500:
511:
584:
57:
316:
44:
491:, itself a translation of the Greek κυνόροδον ('kunórodon'); It is thought to have been used to treat the bite of rabid dogs in the 18th and 19th centuries. The origin of its name may be related to the hooked prickles on the plant that have resemblance to a dog's canines. It is sometimes considered that the word 'dog' has a disparaging meaning in this context, indicating 'worthless' as compared with cultivated garden roses.
756:
213:
261:
801:(founded in 1323), which gifted poets a sprig of dog rose to reward them for their literary excellence. Due to this ritual, the branches became increasingly popular and can be found frequently mentioned in several famous poems. Most prevalent in the United Kingdom, William Shakespeare wrote about the flower in
743:
In the USA, it is classed as a weed and invasive in some regions or habitats, where it may displace desirable vegetation due to its large size and ability of regeneration from sprouts. It can also impede the movement of livestock, wildlife and vehicles.
268:
The dog rose blooms from June to July, with sweet-scented flowers that are usually pale pink, but can vary between a deep pink and white. They are 4–6 centimetres (1.6–2.4 in) in diameter with five petals. Like other roses it has a quintuscial
602:
The fruit is used to make syrup, tea, and preserves (jam and marmalade), and is used in the making of pies, stews, and wine. The flowers can be made into a syrup, eaten in salads, candied, or preserved in vinegar, honey or brandy. During
466:
3-7), tolerates maritime exposure, grows well in a sunny position, and grows even in heavy clay soils, but like all roses dislikes water-logged soils or very dry sites. In deep shade, it usually fails to flower and fruit.
1772:
K Y Lim, G Werlemark, R Matyasek, J B Bringloe, V Sieber, H El
Mokadem, J Meynet, J Hemming, A R Leitch & A V Roberts (2005), "Evolutionary implications of permanent odd polyploidy in the stable sexual, pentaploid of
249:
shrub normally ranging in height from 1–5 metres (3.3–16.4 ft), though it can scramble higher into the crowns of taller trees. Its multiple arching stems, are covered with small, sharp, hooked
475:
The botanical name is derived from the common names 'dog rose' or similar in several
European languages, including classical Latin and ancient (Hellenistic period) Greek. The Roman naturalist
1909:
747:
Birds and wild fruit eating animals are the main cause of seed dispersal. The plant seeds can also be carried in the hooves or fur of stock animals. They may also be carried by waterways.
1632:
Rusanova, M.; Rusanov, K.; Stanev, S.; Kovacheva, N.; Atanassov, I. (2015). "Total phenol content, antioxidant activity of hip extracts and genetic diversity in a small population of
2046:
1803:
1196:
1962:
277:, when viewed from underneath, two are whiskered (or “bearded”) on both sides, two are quite smooth and one is whiskered on one side only. It has usually 10 or more
1992:
2435:
1368:
2077:
Graham G.S. & Primavesi A.L. (1993). Roses of Great
Britain and Ireland. B.S.B.I. Handbook No. 7. Botanical Society of the British Isles, London.
2324:
1917:
718:
2386:
2337:
2530:
2471:
346:
1383:
728:
in
Australia under the Natural Resources Management Act, 2004 as the plant out-competes native vegetation, provides shelter to pests such as
2718:
2713:
2708:
771:
736:, is unpalatable to stock, large shrubs are resistant to grazing, therefore do not get eaten by farm animals. The dog rose invades native
510:
821:
Symbolically, the meaning of this shrub is quite extensive since the two dominating themes surrounding the flower are pain and pleasure.
499:
1678:
Lim, K Y; Werlemark, G; Matyasek, R; Bringloe, J B; Sieber, V; El
Mokadem, H; Meynet, J; Hemming, J; Leitch, A R; Roberts, A V (2005).
2285:
2246:
2251:
2703:
2064:
1531:
1486:
1451:
1064:
355:, and 200 from other sections), it has been suggested that the following named species are best considered as belonging to a single
338:
classified it as a rose, under the name, "Canina Rosa odorata et silvestris", in his herbal "Rubus canis: Brere bush or hep tree" .
540:
lays eggs into a leaf axillary or terminal bud the plant develops a chemically induced distortion known as rose gall (see photo).
