475:
30:
748:
British press and cost Sir Edward Reed his position as Chief
Constructor. However, the ships were excellent sea boats and well thought of by their crews. Both were modernized in 1891 and spent the next ten years as guard ships or in reserve being activated only for the annual summer manoeuvres. Their age (Devastation was 32 years and Thunderer was 28 years in service) condemned them to being removed from the effective list in 1905. HMS
580:
horsepower (IHP) under a natural draught (ND) for a designed speed of 13.75 knots. The ships carried 1,800 tons of coal giving a cruising range of 5,980 nautical miles at a nominal speed of 10 knots. The ships could remain at sea for approximately 12 days with fuel available to steam at full speed for a short duration.
638:
revealed the hazards of the rectangular boilers, they were 'taken in hand' for a boiler upgrade and armament change in 1890. Their replacement machinery was supplied by
Maudslay, Son & Field of Lambeth. The ships had their boilers replaced with eight cylindrical locomotive type boilers powering
616:
For armour protection the ships were provided with wrought iron plating backed with 18 to 19 inches of teak. The sides of the breastwork were plated with 14 inches of armour. This armour extended below the waterline. It was pierced with square portholes to provide ventilation for the crew spaces.
599:
that had been bored to 12 inches (fore turret) and two 12-inch RML 35-ton Mark I naval guns on sliding carriages (aft turret). The guns were housed in two round turrets shipped fore and aft on the centreline. The guns would be reloaded under the cover of the turret thereby not exposing the gun crew
504:
of turret ships, and a special committee was set up to determine their seaworthiness. Changes to the design were recommended. The freeboard of the design was increased to 10 feet 9 inches (3.28 metres). Another change was to extend the armoured breastwork with un-armoured structure to the
608:
they would be raised hydraulically. A rammer would ram first the powder and then the shell into the muzzle of the gun. The gun then would be raise and moved to the firing position. The angle of the guns during reloading would be such that, in the event of a premature firing, the shell would exit
579:
The machinery was initially supplied by Penn for the
Portsmouth ship and Humphry's, Tennant & Company of Deptford for the Pembroke ship. The ships were equipped with eight rectangular boilers powering two 2-cylinder trunk direct acting steam engines turning two shafts producing 6,650 indicated
747:
The ships originally conceived as oceangoing breastwork monitors were redesignated as 2nd Class Turret ships in 1886 and finally as 2nd Class
Battleships by the 1900s. Both ships served in Home Waters and the Mediterranean during their careers. The concept of the ships was openly assailed by the
486:
shell rooms protected by 12-inch-thick armour. Further, to reduce the interference with the main guns, no masts or sails were needed. The ships would need two steam engines for security and a minimum 12-knot speed. The trans-Atlantic concept was changed to a coastal defence ship, so a very low
485:
The
Admiralty Design Board set forth the requirements for the ocean-going monitors. These included the requirement of two twin 12-inch gun turrets capable of firing 600-pound shells with a 280-degree firing arc. The turrets would require 14-inch armour protection, with the machinery spaces and
516:
was completed, tests could be carried out with the real ship. This included building up a roll of 7 degrees by having 400 men run back and forth across the deck 18 times. Other tests involved taking it to sea to look for rough weather, in one trial waves of 20 to 26 feet (6 to 8 m) were
559:
and not launched until 1872. They were 285 ft (87 m) in length between the perpendiculars with an overall length of 307 ft (94 m). They had a beam of 62 ft 3 in (18.97 m) and a maximum draught of 26 ft 8 in (8.13 m). They displaced 9,330
505:
sides of the ship and carried aft to improve the stability at large angles of heel. This greatly improved the crew comfort by adding extra accommodation and especially latrines, but since it was not armoured it would have been riddled in a battle, reducing the stability of the vessel.
625:
and the ships that followed her were given increasing weight of deck armour. The armoured deck was 3 inches, tapering to 2 inches at the lower edge. The armour plating only applied to the breastwork portion of the ship, and the bow and stern sections were basically unprotected.
