1228:
36:
142:, it continued until 16,516 acres (6,684 ha) in Capulin Canyon and the Dome Wilderness were burned. High fuel loading, low fuel moisture, and wind contributed to the extremely rapid spread of the fire, with flame lengths of hundreds of feet. It became a plume-dominated fire in which huge updrafts pulled burning embers high into the clouds and then collapsed.
1240:
196:
The area affected by the Dome Fire has become a focus for studies examining the ability of an area to recover from fire. While the period immediately following the fire was marked by erosion and flooding, there has been some evidence of increasing species richness and recovery in the second decade
145:
The
National Park Service and United States Forest Service (USFS) sent in a type 1 incident management team. Resources deployed included 15 fire engines, 7 water tenders, 7 helicopters, 5 air tankers, 4 bulldozers, and at least 800 firefighters. At one point, NPS and USFS personnel had to use fire
168:
There was also damage to archaeological sites in the area. At least 523 identified cultural resource sites were within the area of the fire. Following a review, preservation attempts occurred at 56 of those sites, and materials were removed from 6 sites to study effects of the fire.
121:
during the 1996 fire season. It has been described by forester Bill
Armstrong as "a wakeup call that nobody woke up to", anomalous at the time but an indicator of future high-intensity fires that are becoming more common due to both local and global
176:, particularly the dangers posed by rapidly spreading crown fires. The Dome Fire was the immediate inspiration for creation of the Inter-agency Wildfire Management Team and for studies that predicted further fires in nearby areas such as
161:
Conditions in the Dome Fire, such as flame length, rate of spread, and type of crown fire activity, were the most severe recorded between 1966 and 2009. The fire was one of the nine largest in the area as of 2009.
134:
The Dome Fire exploded on April 26, 1996, starting from an improperly extinguished campfire. Two men were later arrested after turning themselves in. Devastating portions of the
771:
1296:
797:
616:
1006:
736:
DeGraff, Jerome V.; Cannon, Susan H.; Gartner, Joseph E. (November 2015). "The Timing of
Susceptibility to Post-Fire Debris Flows in the Western United States".
431:"Evaluation of the potential for debris and hyperconcentrated flows in Capulin Canyon as a result of the 1996 Dome fire, Bandelier National Monument, New Mexico"
1281:
711:
valuation of the landslide potential in
Capulin Canyon following the Dome Fire, Bandelier National Monument, New Mexico : Open-File Report 98-42
1271:
685:
165:
The fire had multiple ecological effects including fire-induced acceleration of erosion, landslides, and unprecedented postfire flooding.
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1244:
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177:
150:
41:
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992:
590:
482:
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377:"Changes in Fire Severity across Gradients of Climate, Fire Size, and Topography: A Landscape Ecological Perspective"
214:
876:
Leonard, Jackson M.; Magaña, Hugo A.; Bangert, Randy K.; Neary, Daniel G.; Montgomery, Willson L. (December 2017).
538:
1200:
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1127:
376:
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149:
On May 1, 1996 it was reported that firefighters had used a controlled burn to prevent the fire from reaching
135:
877:
153:. The fire was contained in early May. By May 7, 1996, Bandelier National Monument was reopened to tourists.
511:
934:"Effects of Wildfire and Postfire Floods on Stonefly Detritivores of the Pajarito Plateau, New Mexico"
745:
642:
253:
16:
This article is about the 1996 Dome Fire in New Mexico. For the 2020 Dome Fire in
California, see
1080:
961:
907:
677:
Archaeology of
Bandelier National Monument: Village Formation on the Pajarito Plateau, New Mexico
399:
315:
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185:
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889:
878:"Fire and Floods: The Recovery of Headwater Stream Systems Following High-Severity Wildfire"
753:
391:
305:
261:
173:
17:
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110:
63:
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257:
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643:"Valles Caldera National Preserve: Wildland Fire Environment Existing Condition Report"
123:
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319:
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The Dome Fire was significant for pointing out the problems of fighting fires on the
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911:
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Vieira, Nicole K. M.; Barnes, Tiffany R.; Mitchell, Katharine A. (August 2011).
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118:
114:
67:
957:
903:
430:
275:
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106:
294:"Wildfires at the Edges of Science: Horizoning Work amid Runaway Change"
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293:
197:
following the fire, after the risk of flash flooding events decreased.
