545:
dictyostelids species likely arose as most glacial formations melted. Most species in major groups 1, 2, and 3 display an encystment ability that allows individuals to survive low temperatures, but spores have shown an increased ability in resisting lower temperatures. Group 4 differs from other major groups in a general lacking ability to encyst, but its spores have shown better resistances against lower temperatures relative to spores from other groups.
64:
42:
309:
3714:
328:
243:, but in other dictyostelids the stalk is composed of cells, sometimes taking up the majority of the original amoebae. With a few exceptions, these cells die during stalk formation, and there is a definite correspondence between parts of the grex and parts of the fruiting body. Aggregation of amoebae generally takes place in converging streams. The amoebae move using filose
189:
490:
towards the giant cell surface. This forms a cellular aggregate and at the center of the aggregate the zygote giant cell ingests the surrounding amoebae. Phagocytosis is followed by digestion of the ingested amoebae. Next the zygote forms a macrocyst characterized by a surrounding extracellular
491:
cellulose sheath. After the macrocyst is formed it ordinarily remains dormant for a period before germination can occur. Within the macrocyst the diploid zygote undergoes meiosis followed by successive mitotic divisions. When the macrocyst germinates it releases many haploid amoeboid cells.
544:
Fossil calibrations indicate that dictyostelids class originally diverged into two major branches approximately 0.52 billion years ago. Current theories speculate that dictyostelid stalk and spore formation originally evolved as an adaption to global glacial formations. Further subdivision of
468:
Sexual development can occur when amoeboid cells are starved for their bacterial food supply and dark humid conditions are present. Both heterothallic and homothallic strains of
Dictostelium can undergo mating. Heterothallic sexual development has been most extensively studied in
1618:
Sheikh, Sanea; Thulin, Mats; Cavender, James C; Escalante, Ricardo; Kawakami, Shin-ichi; Lado, Carlos; Landolt, John; Nanjundiah, Vidyanand; Queller, David; Strassmann, Joan; Spiegel, Frederick W.; Stephenson, Steve; Vadell, Eduardo M; Baldauf, Sandra (2017-11-24).
204:
When food (normally bacteria) is readily available dictyostelids behave as individual amoebae, which feed and divide normally. However, when the food supply is exhausted, they aggregate to form a multicellular assembly, called a pseudoplasmodium,
486:. The volume of the binucleate cell then increases to produce a giant binuclear cell. As growth proceeds, the nuclei swell, and then fuse forming a true diploid zygote giant cell. As this is occurring, amoebae have been undergoing cAMP-induced
527:
The groupings within the dictyostelid phylogeny tree has undergone frequent reordering due to availability new evidence. Most currently accepted phylogenies of dictyostelids utilize genome sequencing and
479:. Heterothallic matings are initiated by fusion of haploid cells (gametes) from two strains of opposite mating type. This contrasts with homothallic strains that appear to express both mating types.
220:). The grex has a definite anterior and posterior, responds to light and temperature gradients, and has the ability to migrate. Under the correct circumstances the grex matures forming a
1210:
is similar to that of mammalian cells as are the processes driven by these components, such as phagocytosis, membrane trafficking, endocytic transit and vesicle sorting. Like leukocytes,
456:(~77%) leading to a codon usage that favors more adenosines and thymidines in the third position. Tandem repeats of trinucleotides are abundant in Dictyostelium, which in humans cause
4043:
345:(cAMP) as a signal molecule. One cell, the founder of the colony, begins to secrete cAMP in response to stress. Others detect this signal, and respond in two ways:
157:
524:
was initially classified under ‘lower fungi,’ but the classification has since shifted the classification to under the
Amoebozoa phylum where it is currently.
1282:
Eichinger, L.; Pachebat, J.A.; Glöckner, G.; Rajandream, M.A.; Sucgang, R.; Berriman, M.; Song, J.; Olsen, R.; Szafranski, K.; Xu, Q.; et al. (2005).
356:
The effect of this is to relay the signal throughout the nearby population of amoebae and cause inward movement to the area of highest cAMP concentration.
1751:
1269:
Brännsröm Å and
Dieckmann U (2005). Evolutionary dynamics of altruism and cheating among social amoebas. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B.
4017:
3927:
1725:
1475:
Nickerson AW, Raper KB. Macrocysts in the life cycle of
Dictyostelliaceae II. Germination of the macrocysts. Am. J. Bot. 1973 60(3): 247-254.
1816:
228:(balls of spores). These spores are inactive cells protected by resistant cell walls, and become new amoebae once food is available.
413:
1561:
Lawal, Hajara M.; Schilde, Christina; Kin, Koryu; Brown, Matthew W.; James, John; Prescott, Alan R.; Schaap, Pauline (2020-05-29).
3886:
3807:
1849:
504:
The
Dictyostelium phylogeny tree has undergone multiple changes in the past decades. The first dictyostelid to be described was
1844:
457:
342:
295:. It is also an interesting example of the evolution of cooperation and cheating. A large body of research data concerning
4056:
1928:
1918:
1901:
63:
1658:
Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, LKT; Dolatabadi, S; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020).
444:
and coworkers. The haploid genome contains approximately 12,500 genes on 6 chromosomes. For comparison, the diploid
1341:"Variation, sex, and social cooperation: molecular population genetics of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum"
1777:
417:
1504:
Schilde, Christina; Lawal, Hajara M.; Kin, Koryu; Shibano-Hayakawa, Ikumi; Inouye, Kei; Schaap, Pauline (2019).
1786:
1433:
Robson GE, Williams KL (April 1980). "The mating system of the cellular slime mould
Dictyostelium discoideum".
