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points of interest and service locations have been added to enhance digital maps to be more "user conscious". Traditional "virtual views" are now only part of digital mapping. In many cases, users can choose between virtual maps, satellite (aerial views), and hybrid (a combination of virtual map and aerial views) views. With the ability to update and expand digital mapping devices, newly constructed roads and places can be added to appear on maps. Three-dimensional maps of landscapes can be generated using
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published a paper titled "Automation and
Cartography" that established the first use case for computers as aids in cartography. In this paper, Tobler established what he referred to as a "map in–map out" (MIMO) system, which facilitated digitization of traditional maps, changing them, and reproducing
136:
as well as street level information. Maps must be updated frequently to provide users with the most accurate reflection of a location. While there is a wide spectrum on companies that specialize in digital mapping, the basic premise is that digital maps will accurately portray roads as they actually
115:
Early digital maps had the same basic functionality as paper maps—that is, they provided a "virtual view" of roads generally outlined by the terrain encompassing the surrounding area. However, as digital maps have grown with the expansion of GPS technology in the past decade, live traffic updates,
245:
interact together to provide the digital mapping programming with points of origin in addition to the destination points needed to calculate distance. This information is then analyzed and compiled to create a map that provides the easiest and most efficient way to reach a destination.
49:) is the art, science, and technology of making and using maps with a computer. This technology represents a paradigm shift in how maps are produced, but is still fundamentally a subset of traditional cartography. The primary function of this technology is to produce
61:(GIS), however, GIS is not necessary to facilitate computer cartography and has functions beyond just making maps. The first peer-reviewed publications on using computers to help in the cartographic process predate the introduction of full GIS by several years.
106:
that computer cartography facilitated by GIS would largely replace traditional pen and paper cartography. It is believed that the milestone of more maps created and distributed with computers was achieved sometime in the mid-1990s.
638:
30:
98:. The rapid acceleration that followed lead to a rapid paradigm shift in cartography, where traditional cartography was replaced by computer-aided cartography. This was predicted in 1985, when
53:, including creation of accurate representations of a particular area such as, detailing major road arteries and other points of interest for navigation, and in the creation of
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The beginning point, entered via GPS coordinates, and the ending point, (address or coordinates) input by the user, are then entered into the digital mapping software.
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If the driver drifts from the designated route, the navigation system will use the current coordinates to recalculate a route to the destination location.
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Digital maps heavily rely upon a vast amount of data collected over time. Most of the information that comprise digital maps is the culmination of
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them. The MIMO system, while simple, established the use of computers for map making in the literature and set the stage for more advanced
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Proprietary and non-proprietary computer programs and applications provide imagery and street-level map data for much of the world.
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The mapping software outputs a real-time visual representation of the route. The map then moves along the path of the driver.
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http://www.freshpatents.com/Navigation-device-assisting-road-traffic-congestion-management-dt20080925ptan20080234921.php
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35:
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654:
Husby, Jonathon. "In-car navigation matures beyond ‘Point A to Point B’." Electronic
Engineering Times. 28 Jan. 2008.
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Computer cartography is employed to facilitate a variety of computer applications, often through integration with the
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The points, or coordinates, output an accurate range between approximately "10-20 meters" of the actual location.
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GPS receivers collect data from at least four GPS satellites orbiting the Earth, calculating position in
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The principal use by which digital mapping has grown in the past decade has been its connection to
634:"Navigation device assisting road traffic congestion management." FreshPatents.com. 9 March 2007.
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170:, etc.) has recently (since about 2000) spurred the use of digital mapping in the sciences and
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http://www.america.gov/st/washfile-english/2006/February/20060203125928lcnirellep0.5061609.html
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68:(GPS) satellite network. This can allow real-time automated map generation for tasks such as
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Example of a digital map. Pictured is percentage of
Australian population that identifies as
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714:"United States Updates Global Positioning System Technology." America.gov. 3 Feb. 2006.