479:
attributed the name dog rose to a belief that the plant's root could cure the bite of a mad dog. It is not clear if the dogs were
2453:
2373:
740:
therefore reducing biodiversity and the presence of desirable pasture species. It is a biosecurity risk as it hosts fruit fly.
1029:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2592:
2509:
1887:
615:; it can still be found growing throughout that country, including on roadsides, in pastures and nature conservation areas.
2391:
2422:
1966:
1606:
852:
of the dog-rose, two of which are whiskered on both sides, two quite smooth and the last one whiskered on one side only.
803:
250:
1412:
2556:
2197:
2174:
1988:
2597:
2543:
710:
2440:
334:, from the Greek "kunórodon". In 1538, Turner called it "Cynosbatos : wild hep or brere tree". Yet in 1551,
2698:
2688:
2658:
2663:
2476:
798:
729:
2548:
2693:
2683:
1375:
1092:
451:
56:
2316:
2311:
2212:
2107:
1725:"Simultaneous Mendelian and clonal genome transmission in a sexually reproducing, all-triploid vertebrate"
2202:
1511:
173:
887:
Czechoslovakia, 1965. International
Congress of Pharmacology in Prague, Czechoslovakia 1971. Hagebutte
844:
The riddle contains an effective way of identifying the differing roses of the canina group, where the
335:
320:
288:
Flowers mature in
September to October, into an oval, 1.5–2-centimetre (0.59–0.79 in), red-orange
2342:
996:
583:
292:. The fruits can persist on the plant for several months (if not eaten by wildlife) and become black.
2463:
2259:
1910:"Pest plant - Dog rose and sweet briar rose - Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources"
791:
733:
270:
1212:"AFLP-based population structure analysis as a means to validate the complex taxonomy of dog roses (
1172:
2093:
2018:
1818:
654:
463:
2414:
959:
2625:
2535:
2238:
1190:
787:
666:
564:
351:
197:
51:
2607:
2484:
2220:
2060:
1940:
1797:
1754:
1705:
1527:
1492:
1482:
1457:
1447:
1379:
1348:
1239:
1138:
1070:
1060:
2145:
2489:
2365:
1786:
1744:
1736:
1695:
1519:
1338:
1330:
1231:
1178:
1128:
706:
537:
530:
514:
1680:"Evolutionary implications of permanent odd polyploidy in the stable sexual, pentaploid of
1257:
315:
43:
1863:
526:
476:
303:
94:
2617:
2088:
1723:
Stock, M.; Ustinova, J.; Betto-Colliard, C.; Schartl, M.; Moritz, C.; Perrin, N. (2011).
1288:
645:
which is sometimes called permanent odd polyploidy, although it can also occur with even
2303:
2653:
2517:
1749:
1724:
1523:
1440:
1343:
1318:
856:
779:
633:, where the dog rose grows in abundance, its hips are used to make sweet wine and tea.
612:
551:
81:
755:
212:
2647:
725:
596:
487:, the English name is a direct translation of the plant's name from classical Latin,
297:
189:
2630:
2522:
2225:
1945:
1580:
657:
are formed leaving the other chromosomes as univalents. Univalents are included in
604:
572:
388:
2166:
797:
The first recorded significance of the flower dates back hundreds of years ago to
717:. It was recognised as displacing native vegetation as early as 1895 although the
2561:
2401:
2179:
1554:
1211:
818:, Act II, Scene I quoting his words: "With sweet musk-roses and with eglantine."
2584:
2427:
2409:
2350:
2139:
1235:
714:
592:
522:
2156:
760:
690:
676:
646:
622:, the petals are used to make a jam that is particularly suitable for filling
2290:
2130:
1461:
1210:
De Riek, Jan; De Cock, Katrien; Smulders, Marinus J.M.; Nybom, Hilde (2013).
1182:
349:
of wild-rose samples from a transect across Europe (900 samples from section
2298:
2272:
1496:
1074:
775:
694:
547:
503:
246:
2574:
1790:
1758:
1740:
1709:
1700:
1679:
1243:
1142:
623:
450:'Assisiensis' is the only dog rose without thorns. Thought to be linked to
1352:
1334:
807:, which in his time was called eglantine, though it can now also refer to
679:, i.e. with five times the base number of seven chromosomes for the genus
2569:
2499:
2448:
2189:
2124:
1476:
1054:
767:
737:
658:
630:
443:
289:
217:
140:
107:
1510:
Ahmad, Naveed; Anwar, Farooq; Gilani, Anwar-ul-Hassan (1 January 2016).