471:
430:
333:
297:
288:
249:
50:
536:
species and differs from the other groups with its usage of cAMP as an attractant emitted during aggregation.
532:(ssu-rDNA). The dictyostelids can be further subdivided into four groups. In particular, group 4 contains the
448:
has 20,000-25,000 genes (represented twice) on 23 chromosome pairs. There is a high level of the nucleotides
408:
Because the internal cAMP concentration inactivates the receptor for external cAMP, an individual cell shows
1933:
1809:
259:
3361:
1339:
Flowers JM, Li SI, Stathos A, Saxer G, Ostrowski EA, Queller DC, Strassmann JE, Purugganan MD (July 2010).
923:
412:
behaviour. This behaviour produces beautiful spirals seen in converging colonies and is reminiscent of the
3734:
3353:
387:
1563:"Cold climate adaptation is a plausible cause for evolution of multicellular sporulation in Dictyostelia"
3340:
3220:
3052:
2601:
2119:
2114:
1896:
292:
3197:
2375:
2368:
1218:
represents a suitable model system to ascertain the influence of a variety of host cell factors during
3642:
3411:
3156:
3151:
2326:
1127:
757:
441:
4107:
4071:
3955:
3891:
3865:
3812:
3781:
3488:
3437:
3371:
3133:
3057:
3042:
2560:
1743:
1295:
1171:
795:
3656:
3460:
3429:
3273:
3162:
3128:
3120:
2484:
2249:
1039:
980:
956:
945:
615:
579:
569:
517:
133:
3854:
3600:
3250:
2991:
2675:
1160:
1149:
1050:
1013:
1002:
836:
771:
663:
646:
482:
Mating is initiated by gametogenesis that produces small, motile gametes that fuse to form a small
3684:
3551:
3499:
3402:
3242:
3064:
3047:
2382:
2221:
2200:
2158:
2124:
1083:
3717:
3649:
3614:
3572:
3233:
3032:
3005:
2998:
2984:
2977:
2957:
2943:
2575:
2455:
2242:
1913:
1891:
1879:
1854:
1802:
1458:
1415:
284:
280:
58:
3677:
3586:
3264:
3169:
3012:
2284:
2193:
1138:
1061:
967:
934:
819:
593:
3772:
3299:
2151:
1252:
Dao DN, Kessin RH, and Ennis HL (2000). Developmental cheating and the evolutionary biology of
4079:
3963:
3873:
3794:
3558:
3478:
3419:
2137:
2130:
1971:
1923:
1886:
1874:
1864:
1721:
1640:
1600:
1582:
1543:
1525:
1450:
1407:
1372:
1321:
1239:
Strassman JE, Zhu Y, and
Queller DC. (2000) Altruism and social cheating in the social amoeba
483:
370:
276:
41:
4084:
3968:
3565:
2291:
2017:
4048:
3878:
3799:
3388:
3184:
2565:
2434:
2361:
1838:
1681:
1671:
1632:
1590:
1574:
1533:
1517:
1442:
1399:
1362:
1352:
1311:
1303:
513:
436:
3455:
3380:
3281:
3143:
2711:
2683:
2544:
2536:
2298:
2235:
2079:
2051:
1978:
1781:
1114:
1094:
1028:
735:
704:
694:
138:
1299:
3635:
3447:
2932:
2893:
2839:
2585:
2450:
2354:
2207:
2172:
1996:
1869:
1595:
1538:
1505:
1367:
1340:
1316:
1283:
272:
206:
4101:
3621:
3317:
3069:
3037:
3026:
2888:
2826:
2816:
2788:
2770:
2765:
2706:
2698:
2688:
2656:
2510:
2505:
2403:
2277:
2270:
2069:
2046:
2041:
2001:
1988:
1419:
1403:
1104:
718:
382:
1676:
1659:
1462:
308:
3691:
3607:
2937:
2883:
2875:
2834:
2793:
2780:
2757:
2666:
2648:
2570:
2526:
2489:
2410:
2396:
2389:
2340:
2305:
2256:
2179:
2036:
991:
629:
445:
397:
327:
3995:
3918:
3757:
1636:
1485:
Brefeld, O (1869). "Ein neuer
Organismus und der Verwandschaft der Myxomyceten".
1357:
4061:
4030:
3940:
3848:
3766:
3670:
3579:
3493:
3483:
3322:
3207:
3192:
3085:
2924:
2811:
2748:
2347:
2186:
2165:
2095:
2028:
1521:
1197:
1072:
409:
105:
1620:
1578:
1390:
O'Day DH, Keszei A (May 2012). "Signalling and sex in the social amoebozoans".
3663:
3470:
3309:
2803:
2734:
2729:
2580:
2417:
2333:
2319:
2312:
2214:
2061:
1966:
1220:
1202:
912:
487:
254:
210:
193:
173:
17:
3839:
1586:
1529:
4004:
3628:
3593:
3019:
2950:
2721:
2263:
2074:
1958:
1949:
1825:
549:
453:
449:
401:
364:
302:
244:
240:
85:
75:
1644:
1604:
1547:
1454:
1411:
1376:
1325:
188:
3989:
3912:
3833:
3751:
3698:
3291:
3109:
2968:
2639:
2144:
1908:
1771:
529:
236:
221:
213:
1307:
2866:
1686:
1446:
4035:
3945:
2913:
2857:
2228:
177:
95:
3728:
4022:
4009:
3932:
475:, and homothallic sexual development has been most well studied in
1702:
326:
307:
225:
187:
3786:
247:, and are attracted to chemicals produced by other amoebae. In
217:
165:
3732:
1798:
341:
The mechanism behind the aggregation of the amoebae relies on
1765:
1794:
548:
1506:"A well supported multi gene phylogeny of 52 dictyostelia"
1284:"The genome of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum"
1756:
1562:
508:
in 1869 by Osker
Brefeld, and the original discovery of
359:
Within an individual cell, the mechanism is as follows:
257:, but others use different chemicals. In the species
378:
Internal cAMP inactivates the external cAMP receptor.
