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317:, and has a strict live animal diet, consisting mostly of insects. Due to human intervention in the forest of South-east Asia, Dian's tarsier tends to adapt its ranging behavior based on the degree of human intervention. Slightly disturbed habitats have been shown to have little effect on the Dian's tarsier, but with larger disturbances, the habitat is less suitable.
536:, protecting sleeping sites and preserving forest undergrowth would allow Dian's tarsier to live in a habitat with low levels of degradation. Better public knowledge that Dian's tarsier does not eat cash crops and instead eats insects, as well as reducing the use of chemical pesticides, would also help.
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This species is most active after dusk and before dawn. After dusk, Dian's tarsiers leave the sleeping sites they use during the day, traverse completely their home range, and go hunt for food in their home range at night where they will be more stationary during hunting and eating. Before dawn, duet
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which are more common in degraded habitats. Members of the same group will sleep in the same site during the day. Typically, groups will return to the same sleeping site night after night, though they can change site, particularly if the area was disturbed. Some groups have been seen using two or
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will be made, other options include long notes. The pitch increases towards the end of the song. The male will sing at the same time as his mate. He sings a rapid series of notes that start with a low pitch and end in a high pitch. Songs have a median close to one minute in length. The end of the
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Home ranges of females in low and moderate levels of human disturbed habitat are smaller than in undisturbed habitat. Home ranges in habitats heavily disturbed by humans are larger than in all other habitats. Researchers hypothesize that this is due to the increased number of insects in slightly
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The weight of adult Dian's tarsier ranges from 100 to 150 grams. This species is characterized by a greyish buff color to their wooly fur, a black spot is present on each side of the nose and white-colored fur appears on the middle lower lip and on both sides of the upper lip.
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of mated males and females pairs overlap. There is slight overlap between the home ranges of different groups. The male home range is slightly larger than the female's in undisturbed habitat with average home ranges sizes of 1.77 hectares and 1.58 hectares respectively.
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Population density is the highest by far in undisturbed habitat at 57.1 groups/km. All levels of disturbed habitat where Dian's tarsiers are found show similar population densities (32.9 groups/km-38.0 groups/km), with heavily disturbed habitats showing the lowest.
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disturbed habitat. This slightly disturbed habitat has more canopy openings which may attract more insects. The largest home ranges are in the most disturbed habitats, these also have the least insects, likely due to the use of pesticides in plantations.
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Dian's tarsier is found in the primary rainforest of the lower mountains of central
Sulawesi. It can also be found in habitat modified (disturbed) by humans such as secondary forests with logging, agroforestry or intensive agriculture.
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vocalisation signals to other members of the group to return to the sleeping site. Dian's tarsiers can travel more than 100 meters to reach their sleeping site in under 15 minutes before dawn. They use forest undergrowth to move.
1082:
Supriatna, Jatna; Shekelle, Myron; Fuad, Habiburrahman A. H.; Winarni, Nurul L.; Dwiyahreni, Asri A.; Farid, Muhammad; Mariati, Sri; Margules, Chris; Prakoso, Bimo; Zakaria, Zuliyanto (2020-12-01).
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Nightly paths lengths are similar in males and females in undisturbed habitat. Female path length increases with increased human disturbance of the habitat. Since nightly path length is related to
489:, such as cocoa and coffee, all plants that are not native to the area. Between 2000 and 2017, the Dian's tarsier lost 10% of its total forest habitat and 4% of its protected forest habitat.
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Groups can range from two to seven individuals. Each group is composed of one adult male paired with one to three adult females and their offspring, which can be male and female juveniles.
524:, Dian's tarsiers expend more energy in more disturbed habitats. Females typically cover more of their home range in one night in low and moderate levels of disturbance in their habitats.
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trees are the preferred sleeping site for Dian's tarsier. The individuals will sleep in crevices or opening in the tree. Although this species is also able to sleep in
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songs have more and irregularly spaced time between notes. These calls are specific to this species of tarsiers, as no other species of tarsiers responded to them.
