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461:. It may serve as a method to deal with the population of aphids that have overcome wheat's genetic resistance. The study indicated that potassium phosphate treated plants either a resistant strain or a non-resistant strain both show a decrease in aphid numbers that were feeding. Thus the data suggests treating wheat with potassium phosphate to induce tolerance against
360:
became an invasive species in North
America, it is notable that they possess enough endurance to cold temperatures to survive through winter. Aphid populations can overwinter through temperatures between 0 and 5 degrees Celsius. However, temperatures below 10 degrees Celsius will lead to catastrophic
347:
Aphid infestation on wheat also affects the flour that is made from infested wheat plants. Aphid feeding in wheat results in qualitative and quantitative losses in flour yield. Flour derived from aphid infested wheat has a significant negative effect on the gliadin/glutenin ratio which reduces the
382:
infestation of wheat and barley is through host control. Host control consists of raising crops that possess genes that may contribute to aphid resistance. Research has been conducted to identify the specific genes that can be attributed to aphid resistance and the information marked to assist in
343:
of the whole plant. However, once the aphid is removed the plant quickly recovers absolute growth rate and has increased relative growth. As a result of previous infestation, the recovering plants are more efficient in carbon assimilation that results in increased relative growth rates and
207:
of this aphid is toxic to the plant and causes whitish striping on cereal leaves. Feeding by this aphid will also cause the flag leaf to turn white and curl around the head causing incomplete head emergence. Its host plants are cereal grain crops including
202:
there. This aphid is pale green and up to 2 mm long. Cornicles are very short, rounded, and appear to be lacking. There is an appendage above the cauda giving the aphid the appearance of having two tails. The
408:
in
Eurasia, its area of origin. It is possible that natural enemies in that area limit the abundance of the aphids, therefore preventing them from becoming pests. Based on the selection of natural enemies of
903:
Smith, C. Michael; Belay, Tesfay; Stauffer, Christian; Stary, Petr; Kubeckova, Irenka; Starkey, Sharon (2004). "Identification of
Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) Populations Virulent to the
1177:
348:
bread making quality of aphid infested wheat plant flour. However, although it does reduce the quality of flour for bread-making, it is still within acceptable ranges to be usable.
806:
Saeidi, Fatemeh; Moharramipour, Saeid; Mikani, Azam (2017-08-01). "Rapid Cold
Hardening Capacity and Its Impact on Performance of Russian Wheat Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae)".
365:
which allows an insect to develop protection against sudden sub freezing temperatures. Moreover, aphids are capable of RCH without any cost to their reproductive capability.
561:
Hopper, Keith R.; Lanier, Kathryn; Rhoades, Joshua H.; Coutinot, Dominique; Mercadier, Guy; Ramualde, Nathalie; Roche, Marie; Woolley, James B.; Heraty, John M. (2017).
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has a variety of effects on the host plant and the subsequent product for which the plant is used. The host plants response to an aphid infestation is a loss of
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953:
613:
Venter, Eduard; Mansoor, Chara V.; Sibisi, Phumzile; Botha, Anna-Maria (2014). "Potassium phosphate induces tolerance against the
Russian wheat aphid (
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Liu, X. M.; Smith, C. M.; Gill, B. S.; Tolmay, V. (2001-03-01). "Microsatellite markers linked to six
Russian wheat aphid resistance genes in wheat".
41:
1097:
687:
Basky, Zsuzsa; Fónagy, Adrien (2003-04-01). "Glutenin and gliadin contents of flour derived from wheat infested with different aphid species".
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and other growth impairment. The aphid further increases the nutritional drainage of the host plant through eliciting an increase in essential
730:
Girma, Melaku; Wilde, Gerald E.; Harvey, T. L. (1993-04-01). "Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) Affects Yield and
Quality of Wheat".
282:
After its detection in the US in 1986, the
Russian wheat aphid quickly became a major pest of wheat and barley. The researches that found
652:
Burd, John D.; Burton, Robert L. (1992-10-01). "Characterization of Plant Damage Caused by
Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae)".
