277:(Art. 7.1 Berne Convention). In the case that the author is anonymous or pseudonymous the term for a work is 70 years from the date of first lawful publication. The directive notes that the original goal of the Berne Convention was to protect works for two generations after the death of the author, and that fifty years was no longer sufficient for this purpose (para. 5 of the preamble). It is often stated that 70 years pma was the longest copyright term of any Member State at the time: this is not strictly correct, and is not quoted as the reason for the choice in the directive. Where a Member State protected a work for a longer period at the time the directive came into force, the copyright term is not reduced , but other Member States will not respect the longer period.
406:. Films are protected for 70 years from the death of the last of the following people to die : the principal director, the author of the screenplay, the author of the dialogue and the composer of music specifically created for use in the cinematographic or audiovisual work. This applies regardless of the provisions of national law regarding the authorship of the film, ensuring a common duration of copyright between Member States. The principal director of the film is always considered as an author of the film, although national legislations may provide for other co-authors .
556:
491:
1023:
847:
808:
789:
730:
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891:
513:
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620:
598:
577:
470:
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689:
535:
44:
828:
667:
1002:
870:
641:
980:
751:
364:. Strictly, they applied to works which were protected in at least one Member State on 1 July 1995, although most Member States chose to apply them to all works which would qualify on the basis of the protection terms, regardless of protection elsewhere: this approach is much simpler for national courts to apply, as they do not have to consider foreign laws.
858:
Wet van 21 December 1995 tot wijziging van de voorstellen van wet tot wijziging van de
Auteurswet 1912 en de Wet op de naburige rechten in verband met de richtlijn nr. 93/98/EEG van de Raad van de Europese Gemeenschappen van 29 oktober 1993, betreffende de harmonisatie van de beschermingstermijn
819:
Loi du 8 septembre 1997 portant modification de la loi modifiée du 29 mars 1972 sur le droit d'auteur et de la loi du 23 septembre 1975 sur la protection des artistes interprètes ou exécutants, des producteurs de phonogrammes et des organismes de radiodiffusion ("droits voisins") en ce
389:
without the permission of the copyright holder. The opera was first published in Italy and
Puccini died on 29 November 1924. At the time, Italy applied a copyright period of 56 years pma, so Italian protection had expired at the end of 1980: Germany, however, applied a 70 years pma period to works of
446:
As is normal in the field of copyright law, all periods of protection run until the end of the calendar year in which they would otherwise expire (Art. 8). Member states may protect "critical and scientific publications of works which have come into the public domain" for a maximum of thirty
1683:
861:
Wet van 21 December 1995 tot wijziging van de
Auteurswet 1912 en de Wet op de naburige rechten in verband met de richtlijn, nr. 93/98/EEC van de raad van de Europese Gemeenschappen van 29 oktober 1993, betreffende de harmonisatie van de beschermingstermijn van het auteursrecht en van
409:
Before the directive, different Member States had applied widely different criteria of originality and creativity to the copyright protection of photographs. These were harmonised by article 6, which states that the only permissible criterion for full protection (70 years pma) is that the
433:
work which was previously unpublished, for 25 years after the date of publication (Art. 4). The work must have been "legally published". In some countries (e.g. France), authors and their heirs have a perpetual right to authorise (or not) the publication of a work and, in these cases,
1668:
390:
German authors and the "rule of the shorter term" (Art. 7.8 Berne
Convention) to foreign works. The Court ruled that the application of the rule of the shorter term between Member States was a breach of the principle of non-discrimination enshrined in Article 12 of the
288:
and film producers and broadcasting organisations) was set at fifty years with the following rules for calculating the starting date (Art. 3). This fifty-year period was in reflexion of the negotiating position of the
European Community at the negotiations which led to the
314:
the date of the performance, unless a fixation of the performance is lawfully published or lawfully communicated to the public within this period, in which case the date of the first such publication or the first such communication to the public, whichever is the earlier.
859:
van het auteursrecht en van bepaalde naburige rechten (PbEG L290) en in verband met de richtlijn van 19 November 1992, PbEG 1992, L346/61 betreffende het verhuurrecht, het uitleenrecht en bepaalde naburige rechten op het gebied van intellectuele eigendom
323:
the date the fixation is made, unless the phonogram is lawfully published or lawfully communicated to the public during this period, in which case the date of the first such publication or the first such communication to the public, whichever is the earlier.
332:
the date the fixation is made, unless the film is lawfully published or lawfully communicated to the public during this period, in which case the date of the first such publication or the first such communication to the public, whichever is the earlier.