820:
344:"A - Community Wildfire Protection Plan 2016 Los Alamos, New Mexico"
266:
241:
988:
821:"The West's hottest question: How to burn what's bound to burn"
708:
Cannon, Susan H.; Ellis, William L.; Godt, Jonathan W. (1998).
351:
Energy, Minerals and
Natural Resources Department, New Mexico
800:. Lawrence Journal-World. Associated Press. April 29, 1996
510:
National Park
Service Department of the Interior (1996).
180:. Modified fire breaks were later cut along the sides of
146:
shelters when their engines were overtaken by the fire.
1199:
1162:
1145:
1126:
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1020:
857:(4). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service
91:
86:
78:
73:
59:
49:
28:
375:Haire, Sandra L.; McGarigal, Kevin (August 2009).
215:"Wilderness Areas on the Santa Fe National Forest"
40:Smoke from the Dome Fire dominated this view from
772:"Fire threatens Indian artifacts in New Mexico"
1000:
8:
847:"Remember Los Alamos: The Cerro Grande Fire"
483:"Winds Strengthen Forest Fire in New Mexico"
1297:1996 natural disasters in the United States
1007:
993:
985:
738:Environmental & Engineering Geoscience
25:
893:
669:
667:
591:"Fire Crews Block Blaze From Nuclear Lab"
505:
503:
309:
287:
285:
265:
565:"Winds expected to fuel New Mexico fire"
424:
422:
420:
338:
336:
240:Nijhuis, Michelle (September 20, 2012).
370:
368:
206:
519:. Boise, Idaho: National Park Service
292:Petryna, Adriana (10 November 2018).
23:Wildfire in New Mexico, United States
7:
1282:1990s wildfires in the United States
1239:
457:"'Back Burn' Apparently Successful"
798:"N.M. fire threatens Indian sites"
597:. Spokane, Washington. May 1, 1996
184:, which aided firefighters in the
14:
938:Western North American Naturalist
819:Davis, Tony Davis (5 June 2000).
617:"Arizona fire forces evacuations"
481:Johnson, George (30 April 1996).
455:Baker, Deborah (April 30, 1996).
1238:
1227:
1226:
650:Valles Caldera National Preserve
95:Improperly extinguished campfire
34:
1272:1996 fires in the United States
680:. Albuquerque, NM: UNM Press.
178:Los Alamos National Laboratory
151:Los Alamos National Laboratory
113:in the northern region of the
42:Los Alamos National Laboratory
1:
895:10.4996/fireecology.130306284
82:16,516 acres (66.84 km)
758:10.2113/gseegeosci.21.4.277
674:Kohler, Timothy A. (2004).
396:10.4996/fireecology.0502086
140:Bandelier National Monument
1313:
539:"Large fire in New Mexico"
15:
1222:
54:April 26, 1996 - May 1996
33:
1292:Santa Fe National Forest
1172:Calf Canyon/Hermits Peak
1111:Whitewater–Baldy Complex
513:1996 Midland Fire Report
242:"Forest fires: Burn out"
136:Santa Fe National Forest
1267:Wildfires in New Mexico
717:. US Geological Survey
435:U.S. Geological Survey
851:Fire Management Today
298:Cultural Anthropology
124:environmental changes
1015:New Mexico wildfires
950:10.3398/064.071.0213
595:The Spokesman-Review
1174:(April 6–August 22)
845:Paxon, Jim (2000).
750:2015EEGeo..21..277D
258:2012Natur.489..352N
219:USDA Forest Service
1277:1996 in New Mexico
1138:(June 15–August 4)
487:The New York Times
311:10.14506/ca33.4.06
105:was a destructive
1254:
1253:
1186:(April 17–May 13)
825:High Country News
687:978-0-8263-3082-6
429:Cannon, Susan H.
252:(7416): 352–354.
186:Cerro Grande Fire
182:State Highway 501
99:
98:
1304:
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1192:(May 13–July 27)
1180:(April 12–May 7)
1155:(May 20–July 23)
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778:. April 29, 1996
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571:. April 30, 1996
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545:. April 28, 1996
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174:Pajarito Plateau
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18:Dome Fire (2020)
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1287:Jemez Mountains
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1214:South Fork Fire
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64:Jemez Mountains
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944:(2): 257–270.
