like the SNP seeks an independent Scotland. The NIP was formed in order to contest the
819:
1444:
251:
204:
perceived continuing widening of the North-South divide, which continues to highlight the issue to people living in the North. Government policy relating to the
147:
208:
also created tension between the North and the UK Government, which gave rise to some discussion of a separate region as a way of giving more say to the area.
55:
779:
234:. The sonoric landscape of spoken Scouse extends beyond contemporary political and geographic boundaries of the City of Liverpool and instead extends to
1416:
1681:
1115:
1336:
406:
158:
are culturally different to the North, with some commentary stating that the "real" English are seen as the South. There are also concerns that if
959:
621:""Northern Lights:" An Assessment of the Political and Economic Challenges Facing North East England in the Context of Greater Scottish Autonomy"
429:; Sheffield and Rotherham councils preferred the South Yorkshire alternative, whilst several North Yorkshire councils were already part of the
1362:
394:, was founded. In recent years, some devolved institutions have been set up in parts of Yorkshire, but none exist across the whole region.
294:
263:
1541:
139:. The council met, and while it was attended by noted businessmen and politicians, little came of it and the movement soon petered out.
1644:
426:
940:
352:
As well as devolution to the North of
England as a whole, there have also been proposals for devolution to regions within the North.
410:
1236:
1210:
1184:
985:
516:
430:
414:
150:
held in order to decide whether to establish a parliament for the North. This has partly been spurred on by the feeling that
743:
711:
548:"Future of Humber devolution remains uncertain after row over role of Local Enterprise Partnership chair Stephen Parnaby"
1600:
34:
526:
446:
290:
1116:
https://academic.oup.com/liverpool-scholarship-online/book/13588/chapter-abstract/167139581?redirectedFrom=fulltext
880:
43:
is the broad term used to describe the wish for devolved governmental powers that would give more autonomy to the
1676:
469:
196:
86:
842:"Borderlands: Rescaling economic development in Northern England in the context of greater Scottish autonomy"
1489:
108:
1393:
499:
143:
62:
1262:
899:
29:
107:
Prior to the unification of England in the 10th century, Northern England had broadly constituted the
1011:
132:
1388:
47:
1158:
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861:
689:
511:
478:
259:
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90:
82:
78:
455:
365:
297:, its goal being to establish an independent country in the North of England, based on historic
1421:
1130:
1078:
681:
642:
598:
283:
271:
255:
205:
136:
1549:
25:
King Oswald's Banner, used to represent the greater region and former kingdom of Northumbria.
1070:
1059:"Sonic Geography, Place and Race in the Formation of Local Identity: Liverpool and Scousers"
853:
841:
673:
632:
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44:
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865:
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693:
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239:
124:
1337:"The end of the UK? How broken promises are fuelling a new nationalism in the North"
780:"New Scotland explained: Could the north of England really break away from Britain?"
243:
21:
1445:"Northern Independence Party New Campaign for Independent North-England Explained"
1417:"'It doesn't have to be grim up North': New party calls for Northern Independence"
1211:"Liverpool calls for independence from UK as Scousers slam England after Tory win"
1185:"'Scouse not English' goes viral as Merseyside remains defiant after the election"
637:
620:
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797:
677:
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211:
Various parties have been formed to test the issues in elections, including the
74:
1618:
1463:
729:
175:
661:
422:
306:
267:
235:
1576:"One Yorkshire devolution dream should not be abandoned: Michael Meadowcroft"
1309:
1082:
900:"North-east devolution? We could be like Plaid Cymru says new party's leader"
857:
685:
646:
602:
231:
224:
128:
1363:"Northern Independence Party claims it has support of thousands of voters"
487:
159:
70:
66:
1090:
1058:
51:
1159:"Liverpool holds fast to its Irish identity through Brexit and beyond"
820:"An independent north? What an England severed in two might look like"
960:"How Liverpool's Covid-19 lockdown is stoking dreams of independence"
247:
151:
712:"Could an independent Scotland be just what northern England needs?"
61:
Whilst definitions of the North vary, it is commonly defined as the
262:. #ScouseNotEnglish trended on Twitter following the result of the
579:"I. The meaning of the north: England's 'foreign country' within?"
491:
174:
28:
20:
405:
and North Yorkshire have devolved Combined Authorities, with the
383:
Historic extent (left) and modern definition (right) of Yorkshire
1645:"Durham local election results 2021: How every candidate scored"
302:
120:
840:
Shaw, Keith; Robinson, Fred; Blackie, Jonathan (13 June 2014).
135:
had last met in the 17th century to deal with the chaos of the
662:"The growth of English regionalism? institutions and identity"
316:
1237:"'Scouse not English' as hundreds divided over independence"
223:
looks specifically at the issue of a devolved assembly for
1310:"The English city that wanted to 'break away' from the UK"
305:
as a proposed capital of an independent Northern England,
250:
or Irish than English. In 1885, the historic constituency
730:"Evidence to the Smith Commission on Scottish Devolution"
1036:
926:"The Northern Party: New party targets Lancashire seats"
1515:"Labour wins York and North Yorkshire mayoral election"
986:"Who are Liberate Liverpool and what do they stand for"
333:
1263:"Liverpool – The Foreign City – Independent Liverpool"
115:
meaning "the people or province north of the Humber".
