235:. For this to take place, the individual must be over 18 years old and obtain a New Zealand citizenship or permanent residency. However, he or she can be denied this right in some contexts. For example, a person with disability is disqualified from voting if they have been detained for three or more years for a criminal offense. In addition, the right to a secret ballot can be compromised when the voter has visual impairment or has difficulty interpreting and reading the ballot. The individual would need assistance in placing their vote, therefore disclosing their preference to another person.
63:
304:
of all abilities", which aimed at ensuring that people with disabilities are empowered to create and use opportunity. At this event, thousands of bright orange wristbands with "Inclusion
Matters" written on them were sent out to organisations throughout New Zealand for the day of celebration and acknowledgement. The government of New Zealand believes that by wearing the wristband, "you are calling for the inclusion of disabled people into all areas of life."
252:
a barrier-free physical and social environment. The Better Design and
Buildings for Everyone: Disabled People's Rights and the Built Environment Report 2012 found that New Zealand's built environment is rarely designed in considerations of all users. This particularly excludes people with disabilities, approximately 17 to 20 percent of New Zealand's population, from using and accessing facilities and services like buildings, parks and recreation facilities.
201:
environment where duties are performed poses an unreasonable risk to the person with disability or to those around them, including the risk of infecting others with an illness, then this is considered a lawful justification for discrimination as well. However, a justification will not be lawful if the duties can be performed with some adjustment of activities by the employer that does not involve unreasonable disruption.
108:
disabilities and ensuring that they are treated fairly and equally under the law. It provides these individuals with a voice, visibility, and legitimacy as equal human beings in New
Zealand and around the world. Although the Convention does not create new rights or entitlements, it expresses existing rights in a way that address the needs and situations of people with disabilities. New Zealand ratified the
83:. Article 1 of the Universal Declaration says that all human beings are born free and equal with dignity and rights. The Declaration became the standard in judging government conduct in relations to human rights. Although the Declaration started out as having only moral and political authority, unable to create legal obligations like the
91:(ICESCR), its principles are now widely recognized. Today, the Declaration has attained a legal force as being part of the customary law of nations, including New Zealand. In addition, The Declaration has become the authority in interpreting human rights provisions of the United Nations Charter, binding all members.
260:
The Better
Information for Everyone: Disabled People's Rights in the Information Age Report found that information is not accessible to a wide range of people with disabilities. Human rights depend on the accessibility of information, products and services. New Zealand information and communications
251:
The Human Rights
Commission claims that New Zealand is a fully inclusive society that recognises and values people with disability as equal participants. The needs of these individuals are considered integral to the social and economic order and not identified as "special". A full inclusion requires
238:
The
Political Participation for Everyone Report found that New Zealand's voting and political systems were not designed for everyone, specifically at disadvantage are those with disability. It found that people with disabilities have experienced hurdles in exercising their right to vote and right to
217:
The Human Rights Act also protects people from both direct and indirect discrimination. 'Indirect discrimination' describes the situation where an apparently neutral practice or condition has a disproportionate, negative impact on one of the groups against whom it is unlawful to discriminate, and the
182:
Discrimination happens when a person is treated unfairly or less-favourably than other people in the same or similar circumstances. Discrimination can also occur against the relatives and associates of the people with disabilities. Discrimination is only unlawful if it happens in one of the areas of
303:
first started in 1992 and it is celebrated yearly on
December 3. The United Nations promotes this day across the world to encourage a better understanding of disability issues. Each year has a different theme. For example, the theme for 2015 was "Inclusion matters: access and empowerment for people
99:
The United
Nations assumed the Universal Declaration would be enough in protecting everyone. However, the 650 million people in the world with disabilities, representing 10 percent of the world population, lack opportunities available to the mainstream population. People with disabilities face many
281:
with interpreters available. In addition, the commission offers free and confidential services. It can advise complainants on whether the complaint is covered by the Human Rights Act and if the commission can help through mediation. If mediation does not work, advice can be given on possible legal
200:
Lawful justifications of discrimination based on disability exist as well. In relation to employment, a person with a disability can be treated differently if they can not perform duties without the help of special services that are unreasonable to expect from the employer. In addition, if the
107:
is the international standard for rights of the people with disabilities. New
Zealand ratified the Convention in 2008 and therefore has a legal obligation to respect, promote, and fulfill the rights provided in the convention. The convention is aimed at protecting the dignity of people with
218:
practice or condition cannot be justified objectively. People with disabilities are specifically susceptible to indirect discrimination. For example, indirect discrimination takes place against people who use wheelchairs if the only way to get to a store is by climbing the stairs.