260:
17:
2329:
2233:
686:
642:
282:
278:
254:
130:
1133:
1112:
543:
Buds and leaves may be eaten by rabbits and deer, despite the thorns.
2355:
786:
due to the prevalence of the dog rose in the area. Legend states the
662:
650:
619:
480:
120:
2101:
1862:
Water (DEW), Department for
Environment and landscape (2019-01-29).
446:
have been named, though few are common in cultivation. The cultivar
2378:
2277:
849:
754:
582:
509:
498:
314:
274:
259:
257:, with 5–7 leaflets, and have a delicious fragrance when bruised.
211:
68:
319:
A botanical illustration showing the various stages of growth by
1849:
Ecological weeds on conservation land in New
Zealand: a database
1655:
Täckholm, Gunnar (1922). "Zytologische
Studien über die Gattung
1581:"Pączki Are the Stuffed Polish Doughnuts You Need to Know About"
681:
234:
150:
2264:
2105:
665:. Similar processes occur in some other organisms. Dog roses (
342:
237:
species native to Europe, northwest Africa, and western Asia.
1100:. Vol. 2. Pittsburgh: Huntia Volume 2. pp. 180–184.
529:, scale insects, caterpillars, rose leaf-rolling sawfly, and
1607:"The Hirshon Polish Jelly Donuts for Fat Tuesday – Pączki"
1010:. USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service, Pullman, WA
824:
An old riddle is called "The Five Brethren of the Rose":
794:, dates back to the establishment of the diocese in 815.
273:(see sketch A in diagram). Unusually though, of its five
1113:"Inhibitory effect of quercetin isolated from rose hip (
766:
The dog rose was the stylised rose of medieval European
1729:
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
1094:
The five bretheren of the rose: An old botanical riddle
591:
Rose hip essential oil is composed mainly of alcohols,
1516:
Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety
1555:"Rosehip - A Foraging Guide to Its Food and Medicine"
295:
Its form and flowers can be confused with fieldbriar
2114:
1989:"Hildesheim's Medieval Church Treasures at the Met"
790:or Hildesheim Rose, which climbs against a wall of
649:(e.g. in tetraploids or hexaploids). Regardless of
1439:
1367:
1323:Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
1117:L.) against melanogenesis by mouse melanoma cells"
855:The flower has also been used as an image on many
721:does not consider it to be a conservation threat.
1177:. Vol. 2. London: John Murray. p. 212.
1636:L. cv. Plovdiv 1 obtained by seed propagation".
1111:Fujii, Takashi; Saito, Morio (September 2009).
1512:"Chapter 76 - Rose Hip (Rosa canina L.) Oils"
1171:Willmott, Ellen Ann, Parsons, Alfred (1914).
8:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1819:"The Displacement of Species in New Zealand"
1802:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1195:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
462:The dog rose is hardy to zone 3 in the UK (
264:Forms of aestivation, sketch A: quintuscial
253:, which aid it in climbing. The leaves are
2102:
1941:Wild Flowers: Nature's own to garden grown
1829:. Wellington: Royal Society of New Zealand
1446:(reprint). Lange, Johan. London: Methuen.
42:
31:
2055:Blamey, M. & Grey-Wilson, C. (1989).
2012:
2010:
1851:. Wellington: Department of Conservation.
1823:Transactions of the New Zealand Institute
1748:
1699:
1370:The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable
1342:
1132:
485:The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable
1086:
1084:
1059:(1st paperback ed.). London: Hale.
521:The dog rose can be attacked by aphids,
1283:
1281:
1279:
948:
907:Sweden, 1983. Dzika Rosa Poland, 1989.
899:Norway, 1980. Dzika Rosa Poland, 1981.
347:amplified fragment length polymorphisms
1795:
1188:
1158:Seeds of Woody Plants of North America
990:
988:
986:
984:
982:
980:
978:
976:
1442:Trees and bushes in wood and hedgerow
1224:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
954:
952:
883:Germany, 1960. Great Britain, 1964.
7:
2598:b8e8c3fd-a5b1-4516-8c40-653770586f4b
2464:151681e8-567d-4436-a54d-019d81e12aa6
2057:Flora of Britain and Northern Europe
828:On a summer's day, in sultry weather
326:Classical writers did not recognise
1638:Agricultural Science and Technology
1478:The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening
1160:. Portland, OR.: Disocorides Press.
