3323:
436:
130:
708:
247:
691:, following in the footsteps of his Swiss wife Ruth Gerhardt, who was released in 1990 following a request from the Swiss government. He stated upon his release that: "I did not feel like a traitor or someone who was betraying his colleagues. I was a political activist fighting the evil regime of apartheid. It was nothing personal." Gerhardt was subsequently granted amnesty in 1999 by the
593:
by serving the USSR. According to
Gerhardt, he deliberately attempted to sow confusion in the trial by stating in his defence that he had spied for an unnamed third country that was not hostile to South Africa. His first wife described him as a "traditional apartheid-accepting South African"; he had
610:
sentenced him to life imprisonment in
December 1983, while his wife Ruth received a 10-year sentence for acting as a courier. The judge said that he would have passed the death sentence on Gerhardt that the prosecution sought if the information he had passed to the Soviet Union had led to the death
564:
under the alias "Mikhail
Nikolayev" for a pre-arranged meeting with Ruth Gerhardt. He had in his possession $ 100,000 in cash that he intended to pay her; he did not disclose his real identity to Swiss authorities, and was sentenced to three years imprisonment for spying.
758:
contends that the mystery surrounding the incident would finally have been resolved if
Gerhardt were a more credible source, while other authors suggest that newly declassified documents increase the credibility of his claims.
3764:
3809:
3799:
2258:
2238:"Truth and Reconciliation Commission Amnesty Committee: Application in Terms of Section 18 of the Promotion of National Unity and Reconciliation Act No 34 of 1995: Dieter Felix Gerhardt Application"
405:, leaving her children fatherless. She says Gerhardt eventually gave her an ultimatum to become a spy too, which she declined, forcing the couple's separation. She divorced him in 1966 and moved to
908:
3804:
892:
633:
Dieter
Gerhardt was one of the imprisoned spies who was mooted for inclusion in a 1989 East-West prisoner exchange amongst a number of countries that did not materialise. In 1990 when
3674:
490:, as well as technical details of weapons systems. He reportedly revealed to the Soviets most of the Western naval surveillance techniques for the South Atlantic. During the 1982
3829:
1862:
3819:
2241:
692:
3759:
3814:
575:
announced
Gerhardt's arrest to the world in a special press conference on 26 January 1983. Following his deportation to South Africa, Gerhardt and his wife were tried
2448:
3749:
2174:
645:, Gerhardt was not one of those who was freed. He was visited in prison on 22 January 1992 by a delegation from the ANC, who were seeking information regarding the
409:
with her children, claiming that she lived in constant fear of the Soviet security services. She subsequently published a book in 1999 about her experiences called
1938:
3739:
2266:
676:
said that the former spy's release was a precondition to the restoration of diplomatic ties and the signing of a trade agreement between South Africa and the
3311:
716:
146:
936:
Gerhardt was not a member of any of the previously banned political organisations such as the ANC. There is some evidence to suggest that other people like
657:
government. Gerhardt was released in August 1992 following his application for release, political pressure in South Africa and an appeal by
Russian premier
3779:
529:
618:
and other anti-apartheid dissidents. In 1988, she attempted to gain her freedom by renouncing violence, and thereby take advantage of an offer made by
494:, Gerhardt was allegedly able to use his position to supply the Soviets with detailed information about the locations of Royal Navy ships in the south
367:, and passed classified information about the weapons systems there to the Soviets. Among the systems he compromised through these activities were the
3734:
3789:
3744:
3669:
471:
and South Africa's military cooperation, using this position in 1975 to pass
Israeli secrets to the Soviets, including details of the purchase of
508:
Gerhardt visited the USSR five times during his career, while his wife travelled with him twice in 1972 and 1976. He was reportedly paid 800,000
2461:
746:. He stated that he had no official knowledge of the alleged test, but was not ready to provide further details. In a subsequent interview with
2489:
3754:
3611:
3342:
2504:
2293:
2227:
2080:
2039:
845:
505:
publicly contradicted this view, but supported screening of Royal Navy officers who had been in contact with
Gerhardt throughout his career.
354:
1815:
502:
220:
3496:
3491:
3476:
1794:
560:(codename "Bob"). Shlykov, who did not know that the Gerhardts had been arrested, was also arrested on 25 January when he travelled to
1927:
670:
390:
crews for potential candidates that the
Soviets could approach. It was also during this time that he met his first wife, British-born
219:
together with his second wife, Ruth, who had acted as his courier. Both were released prior to the change of government following the
2206:
2163:
2142:
2011:
1851:
1783:
868:
826:
499:
2102:
1873:
3664:
3304:
818:
Powers & Conflicts: Geopolitical Analysis & Decisions (Puissances & Conflits: Analyses & Décisions Géopolitiques)
589:. In his trial, Gerhardt stated that the repulsion he felt towards his father's right-wing political beliefs drove him to fight
2394:
2326:
1981:
1750:
666:
541:
2364:
3357:
3073:
569:
3289:
2390:
1746:
3794:
3278:
654:
443:
Gerhardt rose through the ranks of the naval establishment as his career progressed. Upon his return from training in the
318:
317:. He started his spying career in his late twenties, while still a junior naval officer, by offering his services to the
3621:
2178:
290:
to take the troubled teenager under his wing to try to instill discipline in him; he graduated from the Naval Academy in
590:
3639:
3616:
1942:
3695:
3601:
3297:
2262:
483:
80:
1893:
750:
in March 1994, he stated that no South African warships had been involved, but declined to provide further details.
3824:
3654:
3644:
3606:
3575:
3461:
3347:
3233:
2659:
2482:
2070:
479:
425:
387:
3058:
1647:
3649:
3208:
70:
2797:
2767:
464:
606:. Ruth Gerhardt claimed in her defence that she thought he was a double agent working for South Africa. Judge
512:
by the GRU for his spying activities; his contact in the GRU said that money was not the motive for Gerhardt.