600:
to enemy fire. To load the guns, they would be trained to approximately 140 degrees on either side of the centreline then moved to the end of their recoil. The muzzles would be lowered towards the deck; the shell and powder track would be raised from the deck below. On HMS
528:
and a 1.25-inch (32 mm) metal skin resisted hits from a 25-ton 12-inch gun firing at a range of 200 yards (180 m), although one shot hit a joint between plates and opened a gap 7 inches (180 mm) wide but did not penetrate. A second test involved
639:
two
Maudslay 3-cylinder vertical triple expansion (VTE) steam engines turning 2 shafts producing 7,000 IHP under a forced draught (FD) for an increase in speed to 14 knots. The 35 and 38 ton MLRs were replaced with four
466:, whose concept was to produce short, handy ships of medium size as heavily armed as possible with a good turn of speed, that could attack and destroy an opponent without much risk of being damaged during the process.
543:
from a 25-ton gun at a range of 200 yards. The first shot missed, but the second and third shots struck the turret. The turret was not appreciably damaged, though theoretically it should have been penetrated.
1260:
Report of Chief
Engineer J. W. King, United States Navy, on European Ships of War and Their Armament, Naval Administration and Economy, Marine Constructions and Appliances, Dock-yards, Etc., Etc
552:
Both vessels were laid down in 1869 at
Portsmouth and at Pembroke. The Portsmouth ship was launched in 1870. Construction on the Pembroke ship was suspended following the loss of
1116:
756:
in 1909. As the first major
British warships built without sails, thereby relying solely on steam power, they were the start of modern British battleship design.
1393:
609:
the hull above the waterline rather than below it. No secondary armament or anti-torpedo boat armament was fitted. In 1879 she was fitted with two
1837:
520:
In 1872 the armour protection of the turret was subjected to a series of tests. A replica of the proposed turret was constructed and tested at
1832:
617:
The turrets were protected with 14 inches of plate armour on the front and 12 inches on the sides and rear. Ships built previous to HMS
1402:
1362:
1768:
1209:
1152:
1133:
1100:
974:
1386:
1453:
184:
17:
640:
354:
643:
mounted in twin Mark II turrets. With the advent of torpedo boats, a secondary armament was fitted consisting of six
1379:
776:
as Twin Screw Battle Ship, 2nd Class
Armoured. No other class designation has been found on the Royal Navy lists.
1467:
1748:
1720:
1700:
1592:
1564:
1557:
1088:
596:
474:
340:
1263:. Senate executive document: 44th Congress, 2d Session, No. 27. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
1727:
1693:
1686:
1446:
1665:
1619:
1536:
1425:
1418:
1342:
695:
648:
644:
588:
438:
368:
361:
322:
67:
1789:
1672:
1501:
1432:
1712:
1612:
1479:
1460:
1349:
718:
487:
445:
1679:
1604:
1550:
1543:
1508:
1494:
1439:
984:
702:
1782:
1760:
1734:
1658:
1644:
1637:
1522:
1515:
1410:
1110:
553:
537:
530:
494:
459:, and the first which mounted the entire main armament on top of the hull rather than inside it.
1741:
1585:
1571:
1529:
1283:
1264:
1245:
1226:
1222:
The British Battle Fleet: Its Inception and Growth Throughout the Centuries to the Present Day
1205:
1188:
1169:
1148:
1129:
1096:
725:
610:
463:
388:
512:
was tested in a water tank, and subsequently with an 18-foot-long (5.5 m) version. Once
1487:
1371:
1317:
524:
in May 1872. The 11-inch (280 mm) armour plate backed by 15 inches (380 mm) of
1311:
1305:
978:
660:
501:
428:
375:
178:
29:
1826:
1775:
1578:
1277:
1220:
521:
452:
1629:
1279:
The British Fleet: The Growth, Achievements and Duties of the Navy of the Empire
664:
382:
268:
258:
1258:
1239:
1182:
1163:
772:
Regarding the class name: These vessels are listed on the March 1901 (Monthly)
1322:
1249:
1230:
1192:
1173:
1287:
1268:
561:
164:
228:: 2 × Humphry's 2-cyl trunk direct-acting steam engines turning 2 screws
1143:
Chesneau, Roger; Koleśnik, Eugène M.; Campbell, N. J. M., eds. (1979).
222:: 2 × Penn 2-cyl trunk direct-acting steam engines turning 2 screws
473:
568:
was completed in 1873 and after a series of stability tests, HMS
1238:
Reed, Edward J.; Simpson, Edward; Kelley, J. D. Jerrold (1888).
641:
10-inch 32 calibre (25.4 cm) breech-loading (BL) naval guns
525:
456:
1375:
1326:
835:
833:
831:
829:
827:
825:
864:
862:
860:
858:
856:
854:
852:
850:
848:
613:
tubes in fixed mounts, one per broadside below the waterline.