2070:Vedel, H. & Lange, J. (1960).
1524:10.1016/B978-0-12-416641-7.00076-6
1258:"A Rose Without Thorns in Assisi…"
1030:"Burke Herbarium Image Collection"
641:Dog roses have an unusual kind of
25:
1366:Elizabeth Knowles (2005). "Dog".
1156:Young, J.A.; Young, C.G. (1992).
840:And the other had but half a one.
2549:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:731955-1
832:Five Brethren were born together
55:
1995:from the original on 3 May 2014
1890:. Government of South Australia
995:Pavek, P.L.S. (November 2012).
836:Two had beards and two had none
233:, is a variable climbing, wild
2052:Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
1914:www.naturalresources.sa.gov.au
879:Soviet Union, 1960. Hagebutte
863:Switzerland, 1945. Dog Rose ('
1:
2019:"The Meaning of the Dog-rose"
1987:Lucy Gordan (November 2013).
1864:"Who let the dog (rose) out?"
1293:Dog Rose PFAF Plant Database"
962:. Royal Horticultural Society
571:It is notably susceptible to
1034:biology.burke.washington.edu
587:Crushing rose petals for jam
2719:National symbols of Moldova
2714:National symbols of Romania
2709:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1965:. Plantlife. Archived from
1518:. Academic Press: 667–675.
1481:. London: Macmillan Press.
1317:Haas, L F (November 1995).
1236:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.02.024
1121:Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem
799:The Academy of Floral Games
2735:
2059:. Hodder & Stoughton.
1091:William T. Stearn (1965).
1056:Scented flora of the world
960:"Rosa canina (S) dog rose"
923:Slovenia, 2002. Eglantier
893:Rosa canina-Cetonia aurata
759:The Thousand-year Rose in
719:Department of Conservation
1400:Traditional Folk Remedies
895:Hungary, 1980. Steinnype
816:A Midsummer Night's Dream
804:A Midsummer Night's Dream
330:as a rose, but called it
203:
196:
179:
172:
52:Scientific classification
50:
41:
34:
2704:Plants described in 1753
1413:"Properties of dog rose"
1319:"Rosa canina (dog rose)"
1183:10.5962/bhl.title.106082
1001:L. Plant Symbol = ROCA3"
229:, commonly known as the
1868:www.landscape.sa.gov.au
1438:Vedel, Helge. (1962) .
1376:Oxford University Press
859:across Europe. Such as
626:, a type of doughnuts.
452:Saint Francis of Assisi
2023:blog.exoticflowers.com
1991:. Inside the Vatican.
1791:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800648
1741:10.1098/rspb.2011.1738
1701:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800648
1402:(Century, 1987); p.133
784:"The Wild Rose County"
763:
607:in the United States,
588:
546:It may be affected by
518:
507:
323:
265:
221:
2679:Flora of the Pyrenees
2674:Flora of Western Asia
2669:Flora of North Africa
1335:10.1136/jnnp.59.5.470
1053:Genders, Roy (1994).
905:Nypon ros Rosa canina
758:
586:
562:), and downy mildew (
513:
504:Phramidium mucrinatum
502:
437:Déségl. & Guillon
318:
263:
215:
1847:Owen, S. J. (1997).
935:) Croatia, 2004 and
919:Turkey, 2001. SİPEK
792:Hildesheim Cathedral
675:) are most commonly
579:Cultivation and uses
556:Sphaerotheca pannosa
2094:Plants for a Future
1661:Acta Horti Bergiani
848:refers to the five
464:USDA hardiness zone
2074:. Metheun, London.
1475:Huxley, A (1992).
871:Yugoslavia, 1955.
788:Thousand-year Rose
764:
724:The dog rose is a
653:level, only seven
589:
565:Peronospora sparsa
519:
515:Rose bedeguar gall
508:
495:Pests and diseases
471:Name and etymology
454:, hence the name.
336:Matthias de l'Obel
324:
321:Otto Wilhelm Thomé
266:
245:The dog rose is a
222:
2641:
2640:
2485:Open Tree of Life
2108:Taxon identifiers
1613:. 16 January 2019
1611:The Food Dictator
1587:. 16 January 2019
1561:. 2 December 2018
1419:. 19 January 2019
1398:Howard, Michael.
