1564:
463:, showing a complete lack of milk production due to their inability to produce milk lipid droplets. In contrast, DGAT2 mice have reduced triglyceride levels but are lipopenic, suffer from skin barrier abnormalities (including the inability to retain moisture), and die shortly after birth.
413:
and DGAT2. Although both isozymes catalyze similar reactions, they share no sequence homology, which is similar to other DGATs reported in various organisms. The location of DGAT1 and DGAT2 in other organisms, as well as other DGATs have been reported in various literatures.
459:. Surprisingly, DGAT1 mice are healthy and fertile and have no changes in triglyceride levels. These mice are also lean and resistant to diet-induced obesity, consequently generating interest in DGAT1 inhibitors for the treatment of obesity. However, these mice also fail to
388:
in the acyl-CoA-dependent triglyceride synthesis, universally important in animal, plants, and microorganisms. The conversion is essential for intestinal absorption (i.e. DGAT1) and adipose tissue formation (i.e. DGAT2) in mammalian. DGAT1 are homologous to other
428:
that were decomposed through lipolysis in the process of intestinal absorption. DGAT1 reconstitutes triglycerides in a committed step after which they are packaged together with cholesterol and proteins to form
683:
Smith SJ, Cases S, Jensen DR, Chen HC, Sande E, Tow B, Sanan DA, Raber J, Eckel RH, Farese RV (May 2000). "Obesity resistance and multiple mechanisms of triglyceride synthesis in mice lacking Dgat".
184:
245:
203:
1100:
1095:
901:
810:"Acylation of acylglycerols by acyl coenzyme A:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1). Functional importance of DGAT1 in the intestinal fat absorption"
1083:
1090:
808:
Cheng D, Iqbal J, Devenny J, Chu CH, Chen L, Dong J, Seethala R, Keim WJ, Azzara AV, Lawrence RM, Pelleymounter MA, Hussain MM (October 2008).
1584:
1078:
1250:
269:
1218:
1283:
1034:
972:
1029:
1024:
257:
196:
967:
250:
982:
894:
147:
123:
1439:
1147:
1127:
1041:
1554:
509:"Acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase: Properties, physiological roles, metabolic engineering and intentional control"
1068:
962:
957:
1230:
1004:
1240:
1073:
947:
1424:
1540:
1527:
1514:
1501:
1488:
1475:
1462:
1188:
1164:
1115:
999:
952:
927:
887:
1434:
141:
1388:
1331:
1193:
918:
34:
769:"Inhibition of triglyceride synthesis as a treatment strategy for obesity: lessons from DGAT1-deficient mice"
128:
1336:
1235:
1142:
1203:
1198:
1063:
600:"Characterization of two human genes encoding acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase-related enzymes"
262:
208:
1357:
1276:
1183:
1178:
116:
1429:
1245:
1132:
1119:
1019:
315:
51:
1393:
977:
144:
46:
859:
68:
1326:
708:
641:"Cloning of DGAT2, a second mammalian diacylglycerol acyltransferase, and related family members"
1589:
1208:
937:
841:
790:
749:
700:
662:
621:
580:
529:
135:
639:
Cases S, Stone SJ, Zhou P, Yen E, Tow B, Lardizabal KD, Voelker T, Farese RV (October 2001).
1372:
1367:
1341:
1269:
1173:
1137:
831:
821:
780:
739:
692:
652:
611:
570:
560:
519:
310:
319:
104:
1419:
1403:
1316:
1213:
914:
879:
476:
339:
726:
Stone SJ, Myers HM, Watkins SM, Brown BE, Feingold KR, Elias PM, Farese RV (March 2004).
80:
39:
1568:
1457:
1398:
836:
809:
785:
768:
575:
548:
385:
377:
179:
549:"Thematic Review Series: Glycerolipids. DGAT enzymes and triacylglycerol biosynthesis"
482:
DGAT is also important in lipid biotechnology in plants, microorganisms, and animals.
159:
1578:
1362:
1321:
373:
154:
712:
1311:
430:
425:
524:
508:
286:
1535:
1470:
1306:
1152:
910:
349:
163:
1563:
565:
421:
293:
616:
599:
1509:
1483:
460:
845:
826:
794:
753:
744:
727:
704:
666:
657:
640:
584:
533:
625:
598:
Oelkers P, Behari A, Cromley D, Billheimer JT, Sturley SL (October 1998).
