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To do so, DG RTD contributes to the
European Semester by analysing national R&I policies, by assessing their strengths and weaknesses, and by formulating country specific recommendations where necessary. It monitors and contributes to the realisation of the Innovation Union flagship initiative
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To make Europe a better place to live and work, by developing and implementing R&I policy to improve Europe's competitiveness, boost its growth, create jobs, and tackle the main current and future societal challenges.
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The
Directorate-General for Research and Innovation defines and implements European Research and Innovation (R&I) policy with a view to achieving the goals of the
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To fulfil its mission, the
Directorate General works closely with several other Commission departments (DGs) and executive agencies.
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4802:"Directorate-General for Research & Innovation - Mission - Research & Innovation - European Commission"
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European
Commissioner for Innovation, Research, Culture, Education and Youth
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Authority for
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Agencies, decentralised independent bodies and joint undertakings
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strategy and its key flagship initiative, the
Innovation Union.
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Post-Brexit United
Kingdom relations with the European Union
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1970:
1260:
Economic and
Financial Affairs configuration of the Council
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Joint
Research Centre (a DG of the European Commission)
1255:Committee on Budgetary Control of the Parliament
4878:Directorates-General in the European Commission
4634:Directorate-General for Research and Innovation
1432:European Institute of Innovation and Technology
534:Countries with suspended accession negotiations
4823:"What is Horizon 2020? - European Commission"
4613:
8:
4676:. It funds Research and Innovation through
4684:) taking a strategic programming approach.
3357:Political groups of the European Parliament
1428:Decentralised independent bodies of the EU
4620:
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26:
1531:Publications Office of the European Union
3954:European System of Financial Supervision
1250:Internal Audit Service of the Commission
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4460:United Kingdom–European Union relations
2385:Non Euro countries relationship to Euro
38:
4482:United States–European Union relations
1501:European Economic and Social Committee
4708:Director Bioeconomy and Food System:
4505:European Union and the United Nations
4037:Foreign relations of EU member states
7:
4656:and Director-General Marc Lemaître.
4510:European Union Association Agreement
4445:Switzerland–European Union relations
3342:Elections to the European Parliament
4415:Kazakhstan–European Union relations
1966:Nuclear power in the European Union
1541:European Personnel Selection Office
1476:European Data Protection Supervisor
1437:European Public Prosecutor's Office
4569:Convention on the Future of Europe
4500:Microstates and the European Union
4380:Australia–European Union relations
4370:Argentina–European Union relations
3314:Microstates and the European Union
2863:Non-Schengen area EU member states
603:Withdrawal from the European Union
25:
4547:European Coal and Steel Community
1511:European Union Military Committee
1496:European Committee of the Regions