1385:978-0-19-860981-0
1262:CafTours Magazine
1134:10.1271/bbb.90181
867:) Austria, 1948.
531:leaf-cutting bees
438:
426:
418:
410:
402:
394:
384:
376:
368:
359:species complex:
210:
209:
16:(Redirected from
2726:
2699:Flora of Ukraine
2689:Flora of Lebanon
2659:Medicinal plants
2634:
2633:
2621:
2620:
2611:
2610:
2601:
2600:
2588:
2587:
2578:
2577:
2565:
2564:
2552:
2551:
2539:
2538:
2526:
2525:
2513:
2512:
2503:
2502:
2493:
2492:
2480:
2479:
2467:
2466:
2457:
2456:
2444:
2443:
2431:
2430:
2428:NHMSYS0000455486
2418:
2417:
2405:
2404:
2395:
2394:
2382:
2381:
2369:
2368:
2359:
2358:
2346:
2345:
2333:
2332:
2320:
2319:
2307:
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2294:
2293:
2281:
2280:
2268:
2267:
2255:
2254:
2242:
2241:
2229:
2228:
2216:
2215:
2206:
2205:
2193:
2192:
2183:
2182:
2170:
2169:
2160:
2159:
2150:
2149:
2148:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2103:
2098:
2072:Trees and bushes
2047:Flora Europaea:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2014:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1959:
1948:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1916:. Archived from
1906:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1817:Kirk, T (1895).
1814:
1808:
1807:
1801:
1793:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1752:
1735:(1732): 1293–9.
1720:
1714:
1713:
1703:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1603:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1445:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1417:Botanical online
1409:
1403:
1396:
1390:
1389:
1374:(2nd ed.).
1373:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1346:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1304:
1285:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1194:
1186:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1153:
1147:
1146:
1136:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1088:
1079:
1078:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1040:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1005:
992:
971:
970:
968:
967:
956:
903:Bulgaria, 1981.
778:, and Ireland's
707:invasive species
701:Invasive species
550:(see photo) and
436:
424:
416:
408:
400:
392:
382:
374:
366:
341:Based on a 2013
185:
60:
59:
46:
32:
27:Species of plant
21:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2723:
2664:Flora of Europe
2644:
2643:
2642:
2637:
2629:
2624:
2616:
2614:
2606:
2604:
2596:
2591:
2583:
2581:
2573:
2568:
2560:
2555:
2547:
2542:
2534:
2529:
2521:
2516:
2508:
2506:
2498:
2496:
2488:
2483:
2475:
2470:
2462:
2460:
2452:
2447:
2439:
2434:
2426:
2421:
2413:
2408:
2400:
2399:MichiganFlora:
2398:
2390:
2385:
2377:
2372:
2364:
2362:
2354:
2349:
2341:
2336:
2328:
2323:
2315:
2310:
2302:
2297:
2289:
2284:
2276:
2271:
2263:
2258:
2250:
2245:
2237:
2232:
2224:
2219:
2211:
2209:
2201:
2196:
2188:
2186:
2178:
2173:
2165:
2163:
2155:
2153:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2110:
2087:
2084:
2043:
2041:Further reading
2038:
2037:
2027:
2025:
2017:Canale, Suzie.
2016:
2015:
2008:
1998:
1996:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1972:
1970:
1961:
1960:
1951:
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1036:
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1011:
1008:plants.usda.gov
1003:
994:
993:
974:
965:
963:
958:
957:
950:
945:
939:Ukraine, 2005.
927:Tunisia, 2003.
915:Romania, 1993.
891:Germany, 1978.
875:Romania, 1959.
838:
834:
830:
811:(Sweet brier).
809:Rosa rubiginosa
753:
705:Dog rose is an
703:
639:
613:victory gardens
611:was planted in
581:
552:powdery mildews
527:red spider mite
497:
483:. According to
473:
460:
345:analysis using
313:
304:Rosa rubiginosa
301:and sweetbriar
281:, and multiple
243:
192:
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54:
28:
23:
22:
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12:
11:
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2696:
2694:Flora of Spain
2691:
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2684:Flora of Italy
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
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2656:
2646:
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2639:
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2636:
2635:
2631:wfo-0001005999
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2082:External links
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2006:
1979:
1949:
1931:
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1694:(5): 501–506.