263:, the grouping is by kinship, not just by proximity.
224:(fruiting body) with a stalk supporting one or more
3979:
3902:
3823:
3741:
3541:
3469:
3446:
3428:
3410:
3401:
3379:
3370:
3352:
3339:
3308:
3290:
3272:
3263:
3241:
3232:
3219:
3206:
3183:
3142:
3119:
3099:
3082:
2967:
2923:
2910:
2874:
2865:
2856:
2825:
2802:
2779:
2756:
2747:
2720:
2697:
2674:
2665:
2647:
2638:
2594:
2553:
2535:
2519:
2498:
2477:
2468:
2443:
2427:
2105:
2092:
2060:
2027:
2014:
1987:
1957:
1948:
352:The amoeba secretes more cAMP to boost the signal.
512:occurred in 1935, with further discoveries from
363:cAMP reception at the cell membrane activates a
1277:
1275:
1810:
8:
1621:"A New Classification of the Dictyostelids"
3729:
3407:
3376:
3349:
3269:
3238:
3229:
3216:
3116:
3096:
3079:
2920:
2907:
2871:
2862:
2753:
2671:
2644:
2474:
2465:
2102:
2089:
2024:
2011:
1954:
1817:
1803:
1795:
40:
31:
1685:
1675:
1594:
1537:
1366:
1356:
1315:
928:van Tieghem 1884 non Vandamme et al. 1999
1660:"Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa"
1232:
209:, or slug (not to be confused with the
1707:, a Tractable Model Host Organism for
1033:Olive ex Kirk, Cannon & David 2001
2470: Glutinoconcha
1510:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
1214:possess chemotactic capacity. Hence,
375:cAMP diffuses out of cell into medium
7:
4072:c4f8be88-2496-4a5f-9a20-316a6322e73f
3956:b5ca7123-5460-4834-9f20-09377e5f6c35
3866:a033a8f8-1f55-48ee-8cc6-c572e06dc28b
1196:shares many molecular features with
516:, followed by global efforts led by
349:The amoeba moves towards the signal.
239:is supported by a stalk composed of
811:
787:
763:
710:
700:
621:
585:
575:
565:
555:
1206:. The cytoskeletal composition of
283:, and is studied as an example of
25:
1176:Baldauf, Sheikh & Thulin 2017
1165:Baldauf, Sheikh & Thulin 2017
1154:Baldauf, Sheikh & Thulin 2017
1143:Baldauf, Sheikh & Thulin 2017
1132:Baldauf, Sheikh & Thulin 2017
1044:Baldauf, Sheikh & Thulin 2017
1018:Baldauf, Sheikh & Thulin 2017
1007:Baldauf, Sheikh & Thulin 2017
985:Raper ex Raper & Quinlan 1958
972:Baldauf, Sheikh & Thulin 2017
961:Baldauf, Sheikh & Thulin 2017
950:Baldauf, Sheikh & Thulin 2017
939:Baldauf, Sheikh & Thulin 2017
381:A different g-protein stimulates
271:Dictyostelium has been used as a
3713:
3712:
1768:official wiki site for dictyBase
1759:Online Informatics Resource for
1404:10.1111/j.1469-185X.2011.00200.x
62:
1487:Abh Seckenberg Naturforsch Ges
1099:Rostafinski 1875 ex Cooke 1877
458:Trinucleotide repeat disorders
343:cyclic adenosine monophosphate
253:, aggregation is signalled by
1:
414:Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction
120:Lister 1909, emend. Olive 197
1637:10.1016/j.protis.2017.11.001
1358:10.1371/journal.pgen.1001013
320:Mechanism of aggregation in
1701:Bruhn; et al. (2008).
1522:10.1016/j.ympev.2019.01.017
530:small subunit ribosomal DNA
400:to induce the extension of
393:induces calcium ion release
4124:
1720:. Caister Academic Press.
1579:10.1038/s41598-020-65709-3
905:Lister 1909 em. Olive 1970
3708:
3078:
2906:
2464:
2088:
2010:
1832:
1677:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8
833:
816:
809:
792:
785:
768:
761:
732:
715:
708:
698:
660:
643:
626:
619:
590:
583:
573:
563:
154:Dictyostelia/Dictyostelea
130:
125:
59:Scientific classification
57:
48:
39:
34:
1788:Dictyostelium discoideum
1773:Dictyostelium discoideum
1718:: Molecular Microbiology
1392:Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc
1241:Dictyostelium discoideum
1186:Model host organism for
534:Dictyostelium discoideum
522:Dictyostelium discoideum
510:Dictyostelium discoideum
506:Dictyostelium mucoroides
431:Dictyostelium discoideum
418:cyclic cellular automata
396:Calcium ions act on the
334:Dictyostelium discoideum
322:Dictyostelium discoideum
301:is available on-line at
250:Dictyostelium discoideum
51:Dictyostelium discoideum
1790:description, life cycle
337:amoeba responds to cAMP
260:Dictyostelium purpureum
500:Classification History
440:in 2005 by geneticist
338:
331:Diagram showing how a
316:
267:Uses as model organism
201:
184:Multicellular behavior
3362:Echinosteliopsidaceae
428:The entire genome of
369:G protein stimulates
330:
311:
293:programmed cell death
191:
27:Group of slime moulds
3354:Echinosteliopsidales
1200:, the human host of
1077:Bengtson et al. 2007
416:and two-dimensional
170:cellular slime molds
3904:Dictyosteliomycetes
1308:10.1038/nature03481
1300:2005Natur.435...43E
520:and collaborators.