336:
2 × 12 inch RML of 35 tons Mk I naval gun on sliding carriages
572:
was not completed until 1877 awaiting stability tests on HMS
517:
encountered which gave the ship a 14-degree roll either way.
589:
12-inch rifled muzzle-loading (RML) 35-ton Mark I naval guns
945:
943:
941:
928:
926:
924:
911:
909:
1184:
The Illustrated Guide to the Royal Navy and Foreign Navies
767:
The Illustrated Guide to the Royal Navy and Foreign Navies
663:
on single-pedestal mounts were also fitted along with two
490:
of 4 feet 6 inches (1.37 metres) was specified.
634:
After the investigation into the boiler explosion on HMS
1318:
http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNBR_3pounder_V_mk1.htm
896:
894:
892:
478:
Right elevation and deck plan as depicted in Brassey's
1126:
Warrior to Dreadnought: Warship Development, 1860–1905
1008:
1006:
645:
6-pounder 8-hundredweight quick-fire Mark I naval gun
362:
6-pounder 8-hundredweight quick-fire Mark I naval gun
355:
10-inch 32 calibre (25.4 cm) breech-loading naval guns
879:
877:
239:
2 × Maudslay 3-cyl VTE steam engines turning 2 screws
1312:
http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNBR_6pounder_m1.htm
1306:
http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNBR_10-32_mk1-4.php
621:
only had deck armour as part of the structure. HMS
1759:
1711:
1628:
1603:
1478:
1409:
416:
Backing: 16–18 inches (410–460 mm) teak or oak
410:
Breastwork: 12 and 10 in (300 and 250 mm)
16:For the French ironclads with a similar name, see
1145:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905
1048:
997:
782:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905
1181:Gibbs, Frederick T. M.; Gibbs, E. W. C. (1896).
649:Hotchkiss 3-pounder quick-fire Mark I naval gun
413:Turrets: 14 and 12 in (360 and 300 mm)
369:Hotchkiss 3-pounder quick-fire Mark I naval gun
257:6,640 ihp (4,950 kW) ND / 13.84
1095:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
1060:
752:went to the breakers in 1908, followed by HMS
647:on Mark I* low-angle single mounts and twelve
407:Sides: 12 and 10 in (300 and 250 mm)
1387:
1187:(2nd ed.). Waterlow Bros. & Layton.
604:they would be manually raised whereas on HMS
341:12.5 inch RML of 38 tons Mk I or II naval gun
8:
1115:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
651:on Mark I* low-angle single mounts. Seven (
597:12.5-inch RML 38-ton Mark I or II naval guns
508:In 1871 a 9-foot-long (2.7 m) model of
500:in September 1871 led to concerns about the
267:7,000 ihp (5,200 kW) ND / 14
404:Type: wrought iron with teak or oak backing
1394:
1380:
1372:
1323:
1072:
1036:
961:
949:
932:
915:
868:
839:
816:
804:
1300:1891 rebuild armament nomenclature from:
419:Deck: 3 and 2 in (76 and 51 mm)
371:on twelve Mark I* low-angle single mounts
674:
1403:Ironclad warships of the United Kingdom
797:
242:8 × cylindrical locomotive type boilers
1108:
451:, were the first class of ocean-going
24:
1219:Jane, Fred T.; Wyllie, W. L. (1915).
1162:Eardley-Wilmot, Sydney Marow (1904).
1024:
1012:
323:12 inch RML of 35 tons Mk I naval gun
7:
900:
883:
536:firing three shots at the turret of
1363:List of ironclads of the Royal Navy
661:Nordenfelt 1-inch multi-barrel guns
196:62 ft 3 in (18.97 m)
1225:. Vol. 1. The Library Press.
1165:The British Navy: Past and Present
780:of 1898 lists no class name. Only
364:on Mark I* low-angle single mounts
204:26 ft 8 in (8.13 m)
14:
1168:(2nd ed.). The Navy League.
765:All ship specifications are from
611:Whitehead 14-inch (36 cm) torpedo
389:Whitehead 14-inch (36 cm) torpedo
289:12 days with steam for full speed
261:(25.63 km/h; 15.93 mph)
576:and a boiler explosion in 1876.
