3270:
2750:
38:
593:
1348:
1146:
as the tonic. With this method it is possible to generate six other scales or modes from each major scale. Another way to describe the same result would be to consider that, behind the diatonic scales, there exists an underlying diatonic system which is the series of diatonic notes without a
137:
178:(semitones) in each octave, in which the two half steps are separated from each other by either two or three whole steps, depending on their position in the scale. This pattern ensures that, in a diatonic scale spanning more than one octave, all the half steps are
366:
were diatonic. Depending on which of the seven notes of the diatonic scale you use as the beginning, the positions of the intervals fall at different distances from the starting tone (the "reference note"), producing seven different scales. One of these, the
984:. It uses the same sequence of notes as the corresponding major scale but starts from a different note. That is, it begins on the sixth degree of the major scale and proceeds step-by-step to the first octave of the sixth degree. A sequence of successive
1336:
of each of these scales (or of the system underlying them) is a valid example of the corresponding mode. In other words, transposition preserves mode. This is shown in the second column, with each mode transposed to start on C.
1116:
Besides the natural minor scale, five other kinds of scales can be obtained from the notes of a major scale, by simply choosing a different note as the starting note. All these scales meet the definition of diatonic scale.
1891:), and was done by alternating ascending fifths with descending fourths (equal to an ascending fifth followed by a descending octave), resulting in the notes of a pentatonic or heptatonic scale falling within an octave.
1147:
reference note; assigning the reference note in turn to each of the seven notes in each octave of the system produces seven diatonic scales, each characterized by a different interval sequence:
519:, he not only described six "natural" diatonic scales (still neglecting the seventh one with a diminished fifth above the reference note), but also six "transposed" ones, each including a B
354:, China, indicate the evolution over 1,200 years of flutes having 4, 5 and 6 holes to having 7 and 8 holes, the latter exhibiting striking similarity to diatonic hole spacings and sounds.
225:
are designed so that the white-key notes form a diatonic scale, though transpositions of this diatonic scale require one or more black keys. A diatonic scale can be also described as two
343:, the diatonic nature of the tuning system is demonstrated by the fact that it involves a series of six perfect fifths, which is a recipe for the construction of a diatonic scale.
2025:, with the horizontal axis showing the perfect fifths and the vertical axis the perfect major thirds. In the Tonnetz, the diatonic scale in just intonation appears as follows:
2059:
F–A, C–E and G–B, aligned vertically, are perfect major thirds; A–E–B and F–C–G–D are two series of perfect fifths. The notes of the top line, A, E and B, are lowered by the
1340:
The whole set of diatonic scales is commonly defined as the set composed of these seven natural-note scales, together with all of their possible transpositions. As discussed
2629:
1101:
The degrees of the natural minor scale, especially in a tonal context, have the same names as those of the major scale, except the seventh degree, which is known as the
278:, of uncertain etymology. Most likely, it refers to the intervals being "stretched out" in that tuning, in contrast to the other two genera (chromatic and enharmonic).
2570:
3157:
2403:
2719:
1985:≈ 1.122462, 200 cents). Equal temperament can be produced by a succession of tempered fifths, each of them with the ratio of 2 ≈ 1.498307, 700 cents.
1432:
Diatonic scales can be tuned variously, either by iteration of a perfect or tempered fifth, or by a combination of perfect fifths and perfect thirds (
564:
came to dominate until at least the start of the 20th century, partly because their intervallic patterns are suited to the reinforcement of a central
1424:(where G | A indicates the disjunction of tetrachords, always between G and A, and D = D indicates their conjunction, always on the common note D).
2094:. It was also mentioned by Zarlino in the 16th century and has been described by theorists in the 17th and 18th centuries as the "natural" scale.
1390:
formed two different tetrachords, the first consisting in a semitone between two tones, T–S–T, and the second of a semitone and two tones, S–T–T.
2682:
375:): it is probably for this reason that it was not used. Of the six remaining scales, two were described as corresponding to two others with a B
2003:
for a meantone temperament commonly used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and sometimes after, which produces perfect major thirds.
1401:
each formed of a semitone between tones, T–S–T. It viewed other diatonic scales as differently overlapping disjunct and conjunct tetrachords:
632:
scale. These could be transposed not only to include one flat in the signature (as described by
Glarean), but to all twelve notes of the
3502:
2091:
4174:
442:
As a result, medieval theory described the church modes as corresponding to four diatonic scales only (two of which had the variable B
2621:
2606:
121:
339:
inscriptions that contain both musical compositions and a tuning system. Despite the conjectural nature of reconstructions of the
289:
which, although sometimes called "diatonic", do not fulfill the condition of maximal separation of the semitones indicated above.
3376:
3363:
3150:
1963:
Equal temperament is the division of the octave in twelve equal semitones. The frequency ratio of the semitone then becomes the
3731:
2529:
2410:
55:
3330:
3314:
2712:
102:
59:
600:
is based on the interval patterns of the diatonic scale. Any sequence of seven successive white keys plays a diatonic scale.