464:Sexual reproduction
162:Dictyosteliomycetes
3718:Category:Amoebozoa
3341:Columellomycetidae
3221:Lucisporomycetidae
3091:(true slime molds)
3088:
3084:
3053:Schizoplasmodiidae
2916:
2912:
2602:Cylindrifflugiidae
2456:Cryptodifflugiidae
2120:Mississippiellidae
2115:Bipseudostomatidae
2098:
2094:
2020:
2016:
1780:2019-12-06 at the
1752:Low Society (2004)
1567:Scientific Reports
1447:10.1007/BF00390948
902:Class Dictyostelia
339:
317:
285:cell communication
202:
4095:
4094:
4080:Open Tree of Life
3964:Open Tree of Life
3874:Open Tree of Life
3795:Open Tree of Life
3735:Taxon identifiers
3726:
3725:
3537:
3536:
3533:
3532:
3529:
3528:
3525:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3479:Lamprodermataceae
3420:Clastodermataceae
3397:
3396:
3335:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3259:
3258:
3198:Protosporangiidae
3179:
3178:
2902:
2901:
2852:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2743:
2742:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2537:Hyalospheniformes
2376:Pseudawerintzewia
2369:Protocucurbitella
1972:Trichosphaeriidae
1727:978-1-904455-26-4
1177:
1166:
1155:
1144:
1133:
1120:
1110:
1100:
1089:
1078:
1067:
1056:
1045:
1034:
1019:
1008:
997:
986:
973:
962:
951:
940:
929:
918:
906:
893:
892:
884:
883:
875:
874:
866:
865:
857:
856:
848:
847:
747:
746:
684:
683:
675:
674:
605:
604:
434:was published in
371:Adenylate cyclase
277:molecular biology
146:
145:
121:
16:(Redirected from
4115:
4088:
4087:
4075:
4074:
4065:
4064:
4062:NHMSYS0001480727
4052:
4051:
4039:
4038:
4026:
4025:
4013:
4012:
4000:
3999:
3998:
3972:
3971:
3959:
3958:
3949:
3948:
3936:
3935:
3923:
3922:
3921:
3895:
3894:
3882:
3881:
3869:
3868:
3859:
3858:
3857:
3844:
3843:
3842:
3816:
3815:
3803:
3802:
3790:
3789:
3777:
3776:
3775:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3730:
3716:
3715:
3643:Pseudothecamoeba
3412:Clastodermatales
3408:
3389:Echinosteliaceae
3377:
3350:
3346:
3270:
3239:
3230:
3226:
3217:
3213:
3185:Protosporangiida
3157:Dictyosteliaceae
3152:Raperosteliaceae
3117:
3097:
3093:
3092:
3080:
2921:
2917:
2908:
2872:
2863:
2754:
2672:
2645:
2566:Distomatopyxidae
2475:
2471:
2466:
2435:Microchlamyiidae
2362:Protoplagiopyxis
2327:Planhoogenraadia
2103:
2099:
2090:
2025:
2021:
2012:
1955:
1861:
1841:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1796:
1732:
1731:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1679:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1598:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1541:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1482:
1476:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1370:
1360:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1319:
1279:
1270:
1267:
1261:
1250:
1244:
1237:
1175:
1164:
1153:
1142:
1131:
1128:Raperosteliaceae
1118:
1108:
1098:
1087:
1076:
1065:
1054:
1043:
1032:
1017:
1006:
995:
984:
971:
960:
949:
938:
927:
916:
904:
812:
788:
764:
758:Raperosteliaceae
711:
701:
622:
586:
576:
566:
556:
442:Ludwig Eichinger
119:
67:
66:
44:
32:
21:
4123:
4122:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4091:
4083:
4078:
4070:
4068:
4060:
4055:
4047:
4042:
4034:
4029:
4021:
4016:
4008:
4003:
3994:
3993:
3988:
3981:Dictyosteliales
3975:
3967:
3962:
3954:
3952:
3944:
3939:
3931:
3926:
3917:
3916:
3911:
3898:
3890:
3885:
3877:
3872:
3864:
3862:
3853:
3852:
3847:
3838:
3837:
3832:
3819:
3811:
3806:
3798:
3793:
3785:
3780:
3771:
3770:
3765:
3756:
3755:
3750:
3737:
3727:
3722:
3704:
3505:
3489:Kelleromyxaceae
3465:
3456:Stemonitidaceae
3442:
3438:Meridermataceae
3424:
3393:
3381:Echinosteliales
3372:Echinosteliidia
3366:
3344:
3343:
3327:
3304:
3286:
3282:Reticulariaceae
3255:
3225:(bright-spored)
3224:
3223:
3211:
3210:
3202:
3175:
3144:Dictyosteliales
3138:
3134:Acytosteliaceae
3115:
3090:
3089:
3083:
3074:
3058:Soliformoviidae
3043:Fractovitellida
2963:
2911:
2898:
2844:
2821:
2798:
2775:
2739:
2716:
2712:Cochliopodiidae
2693:
2684:Acanthamoebidae
2661:
2606:
2595:Cylindrothecina
2590:
2561:Cucurbitellidae
2549:
2545:Hyalospheniidae
2531:
2515:
2494:
2469:
2460:
2439:
2423:
2299:Paracentropyxis
2236:Lagenodifflugia
2093:
2084:
2080:Hartmannellidae
2056:
2052:Gephyramoebidae
2015:
2006:
1983:
1979:Microcoryciidae
1944:
1943:
1859:
1837:
1828:
1823:
1782:Wayback Machine
1740:
1735:
1728:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1474:
1470:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1351:(7): e1001013.