3700:
582:
447:
in the early 1970s, he served as the naval liaison officer with the defence company that subsequently become
3540:
3416:
3352:
1775:
460:
3481:
1663:
3774:
3151:
3083:
2908:
2822:
2762:
448:
2343:
1819:
3784:
3146:
2857:
2475:
2441:
2348:
1959:
342:
2050:
1843:
Southern African political history: a chronology of key political events from independence to mid-1997
3769:
3659:
3433:
3367:
2962:
2787:
2684:
1725:
1696:
2237:
401:
spying activities eight years later in 1966, but chose not to turn him in, fearing that he would be
3556:
2867:
2817:
2757:
2679:
2644:
2369:
768:
549:
1648:"Statement of the National Executive Committee on the occasion of the 80th Anniversary of the ANC"
435:
391:
375:
missiles. He was also responsible for passing the first intelligence information about the French
3548:
3442:
3328:
3238:
2990:
2807:
2739:
2709:
2554:
2544:
1216:
677:
456:
402:
338:
283:
188:
90:
3190:
2322:
3580:
2977:
2792:
2529:
2309:
2289:
2283:
2223:
2202:
2196:
2159:
2138:
2132:
2076:
2035:
2007:
1964:
1923:
1847:
1779:
1208:
864:
841:
822:
754:
627:
472:
383:
maintained that, while in London in the late 1960s, Gerhardt was able to interview Royal Navy
2217:
2187:
1684:
715:
He claimed that the United States and the Soviet Union met in 1976 to discuss South Africa's
3223:
3088:
3018:
2914:
2862:
2832:
2609:
2584:
2418:
1733:
1704:
1667:
1200:
525:
428:. According to Gerhardt, he recruited her shortly after they were married. She travelled to
184:
94:
3512:
3228:
3170:
3141:
3126:
3078:
3033:
2957:
2888:
2872:
2729:
2689:
2119:
1799:
707:
537:
521:
451:. From 1972–1978, he was appointed as a senior staff officer to the Chief of the SADF in
421:
380:
368:
361:
295:
3180:
192:
1729:
1700:
3424:
3384:
3253:
3063:
3048:
3000:
2939:
2930:
2903:
2782:
2777:
2724:
2704:
2574:
1824:
941:
747:
642:
623:
557:
556:
interrogated him for 11 days, during which time he gave up one of his Soviet handlers,
495:
444:
384:
2414:
2398:
1754:
246:
3728:
3593:
3393:
3268:
3213:
3185:
3175:
3131:
3053:
3043:
2947:
2898:
2852:
2847:
2827:
2699:
2674:
2664:
2624:
2594:
2589:
2559:
1220:
731:
658:
615:
607:
533:
491:
334:
287:
200:
838:
How South Africa Built Six Atom Bombs and Then Abandoned Its Nuclear Weapons Program
3585:
3466:
3273:
3263:
3248:
3136:
3093:
3068:
3023:
3005:
2893:
2812:
2802:
2752:
2714:
2654:
2649:
2634:
2629:
2619:
2614:
2604:
2534:
2454:
1913:
1737:
1708:
937:
739:
696:
673:
603:
586:
326:
322:
310:
291:
236:
216:
212:
204:
203:
in 1983 following information obtained from a Soviet defector. He was convicted of
135:
59:
2378:
2304:
2153:
2029:
2001:
1917:
1841:
816:
3375:
3258:
3243:
3098:
3038:
3028:
2952:
2772:
2747:
2719:
2694:
2669:
2599:
2569:
2539:
688:
662:
634:
545:
509:
372:
2031:
The Unspoken Alliance: Israel's Secret Relationship with Apartheid South Africa
1716:
Albright, David; Gay, Corey (November–December 1997). "A Flash From the Past".
1188:
3530:
3521:
2985:
2967:
2842:
2837:
2579:
2564:
2549:
1204:
595:
572:
314:
306:
302:
299:
2134:
The Intelligence Game: The Illusions and Delusions of International Espionage
1212:
345:
branch, and instructed to continue his career in the South African military.
3402:
2995:
2639:
2524:
720:
577:
487:
417:
379:
missile to the Soviets. British journalist and security services specialist
2467:
2190:. Johannesburg, South Africa: The Library, University of the Witwatersrand.
561:
879:
3121:
2519:
1985:
808:
619:
594:
told her that he wanted revenge against the South African government for
452:
398:
2086:
3690:
2155:
Apartheid's Friends: The Rise and Fall of South Africa's Secret Service
1655:
782:
406:
55:
2075:. Simon’s Town Historical Society/South African Naval Heritage Trust.
3113:
883:
735:
650:
468:
429:
376:
330:
232:
51:
2323:"AK2444: Dieter Gerhardt vs Minister of Justice and State President"
1982:"Loaf of bread and "The Gates of Hell" (Буханка хлеба и "Врата ада""
1840:
Kalley, Jacqueline Audrey; Schoeman, Elna; Andor, Lydia Eve (1999).
1570:
1894:"Revealed: How Israel Offered to Sell South Africa Nuclear Weapons"
3162:
880:"Наш разведчик-нелегал пытался спасти СССР, но ему Гайдар помешал"
706:
684:
434:
2391:"Former SA Spy Feels Like A Political Activist, Not A Traitor..."
478:
Later, he was appointed commander of the strategically important
2198:
Encyclopedia of Cold War Espionage, Spies, and Secret operations
646:
599:
3293:
2471:
1651:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
638:
585:, with the prospect of a death sentence being handed down for
553:
241:
208:
196:
3765:
South African people convicted of spying for the Soviet Union
1642:"ANC Daily Newsbriefing" (Press release). ANC. 6 March 1992.