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304:(4): 570–595.
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221:. May 20, 2016
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1081:Ponil Complex
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623:. May 6, 1996
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390:(2): 86–103.
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1075:Cerro Grande
1051:
1034:Water Canyon
1021:20th century
982:
969:. Retrieved
941:
937:
927:
915:. Retrieved
888:(3): 62–84.
885:
882:Fire Ecology
881:
871:
859:. Retrieved
854:
850:
840:
828:. Retrieved
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802:. Retrieved
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780:. Retrieved
775:
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731:
719:. Retrieved
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691:. Retrieved
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654:. Retrieved
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599:. Retrieved
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573:. Retrieved
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547:. Retrieved
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521:. Retrieved
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490:. Retrieved
486:
476:
464:. Retrieved
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438:. Retrieved
434:
407:. Retrieved
387:
384:Fire Ecology
383:
355:. Retrieved
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323:. Retrieved
301:
297:
249:
245:
235:
223:. Retrieved
218:
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171:
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148:
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133:
102:
100:
1105:Little Bear
1099:Las Conchas
1058:Oso Complex
1028:Capitan Gap
353:. p. 5
246:Nature News
1261:Categories
1184:Cooks Peak
782:August 18,
225:August 17,
201:References
119:New Mexico
115:U.S. state
79:Total area
74:Statistics
68:New Mexico
1209:Salt Fire
1068:2000–2018
1040:Salvation
958:1527-0904
904:1933-9747
804:17 August
320:150192757
188:of 2000.
103:Dome Fire
29:Dome Fire
1233:Category
1117:Ute Park
971:18 March
966:53678960
917:18 March
912:89973174
861:18 March
830:18 March
721:18 March
693:18 March
656:17 March
627:18 March
601:18 March
575:18 March
549:18 March
523:18 March
492:18 March
466:18 March
440:17 March
409:17 March
404:53985176
357:18 March
325:18 March
276:22996530
192:Recovery
107:wildfire
87:Ignition
60:Location
1245:Commons
1178:McBride
1153:Johnson
1046:La Mesa
746:Bibcode
461:AP NEWS
254:Bibcode
130:History
109:in the
50:Date(s)
1119:(2018)
1113:(2012)
1107:(2012)
1101:(2011)
1095:(2011)
1093:Wallow
1089:(2008)
1083:(2002)
1077:(2000)
1060:(1998)
1054:(1996)
1048:(1977)
1042:(1974)
1036:(1954)
1030:(1950)
964:
956:
910:
902:
684:
652:. 2009
402:
318:
274:
157:Impact
1190:Black
1087:Trigo
962:S2CID
908:S2CID
715:(PDF)
646:(PDF)
517:(PDF)
400:S2CID
380:(PDF)
347:(PDF)
316:S2CID
92:Cause
1201:2024
1164:2022
1146:2021
1128:2020
1052:Dome
973:2022
954:ISSN
919:2022
900:ISSN
863:2022
832:2022
806:2016
784:2016
723:2022
695:2022
682:ISBN
658:2022
629:2022
603:2022
577:2022
551:2022
525:2022
494:2022
468:2022
442:2022
411:2022
359:2022
327:2022
272:PMID
227:2016
138:and
101:The
946:doi
890:doi
754:doi
569:UPI
543:UPI
392:doi
306:doi
262:doi
250:489
117:of
1263::
960:.
952:.
942:71
940:.
936:.
906:.
898:.
886:13
884:.
880:.
855:60
853:.
849:.
823:.
774:.
752:.
742:21
740:.
666:^
648:.
619:.
593:.
567:.
541:.
502:^
485:.
459:.
433:.
419:^
398:.
386:.
382:.
367:^
349:.
335:^
314:.
302:33
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296:.
284:^
270:.
260:.
248:.
244:.
217:.
126:.
66:,
1008:e
1001:t
994:v
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948::
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892::
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808:.
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756::
748::
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697:.
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605:.
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527:.
496:.
470:.
444:.
413:.
394::
388:5
361:.
329:.
308::
278:.
264::
256::
229:.
44:.
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