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can be traced back to
Eurasia when it was a pest on cereals. Aside from direct damages to crops, they are also vectors for
767:"Impact of Subzero Temperatures on Survival, Longevity, and Natality of Adult Russian Wheat Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae)"
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300:. The result of being a host of an aphid are damages through nutrient drainage which develops into symptoms such as
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Birgücü, Ali Kemal; Turanli, Ferit; Çelik, Yusuf (2016-01-01). "The Effect of Herbicides on Russian Wheat Aphid,
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Russian wheat aphids are one of the most significant pests on wheat in the world. It was first identified as a
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decrease in population. In addition to survivability in sub zero temperatures, the aphids are also capable of
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in Eurasia, the paper performed a survey of host specificity of different species of parasite from the genus
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and reduced growth due to water imbalances as the aphid feed on phloem. The aphid also causes reduction in
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breeding aphid resistant strain of wheat or barley. The genes that have been identified so far have been
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of aphids that were able to overcome these resistance strains began to appear in 2003.
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variety. Due to this host specificity, the paper suggests that biological control of
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that can cause significant losses in cereal crops. The species was introduced to the
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Hopper et al.'s research into biological control is based on the non-pest status of
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Potassium phosphate was studied as a resistance inducer on wheat plants against
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Russian Wheat Aphid: An introduced pest of small grains in the High Plains
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10.1603/0022-0493(2004)097[1112:iorwah]2.0.co;2
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compensates for the leaf damages during aphid infestation.
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by triggering a breakdown of proteins in the host plant.
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Butts, Richard A.; Schaalje, G. Bruce (1997-06-01).
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oviposition orients the species specificity towards
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484:"Invasive Species: Animals - Russian Wheat Aphid (
952:, National Invasive Species Information Center,
567:species considered for introduction to control
482:Center, National Invasive Species Information.
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437:rarely approaches aphids that are not of the
216:and to a lesser extent, wild grasses such as
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286:resistant strains of wheat were in 1996 but
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517:Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society
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235:. It was introduced to many countries in
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515:(Kurdjumov) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)".
231:The Russian wheat aphid is native to
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296:feeds on the host plant through the
617:, Homoptera: Aphididae) in wheat".
228:and anything in the grass family.
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862:Theoretical and Applied Genetics
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909:Journal of Economic Entomology
732:Journal of Economic Entomology
654:Journal of Economic Entomology
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425:. The behavior of females of
198:in 1986 and is considered an
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328:Effect of Aphid infestation
263:in 1901. And the origin of
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874:10.1007/s001220051674
666:10.1093/jee/85.5.2017
563:"Host specificity of
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378:A method to control
35:Russian wheat aphid
784:10.1093/ee/26.3.661
631:2014CrPro..61...43V
587:2017BiolC.107...21H
269:barley yellow dwarf
184:Russian wheat aphid
27:Species of true bug
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369:Management
318:amino acid
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113:Suborder:
87:Arthropoda
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882:0040-5752
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752:0022-0493
709:1526-4998
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625:: 43–50.
581:: 21–32.
565:Aphelinus
537:0022-8567
447:A. hordei
435:A. hordei
433:. Female
427:A. hordei
415:Aphelinus
374:Tolerance
302:chlorosis
288:genotypes
279:viruses.
145:Species:
138:Diuraphis
127:Aphididae
107:Hemiptera
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
998:Q4539875
992:Wikidata
929:15279298
890:35409142
844:27777282
836:28541434
717:12701703
545:86959274
463:D. noxia
459:D. noxia
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380:D. noxia
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333:D. noxia
314:stunting
306:necrosis
294:D. noxia
284:D. noxia
265:D. noxia
190:) is an
123:Family:
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
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627:Bibcode
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385:Dn1-Dn9
341:biomass
310:wilting
133:Genus:
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298:phloem
261:Crimea
241:Africa
237:Europe
214:barley
205:saliva
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1077:55106
1064:67223
1059:EUNIS
886:S2CID
840:S2CID
541:S2CID
245:Texas
210:wheat
192:aphid
1150:NCBI
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1098:GBIF
1046:EPPO
1033:BOLD
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387:and
275:and
257:pest
251:Pest
239:and
212:and
182:The
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870:doi
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816:doi
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