1377:
1375:
1373:
719:, and that the Soviets proposed a pre-emptive strike on the
482:
naval dockyard. In this position, he had access to all the
2051:"Spy-Spy a True(?) Story (Spioen-Spioen 'n Ware(?) Verhaal"
1295:
1293:
1044:
1042:
3713:
1324:
1322:
1320:
520:
Gerhardt's cover was finally blown by Soviet double agent
1939:"Arrested in Switzerland, the Russian Spy Tells (French)"
1597:
1595:
1593:
1591:
3810:
Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by South Africa
1392:
1390:
1280:
1278:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1059:
1057:
964:
962:
960:
944:
also intervened on his behalf at various points in time.
353:
As part of his service in the Royal Navy, he trained at
313:. After his training in Britain, he was seconded to the
1431:
1429:
1008:
1006:
498:
that the South African Navy intercepted at Silvermine.
258:
3800:
South African prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
993:
991:
989:
532:
intelligence service) He was arrested at his hotel in
1127:
1125:
781:
Bergman, R (7 April 2000). "Treasons of Conscience".
1471:
286:
after his father successfully persuaded naval chief
3683:
3632:
3568:
3539:
3505:
3454:
3415:
3366:
3335:
3199:
3160:
3111:
2976:
2938:
2928:
2881:
2738:
2512:
2503:
2103:"Freed South African Spy Proud of Work For Soviets"
1447:
1408:
1112:
1110:
1108:
160:
152:
142:
122:
101:
86:
76:
66:
30:
23:
1795:"Interview: Janet Coggin - The Spy Who Lied to Me"
1482:
1480:
909:"What Occupied the Russian Secret Services Abroad"
1820:"Concern in Britain Over Gerhardt Spying Network"
1269:
836:Venter, Al J.; Badenhorst, Nicholas Paul (2008).
3805:People convicted of treason against South Africa
1546:
1420:
1233:
1099:
614:Ruth Gerhardt served her sentence together with
486:reports from the Silvermine listening post near
1937:Meyer, Thierry; Hoesli, Éric (8 October 2009).
309:and completed the parachute training course at
1033:
397:Coggin says she became aware of her husband's
3305:
2483:
1381:
878:Панкин, Алексей Борисович (5 December 2012).
467:. He claims direct involvement in aspects of
165:
8:
3830:White South African anti-apartheid activists
2344:"Red Faces in Pretoria Over Spy Allegations"
1522:
1257:
2285:Historical Dictionary of Naval Intelligence
2177:. Johannesburg: The Citizen. Archived from
1328:
1299:
416:In 1973, Gerhardt married his second wife,
3312:
3298:
3290:
2935:
2509:
2490:
2476:
2468:
2259:"The Farewell Dossier: Duping the Soviets"
2072:Simon's Town Dockyard: The First 100 Years
1048:
968:
726:In February 1994, he told Des Blow of the
20:
3820:Cold War military history of South Africa
2219:Historical Dictionary of Air Intelligence
1162:
665:when the latter visited Moscow after the
626:, however the request was turned down by
455:. In this position he was able to access
231:Gerhardt was born on 1 November 1935, in
3760:South African spies for the Soviet Union
1753:(SAPA) via e-tools.co.za. Archived from
1625:
1601:
1571:Truth and Reconciliation Commission—1999
1435:
1396:
1352:
1311:
1087:
1012:
3815:Opposition to apartheid in South Africa
2342:Younghusband, Peter (28 January 1983).
1364:
1284:
1245:
1143:
1063:
980:
956:
929:
821:(in French). Éditions du Fleuve. 1990.
807:[Felix and Lena] (in Russian).
195:naval dockyard. He was arrested by the
3750:South African people of German descent
2379:"Nelson Mandela 8 June Visit Reported"
2365:"Political Obituaries: Vitaly Shlykov"
1980:Pilyatskin, Boris (26 December 2005).
1685:"South Africa and the Affordable Bomb"
1613:
1510:
1131:
803:Pilyatskin, Boris (14 January 1992).
641:and released political prisoners like
2049:Pretorius, André (11 November 2011).
1718:The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
1558:
1534:
1340:
1174:
997:
7:
3740:Naturalised citizens of South Africa
2216:Trenear-Harvey, Glenmore S. (2009).
1582:
1116:
1075:
516:Arrest, trial and subsequent release
3477:Warrior-class inshore patrol vessel
2242:Truth and Reconciliation Commission
2003:Traitors: The Labyrinths of Treason
1863:"Israel and the South African Bomb"
1745:Claassen, Pierre (27 August 1992).
1486:
1459:
1189:"Israel and the South African bomb"
693:Truth and Reconciliation Commission
637:unbanned organisations such as the
183:(born 1 November 1935) is a former
16:South African naval officer and spy
2397:. 3 September 1992. Archived from
2006:. London: Sidgwick & Jackson.
1498:
891:Mlechin, Leonard (24 April 2006).
14:
3640:History of the South African Navy
2173:Stirling, Tony (3 January 1984).
1960:"Convicted of Aiding Adversaries"
1919:My Life with the SA Defence Force
1689:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
1448:Kalley, Schoeman & Andor 1999
1409:Kalley, Schoeman & Andor 1999
649:that might have assisted them in
424:claims was already a spy for the
3735:German emigrants to South Africa
3665:Military history of South Africa
3321:
2188:"Helen Suzman Papers, 1944-2009"
2028:Polakow-Suransky, Sasha (2010).
1654:. 8 January 1992. Archived from
544:while he was taking a degree in
484:South African Naval intelligence
463:secrets and plans regarding the
245:
215:for a period of twenty years in
128:
105:Janet Coggin (m. 1958; div 1966)
3790:1983 in international relations
2395:South African Press Association
2327:University of the Witwatersrand
2257:Weiss, Guss W. (27 July 2008).
2120:"Spying for Russia on the Rock"
2105:. Orlando Sentinel. 4 June 1990
1751:South African Press Association
907:Рыковцева, Елена (2 May 2006).
667:dissolution of the Soviet Union
542:Federal Bureau of Investigation
439:Simon's Town naval base in 2006
191:and commander of the strategic
108:
3745:Military personnel from Berlin
2201:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
2175:"'Biggest Blow' Ever Received"
2118:Reynolds, Reg (January 2009).