74:
268:
1393:
The medieval conception of the tetrachordal structure, however, was based on one single tetrachord, that of the D scale,
140:
4327:
3249:
3143:
2662:
2324:
643:
originated as a diatonic keyboard with only white keys. The black keys were progressively added for several purposes:
81:
1142:
by
Glarean. It is one of the seven modern modes. From any major scale, a new scale is obtained by taking a different
2749:
4322:
3293:
48:
4204:
2705:
2587:
2422:
88:
3981:
569:
3928:
3697:
3894:
902:
The eight degrees of the scale are also known by traditional names, especially when used in a tonal context:
4261:
4020:
3956:
3636:
3497:
3177:
2559:
3269:
1454:
If the scale is produced by the iteration of six perfect fifths, for instance F–C–G–D–A–E–B, the result is
1328:(i.e. neither sharps nor flats, also called "white-notes", as they can be played using the white keys of a
657:
The pattern of elementary intervals forming the diatonic scale can be represented either by the letters T (
628:). To these may be added the seventh diatonic scale, with a diminished fifth above the reference note, the
70:
4167:
4015:
3977:
3967:
3661:
3254:
3212:
3182:
2658:
A Model for
Pattern Perception with Musical Applications Part I: Pitch Structures as order-preserving maps
2329:
2000:
1341:
306:
259:
3124:
The table indicates the number of sharps or flats in each scale. Minor scales are written in lower case.
525:, resulting in the total of twelve scales that justified the title of his treatise. These were the 6 non-
4061:
4056:
4048:
3987:
3641:
3626:
3621:
3552:
3447:
2375:
2344:
1333:
218:
2679:
4281:
4276:
3656:
3573:
3477:
3472:
3356:
3325:
3309:
2462:
1994:
1888:
1131:
The whole collection of diatonic scales as defined above can be divided into seven different scales.
322:
3962:
2657:
1999:
The fifths could be tempered more than in equal temperament, in order to produce better thirds. See
4066:
3890:
3724:
3559:
3492:
3298:
3278:
3242:
3217:
2575:
1964:
1351:
4246:
3566:
3507:
3187:
3166:
2507:
2488:
1455:
1449:
581:
573:
230:
143:
4160:
3803:
3585:
2644:
2617:
2602:
2516:
2480:
2349:
2339:
2312:
1958:
347:
4291:
4214:
4199:
4122:
4110:
4104:
3952:
3944:
3863:
3858:
3848:
3646:
3527:
3487:
3452:
3401:
3320:
3288:
3197:
2653:
2512:
2470:
2453:
2334:
1437:
934:
640:
504:
372:
222:
179:
167:
95:
665:) respectively. With this abbreviation, a major scale, for instance, can be represented as
4241:
4231:
4219:
4140:
4134:
4128:
4116:
4086:
3915:
3838:
3813:
3808:
3798:
3780:
3522:
3512:
3457:
3437:
3411:
3349:
3259:
3207:
3073:
2686:
2419:
ICONEA 2008: Proceedings of the
International Conference of Near Eastern Archaeomusicology
2012:
1946:
1433:
1257:
988:
starting from A is an example of a natural minor scale, called the A natural minor scale.
633:
613:
467:
198:
2585:
Gould, Mark (2000). "Balzano and
Zweifel: Another Look at Generalised Diatonic Scales",
2466:
647:
improving the consonances, mainly the thirds, by providing a major third on each degree;
4098:
4038:
4030:
4010:
4002:
3972:
3757:
3748:
3717:
3543:
3517:
3467:
3442:
3232:
3227:
3202:
2447:
Zhang, Juzhong; Harbottle, Garman; Wang, Changsui; Kong, Zhaochen (23 September 1999).
2060:
2018:
1371:. For example, under this view the two tetrachord structures of C major would be:
1329:
1143:
705:
700:
higher. The pattern of seven intervals separating the eight notes is T–T–S–T–T–T–S. In
597:
302:
298:
282:
251:
190:
556:
was established, describing additional possible transpositions of the diatonic scale.
4316:
4301:
4092:
3992:
3924:
3905:
3868:
3770:
3651:
3631:
3462:
3372:
3098:
3061:
3051:
3016:
3006:
2971:
2931:
2896:
2772:
2731:
2614:
Foundations of
Diatonic Theory: A Mathematically Based Approach to Music Fundamentals
2492:
2414:
1215:
952:
909:
621:
565:
549:
515:
459:
340:
286:
255:
194:
186:
1138:
use the same interval sequence T–T–S–T–T–T–S. This interval sequence was called the
4296:
4271:
4266:
4226:
3934:
3920:
3853:
3843:
3740:
3192:
3088:
3078:
3041:
3031:
2996:
2986:
2956:
2946:
2911:
2876:
2846:
2767:
2308:
1975:
1905:
1325:
1302:
1278:
1126:
1106:
985:
981:
946:
713:
693:
629:
625:
529:
526:
475:
402:
398:
368:
363:
214:
159:
17:
2627:
Kilmer, A. D. (1971) "The
Discovery of an Ancient Mesopotamian Theory of Music'".
2449:"Oldest playable musical instruments found at Jiahu early Neolithic site in China"
2370:
1945:
Extending the series of fifths to eleven fifths would result into the
Pythagorean
568:. Some church modes survived into the early 18th century, as well as appearing in
4286:
4251:
4236:
3910:
3900:
3886:
3833:
3790:
3775:
3765:
3692:
3687:
3677:
3616:
3432:
3427:
3396:
3391:
3237:
3222:
2784:
2779:
2735:
2073:, and the "wolf" fifth D–A is too narrow by the same amount. The tritone F–B is
1283:
1236:
1194:
1175:
1135:
977:
971:
928:
689:
685:
679:
617:
609:
605:
561:
557:
553:
479:
463:
455:
427:
423:
234:
202:
37:
2692:
3682:
3482:
1368:
1364:
940:
916:
701:
658:
226:
171:
1436:), or possibly by a combination of fifths and thirds of various sizes, as in
1344:, different definitions of this set are sometimes adopted in the literature.
