213:
allowing
Politicians to spread their messages across these platforms. These Platforms have used algorithms by analysing user behaviour and preferences to target messages toward influencing individuals. This has been seen in Elections such as the 2016 EU referendum where 'Political Bots' on Digital Platforms targeted older age groups with concerns on immigration for the argument that the U.K. should leave the European Union. The involvement of Digital Platforms on Political Campaigns has sparked lots of controversy; This has raised concerns on the impact that these Digital Platforms actually have in terms of influencing Politics. There has been discussions and laws put in place to regulate the power these Platforms have. Laws such as The Digital Services Act have been put in place to regulate and ensure Digital Programmes are abiding by content moderation, privacy, consent an data protection laws.
167:, competition among digital platforms follows unique patterns studied from multiple perspectives in the fields of economics, management, innovation, and legal studies. One of the most striking features of digital platform competition is the strategic use of negative prices to subsidize growth. Negative prices happen, for instance, when a
99:. Digital platforms can thus act as catalogs, as marketplaces, as mediators, and as service providers, depending on their focus and the groups of users that they manage to attract. Platform operations are such that platform organizations “connect-and-coordinate” more often than they “command-and-control”.
212:
Digital
Platforms have a significant influence on politics, through enabling rapid information sharing which has shaped public discourse and the spread of misinformation. Social Media Platforms, in particular such as Facebook, Google and Twitter have become instrumental to political campaigns,
175:
on top of a free credit card to entice merchants to join their payment network. This represents a case of a platform subsidizing one side of the network (consumers) to attract users on the other side (merchants). More recently, another striking pattern has been the growing competition between
114:
While measuring the size of the platform economy in absolute terms is notably difficult due to methodological disagreements, there is consensus that revenues derived from digital platform transactions have been growing rapidly and steadily over the past twenty years, with the
119:
estimating the growth to be 15-25% a year in emerging markets. As of
October 5, 2020, the five most valuable corporations publicly listed in the U.S. were all primarily digital platform owners and operators
1056:
76:
principles that can evolve, platforms shape how their users orchestrate digital resources to create social connections and perform market transactions. Digital platforms typically rely on
273:
Despite their notable ability to create value for individuals and businesses, large corporate platforms have received backlash in recent years. Some platforms have been suspected of
892:
Howard, PN (2018). "Algorithms, bots, and political communication in the US 2016 election: The challenge of automated political communication for election law and administration".
88:
can be designed to analyze a user's historical preferences to provide targeted recommendations of new users with whom to connect or of new content likely to be of interest.
176:
centralized corporate platforms and decentralized blockchain platforms, such as the competition, in the banking sector, between traditional financial institutions and new "
91:
Platforms can be multisided, meaning that qualitatively different groups of users come to the platform to be matched with each other, such as buyers with sellers of goods,
389:
346:
111:
described the digital platform as "the core organizational form of the emerging informational economy" that can, in some circumstances, replace traditional markets.
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Digital platforms orchestrate many aspects of our lives, from social interactions to consumption and mobility. That's why law and technology scholar
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851:
953:"The Antitrust Case Against Facebook: A Monopolist's Journey Towards Pervasive Surveillance in Spite of Consumers' Preference for Privacy"
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373:
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Digital platforms can act as data aggregators to help users navigate large amounts of information, as is the case with
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201:
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Some of the most prominent digital platforms are owned, designed, and operated by for-profit corporations such as
429:"Decentralized vs. Distributed Organization: Blockchain, Machine Learning and the Future of the Digital Platform"
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The age of surveillance capitalism : the fight for a human future at the new frontier of power
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is a software-based online infrastructure that facilitates user interactions and transactions.
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650:"Expanding Participation and Boosting Growth: The Infrastructure Needs of the Digital Economy"
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Digital platforms also increasingly mediate the global labor markets as part of the so-called
57:
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The
Business of Platforms: Strategy in the Age of Digital Competition, Innovation, and Power
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to perform algorithmic computations that facilitate user interactions. For instance,
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724:"Platform Competition: A Systematic and Interdisciplinary Review of the Literature"
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50:
41:; as matchmakers to enable transactions between users, as is the case with digital
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platform enables both searching for information and matchmaking between users.