133:
and provides the right to be free from disability discrimination on the grounds stated in the Human Rights Act 1993. Despite propositions that the NZ BORA has obtained 'constitutional status', it is not supreme law, and it can still be overridden by Acts of the
Parliament.
285:
The commission also developed guidelines for using disability rights language as a practical tool when referring to people with disability. However, the word-choice can reflect attitudes toward people with disability. Because of this, the Commission suggested to use
290:
that recognises a person with disability is, first and foremost, a person. In their view, this is one of the many ways New Zealand can promote and respect the dignity of people with disability in accordance with the Disability Convention.
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204:
New Zealand law allows for immigrants to be denied citizenship if they would require expensive treatment from the public healthcare. Immigrant and disability rights activists in New Zealand oppose these immigration laws as
300:
242:
On September 20, 2014, New Zealand introduced voting by telephone. For this reason, The United Nations commended the country on its Concluding Observations for enabling people with disabilities to vote.
239:
participate in political and public life. These hurdles included inaccessible information and voting papers and a lack of physical facilities where people with disabilities can engage with politicians.
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100:
physical and social obstacles that prevent them from exercising many of their rights. Therefore, a convention that deals with disability and the rights of people with disabilities was necessary.
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provided a formula to help determine whether an activity or a practice amounts to unlawful discrimination. The following components must be present for the discrimination to be unlawful:
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were found to have often been designed for one kind of end user: an individual who is internet-literate, can see and read in English competently, and lacks learning disabilities.
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129:(NZ BORA) aimed to affirm, protect and promote human rights and fundamental freedoms in New Zealand. In addition, the NZ BORA affirms New Zealand's commitment to the
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277:. An individual can make a complain to the Human Rights Commission if they feel that their human rights have been breached. A complaint can be made in
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makes discrimination based on disability, without lawful justification, unlawful. Section 21(1)(h) of the act defines disability as:
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Better Design and Buildings for Everyone: Disabled People's Rights and the Built Environment Report 2012
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Political Participation for Everyone: Disabled People's Rights and the Political Process Report 2012
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637:"Electoral Act 1993 No 87 (as at 01 December 2020), Public Act Contents – New Zealand Legislation"
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Any other loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function
1918:
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1109:
407:
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672:
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191:
Ground + area + disadvantage + absence of exception or justification = unlawful discrimination.
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Better Information for Everyone: Disabled People's Rights in the Information Age Report 2012
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319:
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The presence in the body of organisms capable of causing illness (such as HIV or hepatitis)
794:
338:
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activity set out in the Act, including employment, education, or government activity. The
17:
661:
Political participation for everyone: disabled people's rights and the political process
364:"Human Rights Commission :: Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities"
76:
685:
UN's Concluding Observations of the New Zealand Disabled Person's Organisations Report
2021:
278:
232:
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31:
1944:
34:. Instead, disability rights are addressed through human rights legislation.
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responsible for administering the Human Rights Act 1993 and monitoring the
484:
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819:
695:
693:
206:
761:"Human Rights Commission :: Be included and include all on 3 Dec"
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Human Rights in New Zealand 2010: International Human Rights Framework
580:"New Zealand denies entry to autistic daughter of immigrant couple"
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The NZ BORA gives a person with disability equal right to vote by
61:
747:
332:
Human Rights in New Zealand: International Human Rights Framework
1948:
823:
89:
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
165:
Reliance on a guide dog, wheelchair, or other remedial means
787:
351:
New Zealand and the Origins of the Universal Declaration
408:"Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities"
159:
Intellectual or psychological disability or impairment
275:
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
105:
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
95:
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
52:
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
85:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
1869:
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International Day of Persons with Disability Themes
800:New Zealand Disabled Person's Organisations Report
30:are not specifically addressed by legislation in
320:Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 2
222:Disability protections and awareness initiatives
79:on October 24, 1945, and was a signatory in the
624:New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990, section 12
428:New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990, long title
301:International Day of Persons with Disabilities
1960:
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8:
50:also signed and ratified the United Nations
386:"Rights for the Disabled - NZ Human Rights"
1967:
1953:
1945:
842:
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514:"Resolving Discrimination and Harassment"
353:(1999) 29 Victoria U Wellington L.Rev. 1.