436:
942:
417:
381:
298:
92:
507:
Chen G, Harwood JL, Lemieux MJ, Stone SJ, Weselake RJ (November 2022).
472:
406:
111:
1522:
1292:
1223:
1051:
1046:
987:
384:. The reaction catalyzed by DGAT is considered the terminal and only
281:
191:
87:
75:
63:
1496:
1105:
992:
728:"Lipopenia and skin barrier abnormalities in DGAT2-deficient mice"
696:
410:
390:
238:
223:
1009:
456:
424:
cells that line the intestine and duodenum where it reassembles
274:
99:
1265:
883:
1261:
547:
Yen CL, Stone SJ, Koliwad S, Harris C, Farese RV (2008).
1552:
471:
DGAT1 inhibitors have potential for the treatment of
1448:
1412:
1381:
1350:
1299:
1163:
1114:
926:
345:
335:
330:
309:
304:
292:
280:
268:
256:
244:
234:
229:
222:
202:
190:
178:
173:
153:
134:
122:
110:
98:
86:
74:
62:
57:
45:
33:
28:
23:
860:"Pfizer, Bristol finalize deal on metabolic drugs"
773:Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
455:genes have been made by the Farese laboratory at
439:is mainly located in fat, liver and skin cells.
678:
676:
1277:
895:
8:
1101:2-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase
1096:1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase
1284:
1270:
1262:
902:
888:
880:
327:
170:
835:
825:
784:
743:
656:
615:
574:
564:
523:
475:and a number of DGAT-1 inhibitors are in
1559:
490:
1091:Glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase
219:
20:
1084:Lecithin—cholesterol acyltransferase
7:
1079:Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase
502:
500:
498:
496:
494:
447:Mice with genetic disruption of the
1251:Sulfoacetaldehyde acetyltransferase
943:Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase
814:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
732:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
645:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
604:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
1167:: converted into alkyl on transfer
786:10.1161/01.ATV.0000151874.81059.ad
224:diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1
14:
973:Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
767:Chen HC, Farese RV (March 2005).
1562:
1025:Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase
420:is mainly located in absorptive
24:diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase
968:Beta-galactoside transacetylase
983:Serotonin N-acetyl transferase
930:: other than amino-acyl groups
1:
1148:Keratinocyte transglutaminase
1128:Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase
1042:Serine C-palmitoyltransferase
525:10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101181
372:, catalyzes the formation of
1069:Aminolevulinic acid synthase
963:Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase
958:Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase
1585:Genes on human chromosome 8
1231:2-hydroxyglutarate synthase
397:, but not all other DGATs.
362:Diglyceride acyltransferase
1606:
1241:2-isopropylmalate synthase
1074:Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase
948:N-Acetylglutamate synthase
566:10.1194/jlr.R800018-JLR200
1440:Michaelis–Menten kinetics
1189:Decylhomocitrate synthase
1000:Histone acetyltransferase
953:Choline acetyltransferase
553:Journal of Lipid Research
409:are encoded by the genes
326:
169:
1332:Diffusion-limited enzyme
1194:2-methylcitrate synthase
617:10.1074/jbc.273.41.26765
443:Knockout studies in mice
376:(triacylglycerols) from
1236:3-propylmalate synthase
1143:Tissue transglutaminase
467:Therapeutic application
1204:3-ethylmalate synthase
1199:2-ethylmalate synthase
1064:Acyltransferase like 2
827:10.1074/jbc.M800494200
745:10.1074/jbc.M311000200
658:10.1074/jbc.M106219200
1425:Eadie–Hofstee diagram
1358:Allosteric regulation
1184:Citrate (Re)-synthase
1179:Decylcitrate synthase
1120:Aminoacyltransferases
1020:palmitoyltransferases
479:for this indication.
1435:Lineweaver–Burk plot
1246:Homocitrate synthase
1133:Peptidyl transferase
978:N-acetyltransferase
405:Two important DGAT
368:-acyltransferase),
1394:Enzyme superfamily
1327:Enzyme promiscuity
938:acetyltransferases
1550:
1549:
1259:
1258:
1209:ATP citrate lyase
559:(11): 2283–2301.