1958:Parks, Michael (13 May 1987).
1892:McGreal, Chris (24 May 2010).
1846:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
1738:10.1080/00963402.1997.11456782
1709:10.1080/00963402.1994.11456538
1664:"East-West Spy Swap Disclosed"
570:Prime Minister of South Africa
1:
3780:Israel–South Africa relations
1941:. 24heures.ch. Archived from
1683:Albright, David (July 1994).
1187:Liberman, Peter (June 2004).
420:, a Swiss citizen who author
319:South African Communist Party
147:Main Intelligence Directorate
3755:South African Navy personnel
3234:Vladimir Mikhaylovich Petrov
1870:The Non-Proliferation Review
1793:Cook, Emma (28 March 1999).
863:] (in French). Grasset.
622:to political prisoners like
611:of a South African soldier.
3612:Operational Diving Division
3602:South African Naval College
2415:"Spy Fails To Gain Release"
2263:Central Intelligence Agency
1193:The Nonproliferation Review
893:"Our Man in a Swiss Prison"
703:Nuclear weapons controversy
661:to South African President
394:, whom he married in 1958.
81:South African Naval College
3846:
3655:South African Naval Museum
3645:South African Naval Ensign
3607:Maritime Reaction Squadron
3462:Warrior-class strike craft
3348:Master at Arms of the Navy
2660:Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
2131:Rusbridger, James (1991).
1747:"Dieter Gerhardt Released"
734:was the result of a joint
426:German Democratic Republic
3709:
3650:South Africa Marine Corps
3622:Operational Boat Division
3209:Alexander Gregory Barmine
3014:
2385:(241). The Service. 1990.
2383:Daily Report: West Europe
2000:Pincher, Chapman (1987).
1472:The Pittsburgh Press 1989
1205:10.1080/10736700408436966
717:nuclear weapons programme
298:. In 1962, he attended a
174:
166:
115:
71:South African citizenship
3684:Operations and exercises
2768:Thomas Patrick Cavanaugh
2498:Soviet and Russian spies
2303:Wilson, Jim (May 1997).
1861:Liberman, Peter (1994).
1776:Constable & Robinson
855:Wolton, Thierry (1987).
804:
791:
790:Pavlov, Vitaly (1994).
465:South African Border War
227:Early life and education
3701:Operation Magersfontein
3617:Reaction Force Division
3576:Naval Base Simon's Town
2152:Sanders, James (2006).
1329:Meyer & Hoesli 2009
728:Johannesburg City Press
583:Cape Town Supreme Court
337:was recruited into the
3084:John Alexander Symonds
2909:Harold James Nicholson
2763:Christopher John Boyce
2305:"Finding Hidden Nukes"
2186:Suzman, Helen (2009).
1770:Coggin, Janet (1999).
1270:Los Angeles Times 1987
712:
653:negotiations with the
440:
3147:Stephen Joseph Ratkai
2349:Sydney Morning Herald
2053:(in Afrikaans). Beeld
1547:Orlando Sentinel 1990
1421:Polakow-Suransky 2010
1234:Polakow-Suransky 2010
1100:Polakow-Suransky 2010
710:
536:in January 1983 in a
524:(given the codename "
438:
432:to undergo training.
343:military intelligence
294:in 1956, winning the
221:1994 general election
181:Dieter Felix Gerhardt
35:Dieter Felix Gerhardt
3795:1983 in South Africa
3675:Decommissioned ships
3660:Simonstown Agreement
2685:Nadezhda Ulanovskaya
2282:West, Nigel (2010).
2195:Trahair, RC (2004).
1818:(31 December 1983).
1668:The Pittsburgh Press
602:sympathizer, during
500:Admiral of the Fleet
325:referred him to the
282:Gerhardt joined the
2868:John Anthony Walker
2818:Clayton J. Lonetree
2758:David Sheldon Boone
2680:Alexander Ulanovsky
2645:William Ward Pigman
2373:. 24 November 2011.
2370:The Daily Telegraph
2288:. Scarecrow Press.
2222:. Scarecrow Press.
2124:The Gibraltar Times
2089:on 16 February 2012
2069:Rice, Bill (2010).
1730:1997BuAtS..53f..15A
1701:1994BuAtS..50d..37A
1658:on 10 January 2012.
1034:Trenear-Harvey 2009
798:] (in Russian).
769:John Anthony Walker
671:Minister of Defence
550:Syracuse University
143:Service branch
3696:Operation Savannah
3329:South African Navy
3239:Fyodor Raskolnikov
3074:Michael John Smith
2808:Andrew Daulton Lee
2798:Robert Lee Johnson
2710:Harry Dexter White
2545:Whittaker Chambers
2421:. 8 September 1988
1879:on 3 November 2013
1816:Hill-Norton, Peter
1670:. 7 September 1989
1382:The Telegraph 2011
713:
695:, and his rank of
683:Gerhardt moved to
678:Russian Federation
457:South African Army
441:
284:South African Navy
257:. You can help by
189:South African Navy
153:Service years
117:Espionage activity
3722:
3721:
3581:Naval Base Durban
3484:King Sekhukhune I
3343:Chief of the Navy
3287:
3286:
3107:
3106:
2978:Portland spy ring
2924:
2923:
2793:Edward Lee Howard
2530:Elizabeth Bentley
2310:Popular Mechanics
2295:978-0-8108-6760-4
2229:978-0-8108-5982-1
2082:978-0-620-47932-5
2041:978-1-77009-840-4
1965:Los Angeles Times
1650:(Press release).