1399:Decentralised agencies of the EU
1127:Member of the European Parliament
798:Abandoned treaties and agreements
4863:EURAXESS - researchers in motion
4777:Science and technology in Europe
4750:European Institute of Technology
4745:European Charter for Researchers
4580:
4455:Ukraine–European Union relations
4430:Moldova–European Union relations
4410:Iceland–European Union relations
4405:Georgia–European Union relations
4375:Armenia–European Union relations
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2856:Visa policy of the Schengen Area
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1536:European External Action Service
1506:Political and Security Committee
1413:European Supervisory Authorities
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18:Directorate-General for Research
4705:Director General: Marc Lemaître
4450:Turkey–European Union relations
4440:Russia–European Union relations
4435:Norway–European Union relations
4425:Mexico–European Union relations
4390:Canada–European Union relations
4385:Brazil–European Union relations
3910:Passports of the European Union
2900:Schengen Area from January 2023
4420:Japan–European Union relations
4395:China–European Union relations
1551:European Administrative School
1447:European Data Protection Board
1332:European Investment Bank Group
41:Politics of the European Union
1:
4400:European Union–NATO relations
3446:Elections in EU member states
3377:Referendums related to the EU
1372:European University Institute
1366:European University Institute
593:Germany–Netherlands relations
3937:European Banking Supervision
1975:Euratom since 1 January 2021
1422:Executive agencies of the EU
1359:European Stability Mechanism
1353:European Stability Mechanism
4782:Scientific Advice Mechanism
4552:European Economic Community
3942:Single Resolution Mechanism
3309:EEA National Identity cards
2846:Schengen Information System
2378:Enlargement of the eurozone
1987:Economic and Monetary Union
1443:Corporate bodies of the EU
1061:Council preparatory bodies
810:UK membership renegotiation
4894:
4846:. Ec.europa.eu. 2015-08-25
4688:Long-term Objective (2020)
4672:and the completion of the
1525:Inter-institutional bodies
1270:Public Prosecutor's Office
1237:European Court of Auditors
1230:European Court of Auditors
1183:Court of Justice of the EU
4756:European Research Council
4587:European Union portal
1190:European Court of Justice
617:Treaties and Declarations
583:Belgium–Germany relations
1470:Other independent bodies
915:Legislative institutions
888:College of Commissioners
868:Von der Leyen Commission
588:France–Germany relations
30:This article is part of
2851:Visa Information System
2279:Other currencies in use
1070:Council Working Parties
4674:European Research Area
4564:Western European Union
3932:European banking union
3868:European Single Market
3437:2024 (latest election)
3324:
3323:European Economic Area
2912:European Economic Area
2901:
2435:
1976:
1402:Single market agencies
823:Executive institutions
763:Treaties of succession
454:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3949:Capital Markets Union
3861:Free Trade Agreements
3322:
2899:
2433:
1974:
1283:European Central Bank
1244:Other auditory bodies
1224:Auditory institutions
1177:Judicial institutions
922:Legislative procedure
804:European Constitution
728:Treaties of accession
4702:Commissioner: vacant
4678:Framework Programmes
4541:European Communities
3981:Enhanced cooperation
3352:European foundations
2969:(provisional member)
1518:EU/ESA Space Council
1385:Unified Patent Court
1379:Unified Patent Court
1165:National parliaments
1055:Directorates-general
4646:European Commission
4642:Directorate-General
4020:Ext. Action Service
4005:High Representative
3971:European Federation
3845:Policies and issues
3304:EEA Joint Committee
