20:
85:) and their administrators. She was a key figure in the indigenous struggle leading towards the Land Reform law in Ecuador, which was promulgated in October 1973. She had also promoted the foundation of bilingual schools; in 1946 she founded the first school of its kind in Ecuador, which taught in both
103:
In 1927, she married Luis
Catucuamba. They lived in Yanahuayco, near Cayambe. The couple had nine children, eight of which died at a young age. The cause of death was bowel disease due to the lack of hygiene and sanitation in the area. The only child who lived to adulthood was Luis Catucuamba, who
133:
While
Cacuango never received a formal education, she helped establish the first bilingual Indian schools. Aware of the terrible conditions that the children of indigenous peoples suffered in the schools, she ultimately founded bilingual schools, taught in both Spanish and
70:
as unpaid laborers. Growing up, she had no access to education due to lack of resources. At the age of fifteen, she worked for the owner of the hacienda as a domestic servant and was struck by the disparity between the living conditions of the landlords and the peons.
316:
163:
Dolores
Cacuango, or Mama Dulu, as she was known, died in 1971. Her son, Luis Catucuamba Cacuango (b. 1924), taught at the Yanahuaico Indigenous school from 1945 to 1963, until the schools were shut down by the junta.
138:, the indigenous language. She established these schools in the Cayambe zone in 1945. Cacuango proposed that these schools teach the pupils to read in both languages. Her schools functioned for 18 years, but the
115:
In 1930, Cacuango was among the leaders of the historic workers' strike at the
Pesillo hacienda in Cayambe. The strike was a milestone for indigenous and peasant rights, and was later the subject of
96:. He used to sit near a lawyer's office while eavesdropping on their conversations, which led to him reporting the creation of a law protecting indigenous people to his local community in
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621:
107:
In 1971, Dolores died. During her last years, she became paraplegic and lost a significant amount of weight, making her unable to visit local communities and organizations.
601:
468:"Twenty-four new species of Aleiodes Wesmael from the eastern Andes of Ecuador with associated biological information (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae)"
130:, she founded the Indigenous Federation of Ecuador (FEI), one of the first primary organisations to position, demand and fight for indigenous rights.
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46:. She stood out in the political arena and was one of the first activists of Ecuadorian feminism, between '30s and '60s. She founded the
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126:
During the May 1944 Revolution in
Ecuador, Cacuango personally led an assault on a government military base. Along with fellow activist
407:
374:
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In 1988, the
Ministry of Education recognized the necessity of bettering the education of the indigenous people of Ecuador.
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63:
47:
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100:. This prompted them to start using the law to defend themselves from the abuse of landowners and the church.
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81:
During her political life, she led many rebellions against the systemic abuse of the owners of haciendas (
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One of the political influences of
Caucango was an indigenous man called Juan Albamocho, who was a
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In 2023, a new species of snake found in
Ecuador and probably endemic to the country was named
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39:
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317:"The Historical and Contemporary Role of Women in Ecuadorian Society | Modern Latin America"
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31:
19:
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533:"Découverte d'une nouvelle espèce de serpent nain probablement endémique à l'Équateur"
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The
National Direction of Bilingual Intercultural Education was also created. The
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58:
Dolores
Cacuango was born in 1881 in San Pablo Urco on the Pesillo Hacienda near
120:
480:
417:
384:
304:
Indians and Leftists in the Making of Ecuador’s Modern Indigenous Movements.
152:
499:
431:"Where Did the Women Go? Gender Inequalities in Ecuador's Ethno-Politics".
367:
Indians and leftists in the making of Ecuador's modern indigenous movements
266:"INTERNATIONAL WOMen's DAY-ECUADOR: Indian Women - Still a Long Way to Go"
249:"INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY-ECUADOR: Indian Women - Still a Long Way to Go"
67:
93:
43:
182:
74:
Dolores never learned how to read or write. She learned Spanish in
75:
18:
175:
144:
400:
Indigenous and Afro-Ecuadorians Facing the Twenty-First Century
50:(FEI) in 1944 with the help of Ecuador's Communist Party.
342:
The International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest
402:. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
104:
became an indigenous teacher in his homeland in 1946.
142:closed them in 1963, considering them as communist
78:, where she worked as a housemaid at a young age.
66:heritage. Her parents were peons, who worked in
572:Ecuadorian people of indigenous peoples descent
450:Dolores Cacuango. Tributo a una líder indígena
622:Indigenous military personnel of the Americas
8:
34:– 23 April 1971, Yanahuayco), also known as
489:
479:
295:
293:
291:
289:
287:
239:
185:celebrated her 139th birthday with a
155:and was imprisoned for her activism.
16:Ecuadorian indigenous rights activist
7:
602:Indigenous activists of the Americas
537:Newsendip. De l'actu internationale
531:Vérité, Clément (January 6, 2023).
514:"Dolores Cacuango's 139th Birthday"
466:Shimbori, E. M; Shaw, S. R (2014).
14:
369:. Durham: Duke University Press.
38:, was a pioneer in the fight for
48:Federación Ecuatoriana de Indios
607:Indigenous people of the Andes
567:People from Pichincha Province
1:
617:Women in 20th-century warfare
612:Women in war in South America
340:Ness, Immanuel (2009-04-13).
40:indigenous and farmers rights
30:(26 October 1881, Pesillo,
638:
582:Ecuadorian women activists
151:Cacuango was an outspoken
433:Social Development Issues
481:10.3897/zookeys.405.7402
306:(retrieved 10 Aug 2011)
398:Marc., Becker (2013).
195:Tropidophis cacuangoae
24:
587:Ecuadorian communists
365:Becker, Marc (2008).
301:"Cast of Characters."
251:. IPS. Archived from
181:On October 26, 2020,
22:
577:Ecuadorian activists
178:is named after her.
520:. 26 October 2020.
272:on October 5, 2006
172:Aleiodes cacuangoi
25:
597:Ecuadorian rebels
321:library.brown.edu
208:Tránsito Amaguaña
128:Tránsito Amaguaña
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268:. Archived from
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218:Micaela Bastidas
159:Death and legacy
62:, of parents of
60:Cayambe, Ecuador
32:Cayambe, Ecuador
28:Dolores Cacuango
23:Dolores Cacuango
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140:military junta
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36:Mamá Doloreyuk
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474:(405): 1–81.
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562:1971 deaths
557:1881 births
454:El Universo
276:October 20,
198:after her.
174:species of
117:Jorge Icaza
592:Communists
551:Categories
326:2018-11-12
259:2009-10-20
121:Huasipungo
83:hacendados
64:indigenous
418:893739594
385:246726784
153:Communist
119:'s novel
68:haciendas
54:Biography
500:24843275
202:See also
123:(1934).
111:Activism
491:4023268
472:ZooKeys
439:. 2014.
136:Quechua
98:Cayambe
87:Quechua
44:Ecuador
518:Google
498:
488:
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383:
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348:
183:Google
94:beggar
234:Notes
145:focos
76:Quito
496:PMID
414:OCLC
404:ISBN
381:OCLC
371:ISBN
346:ISBN
278:2009
176:wasp
486:PMC
476:doi
42:in
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