992:
Ley 27/1995 de 11 de octubre, de incorporación al
Derecho español de la Directiva 93/98/CEE del Consejo, de 29 de octubre de 1993, relativa a la armonización del plazo de protección del derecho de autor y de determinados derechos
1609:
1059:
1581:
1294:
502:
294:
274:
1547:
655:
Loi No 97-283 du 27 mars 1997 portant transposition dans le code de la propriété intellectuelle des directives du
Conseil des Communautés européennes Nos 93/83 du 27 septembre 1993 et 93/98 du 29 octobre
903:
Decreto-Lei n. 334/97, de 27 de
Novembro de 1997, transposição da Directiva 93/98/EEC de Outubro 1993, relativa à harmonização do prazo de protecção dos direitos de autor e de certos direitos
1514:
1287:
1678:
1280:
1719:
1141:(2001/29/EC) so that phonograms which are communicated to the public before publication are protected for fifty years from the date of publication: the change is retrospective but does
1387:
394:: hence the work should have been protected in Germany even if it was no longer protected in Italy. Such cases should no longer arise with the implementation of the directive.
1405:
1239:
Directive 2006/116/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights (codified version)
1102:"Text of Directive 2006/116/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights"
1573:
410:
photograph is "original in the sense that the author's own intellectual creation". Member States may protect photographs which do not meet this criterion by
1724:
1640:
1587:
391:
1128:") for eighty years pma. Spain had also had an 80 years pma term until 1987, and these copyrights were still in force at the time of the directive.
1698:
653:
1646:
138:
77:
402:
The directive also harmonises the copyright treatment of films ("cinematographic and other audiovisual works") and photographs throughout the
632:
Asetus tekijänoikeuslain soveltamisesta eräissä tapauksissa
Euroopan talousalueeseen kuuluvista valtioista peräisin oleviin suojan kohteisiin
1487:
1744:
1473:
1316:
1049:
230:
341:
the first transmission of a broadcast, whether this broadcast is transmitted by wire or over the air, including by cable or satellite.
1729:
1369:
386:
741:
568:
Law No. 121/2000 Coll. of 7 April 2000 on Copyright, Rights Related to Copyright and on the Amendment of Certain Laws (Copyright Act)
1622:
1080:"Text of Council Directive 93/98/EEC of 29 October 1993 harmonizing the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights"
588:
1542:
1524:
1448:
285:
1617:
1593:
1257:
1167:(1999) I-03939. This case was also the first test of the legality of the measure to restore copyright to public domain works.
1537:
1498:
1375:
1345:
1138:
352:
The new copyright terms applied also to works which were already in existence when it came into force, as was held by the
198:
62:
1632:
1226:
Council Directive 93/98/EEC of 29 October 1993 harmonizing the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights
223:
Council Directive 93/98/EEC of 29 October 1993 harmonising the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights
17:
1411:
1363:
448:
435:
1333:
902:
1325:
226:
35:
1503:
353:
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242:
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1734:
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1453:
1428:
1381:
1014:
882:
720:
678:
1463:
1443:
234:
742:
European Communities (Term of Protection of Copyright) Regulations, 1995 (S.I. No. 158 of 1995)
1693:
1684:
Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations
1508:
1393:
1303:
1272:
1231:
1176:
1154:
209:
1244:
1238:
1225:
1101:
1079:
84:
1739:
1558:
1122:
At the time of the directive, France protected the works of authors who had died in active service ("
188:
184:
1553:
1195:
Schack, Haimo (2002). "Rs. C-360/00 "La Bohème". Schutz von Rechten bereits verstorbener Urheber".
1124:
736:
729:
290:
149:
125:
1357:
1204:
1145:
reprotect works which had fallen into the public domain under the wording of Directive 93/98/EEC.
1054:
269:
regardless of when the work was first lawfully published (Art. 1), longer than the 50-year
266:
1034:
1532:
426:
367:
The effect of the approach was shown by the judgment of the European Court of Justice in the
1663:
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1339:
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1563:
1307:
1029:
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1673:
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is the consolidated version of 93/98/EC with amendments that is in force since 2007.