1978:). The tone is the sum of two semitone. Its ratio is the sixth root of two (
592:
336:
332:
310:
175:
2697:
2484:
2421:. Vol. 24. London: Iconea Publications. pp. 11–22. Archived from
2648:
4256:
4183:
1102:
662:
246:
238:
3341:
604:
Of
Glarean's six natural scales, three have a major third/first triad: (
281:
This article does not concern alternative seven-note scales such as the
4194:
3607:
3108:
2966:
2926:
2921:
2891:
2886:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2805:
2800:
2087:
2022:
1909:
1894:
Six of the "fifth" intervals (C–G, D–A, E–B, F–C', G–D', A–E') are all
922:
717:
537:
533:
493:
483:
471:
435:
431:
410:
406:
426:
whose reference notes are C and F, respectively, corresponding to the
401:
whose reference notes are A and D, respectively, corresponding to the
3135:
2641:
Sounds from
Silence: Recent Discoveries in Ancient Near Eastern Music
956:
697:
2096:
3598:
2533:
2475:
2448:
1346:
591:
351:
328:
1379:
each tetrachord being formed of two tones and a semitone, T–T–S,
2371:"The Musical Instruments from Ur and Ancient Mesopotamian Music"
1347:
577:
313:
relationships created by this system of organizing seven notes.
205:
can be obtained from a stack of perfect fifths starting from F:
4156:
3713:
3345:
3139:
2701:
2643:, Volume 1. 1976, Bit Enki Publications, Berkeley, California.
2639:
Kilmer, Anne Draffkorn; Crocker, Richard L.; Brown, Robert R.:
2540:
The book title is of 2nd edition; the 1st edition was entitled
1113:(semitone) below the tonic, as is the case in the major scale.
692:
is one of the diatonic scales. It is made up of seven distinct
182:
from each other (i.e. separated by at least two whole steps).
31:
2307:
Since the frequency ratios are based on simple powers of the
653:
and helping musicians to find their bearings on the keyboard.
2748:
4152:
2597:
Ellen Hickmann, Anne D. Kilmer and Ricardo Eichmann, (ed.)
990:
722:
273:
2571:
Diatonic Music in Greece: a Reassessment of its Antiquity
142:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
636:, resulting in a total of eighty-four diatonic scales.
371:, has no pure fifth above its reference note (B–F is a
2542:
The Musicology and Organology of the Ancient Near East
1959:
Equal temperament § Twelve-tone equal temperament
189:
of any diatonic scale can also be obtained by using a
1109:
is generally reserved for seventh degrees that are a
1105:
because it is a whole step below the tonic. The term
716:
starting from C is an example of major scale, called
1324:
The first column examples shown above are formed by
492:
was substituted into the Dorian and Lydian modes of
4079:
4047:
4029:
4001:
3943:
3877:
3826:
3789:
3756:
3747:
3706:
3670:
3536:
3420:
3384:
3277:
650:
allowing all twelve transpositions described above;
62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1932:= 1.125 (203.91 cents) and diatonic semitones are
2630:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
2557:Clough, John (1979). "Aspects of Diatonic Sets",
335:used a version of the diatonic scale is found in
513:had to be the result of a transposition. In his
309:) is based on the diatonic scale and the unique
976:For each major scale, there is a corresponding
2535:The Archaeomusicology of the Ancient Near East
1887:This tuning dates to Ancient Mesopotamia (see
1363:A diatonic scale can be also described as two
696:, plus an eighth that duplicates the first an
507:considered that the modal scales including a B
4168:
3725:
3357:
3151:
2713:
1922:= 1.423828125 (611.73 cents). Tones are each
8:
391:A–B–C–D–E–F–G–A was described as D–E–F–G–A–B
2017:Just intonation often is represented using
4175:
4161:
4153:
3753:
3732:
3718:
3710:
3364:
3350:
3342:
3158:
3144:
3136:
2720:
2706:
2698:
2689:, Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove of Music
2601:, 2001, VML Verlag Marie Leidorf, Germany
2404:"New Light on the Babylonian Tonal System"
2474:
362:The scales corresponding to the medieval
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
2758:
2744:
2086:This tuning has been first described by
2027:
1889:Music of Mesopotamia § Music theory
1460:
1149:
416:C–D–E–F–G–A–B–C was described as F–G–A–B
2517:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.14944
2361:
258:of the ancient Greeks, and comes from
27:Class of music scales with seven notes
2771:
2766:
2761:
1382:and the natural minor of A would be:
221:thereof, is a diatonic scale. Modern
7:
60:adding citations to reliable sources
2538:. London: Tadema Press. p. 18.
2505:Meeùs, Nicolas (2001). "Keyboard."
2311:2, 3, and 5, this is also known as
704:, the syllables used to name each
552:period, the notion of the musical
25:
217:, such as C–D–E–F–G–A–B, and any
213:Any sequence of seven successive
3268:
2693:The diatonic scale on the guitar
2599:Studies in Music Archaeology III
2092:Ptolemy's intense diatonic scale
36:
2369:Kilmer, Anne Draffkorn (1998).