28:
1049:Reed, Simpson & Kelley 1888
998:Reed, Simpson & Kelley 1888
548:Construction and specifications
357:mounted in twin Mark II Turrets
286:5,980 nautical miles @ 10 knots
1838:Ship classes of the Royal Navy
1202:All the World's Fighting Ships
778:All the World's Fighting Ships
591:on sliding carriages, and HMS
1:
1276:Robinson, Charles N. (1894).
784:is known to list them as the
391:tubes (fixed below waterline)
54:HM Royal Dockyard, Portsmouth
1200:Jane, Fred T., ed. (1969) .
376:Nordenfelt multi-barrel guns
1833:Devastation-class ironclads
462:The ships were designed by
343:Bored to 12 inches instead
271:(26 km/h; 16 mph)
57:HM Royal Dockyard, Pembroke
1856:
1282:. George Bell & Sons.
665:Gardner light machine guns
383:Gardner light machine guns
18:Dévastation class ironclad
15:
1800:
1713:Coastal defence ironclads
1480:Central battery ironclads
1360:
1338:
1244:. Harper & Brothers.
1147:. Conway Maritime Press.
154:
43:
27:
1124:Brown, David K. (1997).
630:1890–1892 reconstruction
183:285 ft (87 m)
177:307 ft (94 m)
155:General characteristics
1204:. David & Charles.
1089:Ballard, G. A., Admiral
985:William Clowes and Sons
975:Brassey, Thomas Allnutt
769:unless otherwise noted.
743:Service and disposition
231:8 × rectangular boilers
1128:. Chatham Publishing.
1073:Jane & Wyllie 1915
1037:Jane & Wyllie 1915
980:The Naval Annual, 1887
962:Jane & Wyllie 1915
950:Jane & Wyllie 1915
933:Jane & Wyllie 1915
916:Jane & Wyllie 1915
869:Gibbs & Gibbs 1896
840:Jane & Wyllie 1915
817:Gibbs & Gibbs 1896
805:Gibbs & Gibbs 1896
482:
470:Design and development
1093:The Black Battlefleet
564:(9,480 t). HMS
477:
1807:Single ship of class
1257:King, J. W. (1877).
325:on sliding carriages
1411:Broadside ironclads
1241:Modern Ships of War
1061:Eardley-Wilmot 1904
842:, pp. 312–317.
703:Portsmouth Dockyard
455:that did not carry
1605:Barbette ironclads
871:, pp. 14, 20.
587:shipped with four
483:
480:Naval Annual, 1887
435:-class battleships
378:on pedestal mounts
283:1,800 tons of coal
1820:
1819:
1369:
1368:
903:, pp. 37–45.
740:
739:
726:Pembroke Dockyard
707:12 November 1869
595:shipped with two
425:
424:
64:Succeeded by
1845:
1630:Turret ironclads
1396:
1389:
1382:
1373:
1332:-class ironclads
1324:
1291:
1272:
1253:
1234:
1215:
1196:
1177:
1158:
1139:
1120:
1114:
1106:
1076:
1070:
1064:
1058:
1052:
1046:
1040:
1034:
1028:
1022:
1016:
1010:
1001:
995:
989:
988:
971:
965:
959:
953:
947:
936:
930:
919:
913:
904:
898:
887:
881:
872:
866:
843:
837:
820:
814:
808:
802:
675:
348:1890–92 Rebuild:
265:1890/92 Rebuild:
235:1890/92 Rebuild:
32:
25:
1855:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1796:
1755:
1707:
1624:
1599:
1474:
1405:
1400:
1370:
1365:
1356:
1334:
1298:
1275:
1256:
1237:
1218:
1212:
1199:
1180:
1161:
1155:
1142:
1136:
1123:
1107:
1103:
1087:
1084:
1079:
1071:
1067:
1059:
1055:
1047:
1043:
1035:
1031:
1023:
1019:
1011:
1004:
996:
992:
973:
972:
968:
960:
956:
948:
939:
931:
922:
914:
907:
899:
890:
882:
875:
867:
846:
838:
823:
815:
811:
803:
799:
795:
762:
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673:
632:
550:
472:
464:Sir Edward Reed
39:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1853:
1852:
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1817:
1815:
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1811:
1808:
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1787:
1780:
1773:
1765:
1763:
1757:
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1753:
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1732:
1725:
1717:
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1670:
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1649:
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1622:
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1600:
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1597:
1590:
1583:
1576:
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1555:
1548:
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1534:
1527:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1499:
1492:
1484:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1455:Prince Consort
1451:
1444:
1437:
1430:
1423:
1415:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1391:
1384:
1376:
1367:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1347:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1316:3-pdr QF url:
1314:
1308:
1297:
1296:External links
1294:
1293:
1292:
1273:
1254:
1235:
1216:
1210:
1197:
1178:
1159:
1153:
1140:
1134:
1121:
1101:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1075:, p. 316.