2434:Eurozone since 2015
1456:Joint undertakings
1080:European Parliament
861:European Commission
684:Treaty of Amsterdam
672:Single European Act
624:Schuman Declaration
578:Special territories
556:Applicant countries
428:Candidate countries
4559:European Community
4490:Common Travel Area
3976:Multi-speed Europe
3833:Fundamental Rights
3384:European elections
3325:
2902:
2436:
1977:
1481:European Ombudsman
958:July–December 2024
784:Schengen Agreement
696:Berlin Declaration
666:Solemn Declaration
636:Europe Declaration
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4629:
3998:Foreign relations
1931:Associated states
1546:Anti-Fraud Office
1265:Anti-Fraud Office
1200:Advocates General
1046:Secretary-General
930:Council of the EU
898:Secretary-General
678:Maastricht Treaty
16:(Redirected from
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3966:Supranationalism
3873:Area of FS&J
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3181:
3170:
3169:
3158:
3157:
3146:
3145:
3134:
3133:
3122:
3121:
3110:
3109:
3098:
3097:
3086:
3085:
3074:
3073:
3062:
3061:
3050:
3049:
3038:
3037:
3026:
3025:
3014:
3013:
3002:
3001:
2990:
2989:
2978:
2977:
2965:
2964:
2953:
2952:
2941:
2940:
2929:
2928:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2830:
2829:
2828:
2817:
2816:
2815:
2804:
2803:
2802:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2757:
2756:
2755:
2744:
2743:
2742:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2718:
2717:
2716:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2653:
2652:
2651:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2627:
2626:
2625:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2601:
2600:
2599:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2549:
2548:
2547:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2458:
2457:
2456:
2363:
2362:
2351:
2350:
2339:
2338:
2329:Hungarian forint
2327:
2326:
2315:
2314:
2303:
2302:
2291:
2290:
2264:
2263:
2234:
2233:
2222:
2221:
2210:
2209:
2198:
2197:
2186:
2185:
2174:
2173:
2162:
2161:
2150:
2149:
2138:
2137:
2126:
2125:
2114:
2113:
2102:
2101:
2090:
2089:
2078:
2077:
2066:
2065:
2054:
2053:
2042:
2041:
2030:
2029:
2018:
2017:
2006:
2005:
1994:Eurozone members
1955:
1954:
1953:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1907:
1906:
1905:
1894:
1893:
1892:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1855:
1854:
1853:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1790:
1789:
1788:
1777:
1776:
1775:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1660:
1659:
1658:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1608:
1607:
1606:
1595:
1594:
1593:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1425:Euratom agencies
1050:Thérèse Blanchet
948:
947:
851:List of meetings
829:European Council
702:Treaty of Lisbon
568:
567:
546:
545:
524:
523:
512:
511:
500:
499:
488:
487:
476:
475:
464:
463:
452:
451:
440:
439:
416:
415:
414:
403:
402:
401:
390:
389:
388:
377:
376:
375:
364:
363:
362:
351:
350:
349:
338:
337:
336:
325:
324:
323:
312:
311:
310:
299:
298:
297:
286:
285:
284:
273:
272:
271:
260:
259:
258:
247:
246:
245:
234:
233:
232:
221:
220:
219:
208:
207:
206:
195:
194:
193:
182:
181:
180:
169:
168:
167:
156:
155:
154:
143:
142:
141:
130:
129:
128:
117:
116:
115:
104:
103:
102:
91:
90:
89:
78:
77:
76:
52:
27:
21:
4893:
4892:
4888:
4887:
4886:
4884:
4883:
4882:
4868:
4867:
4859:
4858:
4849:
4847:
4842:
4841:
4837:
4828:
4826:
4821:
4820:
4816:
4807:
4805:
4800:
4799:
4795:
4790:
4772:Lisbon Strategy
4726:
4718:
4699:
4690:
4662:
4626:
4597:
4593:Other countries
4581:
4579:
4574:
4573:
4536:
4528:
4527:
4514:
4486:
4366:
4354:
4342:
4330:
4318:
4306:
4294:
4282:
4270:
4258:
4246:
4234:
4222:
4210:
4198:
4186:
4174:
4162:
4150:
4138:
4126:
4114:
4102:
4090:
4078:
4066:
4054:
4042:
4039:
4034:
4016:
4008:
4000:
3990:
3989:
3920:Pro-Europeanism
3846:
3838:
3837:
3786:
3776:
3775:
3763:
3751:
3739:
3727:
3715:
3703:
3691:
3679:
3667:
3655:
3643:
3631:
3619:
3607:
3595:
3583:
3571:
3559:
3547:
3535:
3523:
3511:
3499:
3487:
3475:
3463:
3451:
3448:
3443:
3442:
3441:
3386:
3381:
3362:Spitzenkandidat
3337:
3327:
3326:
3300:
3295:
3284:
3282:
3271:
3269:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3248:
3236:
3224:
3212:
3200:
3188:
3176:
3164:
3152:
3140:
3128:
3116:
3104:
3092:
3080:
3068:
3056:
3044:
3032:
3020:
3008:
2996:
2984:
2972:
2959:
2947:
2935:
2923:
2920:
2914:
2904:
2903:
2883:
2881:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2860:
2841:Prüm Convention
2837:
2826:
2824:
2813:
2811:
2800:
2798:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2777:
2766:
2764:
2753:
2751:
2740:
2738:
2727:
2725:
2714:
2712:
2701:
2699:
2688:
2686:
2675:
2673:
2662:
2660:
2649:
2647:
2636:
2634:
2623:
2621:
2610:
2608:
2597:
2595:
2584:
2582:
2571:
2569:
2558:
2556:
2545:
2543:
2532:
2530:
2519:
2517:
2506:
2504:
2493:
2491:
2480:
2478:
2467:
2465:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2438:
2437:
2428:
2427:
2387:
2382:
2369:
2357:
2345:
2333:
2321:
2309:
2297:
2285:
2282:
2275:
2273:
2266:Paschal Donohoe
2258:
2250:
2243:
2241:
2228:
2216:
2204:
2192:
2180:
2168:
2156:
2144:
2132:
2120:
2108:
2096:
2084:
2072:
2060:
2048:
2036:
2024:
2012:
2000:
1997:
1989:
1979:
1978:
1962:
1951:
1949:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1928:
1927:
1916:
1914:
1903:
1901:
1890:
1888:
1877:
1875:
1864:
1862:
1851:
1849:
1838:
1836:
1825:
1823:
1812:
1810:
1799:
1797:
1786:
1784:
1773:
1771:
1760:
1758:
1747:
1745:
1734:
1732:
1721:
1719:
1708:
1706:
1695:
1693:
1682:
1680:
1669:
1667:
1656:
1654:
1643:
1641:
1630:
1628:
1617:
1615:
1604:
1602:
1591:
1589:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1570:Euratom members
1566:
1556:
1555:
1527:
1522:
1492:
1489:Advisory bodies
1485:
1472:
1467:
1396:
1389:
1381:
1376:
1368:
1363:
1355:
1350:
1343:Investment Fund
1338:Investment Bank
1334:
1328:
1320:
1319:
1285:
1275:
1274:
1246:
1241:
1233:
1225:
1217:
1216:
1186:
1178:
1170:
1169:
1168:
1161:
1145:Vice Presidents
1089:
1083:
1076:
1032:
1031:
1030:
968:
963:
962:
961:
954:
942:
940:
933:
926:
917:
907:
906:
883:Vice Presidents
864:
857:
832:
824:
816:
815:
800:
795:
780:
775:
774:
765:
760:
759:
730:
725:
724:
719:
630:Treaty of Paris
619:
609:
608:
607:
574:
562:
559:
552:
540:
537:
530:
518:
506:
502:North Macedonia
494:
482:
470:
458:
446:
434:
431:
424:
423:
412:
410:
399:
397:
386:
384:
373:
371:
360:
358:
347:
345:
334:
332:
321:
319:
308:
306:
295:
293:
282:
280:
269:
267:
256:
254:
243:
241:
230:
228:
217:
215:
204:
202:
191:
189:
178:
176:
165:
163:
152:
150:
139:
137:
126:
124:
113:
111:
100:
98:
87:
85:
74:
72:
67:
43:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4891:
4889:
4881:
4880:
4870:
4869:
4866:
4865:
4857:
4856:
4835:
4825:. Ec.europa.eu
4814:
4804:. Ec.europa.eu
4792:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4753:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4725:
4722:
4717:
4714:
4713:
4712:
4710:Peter Wehrheim
4706:
4703:
4698:
4695:
4689:
4686:
4661:
4658:
4654:Mariya Gabriel
4628:
4627:
4625:
4624:
4617:
4610:
4602:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4595:
4589:
4576:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4555:
4554:
4549:
4537:
4535:Defunct bodies
4534:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4526:
4525:
4520:
4513:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4485:
4484:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4472:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4365:
4364:
4352:
4340:
4328:
4316:
4304:
4292:
4280:
4268:
4256:
4244:
4232:
4220:
4208:
4196:
4184:
4172:
4160:
4148:
4136:
4124:
4112:
4110:Czech Republic
4100:
4088:
4076:
4064:
4052:
4035:
4033:
4032:
4030:Defence Policy
4027:
4025:Foreign Policy
4022:
4015:
4014:
4002:
4001:
3996:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3988:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3973:
3968:
3958:
3957:
3956:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3939:
3929:
3928:
3927:
3925:Euroscepticism
3922:
3917:
3912:
3902:
3901:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3877:
3876:
3875:
3865:
3864:
3863:
3853:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3828:Recommendation
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3809:
3808:
3803:
3787:
3782:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3761:
3749:
3737:
3725:
3713:
3701:
3689:
3677:
3665:
3653:
3641:
3629:
3617:
3605:
3593:
3581:
3569:
3557:
3545:
3533:
3521:
3519:Czech Republic
3509:
3497:
3485:
3473:
3461:
3444:
3440:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3388:
3387:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3367:Constituencies
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3338:
3333:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3317:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3280:
3267:
3251:Non-EU members
3249:
3247:
3246:
3234:
3222:
3210:
3198:
3186:
3174:
3162:
3150:
3138:
3126:
3114:
3102:
3090:
3078:
3066:
3054:
3042:
3030:
3018:
3006:
2994:
2992:Czech Republic
2982:
2970:
2957:
2945:
2933:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2909:
2906:
2905:
2894:
2893:
2879:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2836:
2835:
2822:
2809:
2796:
2780:Non-EU members
2778:
2776:
2775:
2762:
2749:
2736:
2723:
2710:
2697:
2684:
2671:
2658:
2645:
2632:
2619:
2606:
2593:
2580:
2567:
2554:
2541:
2528:
2515:
2513:Czech Republic
2502:
2489:
2476:
2463:
2449:
2444:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2426:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2389:
2388:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2375:
2368:
2367:
2355:
2343:
2331:
2319:
2307:
2295:
2276:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2244:
2239:
2238:
2226:
2214:
2202:
2190:
2178:
2166:
2154:
2142:
2130:
2118:
2106:
2094:
2082:
2070:
2058:
2046:
2034:
2022:
2010:
1991:
1990:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1969:
1968:
1961:
1960:
1958:United Kingdom
1947:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1912:
1899:
1886:
1873:
1860:
1847:
1834:
1821:
1808:
1795:
1782:
1769:
1756:
1743:
1730:
1717:
1704:
1691:
1678:
1665:
1652:
1650:Czech Republic
1639:
1626:
1613:
1600:
1587:
1573:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1503:
1498:
1486:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1462:of the Euratom
1460:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1390:
1388:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1351:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1340:
1330:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1308:Euro banknotes
1305:
1300:
1286:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1162:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1124:
1114:
1102:Largest groups
1099:
1077:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1067:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1038:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
992:
991:
981:
976:
970:
969:
966:Configurations
964:
955:
941:
934:
927:
925:
924:
918:
913:
912:
909:
908:
905:
904:
895:
890:
885:
880:
870:
858:
856:
855:
854:
853:
848:
826:
825:
822:
821:
818:
817:
814:
813:
807:
796:
794:
793:
787:
778:Other treaties
776:
766:
761:
731:
726:
720:
718:
717:
716:
715:
710:
699:
693:
690:Treaty of Nice
687:
681:
675:
669:
663:
657:
654:Euratom Treaty
651:
648:Treaty of Rome
645:
639:
633:
627:
620:
615:
614:
611:
610:
606:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
573:
572:
553:
551:
550:
531:
529:
528:
516:
504:
492:
480:
468:
456:
444:
425:
422:
421:
408:
395:
382:
369:
356:
343:
330:
317:
304:
291:
278:
265:
252:
239:
226:
213:
200:
187:
174:
161:
148:
146:Czech Republic
135:
122:
109:
96:
83:
69:
68:
62:
61:
58:
57:
54:
53:
45:
44:
39:
36:
35:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4890:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4873:
4864:
4861:
4860:
4845:
4839:
4836:
4824:
4818:
4815:
4803:
4797:
4794:
4787:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4757:
4754:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4727:
4723:
4721:
4715:
4711:
4707:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4696:
4694:
4687:
4685:
4683:
4679:
4675:
4669:
4667:
4659:
4657:
4655:
4651:
4648:, located in
4647:
4643:
4639:
4635:
4623:
4618:
4616:
4611:
4609:
4604:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4594:
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4588:
4578:
4577:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
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4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
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4483:
4480:
4476:
4473:
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4468:
4467:
4465:
4461:
4458:
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4433:
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4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
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4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4017:
4013:
4012:Josep Borrell
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
3999:
3994:
3993:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3962:
3959:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3950:
3947:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3930:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3906:
3903:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3874:
3871:
3870:
3869:
3866:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3857:
3856:Customs Union
3854:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3807:
3804:
3801:
3800:ECJ Case 6/64
3797:
3794:
3793:
3792:
3789:
3788:
3785:
3780:
3779:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3385:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3372:Apportionment
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3339:
3336:
3331:
3330:
3321:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3292:
3281:
3279:
3278:Liechtenstein
3268:
3266:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2913:
2908:
2907:
2898:
2891:
2880:
2878:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2823:
2821:
2810:
2808:
2807:Liechtenstein
2797:
2795:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2774:
2763:
2761:
2750:
2748:
2737:
2735:
2724:
2722:
2711:
2709:
2698:
2696:
2685:
2683:
2672:
2670:
2659:
2657:
2646:
2644:
2633:
2631:
2620:
2618:
2607:
2605:
2594:
2592:
2581:
2579:
2568:
2566:
2555:
2553:
2542:
2540:
2529:
2527:
2516:
2514:
2503:
2501:
2490:
2488:
2477:
2475:
2464:
2462:
2451:
2450:
2447:
2446:Schengen Area
2442:
2441:
2432:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2365:Swedish krona
2361:
2356:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2294:
2293:Bulgarian lev
2289:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2280:
2274:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1988:
1983:
1982:
1973:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1948:
1946:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1924:
1913:
1911:
1900:
1898:
1887:
1885:
1874:
1872:
1861:
1859:
1848:
1846:
1835:
1833:
1822:
1820:
1809:
1807:
1796:
1794:
1783:
1781:
1770:
1768:
1757:
1755:
1744:
1742:
1731:
1729:
1718:
1716:
1705:
1703:
1692:
1690:
1679:
1677:
1666:
1664:
1653:
1651:
1640:
1638:
1627:
1625:
1614:
1612:
1601:
1599:
1588:
1586:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1565:
1560:
1559:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1408:AFSC agencies
1407:
1405:CFSP agencies
1404:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1347:EIB Institute
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1324:
1323:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1279:
1278:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1231:
1221:
1220:
1213:
1212:General Court
1210:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1174:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1121:Iratxe García
1118:
1115:
1112:
1111:Manfred Weber
1108:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
990:
987:
986:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
971:
967:
959:
953:
952:
946:
939:
938:
932:
931:
923:
920:
919:
916:
911:
910:
903:
899:
896:
894:
893:Civil Service
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
878:
877:Von der Leyen
874:
871:
869:
866:
865:
863:
862:
852:
849:
847:
844:
843:
841:
837:
834:
833:
831:
830:
820:
819:
811:
808:
805:
802:
801:
799:
791:
788:
785:
782:
781:
779:
773:
769:
764:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
729:
723:
714:
711:
709:
706:
705:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
661:
660:Merger Treaty
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
637:
634:
631:
628:
625:
622:
621:
618:
613:
612:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
575:
571:
566:
561:
560:
558:
557:
549:
544:
539:
538:
536:
535:
527:
522:
517:
515:
510:
505:
503:
498:
493:
491:
486:
481:
479:
474:
469:
467:
462:
457:
455:
450:
445:
443:
438:
433:
432:
430:
429:
420:
409:
407:
396:
394:
383:
381:
370:
368:
357:
355:
344:
342:
331:
329:
318:
316:
305:
303:
292:
290:
279:
277:
266:
264:
253:
251:
240:
238:
227:
225:
214:
212:
201:
199:
188:
186:
175:
173:
162:
160:
149:
147:
136:
134:
123:
121:
110:
108:
97:
95:
84:
82:
71:
70:
65:
64:Member states
60:
59:
56:
55:
51:
47:
46:
42:
37:
33:
29:
28:
19:
4848:. Retrieved
4838:
4827:. Retrieved
4817:
4806:. Retrieved
4796:
4762:Horizon 2020
4719:
4691:
4682:Horizon 2020
4670:
4663:
4637:
4633:
4631:
4543:(1958–1993)
4036:
4003:
3883:Agricultural
3806:Subsidiarity
3445:
3383:
3297:
3250:
2917:
2862:
2779:
2384:
2353:Romanian leu
2341:Polish złoty
2317:Danish krone
2305:Czech koruna
2277:
2272:
2253:
2245:
2240:
1992:
1930:
1569:
1524:
1487:
1469:
1391:
1378:
1365:
1352:
1331:
1327:Other bodies
1243:
1228:
1181:
1163:
1078:
965:
950:
935:
928:
859:
827:
797:
777:
762:
727:
642:Spaak Report
554:
532:
426:
4680:(currently
4666:Europe 2020
4278:Netherlands
3961:Integration
3905:Citizenship
3687:Netherlands
3160:Netherlands
2918:EEA members
2833:Switzerland
2682:Netherlands
2188:Netherlands
1945:Switzerland
1832:Netherlands
1136:(2019–2024)
1134:9th session
1041:Secretariat
812:(2015–2016)
328:Netherlands
4850:2016-01-06
4829:2016-01-06
4808:2016-01-06
4788:References
4697:Management
4254:Luxembourg
3813:Regulation
3663:Luxembourg
3136:Luxembourg
2656:Luxembourg
2164:Luxembourg
1806:Luxembourg
1417:SRM bodies
1313:Euro coins
1157:Conference
937:Presidency
713:Article 50
490:Montenegro
302:Luxembourg
4716:Structure
4242:Lithuania
3893:Fisheries
3879:Policies
3818:Directive
3651:Lithuania
3335:Elections
3124:Lithuania
2892:(Opt-out)
2643:Lithuania
2254:President
2247:Eurogroup
2152:Lithuania
1793:Lithuania
1459:of the EU
1290:President
1093:President
989:Eurogroup
902:Juhansone
873:President
836:President
708:Article 7
289:Lithuania
4872:Category
4724:See also
4650:Brussels
4338:Slovenia
4326:Slovakia
4302:Portugal
4074:Bulgaria
3915:Identity
3898:Regional
3823:Decision
3747:Slovenia
3735:Slovakia
3711:Portugal
3483:Bulgaria
3220:Slovenia
3208:Slovakia
3184:Portugal
2955:Bulgaria
2747:Slovenia
2734:Slovakia