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222:(GPS) technology. GPS is the foundation behind digital mapping navigation systems.
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http://www.teleatlas.com/OurProducts/MapEnhancementProducts/CityMaps/index.htm
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174:. As of 2009, science fields that use digital mapping technology include
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More technically speaking, the device operates in the following manner:
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Heritage recording and 3D modeling with photogrammetry and 3D scanning
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393:"Cartography and the others – aspects of a complicated relationship"
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365:
Computer-Assisted
Cartography: Principles and Prospects 1st Edition
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57:. Computer cartography is one of the main functions of
734:"How Does GPS Work?" Smithsonian Institution. 1998.
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262:The GPS receiver then utilizes position to provide
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736:http://www.nasm.si.edu/exhibitions/gps/work.html
487:Introduction to Geographic Information Systems
462:Fundamentals of Geographic Information Systems
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464:(4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, inc.
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685:." Remote Sensing 3.6 (2011): 1104-1138.
489:(9th ed.). McGraw-Hill. p. 1.
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230:The coordinates and position as well as
137:appear to give "life-like experiences".
437:Technological Transition in Cartography
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104:Technological Transition in Cartography
27:Compiling data to create a visual image
158:The development of mobile computing (
94:in later years by geographers such as
314:Simultaneous localization and mapping
7:
1621:
1326:Geology of solar terrestrial planets
656:http://www.automotivedesignline.com
391:Kainz, Wolfgang (21 October 2019).
367:(1 ed.). Pearson College Div.
25:
694:"City Maps" Tele Atlas BV. 2008.
439:(1 ed.). Univ of Wisconsin.
340:Analytic and Computer Cartography
238:GPS receiver from GPS satellites
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1056:Human impact on the environment
606:. New York: The Guiford Press.
397:Geo-spatial Information Science
885:Climate variability and change
299:Geographic information systems
92:geographic information systems
59:geographic information systems
1:
1321:Evolution of the Solar System
598:Peterson, Michael P. (2014).
410:10.1080/10095020.2020.1718000
70:automotive navigation systems
1061:Evolutionary history of life
517:"Automation and Cartography"
1541:Precession of the equinoxes
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485:Chang, Kang-tsung (2016).
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220:Global Positioning System
66:Global Positioning System
1331:Location in the Universe
1262:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
961:List of sovereign states
460:DeMers, Michael (2009).
435:Monmonier, Mark (1985).
363:Monmonier, Mark (1982).
309:Digital geologic mapping
180:Digital geologic mapping
578:Encyclopedia Britannica
294:Digital elevation model
154:Scientific applications
102:speculated in his book
81:From paper to paperless
515:Tobler, Waldo (1959).
214:GPS navigation systems
39:
1521:Earth's gravity field
1516:Earth's energy budget
1041:Biogeochemical cycles
966:dependent territories
338:Clark, Keith (1995).
146:Computer applications
141:Functionality and Use
111:Expanded capabilities
45:(also called digital
33:
1436:Computer cartography
1089:Computer cartography
822:Prebiotic atmosphere
602:Mapping in the Cloud
304:Digital architecture
43:Computer cartography
1555:Related disciplines
1232:Geologic time scale
953:Culture and society
817:Atmosphere of Earth
674:Remondino, Fabio. "
572:DeMers, Michael N.
533:1959GeoRv..49..526T
521:Geographical Review
1603:Geodesy portal
1453:Geodetic astronomy
1227:Geological history
1101:Geodetic astronomy
741:2008-11-09 at the
721:2008-01-29 at the
701:2011-09-27 at the
681:2022-10-10 at the
661:2011-09-30 at the
641:2014-06-06 at the
40:
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1313:Planetary science
1296:Natural satellite
1217:Extremes on Earth
1184:Signal processing
613:978-1-4625-1041-2
496:978-1-259-92964-9
471:978-0-470-12906-7
342:. Prentice Hall.
134:satellite imagery
122:3D reconstruction
16:(Redirected from
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978:Earth Day
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