1359:Diatonic scales and tetrachords
616:), and three have a minor one:
47:needs additional citations for
3331:Structure implies multiplicity
3315:Generic and specific intervals
2762:
1908:), but B–F' is the discordant
1420:C scale: C–D = D–E–F–G | A–B–C
1417:B scale: B–C–D = D–E–F–G | A–B
1414:A scale: A–B–C–D = D–E–F–G | A
1411:G scale: G | A–B–C–D = D–E–F–G
1408:F scale: F–G | A–B–C–D = D–E–F
1405:E scale: E–F–G | A–B–C–D = D–E
237:classifies diatonic scales as
229:separated by a whole tone. In
201:pitch classes that form the C-
1:
1311:
1308:
1290:
1287:
1266:
1263:
1245:
1242:
1224:
1221:
1203:
1200:
1185:
1182:
274:
139:
2663:Mathematical Systems Theory
2569:Franklin, John C. (2002). "
2325:Circle of fifths text table
1354:of the modern musical modes
712:. A sequence of successive
250:originally referred to the
4344:
3503:Ptolemy's intense diatonic
3294:Cardinality equals variety
2616:. Key College Publishing.
2010:
1992:
1956:
1447:
1124:
969:
677:
320:
263:
197:. For instance, the seven
4205:Consonance and dissonance
4190:
3266:
3173:
3123:
3072:
3027:
2982:
2942:
2907:
2872:
2842:
2817:
2796:
2791:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2742:
2612:Johnson, Timothy (2003).
2588:Perspectives of New Music
1942:≈ 1.0535 (90.225 cents).
1188:
3982:descending melodic major
3929:descending melodic minor
2402:Crickmore, Leon (2010).
1167:Example with white keys
1134:As explained above, all
710:Do–Re–Mi–Fa–Sol–La–Ti–Do
548:By the beginning of the
454:). They were the modern
4262:Otonality and utonality
3957:ascending melodic minor
3895:ascending melodic major
3178:All-interval tetrachord
2685:9 December 2015 at the
2560:Journal of Music Theory
2519:. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
2222:interval between notes
1802:interval between notes
1576:bring into main octave
980:, sometimes called its
297:Western music from the
144:download the audio file
3968:Lydian augmented (III)
3741:Modes in Western music
3183:All-trichord hexachord
2754:
2330:Diatonic and chromatic
2001:quarter-comma meantone
1444:Iteration of the fifth
1355:
1159:Starting note relative
601:
307:common practice period
174:(whole tones) and two
4049:Double harmonic scale
4021:Phrygian dominant (V)
4016:Ukrainian Dorian (IV)
3301:(Deep scale property)
2752:
2345:Piano key frequencies
1680:sort into note order
1350:
1318:C–D♭–E♭–F–G♭–A♭–B♭–C
1170:Example with tonic C
595:
422:–C–D–E–F (the modern
4282:Schenkerian analysis
4277:Progressive tonality
4062:Hungarian minor (IV)
3988:Half diminished (VI)
3978:Aeolian dominant (V)
3574:17 equal temperament
3326:Rothenberg propriety
3310:Generated collection
3233:Pitch-interval class
2530:Dumbrill, Richard J.
1995:Meantone temperament
1989:Meantone temperament
1352:Pitch constellations
1231:C–D♭–E♭–F–G–A♭–B♭–C
323:Music of Mesopotamia
56:improve this article
4328:Diatonic set theory
4057:Double harmonic (I)
3317:(Myhill's property)
3250:Similarity relation
2467:1999Natur.401..366Z
1965:twelfth root of two
1297:C–D–E♭–F–G–A♭–B♭–C
1284:Natural minor scale
978:natural minor scale
966:Natural minor scale
782:Degrees in solfège:
346:The 9,000-year-old
254:, one of the three
180:maximally separated
170:that includes five
153:Diatonic scale on C
18:Diatonic collection
4220:Secondary function
4039:Harmonic major (I)
4011:Harmonic minor (I)
3508:Scale of harmonics
3167:Musical set theory
2755:
2508:Grove Music Online
2428:on 13 January 2016
1456:Pythagorean tuning
1450:Pythagorean tuning
1356:
1210:C–D–E♭–F–G–A–B♭–C
1164:Interval sequence
1050:Interval sequence:
851:Interval sequence:
602:
582:chord-scale system
574:20th-century music
327:Evidence that the
231:musical set theory
4323:Heptatonic scales
4310:
4309:
4215:Diatonic function
4150:
4149:
4075:
4074:
3822:
3821:
3611:
3602:
3588:
3586:Escala nordestina
3576:
3569:
3562:
3555:
3498:Phrygian dominant
3339:
3338:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3119:
3118:
2461:(6751): 366–368.