2708:Portugal
2487:Bulgaria
2393:Bulgaria
2224:Slovenia
2212:Slovakia
2200:Portugal
1897:Slovenia
1884:Slovakia
1858:Portugal
1611:Bulgaria
1150:Quaestor
996:AGRIFISH
722:Opt-outs
393:Slovenia
380:Slovakia
354:Portugal
107:Bulgaria
32:a series
4740:EURODOC
4735:EURATOM
4660:Mission
4644:of the
4640:) is a
4494:Ireland
4464:History
4314:Romania
4206:Ireland
4194:Hungary
4170:Germany
4146:Finland
4134:Estonia
4122:Denmark
4086:Croatia
4062:Belgium
4050:Austria
3796:Primacy
3723:Romania
3615:Ireland
3603:Hungary
3579:Germany
3555:Finland
3543:Estonia
3531:Denmark
3495:Croatia
3471:Belgium
3459:Austria
3265:Iceland
3196:Romania
3088:Ireland
3076:Hungary
3052:Germany
3028:Finland
3016:Estonia
3004:Denmark
2967:Croatia
2943:Belgium
2931:Austria
2890:Ireland
2794:Iceland
2721:Romania
2604:Hungary
2578:Germany
2552:Finland
2539:Estonia
2526:Denmark
2500:Croatia
2474:Belgium
2461:Austria
2423:Romania
2408:Hungary
2403:Denmark
2398:Czechia
2116:Ireland
2092:Germany
2068:Finland
2056:Estonia
2032:Croatia
2020:Belgium
2008:Austria
1871:Romania
1754:Ireland
1741:Hungary
1715:Germany
1689:Finland
1676:Estonia
1663:Denmark
1624:Croatia
1598:Belgium
1585:Austria
1564:Euratom
1293:Lagarde
1205:Rulings
1195:Members
1117:S&D
1097:Metsola
1086:Members
1065:COREPER
951:Hungary
846:Parties
842:(ALDE)
704:(2007)
526:Ukraine
478:Moldova
466:Georgia
442:Albania
367:Romania
250:Ireland
237:Hungary
211:Germany
185:Finland
172:Estonia
159:Denmark
120:Croatia
94:Belgium
81:Austria
4638:DG RTD
4475:Brexit
4362:Sweden
4290:Poland
4230:Latvia
4182:Greece
4158:France
4098:Cyprus
3888:Energy
3851:Budget
3791:Acquis
3771:Sweden
3699:Poland
3639:Latvia
3591:Greece
3567:France
3507:Cyprus
3298:Topics
3291:Norway
3289:
3276:
3263:
3244:Sweden
3172:Poland
3112:Latvia
3064:Greece
3040:France
2980:Cyprus
2888:
2877:Cyprus
2875:
2831:
2820:Norway
2818:
2805:
2792:
2773:Sweden
2771:
2758:
2745:
2732:
2719:
2706:
2695:Poland
2693:
2680:
2667:
2654:
2641:
2630:Latvia
2628:
2615:
2602:
2591:Greece
2589:
2576:
2565:France
2563:
2550:
2537:
2524:
2511:
2498:
2485:
2472:
2459:
2418:Sweden
2413:Poland
2373:ERM II
2140:Latvia
2104:Greece
2080:France
2044:Cyprus
1956:
1943:
1923:Sweden
1921:
1908:
1895:
1882:
1869:
1856:
1845:Poland
1843:
1830:
1817:
1804:
1791:
1780:Latvia
1778:
1765:
1752:
1739:
1728:Greece
1726:
1713:
1702:France
1700:
1687:
1674:
1661:
1648:
1637:Cyprus
1635:
1622:
1609:
1596:
1583:
1140:Bureau
1036:Voting
1006:COMPET
984:ECOFIN
840:Michel
806:(2004)
792:(1992)
786:(1985)
698:(2007)
692:(2001)
686:(1997)
680:(1992)
674:(1986)
668:(1983)
662:(1965)
656:(1957)
650:(1957)
644:(1956)
638:(1951)
632:(1951)
626:(1950)
570:Kosovo
548:Turkey
514:Serbia
419:Sweden
417:
404:
391:
378:
365:
352:
341:Poland
339:
326:
313:
300:
287:
276:Latvia
274:
261:
248:
235:
224:Greece
222:
209:
198:France
196:
183:
170:
157:
144:
133:Cyprus
131:
118:
105:
92:
79:
4758:(ERC)
4752:(EIT)
4350:Spain
4266:Malta
4218:Italy
3759:Spain
3675:Malta
3627:Italy
3232:Spain
3148:Malta
3100:Italy
2760:Spain
2669:Malta
2617:Italy
2236:Spain
2176:Malta
2128:Italy
1910:Spain
1819:Malta
1767:Italy
1411:ESFS
1001:EPSCO
879:(EPP)
406:Spain
315:Malta
263:Italy
4632:The
3432:2019
3427:2014
3422:2009
3417:2004
3412:1999
3407:1994
3402:1989
3397:1984
3392:1979
1298:ESCB
1016:ENVI
772:2020
768:1984
757:2011
753:2005
749:2003
745:1994
741:1985
737:1979
733:1972
598:EU 3
66:(27)
4523:G20
3784:Law
1303:EMU
1107:EPP
1026:EYC
1021:JHA
1011:TTE
979:FAC
974:GAC
4874::
4518:G7
4466:)
1095::
1048::
960:)
900::
875::
838::
770:,
755:,
751:,
747:,
743:,
739:,
735:,
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4853:.
4832:.
4811:.
4636:(
4621:e
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4496:)
4492:(
4462:(
3802:)
3798:(
1123:)
1119:(
1113:)
1109:(
1088:)
1084:(
956:(
20:)
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