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1230:(3): 547–559.
1202:
1174:The genus rosa
1163:
1148:
1127:(9): 1989–93.
1103:
1080:
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1021:
972:
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911:Greece, 1989.
857:postage stamps
780:County Leitrim
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597:sesquiterpenes
580:
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311:Classification
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2089:"Rosa canina"
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2065:0-340-40170-2
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2013:
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2007:
1994:
1990:
1983:
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1969:on 2023-03-09
1968:
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1644:(2): 162–166.
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1264:. 27 May 2013
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806:
805:
800:
795:
793:
789:
785:
782:is nicknamed
781:
777:
773:
772:county flower
769:
762:
757:
750:
748:
745:
741:
739:
735:
731:
727:
726:declared weed
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
700:
698:
696:
692:
688:
685:, but may be
684:
683:
678:
674:
673:
669:
664:
661:, but not in
660:
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644:
636:
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621:
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557:
553:
549:
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541:
539:
534:
532:
528:
525:, glasshouse
524:
517:on a dog rose
516:
512:
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501:
494:
492:
490:
486:
482:
478:
470:
468:
465:
457:
455:
453:
449:
445:
435:
431:
428:
425:(Christ) Vuk.
423:
422:R. subcollina
420:
417:(Christ) Vuk.
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298:Rosa agrestis
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174:Binomial name
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82:Tracheophytes
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53:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
2115:
2092:
2071:
2056:
2048:
2026:. Retrieved
2022:
1997:. Retrieved
1982:
1971:. Retrieved
1967:the original
1946:Google Books
1939:
1938:Carol Klein
1934:
1922:. Retrieved
1918:the original
1913:
1904:
1892:. Retrieved
1882:
1871:. Retrieved
1867:
1857:
1848:
1842:
1831:. Retrieved
1826:
1822:
1812:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1767:
1732:
1728:
1718:
1691:
1687:
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1650:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1627:
1615:. Retrieved
1610:
1601:
1589:. Retrieved
1584:
1575:
1563:. Retrieved
1558:
1549:
1537:. Retrieved
1515:
1505:
1477:
1470:
1441:
1433:
1421:. Retrieved
1416:
1407:
1399:
1394:
1369:
1361:
1326:
1322:
1312:
1301:. Retrieved
1296:
1290:
1266:. Retrieved
1261:
1252:
1227:
1223:
1217:
1213:
1205:
1173:
1166:
1157:
1151:
1124:
1120:
1114:
1106:
1093:
1055:
1048:
1037:. Retrieved
1033:
1024:
1012:. Retrieved
1007:
998:
964:. Retrieved
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
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868:
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843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
826:
823:
820:
815:
813:
808:
802:
796:
783:
770:. It is the
765:
746:
742:
723:
711:high country
704:
680:
671:
667:
640:
628:
617:
608:
605:World War II
601:
593:monoterpenes
590:
573:honey fungus
570:
563:
559:
555:
545:
542:
535:
520:
488:
484:
474:
461:
447:
441:
433:
429:
421:
414:R. subcanina
413:
405:
397:
387:
379:
371:
364:R. balsamica
363:
356:
350:
340:
331:
327:
325:
302:
296:
294:
287:
267:
244:
230:
225:
224:
223:
204:
182:
180:
164:
163:
151:
114:
101:
88:
75:
35:
29:
2500:Rosa_canina
2454:Rosa~canina
2410:NatureServe
2351:iNaturalist
2252:Rosa_canina
2146:Rosa canina
2140:Wikispecies
2116:Rosa canina
2049:Rosa canina
2028:20 November
1924:19 November
1894:21 November
1888:"Wild rose"
1785:: 501–506,
1775:Rosa canina
1682:Rosa canina
1617:14 November
1591:14 November
1565:18 November
1539:20 November
1423:21 November
1291:Rosa canina
1115:Rosa canina
999:Rosa canina
937:Rosa canina
933:Rosa canina
925:Rosa canina
921:Rosa canina
917:Rosa canina
913:Rosa canina
909:Rosa canina
901:Rosa canina
897:Rosa canina
889:Rosa canina
885:Rosa canina
881:Rosa canina
877:Rosa canina
873:Rosa canina
869:Rosa canina
865:Rosa canina
861:Rosa canina
715:New Zealand
609:Rosa canina
523:leafhoppers
489:rosa canina
458:Cultivation
448:Rosa canina
434:irregularis
357:Rosa canina
332:Cynorrhodon
328:Rosa canina
271:aestivation
241:Description
226:Rosa canina
183:Rosa canina
95:Angiosperms
36:Rosa canina
2648:Categories
2605:WisFlora:
2518:Plant List
2210:Calflora:
1973:2023-03-09
1963:"Dog-rose"
1873:2021-11-15
1833:2009-04-17
1329:(5): 470.