1523:Daily Report 1990
1258:Younghusband 1983
861:The KGB in France
847:978-0-9814098-4-9
755:Popular Mechanics
744:Operation Phoenix
628:Justice Goldstone
278:Military training
275:
274:
178:
177:
97:(ret.), 1956–1983
3837:
3714:Official website
3436:Charlotte Maxeke
3358:List of admirals
3327:
3325:
3324:
3314:
3307:
3300:
3291:
3279:Stig Wennerström
3224:Walter Krivitsky
3089:Edith Tudor-Hart
3019:Michael Bettaney
2936:
2915:Illegals Program
2863:George Trofimoff
2833:Earl Edwin Pitts
2610:William Malisoff
2585:David Greenglass
2513:1940s and before
2510:
2492:
2485:
2478:
2469:
2459:
2446:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2419:Associated Press
2410:
2408:
2406:
2401:on 21 April 2013
2386:
2374:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2318:
2299:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2265:. Archived from
2253:
2251:
2249:
2233:
2212:
2191:
2182:
2181:on 8 April 2013.
2169:
2148:
2127:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2085:. Archived from
2065:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2045:
2034:. Jacana Media.
2024:
2022:
2020:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1945:on 22 April 2012
1933:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1878:
1872:. Archived from
1867:
1857:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1789:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1757:on 21 April 2013
1741:
1712:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1659:
1643:
1629:
1623:
1617:
1611:
1605:
1599:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1502:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1475:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1424:
1418:
1412:
1406:
1400:
1394:
1385:
1379:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1315:
1309:
1303:
1300:Hill-Norton 1983
1297:
1288:
1282:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1249:
1243:
1237:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1184:
1178:
1172:
1166:
1160:
1147:
1141:
1135:
1129:
1120:
1114:
1103:
1097:
1091:
1085:
1079:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1052:
1046:
1037:
1031:
1016:
1010:
1001:
995:
984:
978:
972:
966:
945:
934:
919:
917:
915:
903:
901:
899:
887:
874:
857:Le KGB en France
851:
832:
812:
799:
792:Сезам, откройся!
786:
503:Lord Hill-Norton
473:Jericho missiles
270:
267:
249:
242:
169:
168:
138:
134:
132:
131:
110:
48:
44:
42:
21:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3834:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3718:
3705:
3679:
3628:
3569:Bases and units
3564:
3535:
3506:Support vessels
3501:
3450:
3411:
3362:
3331:
3322:
3320:
3318:
3288:
3283:
3229:Kerttu Nuorteva
3219:Dieter Gerhardt
3201:
3195:
3171:Hirohide Ishida
3156:
3142:Gerda Munsinger
3127:Jeffrey Delisle
3103:
3079:Dave Springhall
3034:Litzi Friedmann
3010:
2972:
2958:John Cairncross
2920:
2889:Evgeny Buryakov
2877:
2873:Jerry Whitworth
2858:Robert Thompson
2734:
2730:Anatoli Yatskov
2690:Julian Wadleigh
2499:
2496:
2457:
2455:Operation Felix
2444:
2442:Dieter Gerhardt
2438:
2433:
2424:
2422:
2413:
2404:
2402:
2389:
2377:
2363:
2354:
2352:
2341:
2332:
2330:
2321:
2302:
2296:
2281:
2272:
2270:
2269:on 13 June 2007
2256:
2247:
2245:
2236:
2230:
2215:
2209:
2194:
2185:
2172:
2166:
2158:. John Murray.
2151:
2145:
2130:
2117:
2108:
2106:
2101:
2092:
2090:
2083:
2068:
2063:
2056:
2054:
2048:
2042:
2027:
2018:
2016:
2014:
1999:
1990:
1988:
1979:
1970:
1968:
1957:
1948:
1946:
1936:
1930:
1912:
1903:
1901:
1891:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1865:
1860:
1854:
1839:
1830:
1828:
1814:
1805:
1803:
1800:The Independent
1792:
1786:
1769:
1760:
1758:
1744:
1715:
1682:
1673:
1671:
1662:
1646:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1624:
1620:
1612:
1608:
1600:
1589:
1581:
1577:
1569:
1565:
1557:
1553:
1545:
1541:
1533:
1529:
1521:
1517:
1509:
1505:
1497:
1493:
1485:
1478:
1470:
1466:
1458:
1454:
1446:
1442:
1434:
1427:
1419:
1415:
1407:
1403:
1395:
1388:
1380:
1371:
1363:
1359:
1351:
1347:
1339:
1335:
1327:
1318:
1310:
1306:
1298:
1291:
1283:
1276:
1268:
1264:
1256:
1252:
1244:
1240:
1232:
1228:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1173:
1169:
1161:
1150:
1142:
1138:
1130:
1123:
1115:
1106:
1098:
1094:
1086:
1082:
1074:
1070:
1062:
1055:
1049:Rusbridger 1991
1047:
1040:
1032:
1019:
1011:
1004:
996:
987:
979:
975:
969:Pilyatskin 2005
967:
958:
954:
949:
948:
935:
931:
926:
913:
911:
906:
897:
895:
890:
877:
871:
854:
848:
835:
829:
815:
806:
802:
793:
789:
780:
777:
775:Further reading
765:
738:-South African
705:
538:sting operation
522:Vladimir Vetrov
518:
422:Chapman Pincher
381:Chapman Pincher
351:
296:Sword of Honour
280:
271:
265:
262:
255:needs expansion
229:
129:
127:
126:
106:
77:Alma mater
62:
49:
46:
45:1 November 1935
40:
38:
37:
36:
26:
25:Dieter Gerhardt
17:
12:
11:
5:
3843:
3841:
3833:
3832:
3827:
3825:Naval attachés
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3727:
3726:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3716:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3687:
3685:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3636:
3634:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3625:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3604:
3599:
3591:
3583:
3578:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3554:
3545:
3543:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3533:
3528:
3519:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3474:
3473:
3472:
3458:
3456:
3455:Patrol Vessels
3452:
3451:
3449:
3448:
3445:Queen Modjadji
3440:
3431:
3421:
3419:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3400:
3391:
3382:
3372:
3370:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3339:
3337:
3333:
3332:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3309:
3302:
3294:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3254:Vitaly Shlykov
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3205:
3203:
3202:in combination
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3167:
3165:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3118:
3116:
3109:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3064:Geoffrey Prime
3061:
3056:
3051:
3049:Melita Norwood
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3008:
3003:
3001:Harry Houghton
2998:
2993:
2988:
2982:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2970:
2965:
2963:Donald Maclean
2960:
2955:
2950:
2944:
2942:
2940:Cambridge Five
2933:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2911:
2906:
2904:Robert Hanssen
2901:
2896:
2891:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2823:Richard Miller
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2788:Reino Häyhänen
2785:
2783:Robert Hanssen
2780:
2778:James Hall III
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2744:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2725:Flora Wovschin
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2705:Nathaniel Weyl
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2575:Harold Glasser
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2516:
2514:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2487:
2480:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2452:
2437:
2436:External links
2434:
2432:
2431:
2411:
2393:Johannesburg:
2387:
2375:
2361:
2339:
2319:
2300:
2294:
2279:
2254:
2234:
2228:
2213:
2207:
2192:
2183:
2170:
2164:
2149:
2143:
2128:
2115:
2099:
2081:
2066:
2064:(in Afrikaans)
2046:
2040:
2025:
2012:
1997:
1984:(in Russian).