71:The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
555:Human Rights Act 1993, section 29(1)(a)
489:Resolving discrimination and harassment
473:Human Rights Act 1993, section 21(1)(h)
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295:Recognition of people with disabilities
173:Disability rights issues in New Zealand
121:The New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990
736:Guide using disability rights language
501:People with Disabilities: Your Rights
441:"New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990"
81:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
7:
185:New Zealand Human Rights Commission
127:New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990
75:New Zealand became a member of the
40:New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990
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567:Human Rights Act 1993, section 35
269:The commission is an independent
150:Physical disability or impairment
1768:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
920:Democratic Republic of the Congo
700:Disabled People's Rights Reports
805:Disabled People's Rights Report
112:to the CRPD on 4 October 2016.
810:New Zealand Bill of Rights Act
1:
227:Equal suffrage and by ballot
2038:Human rights in New Zealand
1976:Human rights in New Zealand
985:Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire)
36:Human rights in New Zealand
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2028:Disability in New Zealand
1982:
608:"Indirect discrimination"
138:The Human Rights Act 1993
58:International obligations
18:Disability in New Zealand
905:Central African Republic
388:. Hrc.co.nz. 7 July 2005
209:" and "discriminatory".
142:Section 21(1)(h) of the
788:Human Rights Commission
641:www.legislation.govt.nz
535:"Human Rights Act 1993"
288:people-centred language
213:Indirect discrimination
178:Unlawful Discrimination
66:Wilson's Home, Auckland
1435:Bosnia and Herzegovina
148:
67:
1758:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1065:São Tomé and Príncipe
925:Republic of the Congo
850:Disability by country
815:Human Rights Act 1993
793:22 April 2016 at the
256:Access to information
247:General accessibility
196:Lawful Discrimination
65:
44:Human Rights Act 1993
38:are protected by the
1377:United Arab Emirates
116:National legislation
1773:Trinidad and Tobago
1668:Antigua and Barbuda
156:Psychiatric illness
103:The United Nations
1708:Dominican Republic
337:2016-08-06 at the
265:Making a complaint
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42:(NZ BORA) and the
2033:Disability rights
2015:
2014:
1992:Disability rights
1987:Children's rights
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940:Equatorial Guinea
110:Optional Protocol
28:Disability rights
16:(Redirected from
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87:(ICCPR) and the
54:(CRPD) in 2008.
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366:. Hrc.co.nz
48:New Zealand
32:New Zealand
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308:References
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1030:Mauritius
282:options.
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1914:Paraguay
1899:Colombia
1806:Kiribati
1733:Honduras
1703:Dominica
1678:Barbados
1610:Slovenia
1605:Slovakia
1580:Portugal
1440:Bulgaria
1362:Thailand
1302:Pakistan
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1277:Maldives
1272:Malaysia
1188:Cambodia
1130:Zimbabwe
1105:Tanzania
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930:Djibouti
895:Cameroon
880:Botswana
791:Archived
335:Archived
1929:Uruguay
1904:Ecuador
1884:Bolivia
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1738:Jamaica
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1480:Georgia
1470:Finland
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1430:Belgium
1425:Belarus
1420:Austria
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1387:Vietnam
1267:Lebanon
1163:Bahrain
1153:Armenia
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1085:Somalia
1070:Senegal
1055:Nigeria
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1035:Morocco
1000:Liberia
995:Lesotho
945:Eritrea
915:Comoros
890:Burundi
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207:ableist
1909:Guyana
1889:Brazil
1856:Tuvalu
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1743:Mexico
1688:Canada
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1630:Turkey
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1515:Kosovo
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392:26 May
370:26 May
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1851:Tonga
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1728:Haiti
1615:Spain
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1287:Nepal
1237:Japan
1212:India
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1100:Sudan
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646:6 May
611:(PDF)
592:7 May
540:5 May
519:5 May
446:5 May
413:5 May
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1262:Laos
1227:Iraq
1222:Iran
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910:Chad
772:2021
648:2021
594:2022
542:2016
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