1303:2021-11-15
1039:2021-11-26
997:"DOG ROSE
966:2017-04-04
943:References
929:Pasta Ruza
761:Hildesheim
751:In culture
691:tetraploid
677:pentaploid
647:polyploidy
406:R. stylosa
398:R. montana
389:R. dumalis
2317:242417146
2299:FloraBase
1667:: 97–381.
1634:R. canina
1462:863361796
1268:8 October
1191:cite book
1014:8 October
776:Hampshire
697:as well.
695:hexaploid
659:egg cells
655:bivalents
548:rose rust
538:gall wasp
444:cultivars
442:Numerous
372:R. caesia
247:deciduous
218:rose-hips
205:See text
159:Species:
65:Kingdom:
2593:VicFlora
2582:VASCAN:
2575:27800145
2570:Tropicos
2497:PalDat:
2449:NSWFlora
2415:2.139434
2379:731955-1
2247:eFloraSA
2187:BioLib:
2125:Wikidata
1999:30 April
1993:Archived
1798:citation
1779:Heredity
1759:21993502
1710:15770234
1688:Heredity
1559:EATWEEDS
1497:25202760
1297:pfaf.org
1244:23499615
1216:section
1143:19734679
1075:33964778
846:brethren
814:Oberon,
768:heraldry
738:bushland
637:Genetics
631:Bulgaria
251:prickles
231:dog rose
198:Synonyms
141:Rosaceae
137:Family:
108:Eudicots
18:Dog Rose
2330:3002461
2234:Ecocrop
2131:Q146066
1750:3282369
1353:8530926
1344:1073704
1218:Caninae
734:rabbits
709:in the
687:diploid
672:Caninae
643:meiosis
536:When a
393:Bechst.
352:Caninae
283:stamens
279:pistils
255:pinnate
147:Genus:
131:Rosales
127:Order:
69:Plantae
2531:PLANTS
2523:rjp-39
2490:333885
2461:NZOR:
2291:179295
2265:234403
2203:291945
2167:152799
2164:APDB:
2063:
1757:
1747:
1708:
1585:kitchn
1530:
1495:
1485:
1460:
1450:
1382:
1351:
1341:
1242:
1141:
1073:
1063:
850:sepals
670:sect.
663:pollen
651:ploidy
624:pączki
620:Poland
383:Borkh.
367:Besser
275:sepals
121:Rosids
2654:Roses
2615:WoI:
2562:16017
2536:ROCA3
2507:PFI:
2472:NZPCN
2441:74635
2392:24819
2366:11578
2363:IPA:
2356:55884
2304:16243
2286:EUNIS
2278:ROSCN
2226:4TCZM
2190:39740
2180:76104
2154:APA:
1777:L.",
1299:. n.d
1098:(PDF)
1004:(PDF)
730:foxes
560:rosae
558:var.
481:rabid
477:Pliny
409:Desv.
401:Chaix
115:Clade
102:Clade
89:Clade
76:Clade
2608:4839
2585:8890
2544:POWO
2510:1972
2477:2921
2436:NCBI
2402:2538
2387:ITIS
2374:IPNI
2343:5309
2338:GRIN
2325:GBIF
2273:EPPO
2239:9312
2213:7180
2198:BOLD
2175:APNI
2157:3194
2061:ISBN
2030:2019
2001:2014
1926:2019
1896:2019
1804:link
1755:PMID
1706:PMID
1657:Rosa
1619:2022
1593:2022
1567:2019
1541:2019
1528:ISBN
1493:OCLC
1483:ISBN
1458:OCLC
1448:ISBN
1425:2019
1380:ISBN
1349:PMID
1270:2023
1240:PMID
1214:Rosa
1197:link
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