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Females of this species typically give birth to one child per year. Reproduction does not appear to vary by season. Dian's tarsiers use infant parking.
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more regular sites. Sleeping sites are typically located on the boundary of the home range, possibly to renew the scent of animals on their territory.
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298:. Its head-body length is 11.5–12 centimetres (4.5–4.7 in) and it has a tail of 22 centimetres (8.7 in). Dian's tarsier lives in
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Dian's tarsier species is in decline. The lowest population density found in 1998 was the highest population density found in 2000-2001.
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903:"Relative Population Density of Tarsius diane in Man-Influenced Habitats of Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia"
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980:"Responding to forest degradation: altered habitat use by Dian's tarsier Tarsius dianae in Sulawesi, Indonesia"
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morning duet vocalization. The majority of duet calls are started by the female. The female starts with a high
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deteriorate the Dian's tarsier habitat. Other commercial avenues used on this land include: bamboo and
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716:"Habitat-specific ranging patterns of Dian's tarsiers (Tarsius dianae) as revealed by radiotracking"
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rapid series of notes. The pitch lowers towards the middle of the song where most commonly a
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Miller, GS; Hollister, N (1921). "Twenty new mammals collected by H.C.Raven in
Celebes".
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Yustian, Indra; Marker, Stefan; Supriatna, Jatna; Andayani, Noviar (2008).
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Dian's tarsier was named in 1991 in honor of the Roman goddess of hunting
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795:"Tarsius dianae: A New Primate Species from Central Sulawesi (Indonesia)"
652:"Tarsius dianae: A New Primate Species from Central Sulawesi (Indonesia)"
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569:(3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 127.
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Maintaining forest habitat by stopping illegal logging, practicing
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It is highly adapted to vertical clinging and leaping, like other
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Mammal
Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
927:
Merker, Stefan (2010), Gursky, Sharon; Supriatna, Jatna (eds.),
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Niemitz, C.; Nietsch, A.; Warter, S.; Rumpler, Y. (1991-02-14).
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Niemitz, C.; Nietsch, A.; Warter, S.; Rumpler, Y. (1991-02-14).
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First claimed as a new species by Miller and
Hollister in 1921.
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Merker, Stefan; Yustian, Indra; Mühlenberg, Michael (2005).
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In
Sulawesi, including in national parks such as the
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Proceedings of the
Biological Society of Washington
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929:"The Population Ecology of Dian's Tarsier"
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1144:images and movies of the diana tarsier
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1708:Taxa named by Gerrit Smith Miller Jr.
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851:International Journal of Primatology
612:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
260:, Nietsch, Water, and Rumpler, 1991
445:Dian's tarsier eats most commonly
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845:Nietsch, Alexandra (1999-08-01).
493:Adaptation to habitat degradation
1673:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
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1088:Global Ecology and Conservation
720:American Journal of Primatology
469:Reasons for habitat degradation
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52:in Morowali Nature Preserve,
941:10.1007/978-1-4419-1560-3_21
1713:Taxa named by Ned Hollister
1324:Gursky's spectral tarsier (
1109:10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01205
485:logging, and plantation of
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1683:Endemic fauna of Indonesia
1703:Mammals described in 1921
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1182:Extant species of family
997:10.1017/S0030605305000438
302:. It was formerly called
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1698:Vulnerable fauna of Asia
563:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.).
475:Lore Lindu National Park
340:Physical characteristics
863:10.1023/A:1020342807709
714:Merker, Stefan (2006).
907:Asian Primates Journal
1693:Primates of Indonesia
1632:Paleobiology Database
1360:Siau Island tarsier (
1264:Horsfield's tarsier (
619:: e.T21489A17977790.
278:), also known as the
239:Dian's tarsier range
1240:Philippine tarsier (
601:Shekelle, M (2020).