1012:"'This is heart-breaking. Everyone should read this'"
798:"North East Poll Backs Move of Powers to Local Areas"
146:
has had its effect on the North of England, with the
413:
Combined Authorities set up in 2014, as well as the
246:
ancestry, causing some to identify more strongly as
881:"How the North of England Could Gain Independence"
1387:Northern Independence Party (12 November 2020).
309:and Liverpool have also been raised as options.
1569:
1567:
1063:Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography
835:
833:
660:Bond, Ross; McCrone, David (1 January 2004).
148:2004 North East England devolution referendum
77:, in the south. This is currently defined by
8:
472:(left) and modern North East England (right)
1601:"Yorkshire Devolution Agreement Submission"
498:and has gained four elected councillors on
258:, as their MP, and 59% voted remain in the
238:as a whole. An estimated three-quarters of
1619:"Government rejects Yorkshire devolution"
1490:"100% devolution called for in the North"
636:
1183:Hadfield, Charlotte (14 December 2019).
813:
811:
809:
807:
572:
570:
568:
56:North–South divide in the United Kingdom
732:. North East Chamber of Commerce. 2014.
705:
703:
538:
270:constituencies had some of the highest
1139:
1128:
614:
612:
79:three governmental statistical regions
16:British political process and ideology
1415:Lockwood, Tasmin (16 November 2020).
941:"Ex Tory MP Forms the Northern Party"
7:
1574:Meadowcroft, Michael (4 June 2020).
1389:"The case for Northern independence"
879:Rymajdo, Kamila (5 November 2020).
765:"North East votes 'no' to assembly"
744:"Electoral Commission results page"
1335:Hackett, John (19 November 2020).
1037:"Liverpool Community Independents"
427:Mayor of the Sheffield City Region
33:Northern England as defined along
14:
1462:Travers, Tony (3 February 2021).
1209:Parker, Emma (13 December 2019).
710:Coman, Julian (10 October 2013).
577:Taylor, Peter J. (1 March 1993).
167:Scotland gain 28,000 signatures.
1682:Devolution in the United Kingdom
1443:Stone, Ethan (29 October 2020).
1361:Duden, Luke (17 December 2020).
1075:10.1111/j.1468-0467.2010.00330.x
818:Drury, Colin (3 November 2020).
517:Federalism in the United Kingdom
454:
445:
373:
364:
320:
111:, deriving from the Old English
958:Ball, Jonny (16 October 2020).
301:. While the NIP have nominated
103:Northern England § History
1488:Edgar, Laura (5 August 2019).
1157:Bounds, Andy (19 March 2020).
939:Woods, Lauren (2 April 2015).
666:Regional & Federal Studies
625:Journal of Borderlands Studies
619:Shaw, Keith (2 January 2018).
431:Tees Valley Combined Authority
415:Tees Valley Combined Authority
254:elected an Irish Nationalist,
1:
1235:Curran, Aaron (2 July 2022).
984:Thorp, Liam (23 April 2023).
924:Rider, Chris (2 April 2015).
638:10.1080/08865655.2016.1270170
230:A smaller movement exists in
800:. BBC News. 5 November 2014.
767:. BBC News. 5 November 2004.
595:10.1016/0962-6298(93)90033-4
546:Parsons, Rob (2 July 2020).
898:Robson, Ian (27 May 2014).
678:10.1080/1359756042000245151
527:Northern Independence Party
291:Northern Independence Party
41:Northern England devolution
1698:
1542:"One Yorkshire devolution"
778:Stone, Jon (15 May 2015).
100:
289:In 2020 a new party, the
142:The more recent push for
50:(those northern parts of
1288:Liverpool Irish Festival
858:10.1177/0269094214537959
197:Yorkshire and the Humber
87:Yorkshire and the Humber
1468:UK in a changing Europe
1464:"Devolution in England"
1057:Boland, Philip (2010).
200:
109:Kingdom of Northumbria
37:
26:
500:Durham County Council
407:Sheffield City Region
295:2024 general election
264:2019 general election
178:
171:Contemporary movement
144:Scottish independence
69:in the north, to the
32:
24:
1546:City of York Council
133:Council of the North
1649:chroniclelive.co.uk
583:Political Geography
313:Regional devolution
127:by the Swiss firm,
1625:. 12 February 2019
1580:The Yorkshire Post
1284:"history Archives"
552:The Yorkshire Post
512:English devolution
479:North East England
437:North East England
417:covering parts of
332:. You can help by
260:2016 EU referendum
252:Liverpool Scotland
201:
193:North West England
189:North East England
91:North East England
83:North West England
38:
27:
1552:on 14 August 2021
1422:The Northern Echo
1341:Yorkshire Bylines
1316:. 8 November 2014
1290:. 8 November 2023
1138:Missing or empty
1016:www.livpost.co.uk
350:
349:
284:Militant Tendency
206:COVID-19 pandemic
137:English Civil War
35:Historic Counties
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1677:Northern England
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1548:. Archived from
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852:(4–5): 412–428.
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496:Northern Ireland
484:North East Party
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215:in 2014 and the
213:North East Party
181:Northern England
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1651:. 24 March 2021
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399:South Yorkshire
392:Yorkshire Party
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330:needs expansion
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131:. The original
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1241:Liverpool Echo
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