1065:
1053:
1041:
1039:, p. 320.
1029:
1017:
1002:
990:
983:. Portsmouth:
977:, ed. (1888).
966:
964:, p. 264.
954:
952:, p. 315.
937:
935:, p. 312.
920:
918:, p. 317.
905:
888:
886:, p. 209.
873:
844:
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809:
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794:
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738:
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734:
733:25 March 1872
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691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
672:
669:
631:
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549:
546:
471:
468:
437:of the 1870s,
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202:
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190:
189:
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187:
181:
173:
169:
168:
167:(9,480 t)
161:
157:
156:
152:
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148:
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136:
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50:
46:
45:
44:Class overview
41:
40:
33:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1851:
1850:
1839:
1836:
1834:
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1747:
1745:
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1740:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1724:
1723:
1722:Prince Albert
1719:
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1602:
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1588:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1477:
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160:Displacement
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1667:Dreadnought
1653:Devastation
1538:Bellerophon
1344:Devastation
1330:Devastation
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786:Devastation
750:Devastation
697:Devastation
653:Devastation
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602:Devastation
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510:Devastation
441:Devastation
433:Devastation
315:Devastation
220:Devastation
84:Devastation
70:Dreadnought
36:Devastation
1827:Categories
1674:Inflexible
1503:Enterprise
1469:Lord Clyde
1025:Brown 1997
1013:Brown 1997
793:References
690:Completed
296:Complement
209:Propulsion
107:In service
92:: £358,500
86:: £354,000
1813:Cancelled
1777:Abyssinia
1750:Conqueror
1702:Trafalgar
1614:Temeraire
1594:Belleisle
1580:Alexandra
1566:Swiftsure
1559:Audacious
1462:Royal Oak
1351:Thunderer
1250:685182453
1231:903567669
1111:cite book
901:King 1877
884:Jane 1969
774:Navy List
754:Thunderer
720:Thunderer
684:Laid down
657:Thunderer
636:Thunderer
606:Thunderer
593:Thunderer
570:Thunderer
562:long tons
554:HMS
538:HMS
531:HMS
502:stability
495:HMS
488:freeboard
448:Thunderer
446:HMS
439:HMS
330:Thunderer
310:As built:
255:As built:
226:Thunderer
215:As built:
165:long tons
131:Completed
118:1873-1909
110:1874-1905
102:1869–1877
90:Thunderer
68:HMS
1770:Cerberus
1761:Monitors
1729:Scorpion
1695:Victoria
1688:Colossus
1552:Hercules
1545:Penelope
1510:Favorite
1496:Research
1448:Minotaur
1441:Achilles
1193:12714917
1174:12025245
1091:(1980).
687:Launched
427:The two
304:Armament
147:Scrapped
49:Builders
1791:Cyclops
1784:Glatton
1736:Hotspur
1660:Neptune
1646:Captain
1639:Monarch
1620:Admiral
1524:Repulse
1517:Zealous
1427:Defence
1420:Warrior
1288:1161787
681:Builder
556:Captain
540:Glatton
533:Hotspur
497:Captain
429:British
201:Draught
139:Retired
123:Planned
38:in 1896
1743:Rupert
1587:Superb
1573:Sultan
1531:Pallas
1434:Hector
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788:class.
399:Armour
374:5–7 ×
172:Length
163:9,330
760:Notes
713:1873
671:Ships
457:sails
278:Range
249:Speed
99:Built
1681:Ajax
1284:OCLC
1265:OCLC
1246:OCLC
1227:OCLC
1206:ISBN
1189:OCLC
1170:OCLC
1149:ISBN
1130:ISBN
1117:link
1097:ISBN
678:Name
583:HMS
526:teak
444:and
387:2 ×
381:2 ×
367:8 ×
360:6 ×
353:4 ×
339:2 ×
321:4 ×
193:Beam
78:Cost
34:HMS
299:410
1829::
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