395:-acyltransferases
359:
358:
355:
354:
218:
217:
214:
213:
117:metabolic pathway
1597:
1567:
1566:
1558:
1430:Hanes–Woolf plot
1373:Enzyme activator
1368:Enzyme inhibitor
1342:Enzyme catalysis
1286:
1279:
1272:
1263:
1219:HMG-CoA synthase
1174:Citrate synthase
1138:Transglutaminase
915:acyltransferases
904:
897:
890:
881:
875:
874:
872:
871:
856:
850:
849:
839:
829:
820:(44): 29802–11.
805:
799:
798:
788:
764:
758:
757:
747:
738:(12): 11767–76.
723:
717:
716:
680:
671:
670:
660:
636:
630:
629:
619:
610:(41): 26765–71.
595:
589:
588:
578:
568:
544:
538:
537:
527:
504:
328:
220:
171:
21:
18:Class of enzymes
1605:
1604:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1561:
1553:
1551:
1546:
1458:Oxidoreductases
1444:
1420:Enzyme kinetics
1408:
1404:List of enzymes
1377:
1346:
1317:Catalytic triad
1295:
1290:
1260:
1255:
1214:Malate synthase
1159:
1110:
922:
908:
878:
869:
867:
858:
857:
853:
807:
806:
802:
766:
765:
761:
725:
724:
720:
685:Nature Genetics
682:
681:
674:
651:(42): 38870–6.
638:
637:
633:
597:
596:
592:
546:
545:
541:
506:
505:
492:
488:
477:clinical trials
469:
445:
403:
391:membrane-bound
19:
12:
11:
5:
1603:
1601:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1571:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1531:
1518:
1505:
1492:
1479:
1466:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1385:
1383:
1382:Classification
1379:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1274:
1266:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1170:
1168:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1135:
1130:
1124:
1122:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1049:
1039:
1038:
1037:
1032:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1007:
997:
996:
995:
990:
985:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
933:
931:
924:
923:
909:
907:
906:
899:
892:
884:
877:
876:
851:
800:
759:
718:
672:
631:
590:
539:
489:
487:
484:
468:
465:
444:
441:
402:
399:
386:committed step
378:diacylglycerol
357:
356:
353:
352:
347:
343:
342:
337:
333:
332:
324:
323:
313:
307:
306:
302:
301:
296:
290:
289:
284:
278:
277:
272:
266:
265:
260:
254:
253:
248:
242:
241:
236:
232:
231:
227:
226:
216:
215:
212:
211:
206:
200:
199:
194:
188:
187:
182:
176:
175:
167:
166:
157:
151:
150:
139:
132:
131:
126:
120:
119:
114:
108:
107:
102:
96:
95:
90:
84:
83:
78:
72:
71:
66:
60:
59:
55:
54:
49:
43:
42:
37:
31:
30:
26:
25:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1602:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1485:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1399:Enzyme family
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1363:Cooperativity
1361:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1349:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1322:Oxyanion hole
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1287:
1282:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1162:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1001:
998:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
980:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
935:
934:
932:
929:
925:
920:
916:
912:
905:
900:
898:
893:
891:
886:
885:
882:
865:
861:
855:
852:
847:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
819:
815:
811:
804:
801:
796:
792:
787:
782:
778:
774:
770:
763:
760:
755:
751:
746:
741:
737:
733:
729:
722:
719:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
697:10.1038/75651
694:
690:
686:
679:
677:
673:
668:
664:
659:
654:
650:
646:
642:
635:
632:
627:
623:
618:
613:
609:
605:
601:
594:
591:
586:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
558:
554:
550:
543:
540:
535:
531:
526:
521:
517:
513:
510:
503:
501:
499:
497:
495:
491:
485:
483:
480:
478:
474:
466:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
442:
440:
438:
434:
432:
427:
426:triglycerides
423:
419:
415:
412:
408:
400:
398:
396:
394:
387:
383:
379:
375:
374:triglycerides
371:
367:
363:
351:
348:
344:
341:
338:
334:
329:
325:
322:
321:
317:
314:
312:
308:
303:
300:
297:
295:
291:
288:
285:
283:
279:
276:
273:
271:
267:
264:
261:
259:
255:
252:
249:
247:
243:
240:
237:
233:
228:
225:
221:
210:
207:
205:
201:
198:
195:
193:
189:
186:
183:
181:
177:
172:
168:
165:
161:
158:
156:
155:Gene Ontology
152:
149:
146:
143:
140:
137:
133:
130:
127:
125:
121:
118:
115:
113:
109:
106:
103:
101:
97:
94:
93:NiceZyme view
91:
89:
85:
82:
79:
77:
73:
70:
67:
65:
61:
56:
53:
50:
48:
44:
41:
38:
36:
32:
27:
22:
16:
1536:Translocases
1533:
1520:
1507:
1494:
1481:
1471:Transferases
1468:
1455:
1312:Binding site
1060:
1018:
936:
911:Transferases
868:. Retrieved
866:. 2007-08-27
863:
854:
817:
813:
803:
779:(3): 482–6.