49:. Digital platforms can also combine several of these features, such as when a
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504:"Research Commentary—Digital Infrastructures: The Missing IS Research Agenda"
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Antisocial media : how
Facebook disconnects us and undermines democracy
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nor do they employ executives in charge of achieving predefined goals.
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Platform
Revolution: How Networked Markets Are Transforming the Economy
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180:" (DeFi) ventures, or in the file hosting sector, between the likes of
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1075:"Disinformation on digital media platforms: A market-shaping approach"
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246:
222:
846:(2nd ed.). New York: New York : Oxford University Press..
821:
242:
502:
Tilson, David; Lyytinen, Kalle; Sørensen, Carsten (2010-11-18).
1024:"California sues Uber, Lyft over alleged labor law violations"
249:. By contrast, non-corporate digital platforms, including the
200:, on the one hand, and decentralized peer-to-peer alternative
549:
de Reuver, Mark; Sørensen, Carsten; Basole, Rahul C. (2018).
56:
Digital platforms can be more or less decentralized in their
822:"Platform Advocacy and the Threat to Deliberative Democracy"
773:"Theory of Credit Card Networks: A Survey of the Literature"
16:
Online infrastructure where users can exchange information
699:"Global 2000 - The World's Largest Public Companies 2020"
675:"Where to Find a List of the Stocks in the S&P 500"
60:
and can be governed based on more or less distributed
722:
Rietveld, Joost; Schilling, Melissa A. (2020-11-27).
285:, and more generally, of shaping the contours of a
297:that nudges content creators toward circulating
927:"Facebook faces fresh anti-trust investigation"
894:Journal of Information Technology &Politics
95:with users of applications, or consumers with
8:
388:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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321:Parker G, Van Alstyne M, Choudary S (2016).
625:"The pandora's box of the platform economy"
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261:, are community-managed; they do not have
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551:"The Digital Platform: A Research Agenda"
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289:. The digital platforms operating in
159:Competition between digital platforms
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140:) and so were the top two in China (
485:"The Rise of the Platform Economy"
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771:Chakravorti, Sujit (2003-06-01).
555:Journal of Information Technology
1073:Diaz Ruiz, Carlos (2023-10-30).
1062:from the original on 2020-12-18.
662:from the original on 2015-04-04.
489:Issues in Science and Technology
103:Economic and social significance
405:"On distributed communications"
600:"Law for the Platform Economy"
325:. W. W. Norton & Company.
1:
957:Berkeley Business Law Journal
648:World Economic Forum (2015).
508:Information Systems Research
777:Review of Network Economics
483:Kenney M, Zysman J (2016).
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980:(1st ed.). New York.
202:InterPlanetary File System
18:
1088:10.1177/14614448231207644
974:Zuboff, Shoshana (2019).
951:Dina, Srinivasan (2019).
568:10.1057/s41265-016-0033-3
277:, of promoting a form of
741:10.1177/0149206320969791
446:10.1177/2631787720977052
275:anticompetitive behavior
171:company gives consumers
163:Due to the existence of
1079:New Media & Society
439:(4): 2631787720977052.
279:surveillance capitalism
913:"Digital Services Act"
820:Stemler, Abby (2019).
790:10.2202/1446-9022.1018
520:10.1287/isre.1100.0318
251:Linux operating system
842:Vaidhyanathan, Siva.
728:Journal of Management
598:Cohen, Julie (2017).
178:decentralized finance
403:Baran, Paul (1964).
117:World Economic Forum
19:For other uses, see
607:UC Davis Law Review
433:Organization Theory
427:Vergne, JP (2020).
368:. Harper Business.
364:, Yoffie D (2019).
1050:"Digital Dystopia"
208:Impact on Politics
47:online communities
25:computing platform
987:978-1-61039-569-4
869:The Filter Bubble
853:978-0-19-005654-4
58:data architecture
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169:credit card
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