1688:Mammals of Sulawesi
1387:Niemitz's tarsier (
1369:Wallace's tarsier (
1326:T. spectrumgurskyae
1100:2020GEcoC..2401205S
1033:Folia Primatologica
933:Indonesian Primates
799:Folia Primatologica
656:Folia Primatologica
516:Nightly path length
404:This species shows
62:Conservation status
18:Dian's Tarsier
1378:Makassar tarsier (
1288:Spectral tarsier (
522:energy expenditure
406:sexually dimorphic
27:Species of primate
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1342:Sangihe tarsier (
1333:Jatna's tarsier (
1306:Lariang tarsier (
1045:10.1159/000052742
950:978-1-4419-1559-7
811:10.1159/000156534
732:10.1002/ajp.20210
668:10.1159/000156534
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363:Group composition
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280:Diana tarsier
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1266:Ce. bancanus
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1242:Ca. syrichta
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630:. Retrieved
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534:agroforestry
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461:Conservation
451:grasshoppers
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371:Reproduction
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49:
29:
1541:iNaturalist
1451:Wikispecies
1389:T. niemitzi
1371:T. wallacei
1299:T. dentatus
913:(1): 10–16.
632:12 November
393:Home ranges
334:Dian Fossey
324:Name origin
300:rainforests
290:to central
1667:Categories
1362:T. tumpara
1353:T. pumilus
1308:T. lariang
1290:T. tarsier
1220:Haplorhini
1218:Suborder:
1094:: e01205.
956:2022-04-11
540:References
507:Home range
487:cash crops
388:Home range
159:Haplorhini
155:Suborder:
77:Vulnerable
1380:T. fuscus
1194:Kingdom:
1184:Tarsiidae
1142:ARKive -
1126:224906001
1118:2351-9894
1053:1421-9980
1006:1365-3008
871:1573-8604
819:0015-5713
777:: 93–104.
740:0275-2565
676:1421-9980
434:shrubbery
304:T. dianae
296:Indonesia
284:nocturnal
222:Hollister
187:Species:
169:Tarsiidae
115:Kingdom:
109:Eukaryota
1678:Tarsiers
1645:Species+
1598:12100171
1478:BioLib:
1442:Q1194873
1436:Wikidata
1403:Category
1214:Primates
1208:Mammalia
1202:Chordata
1200:Phylum:
1196:Animalia
1069:37924028
1061:11155033
1014:55082297
748:16429421
585:62265494
559:(2005).
447:crickets
358:Behavior
315:tarsiers
292:Sulawesi
286:primate
245:Synonyms
165:Family:
149:Primates
139:Mammalia
129:Chordata
125:Phylum:
119:Animalia
105:Domain:
82:IUCN 3.1
1585:1000917
1533:4266947
1279:Tarsius
1231:Carlito
1212:Order:
1206:Class:
1096:Bibcode
879:8447419
827:1904387
756:1517567
684:1904387
498:Density
410:pitched
349:Habitat
288:endemic
282:, is a
258:Niemitz
180:Tarsius
175:Genus:
145:Order:
135:Class:
80: (
1637:238719
1624:712758
1611:449501
1559:944117
1520:126684
1494:708470
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573:
483:rattan
430:bamboo
254:dianae
224:, 1921
220:&
218:Miller
1572:21489
1546:75156
1507:54XZ7
1481:32092
1122:S2CID
1065:S2CID
1010:S2CID
875:S2CID
752:S2CID
455:moths
414:trill
330:Diana
1650:7535
1606:NCBI
1567:IUCN
1554:ITIS
1528:GBIF
1489:BOLD
1114:ISSN
1057:PMID
1049:ISSN
1002:ISSN
984:Oryx
945:ISBN
867:ISSN
823:PMID
815:ISSN
744:PMID
736:ISSN
680:PMID
672:ISSN
634:2021
617:2020
581:OCLC
571:ISBN
453:and
441:Diet
1593:MSW
1580:MDD
1515:EoL
1502:CoL
1466:ADW
1104:doi
1041:doi
992:doi
937:doi
859:doi
807:doi
728:doi
664:doi
621:doi
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