2411:Dumbrill, Richard
2350:Prehistoric music
2340:Musical acoustics
2313:five-limit tuning
2305:
2304:
2057:
2056:
1953:Equal temperament
1885:
1884:
1709:interval above C
1322:
1321:
1273:C–D–E–F–G–A–B♭–C
1252:C–D–E–F♯–G–A–B–C
1099:
1098:
997:Notes in A minor:
900:
899:
729:Notes in C major:
708:of the scale are
397:–C–D (the modern
369:one starting on B
303:late 19th century
272:
223:musical keyboards
148:
132:
131:
124:
106:
16:(Redirected from
4335:
4292:Tonality diamond
4200:Circle of fifths
4177:
4170:
4163:
4154:
3754:
3734:
3727:
3720:
3711:
3662:Ukrainian Dorian
3605:
3596:
3584:
3572:
3565:
3558:
3551:
3438:Diminished scale
3366:
3359:
3352:
3343:
3321:Maximal evenness
3272:
3160:
3153:
3146:
3137:
3114:
3113:
3104:
3103:
3094:
3093:
3084:
3083:
3067:
3066:
3057:
3056:
3047:
3046:
3037:
3036:
3022:
3021:
3012:
3011:
3002:
3001:
2992:
2991:
2977:
2976:
2962:
2961:
2952:
2951:
2937:
2936:
2917:
2916:
2902:
2901:
2882:
2881:
2852:
2851:
2764:
2759:
2753:Circle of fifths
2745:
2722:
2715:
2708:
2699:
2654:David Rothenberg
2545:
2539:
2526:
2520:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2478:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2427:
2408:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2366:
2335:History of music
2301:
2300:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2150:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2097:
2090:and is known as
2082:
2081:
2077:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2028:
1984:
1983:
1974:≈ 1.059463, 100
1973:
1972:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1461:
1438:well temperament
1332:). However, any
1315:B–C–D–E–F–G–A–B
1294:A–B–C–D–E–F–G–A
1270:G–A–B–C–D–E–F–G
1249:F–G–A–B–C–D–E–F
1228:E–F–G–A–B–C–D–E
1207:D–E–F–G–A–B–C–D
1189:C–D–E–F–G–A–B–C
1150:
991:
723:
641:musical keyboard
524:
523:
512:
511:
505:Heinrich Glarean
496:, respectively.
491:
490:
453:
452:
447:
446:
438:, respectively).
421:
420:
396:
395:
386:
385:
380:
379:
373:diminished fifth
277:
267:
265:
168:heptatonic scale
127:
120:
116:
113:
107:
105:
71:"Diatonic scale"
64:
40:
32:
21:
4343:
4342:
4338:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4313:
4312:
4311:
4306:
4242:Major and minor
4232:Just intonation
4186:
4181:
4151:
4146:
4080:Number of tones
4071:
4043:
4025:
3997:
3939:
3873:
3818:
3785:
3743:
3738:
3702:
3666:
3627:Hungarian minor
3622:Hungarian major
3553:Double harmonic
3532:
3523:Synthetic scale
3448:Double harmonic
3416:
3380:
3370:
3340:
3335:
3280:
3273:
3264:
3208:Interval vector
3169:
3164:
3134:
3129:
3111:
3110:
3101:
3100:
3091:
3090:
3081:
3080:
3064:
3063:
3054:
3053:
3044:
3043:
3034:
3033:
3019:
3018:
3009:
3008:
2999:
2998:
2989:
2988:
2974:
2973:
2959:
2958:
2949:
2948:
2934:
2933:
2914:
2913:
2899:
2898:
2879:
2878:
2849:
2848:
2738:
2726:
2687:Wayback Machine
2676:
2554:
2552:Further reading
2549:
2548:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2504:
2500:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2406:
2401:
2400:
2396:
2386:
2384:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2358:
2321:
2298:
2294:
2293:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2276:
2272:
2271:
2265:
2261:
2260:
2254:
2250:
2249:
2243:
2239:
2238:
2232:
2228:
2227:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2192:
2188:
2187:
2181:
2177:
2176:
2170:
2166:
2165:
2159:
2155:
2154:
2148:
2144:
2143:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2079:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2065:
2064:
2015:
2013:Just intonation
2009:
2007:Just intonation
1997:
1991:
1981:
1979:
1970:
1968:
1961:
1955:
1947:chromatic scale
1938:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1914:
1913:
1904:= 1.5 (701.955
1900:
1896:
1895:
1878:
1874:
1873:
1867:
1863:
1862:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1794:
1790:
1789:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1761:
1757:
1756:
1750:
1746:
1745:
1739:
1735:
1734:
1728:
1724:
1723:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1650:
1646:
1645:
1639:
1635:
1634:
1628:
1624:
1623:
1617:
1613:
1612:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1595:
1591:
1590:
1584:
1580:
1579:
1566:
1562:
1561:
1555:
1551:
1550:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1511:
1507:
1506:
1500:
1496:
1495:
1452:
1446:
1434:Just intonation
1430:
1367:separated by a
1361:
1161:to major scale
1160:
1129:
1123:
974:
968:
682:
676:
634:chromatic scale
590:
546:
521:
520:
509:
508:
502:
488:
487:
450:
449:
444:
443:
418:
417:
413:, respectively)
393:
392:
383:
382:
377:
376:
360:
325:
319:
295:
156:
155:
154:
151:
150:
149:
147:
128:
117:
111:
108:
65:
63:
53:
41:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4341:
4339:
4331:
4330:
4325:
4315:
4314:
4308:
4307:
4305:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4223:
4222:
4212:
4210:Diatonic scale
4207:
4202:
4197:
4191:
4188:
4187:
4182:
4180:
4179:
4172:
4165:
4157:
4148:
4147:
4145:
4144:
4138:
4132:
4126:
4120:
4114:
4108:
4102:
4096:
4090:
4083:
4081:
4077:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4070:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4053:
4051:
4045:
4044:
4042:
4041:
4035:
4033:
4031:Harmonic major
4027:
4026:
4024:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4007:
4005:
4003:Harmonic minor
3999:
3998:
3996:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3963:Dorian ♭2 (II)
3960:
3953:Jazz minor (I)
3949:
3947:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3937:
3932:
3918:
3916:Mixolydian (V)
3913:
3908:
3906:Phrygian (III)
3903:
3898:
3883:
3881:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3830:
3828:
3824:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3814:Hypomixolydian
3811:
3806:
3801:
3795:
3793:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3762:
3760:
3751:
3745:
3744:
3739:
3737:
3736:
3729:
3722:
3714:
3708:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3667:
3665:
3664:
3659:
3657:Romanian major
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3613:
3612:
3603:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3579:
3578:
3577:
3570:
3563:
3556:
3546:
3540:
3538:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3518:Synthetic mode
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3478:Harmonic minor
3475:
3473:Harmonic major
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3443:Distance model