776:
772:
762:
735:
731:
721:
691:(1): 87–90.
688:
684:
648:
644:
634:
607:
603:
593:
556:
552:
542:
515:
512:
481:
470:
452:
448:
446:
435:
431:chylomicrons
416:
404:
392:
369:
365:
361:
360:
318:
81:BRENDA entry
15:
1307:Active site
1153:Factor XIII
340:Swiss-model
230:Identifiers
69:IntEnz view
29:Identifiers
1579:Categories
1510:Isomerases
1484:Hydrolases
1351:Regulation
870:2007-08-27
518:: 101181.
486:References
422:enterocyte
336:Structures
331:Search for
305:Other data
138:structures
105:KEGG entry
52:9029-98-5
1389:EC number
287:NM_012079
246:NCBI gene
58:Databases
1590:EC 2.3.1
1413:Kinetics
1337:Cofactor
1300:Activity
1005:P300/CBP
846:18768481
795:15569818
754:14668353
713:10043699
705:10802663
667:11481335
585:18757836
534:35820474
407:isozymes
401:Isoforms
382:acyl-CoA
350:InterPro
209:proteins
197:articles
185:articles
142:RCSB PDB
40:2.3.1.20
1569:Biology
1523:Ligases
1293:Enzymes
864:Reuters
837:2662058
626:9756920
576:3837458
473:obesity
461:lactate
346:Domains
294:UniProt
164:QuickGO
129:profile
112:MetaCyc
47:CAS no.
1555:Portal
1497:Lyases
1224:HMGCS2
1061:other:
1052:SPTLC2
1047:SPTLC1
988:HGSNAT
844:
834:
793:
752:
711:
703:
665:
624:
583:
573:
532:
316:Chr. 8
299:O75907
282:RefSeq
275:604900
235:Symbol
192:PubMed
174:Search
160:AmiGO
148:PDBsum
88:ExPASy
76:BRENDA
64:IntEnz
35:EC no.
1449:Types
1165:2.3.3
1116:2.3.2
1106:ABHD5
993:ARD1A
928:2.3.1
709:S2CID
453:DGAT2
449:DGAT1
437:DGAT2
418:DGAT1
411:DGAT1
320:q24.3
311:Locus
239:DGAT1
124:PRIAM
1541:list
1534:EC7
1528:list
1521:EC6
1515:list
1508:EC5
1502:list
1495:EC4
1489:list
1482:EC3
1476:list
1469:EC2
1463:list
1456:EC1
1035:CPT2
1030:CPT1
1010:NAT2
921:2.3)
842:PMID
791:PMID
750:PMID
701:PMID
663:PMID
622:PMID
581:PMID
530:PMID
457:UCSF
380:and
370:DGAT
364:(or
270:OMIM
263:2843
258:HGNC
251:8694
204:NCBI
145:PDBe
100:KEGG
832:PMC
822:doi
818:283
781:doi
740:doi
736:279
693:doi
653:doi
649:276
612:doi
608:273
571:PMC
561:doi
520:doi
451:or
180:PMC
136:PDB
1581::
1118::
919:EC
913::
862:.
840:.
830:.
816:.
812:.
789:.
777:25
775:.
771:.
748:.
734:.
730:.
707:.
699:.
689:25
687:.
675:^
661:.
647:.
643:.
620:.
606:.
602:.
579:.
569:.
557:49
555:.
551:.
528:.
516:88
514:.
511:.
493:^
433:.
162:/
1557::
1543:)
1539:(
1530:)
1526:(
1517:)
1513:(
1504:)
1500:(
1491:)
1487:(
1478:)
1474:(
1465:)
1461:(
1285:e
1278:t
1271:v
1022::
940::
917:(
903:e
896:t
889:v
873:.
848:.
824::
797:.
783::
756:.
742::
715:.
695::
669:.
655::
628:.
614::
587:.
563::
536:.
522::
393:O
366:O
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