1977:
1955:
1934:
1929:978-1869191146
1928:
1910:
1889:
1858:
1852:
1837:
1825:Glasgow Herald
1812:
1790:
1784:
1772:The Spy's Wife
1767:
1742:
1713:
1680:
1660:
1644:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1630:
1618:
1606:
1587:
1585:, p. 175.
1575:
1563:
1551:
1539:
1537:, p. 311.
1527:
1515:
1503:
1491:
1476:
1464:
1452:
1450:, p. 487.
1440:
1425:
1413:
1411:, p. 480.
1401:
1386:
1369:
1367:, p. 319.
1357:
1345:
1333:
1316:
1304:
1289:
1274:
1262:
1250:
1238:
1226:
1179:
1177:, p. 308.
1167:
1163:Pretorius 2011
1148:
1136:
1121:
1104:
1092:
1080:
1078:, p. 120.
1068:
1066:, p. 192.
1053:
1051:, p. 127.
1038:
1017:
1002:
1000:, p. 306.
985:
973:
955:
953:
950:
947:
946:
942:Nelson Mandela
928:
927:
925:
922:
921:
920:
904:
888:
875:
869:
852:
846:
833:
827:
813:
800:
787:
776:
773:
772:
771:
764:
761:
748:David Albright
704:
701:
655:National Party
643:Nelson Mandela
624:Nelson Mandela
598:his father, a
558:Vitaly Shlykov
528:" by France's
517:
514:
445:United Kingdom
411:The Spy's Wife
360:and served on
350:
349:Spy activities
347:
279:
276:
273:
272:
252:
250:
228:
225:
176:
175:
172:
171:
162:
158:
157:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
124:
120:
119:
113:
112:
103:
99:
98:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
50:
34:
32:
28:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3842:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3775:Living people
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3708:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3682:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3631:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3597:
3592:
3590:
3589:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3567:
3561:
3560:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3546:
3544:
3542:
3538:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3520:
3518:
3516:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3504:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3479:
3478:
3475:
3471:
3470:
3465:
3464:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3447:
3446:
3441:
3439:
3437:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3418:
3414:
3408:
3406:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3383:
3381:
3379:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3369:
3365:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3353:Fleet Command
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3315:
3310:
3308:
3303:
3301:
3296:
3295:
3292:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3269:Richard Sorge
3267:
3265:
3264:Siddiq Ghouse
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3214:Stig Bergling
3212:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3198:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3186:Hotsumi Ozaki
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3176:Yotoku Miyagi
3174:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3159:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3132:Igor Gouzenko
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3110:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3054:Alan Nunn May
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3044:Percy Glading
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3013:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2975:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2948:Anthony Blunt
2946:
2945:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2927:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2899:Peter Debbins
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2853:Oscar Seborer
2851:
2849:
2848:Robert Soblen
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2828:Ronald Pelton
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2700:Bill Weisband
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2675:Morton Sobell
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2665:Alfred Sarant
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2625:Isaiah Oggins
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2595:John Herrmann
2593:
2591:
2590:Theodore Hall
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2560:Judith Coplon
2558:
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2264:
2260:
2255:
2243:
2239:
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2225:
2221:
2220:
2214:
2210:
2208:0-313-31955-3
2204:
2200:
2199:
2193:
2189:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2171:
2167:
2165:0-7195-6675-4
2161:
2157:
2156:
2150:
2146:
2144:1-85043-338-0
2140:
2137:. IB Taurus.
2136:
2135:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2116:
2104:
2100:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2074:
2073:
2067:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2026:
2015:
2013:0-283-99379-0
2009:
2005:
2004:
1998:
1987:
1983:
1978:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1944:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1914:Malan, Magnus
1911:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1875:
1871:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1853:0-313-30247-2
1849:
1845:
1844:
1838:
1827:
1826:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1787:
1785:0-09-479490-1
1781:
1777:
1773:
1768:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
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1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
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1681:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1627:
1626:Liberman 2004
1622:
1619:
1616:, p. 48.
1615:
1610:
1607:
1604:, p. 42.
1603:
1602:Albright 1994
1598:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1579:
1576:
1572:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1555:
1552:
1548:
1543:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1528:
1525:, p. 35.
1524:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1504:
1500:
1495:
1492:
1488:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1436:Claassen 1992
1432:
1430:
1426:
1423:, p. 80.
1422:
1417:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1402:
1398:
1397:Stirling 1984
1393:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1353:Reynolds 2009
1349:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1312:Stirling 1984
1308:
1305:
1301:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1287:, p. 90.
1286:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1239:
1236:, p. 88.
1235:
1230:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1102:, p. 84.
1101:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1088:Stirling 1984
1084:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1036:, p. 71.