1338:
1337:
1333:
1294:(7038): 43–57.
1281:
1280:
1273:
1268:
1264:
1251:
1247:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1191:
1172:Tieghemostelium
1115:Polysphondylium
1095:Dictyosteliidae
1029:Dictyosteliales
899:
894:
885:
876:
867:
858:
849:
796:Tieghemostelium
748:
736:Polysphondylium
705:Dictyosteliidae
695:Dictyosteliales
685:
676:
606:
542:
502:
497:
484:binucleate cell
466:
426:
391:
383:Phospholipase C
325:
289:differentiation
269:
186:
172:are a group of
139:Dictyosteliales
118:
61:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4121:
4119:
4111:
4110:
4100:
4099:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4089:
4076:
4066:
4053:
4040:
4027:
4014:
4001:
3985:
3983:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3973:
3960:
3950:
3937:
3924:
3908:
3906:
3900:
3899:
3897:
3896:
3883:
3870:
3860:
3855:Dictyosteliida
3845:
3829:
3827:
3825:Dictyosteliida
3821:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3804:
3791:
3778:
3763:
3747:
3745:
3739:
3738:
3733:
3724:
3723:
3721:
3720:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3695:
3688:
3681:
3674:
3667:
3660:
3657:Schoutedamoeba
3653:
3646:
3639:
3636:Penardochlamys
3632:
3625:
3618:
3611:
3604:
3597:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3569:
3562:
3555:
3547:
3545:
3543:incertae sedis
3539:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3531:
3530:
3527:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3519:
3518:
3515:
3514:
3511:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3504:
3503:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3475:
3473:
3467:
3466:
3464:
3463:
3461:Comatrichaceae
3458:
3452:
3450:
3448:Stemonitidales
3444:
3443:
3441:
3440:
3434:
3432:
3430:Meridermatales
3426:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3416:
3414:
3405:
3399:
3398:
3395:
3394:
3392:
3391:
3385:
3383:
3374:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3364:
3358:
3356:
3347:
3337:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3314:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3296:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3278:
3276:
3274:Reticulariales
3267:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3247:
3245:
3236:
3227:
3214:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3193:Ceratiomyxidae
3189:
3187:
3181:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3173:
3166:
3163:Coremiostelium
3159:
3154:
3148:
3146:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3129:Cavenderiaceae
3125:
3123:
3121:Acytosteliales
3114:
3113:
3105:
3103:
3094:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3023:
3016:
3009:
3002:
2995:
2988:
2981:
2973:
2971:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2935:
2933:Mastigamoebida
2929:
2927:
2918:
2904:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2894:Squamamoebidae
2891:
2886:
2880:
2878:
2869:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2840:Vexilliferidae
2837:
2831:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2808:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2791:
2785:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2762:
2760:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2726:
2724:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2703:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2686:
2680:
2678:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2653:
2651:
2642:
2636:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2612:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2604:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2586:Trigonopyxidae
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2557:
2555:
2554:Sphaerothecina
2551:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2541:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2485:Lesquereusidae
2481:
2479:
2472:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2451:Phryganellidae
2447:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2414:
2407:
2400:
2393:
2386:
2379:
2372:
2365:
2358:
2355:Proplagiopyxis
2351:
2344:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2302:
2295:
2288:
2281:
2274:
2267:
2260:
2253:
2250:Lamptoquadrula
2246:
2239:
2232:
2225:
2218:
2211:
2208:Geoplagiopyxis
2204:
2197:
2190:
2183:
2176:
2173:Ellipsopyxella
2169:
2162:
2155:
2148:
2141:
2134:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2111:
2109:
2107:incertae sedis
2100:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2066:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2033:
2031:
2022:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1997:Echinamoebidae
1993:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1963:
1961:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1934:Mesomycetozoea
1931:
1926:
1916:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1870:Diaphoretickes
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1814:
1807:
1799:
1793:
1792:
1784:
1775:Genome Project
1769:
1766:dictyBase wiki
1763:
1754:
1749:
1739:
1738:External links
1736:
1734:
1733:
1726:
1693:
1650:
1610:
1553:
1496:
1477:
1468:
1425:
1382:
1331:
1271:
1262:
1260:. Microbiology
1245:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1167:
1156:
1145:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1111:
1090:
1079:
1068:
1057:
1046:
1040:Coremiostelium
1024:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1009:
998:
981:Acytosteliidae
976:
975:
974:
957:Cavenderiaceae
946:Actyosteliales
941:
930:
919:
898:
895:
891:
890:
887:
886:
882:
881:
878:
877:
873:
872:
869:
868:
864:
863:
860:
859:
855:
854:
851:
850:
846:
845:
842:
841:
832:
829:
828:
825:
824:
815:
810:
808:
805:
804:
801:
800:
791:
786:
784:
781:
780:
777:
776:
767:
762:
760:
754:
753:
750:
749:
745:
744:
741:
740:
731:
728:
727:
724:
723:
714:
709:
707:
699:
697:
691:
690:
687:
686:
682:
681:
678:
677:
673:
672:
669:
668:
659:
656:
655:
652:
651:
642:
639:
638:
635:
634:
625:
620:
618:
616:Acytosteliidae
612:
611:
608:
607:
603:
602:
599:
598:
589:
584:
582:
580:Cavenderiaceae