925:
430:
361:
567:
253:
The principal goal was to ensure that there was a single duration for copyright and
54:
Directive harmonising the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights
371:
case, which covered facts arising before the directive entered force. The State of
547:
377:
1253:
Zombie and Once-Dead Works: Copyright Retroactivity After the E.C. Term Directive
853:
846:
1035:
Duration of Copyright and Rights in Performance Regulations 1995, SI 1995/3297
814:
807:
1156:
Butterfly Music Srl v Carosello Edizioni Musicali e Discografiche Srl (CEMED)
795:
788:
1060:
Directive on the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights
960:
953:
941:
934:
897:
890:
519:
512:
1208:
800:
Autorių teisių ir gretutinių teisių įstatimas N. VIII-1185 (1999-05-18)
700:
Law No. 2557/1997 (Article 8), Government Gazette A-271/24-12-1997
609:
503:
Wet van 30 juni 1994 betreffende het auteursrecht en de naburige rechten
261:. The chosen term for a work was 70 years from the death of the author (
920:
913:
714:
707:
679:
Drittes Gesetz zur Änderung des Urheberrechtsgesetzes vom 23. Juni 1995
673:
666:
626:
619:
604:
597:
583:
576:
505:/ Loi du 30 juin 1994 relative au droit d'auteur et aux droits voisins
497:
490:
476:
469:
1008:
1001:
876:
869:
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769:
695:
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640:
541:
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525:
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Autoriõiguse seaduse ja sellega seonduvate seaduste muutmise seadus
986:
979:
834:
827:
757:
750:
372:
295:
Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
275:
Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works
1548:
Directive on the legal protection of biotechnological inventions
1276:
1178:
Land Hessen v G. Ricordi & Co. Bühnen- und Musikverlag GmbH
1137:
This paragraph has been modified by Article 11(2) of the
1037:, amending the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
526:Закона за авторското право и сродните му права (04.04.2000)
434:
publication must be with the consent of the holders of the
1679:
Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property
972:; passed on 30 March 1995, last amended in December 2006)
18:
Directive on harmonising the term of copyright protection
1515:
Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. v. Cadbury UK Limited
1388:
Directive on the re-use of public sector information
524:Хармонизиран със Закон за изменение и допълнение на
1656:
1631:
1608:
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1523:
1486:
1421:
1406:
Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market
1324:
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119:
111:
103:
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90:
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58:
50:
1163: no. C246 of 28 August 1999, p. 5;
462:Implementation of the Directive by Member States
946:Copyright Act of 1997-12-05 (No. 383/1997)
1720:Intellectual property law of the European Union
1185: no. C180 of 27 July 2002, p. 6.
451:is left to national legislation (Art. 9).
1269:(ABA Forum on Entertainment Industries, 2000).
360:case, even if they had previously entered the
1647:German Law on the Protection of Trade Secrets
1288:
8:
1641:Directive on the Protection of Trade Secrets
1588:Directive on the legal protection of designs
29:
862:bepaalde naburige rechten (PbEG L290)
1321:
1295:
1281:
1273:
1245:Adoption process of directive 2006/116/EC
392:Treaty instituting the European Community
458:
299:
1699:WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty
1232:Adoption process of directive 93/98/EEC
1071:
447:years (Art. 5). The protection of
906:, with effective date of 1 July 1995.
28:
970:Zakon o avtorski in sorodnih pravicah
7:
820:qui concerne la durée de protection
1725:Copyright law of the European Union
1050:Copyright law of the European Union
1370:Electronic Commerce Directive 2000
1228:replaced by directive 2006/116/EC
589:Act on Copyright 1995 No. 395
25:
1623:Traditional speciality guaranteed
781:Autortiesību likums (2000-04-06)
387:Hessische Staatstheater Wiesbaden
385:during the 1993/94 season at the
1021:
1000:
978:
966:Copyright and Related Rights Act
952:
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749:
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375:in Germany had staged the opera
42:
1618:Protected designation of origin
1594:Regulation on Community designs
1258:Entertainment and Sports Lawyer
482:Urheberrechtsgesetznovelle 1996
762:Law No. 52 of 1996-02-06
280:The duration of protection of