1035:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1013:Stirling 1984
1009:
1007:
1003:
999:
994:
992:
990:
986:
983:, p. 89.
982:
977:
974:
970:
965:
963:
961:
957:
951:
943:
939:
933:
930:
923:
910:
905:
894:
889:
885:
881:
876:
872:
870:2-253-04106-8
866:
862:
858:
853:
849:
843:
839:
834:
830:
828:2-89372-043-9
824:
820:
819:
814:
810:
805:Феликс и Лина
801:
797:
788:
784:
779:
778:
774:
770:
767:
766:
762:
760:
757:
756:
751:
749:
745:
742:, code-named
741:
737:
733:
732:Vela incident
729:
724:
722:
718:
709:
702:
700:
698:
694:
690:
686:
681:
679:
675:
672:
668:
664:
660:
659:Boris Yeltsin
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
631:
629:
625:
621:
617:
616:Barbara Hogan
612:
609:
608:George Munnik
605:
601:
597:
592:
588:
584:
580:
579:
574:
571:
566:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
534:New York City
531:
527:
523:
515:
513:
511:
506:
504:
501:
497:
493:
492:Falklands War
489:
485:
481:
476:
475:from Israel.
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
437:
433:
431:
427:
423:
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359:
358:
348:
346:
344:
341:, the Soviet
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
301:
297:
293:
289:
288:Hugo Biermann
285:
277:
269:
266:November 2020
260:
256:
253:This section
251:
248:
244:
243:
240:
238:
234:
226:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
201:New York City
198:
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186:
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155:
151:
148:
145:
141:
137:
125:
121:
118:
114:
104:
100:
96:
92:
89:
87:Occupation(s)
85:
82:
79:
75:
72:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
47:(age 88)
33:
29:
22:
19:
3785:GRU officers
3670:Active ships
3595:
3587:
3558:
3550:
3541:Mine hunters
3526: (A324)
3523:
3517: (A301)
3514:
3483:
3468:
3444:
3438: (S102)
3435:
3429: (S101)
3426:
3407: (F148)
3404:
3398: (F147)
3395:
3389: (F146)
3386:
3380: (F145)
3377:
3274:Arne Treholt
3249:Ignace Reiss
3218:
3191:Ryūzō Sejima
3181:Sanzō Nosaka
3137:Elena Miller
3094:John Vassall
3069:Goronwy Rees
3024:George Blake
3006:Konon Molody
2991:Morris Cohen
2913:
2894:Anna Chapman
2813:Robert Lipka
2803:Karl Koecher
2753:Aldrich Ames
2715:Maria Wicher
2655:Vincent Reno
2650:Lee Pressman
2635:Victor Perlo
2630:William Perl
2620:Boris Morros
2615:Hede Massing
2605:George Koval
2555:Morris Cohen
2535:Earl Browder
2458:(in Russian)
2445:(in Russian)
2423:. Retrieved
2403:. Retrieved
2399:the original
2382:
2368:
2353:. Retrieved
2347:
2331:. Retrieved
2314:
2308:
2284:
2271:. Retrieved
2267:the original
2246:. Retrieved
2218:
2197:
2179:the original
2154:
2133:
2123:
2107:. Retrieved
2091:. Retrieved
2087:the original
2071:
2055:. Retrieved
2030:
2017:. Retrieved
2002:
1989:. Retrieved
1969:. Retrieved
1963:
1947:. Retrieved
1943:the original
1918:
1902:. Retrieved
1900:. Washington
1898:The Guardian
1897:
1881:. Retrieved
1874:the original
1869:
1842:
1829:. Retrieved
1823:
1804:. Retrieved
1798:
1771:
1759:. Retrieved
1755:the original
1724:(6): 15–17.
1721:
1717:
1695:(4): 37–47.
1692:
1688:
1672:. Retrieved
1656:the original
1628:, p. 3.
1621:
1609:
1578:
1566:
1554:
1542:
1530:
1518:
1506:
1494:
1474:, p. 7.
1467:
1455:
1443:
1416:
1404:
1399:, p. 1.
1365:Trahair 2004
1360:
1348:
1336:
1314:, p. 6.
1307:
1302:, p. 5.
1285:Trahair 2004
1265:
1260:, p. 3.
1253:
1246:McGreal 2010
1241:
1229:
1199:(2): 46–80.
1196:
1192:
1182:
1170:
1144:Pincher 1987
1139:
1095:
1083:
1071:
1064:Sanders 2006
1015:, p. 4.
981:Trahair 2004
976:
938:Helen Suzman
932:
912:. Retrieved
896:. Retrieved
860:
856:
837:
817:
796:Open Sesame!
795:
753:
752:
743:
740:nuclear test
727:
725:
714:
697:rear admiral
682:
674:Magnus Malan
632:
613:
604:World War II
587:high treason
576:
567:
519:
510:Swiss francs
507:
477:
442:
415:
410:
396:
392:Janet Coggin
363:
356:
352:
333:, where the
323:Bram Fischer
311:RAF Abingdon
292:Saldanha Bay
281:
263:
259:adding to it
254:
237:Nazi Germany
230:
217:South Africa
205:high treason
193:Simon's Town
180:
179:
136:Soviet Union
116:
60:Nazi Germany
18:
3770:1935 births
3515:Drakensberg
3259:Herman Simm
3244:Alfred Redl
3200:Elsewhere /
3099:Arthur Wynn
3039:Klaus Fuchs
3029:David Crook
2953:Guy Burgess
2882:Post-Soviet
2773:Jack Dunlap
2748:Rudolf Abel
2720:Nathan Witt
2695:Harold Ware
2670:Saville Sax
2600:Donald Hiss
2570:Klaus Fuchs
2540:Boris Bukov
2462:Translation
2449:Translation
2425:14 February
2405:13 February
2329:. 1983–1992
2057:22 December
1614:Wilson 1997
1511:Suzman 2009
1132:Coggin 1999
840:. Ashanti.