574:
572:
570:Actyosteliales
564:
562:
560:Dictyosteliida
554:
541:
538:
518:James Cavender
501:
498:
496:
493:
465:
462:
425:
422:
406:
405:
394:
389:
385:
379:
376:
373:
367:
354:
353:
350:
324:
318:
312:Life cycle of
273:model organism
268:
265:
185:
182:
144:
143:
142:
141:
136:
134:Acytosteliales
128:
127:
123:
122:
113:
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
55:
54:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
18:Dictyosteliida
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4120:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4103:
4086:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4067:
4063:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4045:
4041:
4037:
4032:
4028:
4024:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4006:
4002:
3997:
3991:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3982:
3978:
3970:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3951:
3947:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3929:
3925:
3920:
3914:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3905:
3901:
3893:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3861:
3856:
3850:
3846:
3841:
3835:
3831:
3830:
3828:
3826:
3822:
3814:
3809:
3805:
3801:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3783:
3779:
3774:
3768:
3764:
3759:
3753:
3749:
3748:
3746:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3731:
3719:
3711:
3710:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3694:
3693:
3689:
3687:
3686:
3682:
3680:
3679:
3675:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3654:
3652:
3651:
3647:
3645:
3644:
3640:
3638:
3637:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3622:Oscillosignum
3619:
3617:
3616:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3605:
3603:
3602:
3601:Malpighamoeba
3598:
3596:
3595:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3577:
3575:
3574:
3570:
3568:
3567:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3554:
3553:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3544:
3540:
3502:
3501:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3468:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3445:
3439:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3431:
3427:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3400:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3363:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3351:
3348:
3345:(dark-spored)
3342:
3338:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3318:Dianemataceae
3316:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3307:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3283:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3262:
3252:
3251:Cribrariaceae
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3228:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3212:(Myxomycetes)
3209:
3205:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3182:
3172:
3171:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3141:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3098:
3095:
3087:
3081:
3077:
3071:
3070:Holomastigida
3068:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3038:Protosteliida
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3028:
3027:Phalansterium
3024:
3022:
3021:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3010:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2992:Darbyshirella
2989:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2966:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2926:
2922:
2919:
2915:
2909:
2905:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2889:Sapocribridae
2887:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2827:Dactylopodida
2824:
2818:
2817:Discamoebidae
2815:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2789:Dermamoebidae
2787:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2772:
2771:Thecamoebidae
2769:
2767:
2766:Stenamoebidae
2764:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2707:Parvamoebidae
2705:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2699:Himatismenida
2696:
2690:
2689:Balamuthiidae
2687:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2676:Acanthopodida
2673:
2670:
2668:
2664:
2658:
2657:Stygamoebidae
2655:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2552:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2512:
2511:Plagiopyxidae
2509:
2507:
2506:Centropyxidae
2504:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2476:
2473:
2467:
2463:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2444:Phryganellina
2442:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2406:
2405:
2404:Suiadifflugia
2401:
2399:
2398:
2394:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2278:Microquadrula
2275:
2273:
2272:
2271:Meisterfeldia
2268:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2219:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2104:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2087:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2070:Nolandellidae
2068:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2047:Flabellulidae
2045:
2043:
2042:Rhizamoebidae
2040:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2013:
2009:
2003:
2002:Vermamoebidae
2000:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1989:Echinamoebida
1986:
1980:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1897:Stramenopiles
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1860:(major groups
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1820:
1815:
1813:
1808:
1806:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1791:
1789:
1785:
1783:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1761:Dictyostelium
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1745:Dictyostelium
1742:
1741:
1737:
1729:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1706:
1705:Dictyostelium
1697:
1694:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1670:: 1060–1456.
1669:
1665:
1661:
1654:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1614:
1611:
1606:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1554:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1500:
1497:
1492:
1488:
1481:
1478:
1472:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1441:(3): 229–32.
1440:
1436:
1429:
1426:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1398:(2): 313–29.
1397:
1393:
1386:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1335:
1332:
1327:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1266:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1254:Dictyostelium
1249:
1246:
1242:
1236:
1233:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1222:
1217:
1216:D. discoideum
1213:
1212:D. discoideum
1209:
1208:D. discoideum
1205:
1204:
1199:
1195:
1194:Dictyostelium
1189:
1185:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1162:
1161:Speleostelium
1157:
1152:
1151:
1150:Raperostelium
1146:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1124:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1106:
1105:Dictyostelium
1102:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1052:
1051:Heliomycopsis
1047:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1016:
1015:
1014:Rostrostelium
1010:
1005:
1004:
1003:Heterostelium
999:
994:
993:
988:
987:
983:
982:
977:
970:
969:
964:
963:
959:
958:
953:
952:
948:
947:
942:
937:
936:
931:
926:
925:
920:
915:
914:
909:
908:
907:
903:
896:
889:
888:
880:
879:
871:
870:
862:
861:
853:
852:
844:
843:
840:
839:
838:
837:Raperostelium
831:
830:
827:
826:
823:
822:
821:
814:
813:
807:
806:
803:
802:
799:
798:
797:
790:
789:
783:
782:
779:
778:
775:
774:
773:
772:Speleostelium
766:
765:
759:
756:
755:
752:
751:
743:
742:
739:
738:
737:
730:
729:
726:
725:
722:
721:
720:
719:Dictyostelium
713:
712:
706:
703:
702:
696:
693:
692:
689:
688:
680:
679:
671:
670:
667:
666:
665:
664:Rostrostelium
658:
657:
654:
653:
650:
649:
648:
647:Heterostelium
641:
640:
637:
636:
633:
632:
631:
624:
623:
617:
614:
613:
610:
609:
601:
600:
597:
596:
595:
588:
587:
581:
578:
577:
571:
568:
567:
561:
558:
557:
553:
551:
546:
539:
537:
535:
531:
525:
523:
519:
515:
514:Kenneth Raper
511:
507:
499:
494:
492:
489:
485:
480:
478:
477:D. mucoroides
474:
473:
472:D. discoideum
463:
461:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
438:
433:
432:
423:
421:
419:
415:
411:
403:
399:
395:
392:
386:
384:
380:
377:
374:
372:
368:
366:
362:
361:
360:
357:
351:
348:
347:
346:
344:
336:
335:
329:
323:
319:
315:
314:Dictyostelium
310:
306:
304:
300:
299:
298:D. discoideum
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
266:
264:
262:
261:
256:
252:
251:
246:
242:
238:
234:
229:
227:
223:
219:
215:
212:
208:
199:
198:Dictyostelium
195:
190:
183:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
150:dictyostelids
140:
137:
135:
132:
131:
129:
124:
117:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
102:Infraphylum:
101:
100:
97:
94:
91:
90:
87:
84:
81:
80:
77:
74:
71:
70:
65:
60:
56:
53:
52:
47:
43:
38:
35:Dictyostelid
33:
30:
19:
3980:
3903:
3824:
3773:Dictyostelia
3743:Dictyostelia
3742:
3697:
3690:
3685:Triaenamoeba
3683:
3676:
3669:
3662:
3655:
3648:
3641:
3634:
3627:
3620:
3613:
3608:Microcorycia
3606:
3599:
3592:
3585:
3578:
3571:
3564:
3557:
3552:Belonocystis
3550:
3542:
3500:Tasmaniomyxa
3498:
3403:Stemonitidia
3243:Cribrariales
3168:
3161:
3108:
3101:Dictyostelia
3100:
3065:Cavosteliida
3048:Acramoebidae
3025:
3018:
3011:
3004:
2997:
2990:
2983:
2976:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2938:Pelobiontida
2884:Idionectidae
2876:Squamocutida
2835:Paramoebidae
2794:Mayorellidae
2781:Dermamoebida
2758:Thecamoebida
2667:Centramoebia
2649:Stygamoebida
2571:Lamtopyxidae
2527:Heleoperidae
2499:Excentrosoma
2490:Difflugiidae
2478:Longithecina
2428:Organoconcha
2416:
2411:Trigonopyxis
2409:
2402:
2397:Sexangularia
2395:
2390:Schoenbornia
2388:
2383:Pseudonebela
2381:
2374:
2367:
2360:
2353:
2346:
2341:Pontigulasia
2339:
2332:
2325:
2318:
2311:
2306:Paraquadrula
2304:
2297:
2290:
2283:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2257:Leptochlamys
2255:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2227:
2222:Hoogenraadia
2220:
2213:
2206:
2201:Geamphorella
2199:
2192:
2185:
2180:Ellipsopyxis
2178:
2171:
2164:
2159:Conicocassis
2157:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2129:
2125:Shamkiriidae
2106:
2037:Leptomyxidae
1919:Opisthokonta
1787:
1772:
1760:
1744:
1717:
1714:
1708:
1704:
1696:
1667:
1663:
1653:
1628:
1624:
1613:
1570:
1566:
1556:
1513:
1509:
1499:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1471:
1438:
1434:
1428:
1395:
1391:
1385:
1348:
1344:
1334:
1291:
1287:
1265:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1240:
1235:
1224:infections.
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1170:
1159:
1148:
1137:
1125:
1119:Brefeld 1884
1113:
1109:Brefeld 1870
1103:
1092:
1084:Rhabdocystis
1082:
1081:Genus ?
1071:
1060:
1059:Genus ?
1049:
1048:Genus ?
1038:
1037:Genus ?
1026:
1012:
1001:
992:Acytostelium
990:
978:
966:
954:
943:
933:
932:Genus ?
922:
921:Genus ?
911:
910:Genus ?
901:
900:
835:
834:
818:
817:
794:
793:
770:
769:
734:
733:
717:
716:
662:
661:
645:
644:
630:Acytostelium
628:
627:
592:
591:
559:
547:
543:
533:
526:
521:
509:
505:
503:
481:
476:
470:
467:
446:human genome
435:
429:
427:
407:
398:cytoskeleton
358:
355:
340:
332:
321:
313:
296:
270:
258:
248:
233:Acytostelium
232:
230:
203:
197:
169:
161:
153:
149:
147:
116:Dictyostelia
115:
49:
29:
4108:Eumycetozoa
4031:iNaturalist
3941:iNaturalist
3849:Wikispecies
3767:Wikispecies
3671:Subulamoeba
3650:Rhabdamoeba
3615:Microglomus
3580:Gibbodiscus
3573:Corallomyxa
3494:Physaraceae
3484:Didymiaceae
3323:Trichiaceae
3234:Cribariidia
3208:Myxogastria
3086:Eumycetozoa
3033:Flamellidae
3006:Ischnamoeba
2999:Dictyamoeba
2985:Arboramoeba
2978:Angulamoeba
2958:Rhizomastix
2944:Tricholimax
2925:Archamoebea
2812:Vannellidae
2749:Flabellinia
2576:Netzeliidae
2348:Prantlitina
2243:Lamptopyxis
2187:Erugomicula
2166:Cornuapyxis
2096:Arcellinida
2029:Leptomyxida
1687:10481/61998
1631:(1): 1–28.
1573:(1): 8797.