3440:
3435:
3430:
3424:
3422:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3381:
3373:Musical scales
3371:
3369:
3368:
3361:
3354:
3346:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3312:
3307:
3305:Diatonic scale
3302:
3296:
3291:
3285:
3283:
3275:
3274:
3267:
3265:
3263:
3262:
3257:
3255:Transformation
3252:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3235:
3230:
3228:Pitch interval
3225:
3220:
3215:
3213:Multiplication
3210:
3205:
3203:Interval class
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3163:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3140:
3131:
3130:
3126:
3125:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3106:
3096:
3086:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3059:
3049:
3039:
3029:
3025:
3024:
3014:
3004:
2994:
2984:
2980:
2979:
2969:
2964:
2954:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2909:
2905:
2904:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2874:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2844:
2840:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2815:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2756:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2717:
2710:
2702:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2680:Diatonic Scale
2675:
2674:External links
2672:
2671:
2670:
2651:
2637:
2625:
2610:
2595:
2583:
2567:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2521:
2498:
2439:
2415:Finkel, Irving
2394:
2360:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2320:
2317:
2303:
2302:
2291:
2280:
2269:
2258:
2247:
2236:
2225:
2223:
2219:
2218:
2207:
2196:
2185:
2174:
2163:
2152:
2141:
2130:
2126:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2061:syntonic comma
2055:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2019:Leonhard Euler
2011:Main article:
2008:
2005:
1993:Main article:
1990:
1987:
1957:Main article:
1954:
1951:
1883:
1882:
1871:
1860:
1849:
1838:
1827:
1816:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1787:
1776:
1765:
1754:
1743:
1732:
1721:
1710:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1643:
1632:
1621:
1610:
1599:
1588:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1559:
1548:
1537:
1526:
1515:
1504:
1493:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1448:Main article:
1445:
1442:
1429:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1399:
1398:
1388:
1387:
1377:
1376:
1360:
1357:
1330:piano keyboard
1320:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1312:S–T–T–S–T–T–T
1310:
1307:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1291:T–S–T–T–S–T–T
1289:
1286:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1267:T–T–S–T–T–S–T
1265:
1262:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1246:T–T–T–S–T–T–S
1244:
1241:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1225:S–T–T–T–S–T–T
1223:
1220:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1204:T–S–T–T–T–S–T
1202:
1199:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1186:T–T–S–T–T–T–S
1184:
1181:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1157:
1156:Also known as
1154:
1125:Main article:
1122:
1119:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
982:relative minor
970:Main article:
967:
964:
963:
962:
961:
960:
949:
943:
937:
931:
925:
919:
913:
898:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
864:
861:
858:
855:
852:
849:
845:
844:
839:
836:
831:
828:
823:
820:
815:
812:
807:
804:
799:
796:
791:
788:
783:
780:
776:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
678:Main article:
675:
672:
671:
670:
655:
654:
651:
648:
598:piano keyboard
589:
586:
545:
542:
501:
498:
440:
439:
414:
381:instead of a B
359:
356:
321:Main article:
318:
315:
294:
291:
283:harmonic minor
252:diatonic genus
211:
210:
195:perfect fifths
164:diatonic scale
152:
141:
138:
136:
135:
134:
133:
130:
129:
44:
42:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4340:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4303:
4302:Voice leading
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4221:
4218:
4217:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4192:
4189:
4185:
4178:
4173:
4171:
4166:
4164:
4159:
4158:
4155:
4142:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4109:
4106:
4103:
4100:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4078:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4050:
4046:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4034:
4032:
4028:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4004:
4000:
3994:
3993:Altered (VII)
3991:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3973:Acoustic (IV)
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3948:
3946:
3942:
3936:
3935:Locrian (VII)
3933:
3930:
3926:
3925:natural minor
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3892:
3891:natural major
3888:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3880:
3876:
3870:
3869:Reciting tone
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3825:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3792:
3788:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3759:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3735:
3730:
3728:
3723:
3721:
3716:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3705:
3699:
3698:Bohlen–Pierce
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3669:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3642:Jewish nusach
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3610:
3609:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3587:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3575:
3571:
3568:
3564:
3561:
3560:Major Locrian
3557:
3554:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3537:Ethnic origin
3535:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3493:Major Locrian
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3463:Flamenco mode
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3419:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3378:
3374:
3367:
3362:
3360:
3355:
3353:
3348:
3347:
3344:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3276:
3271:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3172:
3168:
3161:
3156:
3154:
3149:
3147:
3142:
3141:
3138:
3122:
3115:
3107:
3105:
3097:
3095:
3087:
3085:
3077:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3060:
3058:
3050:
3048:
3040:
3038:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3015:
3013:
3005:
3003:
2995:
2993:
2985:
2981:
2978:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2955:
2953:
2945:
2941:
2938:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2910:
2906:
2903:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2875:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2845:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2795:
2786:
2781:
2777:
2774:
2769:
2760:
2757:
2751:
2747:
2746:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2730:
2723:
2718:
2716:
2711:
2709:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2659:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2626:
2623:
2622:1-930190-80-8
2619:
2615:
2611:
2608:
2607:3-89646-640-2
2604:
2600:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2572:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2531:
2525:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2509:
2502:
2499:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2477:
2476:10.1038/43865
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2443:
2440:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2405:
2398:
2395:
2382:
2378:
2377:
2372:
2365:
2362:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2309:prime numbers
2292:
2281:
2270:
2259:
2248:
2237:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2208:
2197:
2186:
2175:
2164:
2153:
2142:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2089:
2084:
2062:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2014:
2006:
2004:
2002:
1996:
1988:
1986:
1977:
1966:
1960:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1943:
1911:
1907:
1892:
1890:
1872:
1861:
1850:
1839:
1828:
1817:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1788:
1777:
1766:
1755:
1744:
1733:
1722:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1658:
1655:
1644:
1633:
1622:
1611:
1600:
1589:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1560:
1549:
1538:
1527:
1516:
1505:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1451:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1427:
1425:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1358:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1343:
1338:
1335:
1334:transposition
1331:
1327:
1326:natural notes
1317:
1314:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1293:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1248:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
992:
989:
987:
986:natural notes
983:
979:
973:
965:
958:
954:
950:
948:
944:
942:
938:
936:
932:
930:
926:
924:
920:
918:
914:
911:
907:
906:
905:
904:
903:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
847:
846:
843:
840:
837:
835:
832:
829:
827:
824:
821:
819:
816:
813:
811:
808:
805:
803:
800:
797:
795:
792:
789:
787:
784:
781:
778:
777:
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
749:
746:
743:
740:
737:
734:
731:
728:
725:
724:
721:
719:
715:
714:natural notes
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
681:
673:
669:T–T–S–T–T–T–S
668:
667:
666:
664:
660:
652:
649:
646:
645:
644:
642:
637:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
599:
594:
587:
585:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
543:
541:
539:
535:
531:
528:
518:
517:
516:Dodecachordon
506:
499:
497:
495:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
437:
433:
429:
425:
415:
412:
408:
404:
403:Aeolian modes
400:
399:Aeolian modes
390:
389:
388:
374:
370:
365:
357:
355:
353:
349:
344:
342:
341:Hurrian songs
338:
334:
330:
324:
316:
314:
312:
308:
304:
300:
292:
290:
288:
287:melodic minor
284:
279:
276:
270:
261:
260:Ancient Greek
257:
253:
249:
248:
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
219:transposition
216:
215:natural notes
209:F–C–G–D–A–E–B
208:
207:
206:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
183:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
145:
126:
123:
115:
104:
101:
97:
94:
90:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73: –
72:
68:
67:Find sources:
61:
57:
51:
50:
45:This article
43:
39:
34:
33:
30:
19:
4297:Tonicization
4272:Polytonality
4267:Parallel key
4227:Figured bass
4209:
4067:Oriental (V)
3921:Aeolian (VI)
3878:
3804:Hypophrygian
3606:
3597:
3567:Quarter tone
3406:
3385:Main Western
3304:
3193:Forte number
2728:
2666:
2661:
2640:
2633:
2628:
2613:
2598:
2591:
2586:
2579:
2574:
2563:
2558:
2541:
2534:
2524:
2506:
2501:
2458:
2452:
2442:
2430:. Retrieved
2423:the original
2418:
2397:
2385:. Retrieved
2380:
2374:
2364:
2306:
2085:
2058:
2016:
1998:
1962:
1944:
1893:
1886:
1453:
1431:
1423:
1400:
1392:
1389:
1381:
1378:
1362:
1339:
1323:
1180:Major scale
1139:
1136:major scales
1133:
1130:
1127:Mode (music)
1115:
1110:
1107:leading tone
1100:
975:
947:Leading tone
901:
841:
833:
825:
817:
809:
801:
793:
785:
709:
683:
656:
638:
603:
562:minor scales
547:
514:
503:
441:
428:Ionian modes
424:Ionian modes
364:church modes
361:
345:
326:
311:hierarchical
296:
280:
245:
243:
212:
184:
163:
160:music theory
157:
118:
109:
99:
92:
85:
78:
66:
54:Please help
49:verification
46:
29:
4287:Sonata form
4252:Neotonality
3911:Lydian (IV)
3901:Dorian (II)
3859:Hypolocrian
3849:Hypoaeolian
3421:Other types
3299:Common tone
3223:Pitch class
3218:Permutation
2432:29 December
2387:29 December
2083:≈ 1.40625.
1365:tetrachords
1140:Ionian mode
972:Minor scale
929:Subdominant
690:Ionian mode
686:major scale
680:Major scale
674:Major scale
639:The modern
596:The modern
500:Renaissance
474:, plus the
358:Middle Ages
333:Babylonians
299:Middle Ages
235:Allen Forte
227:tetrachords
203:major scale
172:whole steps
4317:Categories
4247:Modulation
4123:Heptatonic
4111:Pentatonic
4105:Tetratonic
3945:Jazz minor
3887:Ionian (I)
3864:Pentatonic
3839:Hypoionian
3809:Hypolydian
3799:Hypodorian
3781:Mixolydian
3671:Non-octave
3647:Neapolitan
3528:Whole tone
3488:Jazz minor
3453:Enharmonic
3402:Pentatonic
3281:set theory
3260:Z-relation
3188:Complement
2383:(2): 12–19
2376:Expedition
2356:References
1369:whole tone
1258:Mixolydian
941:Submediant
917:Supertonic
912:(key note)
614:Mixolydian
468:Mixolydian
301:until the
275:diatonikós
264:διατονικός
185:The seven
176:half steps
82:newspapers
4141:Chromatic
4135:Decatonic
4129:Octatonic
4117:Hexatonic
4087:Monotonic
3758:Authentic
3749:Gregorian
3513:Symmetric
3458:Enigmatic
3412:Chromatic
2656:(1978). "
2649:463314183
2636::131–149.