241:. It was replaced by the 2006
1:
1376:Information Society Directive
1346:Satellite and Cable Directive
1139:Information Society Directive
199:Information Society Directive
155:C337, 1992-12-22, p. 205
1412:Customs Regulation 1383/2003
1364:Conditional Access Directive
1352:Copyright Duration Directive
421:Previously unpublished works
144:C287, 1992-11-04, p. 53
1334:Computer Programs Directive
926:Law No. 8 of March 14, 1996
338:Broadcasting organisations
1761:
1745:1993 in the European Union
1304:Intellectual property laws
133:C27, 1993-01-30, p. 7
131:C92, 1992-04-11, p. 6
72:Arts. 57(2), 66 & 100a
1730:European Union directives
1504:European Union trade mark
881:Implemented in 2000/2002
461:
354:European Court of Justice
215:
41:
34:
1610:Geographical indications
1400:Copyright Term Directive
1104:. EU Publications Office
1082:. EU Publications Office
719:Implemented in two acts
425:The directive accords a
243:Copyright Term Directive
227:European Union directive
36:European Union directive
1382:Resale Rights Directive
1066:Citations and footnotes
429:to the publisher of a
284:(those of performers,
249:Duration of protection
1694:WIPO Copyright Treaty
1509:Trade Marks Directive
1394:Enforcement Directive
398:Films and photographs
348:Copyright restoration
273:term required by the
1559:Unified Patent Court
1251:Geller, P. (2000). "
1013:Implemented in 1995
839:Copyright Act, 2000
320:Phonogram producers
291:Marrakech Agreements
271:post mortem auctoris
263:post mortem auctoris
1554:European patent law
1125:mort pour la France
546:Copyright Act 2006
112:Implementation date
85:pp. 9–13
31:
30:Directive 93/98/EEC
1358:Database Directive
1055:Grandfather clause
257:across the entire
237:provisions of the
83:L290, 1993-11-24,
1707:
1706:
1482:
1481:
1181:(Case C-360/00),
1041:
1040:
427:publication right
345:
344:
233:, made under the
220:
219:
168:Other legislation
120:Preparative texts
16:(Redirected from
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1669:Lisbon Agreement
1664:Berne Convention
1600:Community design
1340:Rental Directive
1322:
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1159:(Case C-60/98),
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442:Other provisions
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231:EU copyright law
229:in the field of
107:24 November 1993
104:Entry into force
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1265:(2), pp. 7
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1203:(18): 886–888.
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329:Film producers
267:authors' rights
251:
245:(2006/116/EC).
235:internal market
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99:29 October 1993
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1106:. Retrieved
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449:moral rights
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201:(2001/29/EC)
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1740:1993 in law
1449:Netherlands
854:Netherlands
412:sui generis
311:Performers
265:, pma) for
210:2006/116/EC
206:Replaced by
115:1 July 1995
1714:Categories
1488:Trade mark
1326:Directives
1108:6 February
1086:6 February
815:Luxembourg
195:Amended by
189:92/100/EEC
185:91/250/EEC
126:Commission
69:Made under
1317:Copyright
796:Lithuania
378:La Bohème
358:Butterfly
297:(TRIPS).
286:phonogram
96:Date made
80:reference
1657:Treaties
1209:20826492
1044:See also
961:Slovenia
942:Slovakia
898:Portugal
520:Bulgaria
216:Repealed
173:Replaces
128:proposal
1574:Designs
1543:Romania
1533:Germany
1495:Ireland
1459:Romania
1439:Ireland
1434:Germany
1306:in the
921:Romania
904:conexos
737:Ireland
715:Hungary
674:Germany
627:Finland
605:Estonia
584:Denmark
498:Belgium
477:Austria
383:Puccini
369:Puccini
356:in the
160:Reports
152:opinion
141:opinion
91:History
78:Journal
63:Council
59:Made by
1649:(2019)
1643:(2016)
1596:(2001)
1590:(1998)
1584:(1999)
1550:(1998)
1525:Patent
1511:(1988)
1469:Sweden
1454:Poland
1429:France
1414:(2003)
1408:(2019)
1402:(2006)
1396:(2004)
1390:(2003)
1384:(2001)
1378:(2001)
1372:(2000)
1366:(1998)
1360:(1996)
1354:(1993)
1348:(1993)
1342:(1992)
1336:(1991)
1207:
1009:Sweden
993:afines
877:Poland
777:Latvia
696:Greece
648:France
542:Cyprus
181:Amends
163:
1464:Spain
1444:Italy
1205:JSTOR
987:Spain
835:Malta
758:Italy
373:Hesse
225:is a
51:Title
1310:(EU)
1110:2011
1088:2011
656:1993
139:EESC
1255:",
1165:ECR
1143:not
381:by
1716::
1267:ff
1263:18
1261:,
1201:57
1199:.
1183:OJ
1161:OJ
722:.
681:.
417:.
187:,
150:EP
1296:e
1289:t
1282:v
1211:.
1112:.
1090:.
968:(
176:—
20:)
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