1435:Curr. Genet
1198:macrophages
1088:Arnaud 1949
1073:Myxomitodes
1066:Arnaud 1949
1055:Arnaud 1949
917:Arnaud 1949
410:oscillatory
402:pseudopodia
174:slime molds
106:Eumycetozoa
92:Subphylum:
3678:Thecochaos
3664:Stereomyxa
3587:Hartmannia
3471:Physarales
3310:Trichiales
3265:Trichiidia
3170:Synstelium
3013:Heliamoeba
2804:Vannellida
2735:Goceviidae
2730:Pellitidae
2581:Arcellidae
2520:Volnustoma
2418:Wailesella
2334:Pomoriella
2320:Physochila
2313:Pentagonia
2285:Nabranella
2215:Geopyxella
2194:Frenopyxis
2062:Euamoebida
1967:Trichosida
1716:Legionella
1709:Legionella
1664:Mycosphere
1345:PLOS Genet
1258:Myxococcus
1228:References
1221:Legionella
1203:Legionella
1188:Legionella
1139:Hagiwaraea
1062:Pygmomyces
996:Raper 1956
968:Cavenderia
935:Synstelium
913:Calospeira
820:Hagiwaraea
594:Cavenderia
488:chemotaxis
245:pseudopods
194:petri dish
176:or social
3996:Q33225219
3919:Q33225272
3758:Q17583501
3629:Parmulina
3594:Malamoeba
3300:Liceaceae
3020:Filamoeba
2951:Entamoeba
2722:Pellitida
2264:Maghrebia
2152:Armipyxis
2075:Amoebidae
1959:Corycidia
1950:Tubulinea
1914:Amoebozoa
1892:Alveolata
1880:Cryptista
1855:Eukaryota
1826:Amoebozoa
1757:dictyBase
1587:2045-2322
1530:1055-7903
1516:: 66–73.
1493:: 85–107.
1420:205599638
550:cladogram
540:Evolution
454:thymidine
450:adenosine
365:G-protein
303:DictyBase
241:cellulose
216:called a
211:gastropod
86:Amoebozoa
76:Eukaryota
4102:Category
3990:Wikidata
3913:Wikidata
3834:Wikidata
3787:10484241
3752:Wikidata
3699:Zonomyxa
3559:Boveella
3292:Liceales
3110:Coenonia
2969:Variosea
2640:Discosea
2145:Argynnia
2138:Apolimia
2131:Acipyxis
1909:Amorphea
1887:Rhizaria
1875:Hacrobia
1865:Excavata
1850:Bacteria
1778:Archived
1645:29367151
1625:Protists
1605:32472019
1548:30711536
1463:23172357
1455:24189663
1412:21929567
1377:20617172
1326:15875012
1243:. Nature
1070:Genus †?
924:Coenonia
897:Taxonomy
495:Taxonomy
281:genetics
237:sorocarp
222:sorocarp
82:Phylum:
72:Domain:
4085:4008839
3969:4008837
3840:Q310364
3566:Biomyxa
2867:Cutosea
2292:Oopyxis
2018:Elardia
1924:Animals
1845:Archaea
1596:7260361
1539:6430600
1368:2895654
1317:1352341
1296:Bibcode
1126:Family
1093:Family
979:Family
955:Family
214:mollusc
178:amoebae
126:Orders
112:Class:
4069:NZOR:
4036:119002
4010:1DICTO
3953:NZOR:
3946:119001
3892:582244
3879:835575
3863:NZOR:
3813:761416
3800:835575
2914:Conosa
2858:Evosea
2229:Jungia
1902:Plants
1839:Domain
1747:(2007)
1724:
1643:
1603:
1593:
1585:
1546:
1536:
1528:
1461:
1453:
1418:
1410:
1375:
1365:
1324:
1314:
1288:Nature
1169:Genus
1158:Genus
1147:Genus
1136:Genus
1027:Order
1011:Genus
1000:Genus
989:Genus
965:Genus
944:Order
437:Nature
424:Genome
291:, and
235:, the
96:Conosa
4049:12046
4044:IRMNG
3887:WoRMS
3808:WoRMS
1929:Fungi
1459:S2CID
1416:S2CID
168:) or
4018:GBIF
4005:EPPO
3928:GBIF
3692:Unda
1722:ISBN
1641:PMID
1601:PMID
1583:ISSN
1544:PMID
1526:ISSN
1451:PMID
1408:PMID
1373:PMID
1322:PMID
1256:and
452:and
279:and
255:cAMP
226:sori
218:slug
207:grex
166:ICBN
158:ICZN
148:The
4057:NBN
4023:555
3933:284
3782:EoL
1682:hdl
1672:doi
1633:doi
1629:169
1591:PMC
1575:doi
1534:PMC
1518:doi
1514:134
1443:doi
1400:doi
1363:PMC
1353:doi
1312:PMC
1304:doi
1292:435
275:in
231:In
196:of
4104::
4082::
4059::
4046::
4033::
4020::
4007::
3992::
3966::
3943::
3930::
3915::
3889::
3876::
3851::
3836::
3810::
3797::
3784::
3769::
3754::
1713:.
1680:.
1668:11
1666:.
1662:.
1639:.
1627:.
1623:.
1599:.
1589:.
1581:.
1571:10
1569:.
1565:.
1542:.
1532:.
1524:.
1512:.
1508:.
1489:.
1457:.
1449:.
1437:.
1414:.
1406:.
1396:87
1394:.
1371:.
1361:.
1347:.
1343:.
1320:.
1310:.
1302:.
1290:.
1286:.
1274:^
552:.
460:.
420:.
388:IP
305:.
287:,
192:A
180:.
164:,
160:,
156:,
1936:)
1818:e
1811:t
1804:v
1730:.
1711:"
1703:"
1690:.
1684::
1674::
1647:.
1635::
1607:.
1577::
1550:.
1520::
1491:7
1465:.
1445::
1439:1
1422:.
1402::
1379:.
1355::
1349:6
1328:.
1306::
1298::
404:.
390:3
200:.
152:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