2576:Mnemosyne
2493:205033636
1342:elsewhere
1111:half step
661:) and S (
570:classical
482:modes of
470:modes of
350:found in
337:cuneiform
329:Sumerians
317:Antiquity
269:romanized
244:The term
112:June 2013
4257:Ostinato
4184:Tonality
4099:Tritonic
3879:Diatonic
3771:Phrygian
3637:Japanese
3593:Gamelan
3544:Algerian
3468:Harmonic
3407:Diatonic
3289:Bisector
3279:Diatonic
3198:Identity
3112:♯
3102:♯
3092:♭
3082:♭
3065:♯
3055:♯
3045:♭
3035:♭
3020:♯
3010:♯
3000:♭
2990:♭
2975:♯
2960:♭
2950:♭
2935:♯
2915:♭
2900:♯
2880:♭
2850:♭
2729:Diatonic
2683:Archived
2669::199–234
2582::669–702
2532:(1998).
2485:16862110
2417:(eds.).
2319:See also
1216:Phrygian
1103:subtonic
935:Dominant
663:semitone
622:Phrygian
522:♭
510:♭
489:♭
460:Phrygian
451:♭
445:♮
419:♭
394:♭
384:♮
378:♭
247:diatonic
239:set form
4195:Cadence
4093:Ditonic
3854:Locrian
3844:Aeolian
3652:Persian
3632:Istrian
3608:Slendro
3581:Brazil
3548:Arabic
2594::88–105
2566::45–61.
2463:Bibcode
2297:⁄
2286:⁄
2275:⁄
2264:⁄
2253:⁄
2242:⁄
2231:⁄
2213:⁄
2202:⁄
2191:⁄
2180:⁄
2169:⁄
2158:⁄
2147:⁄
2136:⁄
2088:Ptolemy
2078:⁄
2068:⁄
2023:Tonnetz
1980:√
1969:√
1937:⁄
1927:⁄
1917:⁄
1912:, here
1910:tritone
1899:⁄
1877:⁄
1866:⁄
1855:⁄
1844:⁄
1833:⁄
1822:⁄
1811:⁄
1793:⁄
1782:⁄
1771:⁄
1760:⁄
1749:⁄
1738:⁄
1727:⁄
1716:⁄
1649:⁄
1638:⁄
1627:⁄
1616:⁄
1605:⁄
1594:⁄
1583:⁄
1565:⁄
1554:⁄
1543:⁄
1532:⁄
1521:⁄
1510:⁄
1499:⁄
1303:Locrian
1279:Aeolian
1095:
923:Mediant
896:
720:scale.
718:C-major
702:solfège
630:Locrian
626:Aeolian
550:Baroque
538:F major
534:C major
527:Locrian
494:C major
484:F major
476:Aeolian
472:C major
436:F major
432:C major
411:F major
407:C major
293:History
285:or the
271::
199:natural
193:of six
187:pitches
166:is any
96:scholar
3834:Ionian
3791:Plagal
3776:Lydian
3766:Dorian
2792:minor
2789:Major
2773:Sharps
2732:scales
2647:
2620:
2605:
2491:
2483:
2454:Nature
2129:pitch
2100:notes
1492:pitch
1428:Tuning
1237:Lydian
1195:Dorian
1176:Ionian
1144:degree
1089:
1083:
1077:
1071:
1065:
1059:
1053:
1047:
1039:
1033:
1027:
1021:
1015:
1009:
1003:
994:
957:Octave
951:8th –
945:7th –
939:6th –
933:5th –
927:4th –
921:3rd –
915:2nd –
908:1st –
890:
884:
878:
872:
866:
860:
854:
848:
838:
830:
822:
814:
806:
798:
790:
779:
771:
765:
759:
753:
747:
741:
735:
726:
706:degree
698:octave
624:, and
618:Dorian
612:, and
610:Lydian
606:Ionian
588:Theory
576:, and
544:Modern
486:when B
480:Ionian
466:, and
464:Lydian
456:Dorian
348:flutes
256:genera
241:7–35.
98:
91:
84:
77:
69:
3827:Other
3707:Modes
3693:Delta
3688:Gamma
3678:Alpha
3617:Gypsy
3599:Pelog
3433:Blues
3428:Bebop
3397:Minor
3392:Major
2785:minor
2780:Major
2768:Flats
2489:S2CID
2426:(PDF)
2409:. In
2407:(PDF)
1976:cents
1906:cents
1464:note
1153:Mode
1121:Modes
953:Tonic
910:Tonic
694:notes
580:(see
566:triad
558:Major
530:modes
352:Jiahu
305:(see
191:chain
103:JSTOR
89:books
4143:(12)
4137:(10)
3927:and
3893:and
3683:Beta
3483:Jazz
3377:list
3243:List
2736:keys
2734:and
2645:OCLC
2618:ISBN
2603:ISBN
2592:38/2
2580:56.1
2481:PMID
2434:2015
2389:2015
1309:VII
1222:III
684:The
659:tone
578:jazz
572:and
560:and
536:and
478:and
434:and
409:and
331:and
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