689:Switzerland
663:FW de Klerk
635:FW de Klerk
546:mathematics
373:Sea Sparrow
357:Collingwood
329:embassy in
107:Ruth Johr (
67:Nationality
3729:Categories
3427:Manthatisi
3417:Submarines
3387:Isandlwana
3336:Leadership
2986:Lona Cohen
2968:Kim Philby
2843:Myra Soble
2838:Jack Soble
2580:Harry Gold
2565:Noel Field
2550:Lona Cohen
2355:17 January
2333:12 January
2248:10 January
2093:31 January
1991:12 January
1971:12 January
1949:10 January
1922:. Protea.
1904:10 January
1883:31 January
1831:17 January
1806:11 October
1761:13 January
1674:17 January
1635:References
1535:Malan 2006
1341:Weiss 2008
1175:Malan 2006
998:Malan 2006
699:restored.
573:P.W. Botha
480:Simonstown
315:Royal Navy
307:Portsmouth
305:school in
300:Royal Navy
123:Allegiance
41:1935-11-01
3596:Wingfield
3594:SAS
3586:SAS
3559:Umzimkulu
3557:SAS
3549:SAS
3522:SAS
3513:SAS
3497:Namacurra
3482:SAS
3467:SAS
3443:SAS
3434:SAS
3425:SAS
3403:SAS
3396:Spioenkop
3394:SAS
3385:SAS
3376:SAS
3152:Fred Rose
3059:John Peet
2996:Ethel Gee
2640:J. Peters
2525:Joel Barr
2505:In the US
2273:6 January
1583:Rice 2010
1559:SAPA-1992
1221:144942510
1213:1073-6700
1117:Cook 1999
1076:West 2010
952:Footnotes
914:4 January
898:4 January
730:that the
721:Pelindaba
711:Pelindaba
669:. Former
596:interning
591:apartheid
578:in camera
568:The then
488:Cape Town
461:Air Force
418:Ruth Johr
388:submarine
362:HMS
355:HMS
335:"walk-in"
185:commodore
156:1962–1983
102:Spouse(s)
95:Commodore
3588:Saldanha
3469:Makhanda
3368:Frigates
3122:Sam Carr
2740:Cold War
2520:John Abt
2109:10 April
1986:Izvestia
1916:(2006).
1487:ANC 1992
809:Izvestia
763:See also
620:PW Botha
526:Farewell
496:Atlantic
453:Pretoria
403:executed
399:Cold War
211:for the
161:Codename
3691:IBSAMAR
3633:History
3551:Umhloti
3492:T Craft
3378:Amatola
2929:In the
1726:Bibcode
1697:Bibcode
1460:AP-1988
783:Haaretz
736:Israeli
723:plant.
581:in the
552:. The
540:by the
469:Israeli
449:Armscor
407:Ireland
385:Polaris
213:Soviets
187:in the
164:Felix (
91:SA Navy
56:Prussia
3524:Protea
3326:
3114:Canada
2292:
2244:. 1999
2226:
2205:
2162:
2141:
2079:
2038:
2019:21 May
2010:
1926:
1850:
1782:
1499:AK2444
1219:
1211:
884:Pravda
867:
844:
825:
651:CODESA
562:Zürich
430:Moscow
377:Exocet
369:SeaCat
331:London
327:Soviet
233:Berlin
167:Феликс
133:
52:Berlin
3405:Mendi
3163:Japan
1877:(PDF)
1866:(PDF)
1217:S2CID
924:Notes
859:[
794:[
685:Basel
364:Tenby
207:as a
111:1973)
3531:Tugs
2427:2012
2407:2012
2357:2012
2335:2012
2317:(5).
2290:ISBN
2275:2012
2250:2012
2224:ISBN
2203:ISBN
2160:ISBN
2139:ISBN
2111:2010
2095:2012
2077:ISBN
2059:2011
2036:ISBN
2021:2008
2008:ISBN
1993:2012
1973:2012
1951:2012
1924:ISBN
1906:2012
1885:2012
1848:ISBN
1833:2011
1808:2010
1780:ISBN
1763:2012
1711:. 4.
1676:2012
1209:ISSN
940:and
916:2013
900:2013
865:ISBN
842:ISBN
823:ISBN
647:SADF
600:Nazi
459:and
371:and
303:mine
31:Born
3161:In
3112:In
2315:174
1734:doi
1705:doi
1652:ANC
1201:doi
639:ANC
554:CIA
548:at
530:DST
339:GRU
261:.
209:spy
199:in
197:FBI
3731::
2931:UK
2417:.
2381:.
2367:.
2346:.
2325:.
2313:.
2307:.
2261:.
2240:.
2122:.
1962:.
1896:.
1868:.
1822:.
1797:.
1778:.
1774:.
1749:.
1732:.
1722:53
1720:.
1703:.
1693:50
1691:.
1687:.
1666:.
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1479:^
1428:^
1389:^
1372:^
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1292:^
1277:^
1215:.
1207:.
1197:11
1195:.
1191:.
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1124:^
1107:^
1056:^
1041:^
1020:^
1005:^
988:^
959:^
882:.
687:,
680:.
630:.
413:.
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239:.
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2491:e
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2477:v
2464:)
2460:(
2451:)
2447:(
2429:.
2409:.
2359:.
2337:.
2298:.
2277:.
2252:.
2232:.
2211:.
2168:.
2147:.
2126:.
2113:.
2097:.
2061:.
2044:.
2023:.
1995:.
1975:.
1953:.
1932:.
1908:.
1887:.
1856:.
1835:.
1810:.
1788:.
1765:.
1740:.
1736::
1728::
1707::
1699::
1678:.
1573:.
1561:.
1549:.
1513:.
1501:.
1489:.
1462:.
1438:.
1384:.
1355:.
1343:.
1331:.
1272:.
1248:.
1223:.
1203::
1165:.
1146:.
1134:.
1119:.
1090:.
971:.
918:.
902:.
886:.
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268:)
264:(
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