2473:
2877:
94:
42:
806:
3664:
250:
69:
779:
Although populations appear to be decreasing, this is not currently thought to be rapid enough to be of concern for the species in the medium term, especially as global little auk numbers are generally rather fluid. Little auks have been shown to be able to buffer fluctuations in prey availability,
593:, the head, neck, back, and wings are black, with a white trailing edge to the secondary feathers, and white fringes on the scapular feathers, and pure white underparts. The bill is short and stubby. They have a small rounded black tail. The lower face and fore neck become white in winter plumage.
743:
is an Inuit food from
Greenland. It is made by stuffing a seal skin with 300 to 500 little auks. Once full and airtight, the skin is sealed with seal fat and the little auks are left to ferment for 3 to 18 months under a pile of rocks. Caught in spring, little auks are a human food resource in
657:
on their own; they are brooded for approximately 5 days until they are able to thermoregulate, after which they are only attended to for feeding by parents. The young fledge from their nests at an age of 26–29 days old, synchronously with others on the colony, usually at night.
787:
353:
was not particularly familiar with the winter plumages of either the auk or the duck, and appears to have confused the two species. Other old names include rotch, rotche, bullbird, and sea dove, although the latter sometimes refers to a relative, the
793:
791:
788:
792:
421:
just north of
Iceland, but are extinct there now. In winter, they disperse widely across the Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans, with the largest numbers in the Arctic close to the pack ice edge, and smaller numbers south to northern
790:
1390:
Harding, A. M. A.; Egevang, C.; Walkusz, W.; et al. (2009). "Estimating prey capture rates of a planktivorous seabird, the little auk (Alle alle), using diet, diving behaviour, and energy consumption".
641:
Little auks breed in large colonies on scree slopes on marine cliffsides. They nest in crevices or beneath large rocks, and may build rudimentary nests by bringing small pebbles and/or old grasses and
1645:
609:
The flight is fast and direct, with rapid whirring wing beats due to their short wings. These birds forage for food like other auks by swimming underwater. They mainly eat
789:
633:
prey, but by visually-guided suction-feeding. They feed close to the shoreline during the breeding season, and feed near ice edges and coastlines during the winter.
3928:
1553:
Isaksen, K.; Gavrilo, M. V. (2000). "Little Auk Alle alle". In Anker-Nilssen, T.; Bakken, V.; Strøm, H.; Golovkin, A. N.; Bianki, V. V.; Tatarinkova, I. P. (eds.).
653:
by both parents equally, for roughly a month (28–31 days), until chicks begin to hatch at about 25 days. Hatchlings generally weigh about 21 g and are unable to
3993:
497:
581:, at 19–21 cm (7.5–8.3 in) in length, with a 34–38 cm (13–15 in) wingspan. The adult weight ranges from 130–200 g (4.6–7.1 oz).
4166:
617:, of which a 150 g (5.3 oz) bird requires ~60,000 individuals per day (equivalent to 30 g of dry food weight), but they also eat small
2472:
1706:
649:
and have high nest-site fidelity, meaning that they often reusing the same cavity as a nest site by the same pair, year to year. The eggs are generally
1733:
759:
and oven-baked. It was a food of last resort to prevent winter starvation amongst the fisher people of
Newfoundland's outport communities. Shot with
4125:
3892:
3941:
780:
caused by climate change, via plasticity in their foraging behaviour, which is likely to make accurate conservation assessments more difficult.
645:
into the cavity, where they lay a single egg.Their single pale greenish blue egg is placed in a crevice of the rocks. Like other auks, they are
771:, and mainly acts as a subsistence hunt for traditional hunters, who shoot wintering murres near ice flows in coastal waters as a food source.
4019:
1562:
1537:
1271:
1165:
1062:
931:
1155:
4201:
3840:
1085:
1117:
Systema
Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis
1095:
923:
721:
Due to their habit of feeding near shore during both summer and winter months, the species has been an important source of food for
763:
on ice pans off
Newfoundland's south coast, a feed would consist of 5–6 birds per person. Similarly, a hunt continues to occur for
4196:
4138:
4071:
3853:
447:
216:
755:, Canada, the dovekie is known colloquially as the bull(y) bird or ice bird. The birds were once hunted, stuffed with savoury
505:
172:
3946:
917:
3980:
2876:
1726:
805:
4181:
3731:
4186:
3791:
1380:
The Birds of North
America, No. 701 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
596:
Little auks produce a variety of twitters and cackling calls at the breeding colonies, but tend to be silent at sea.
4191:
3871:
1310:
3998:
3884:
768:
3663:
1719:
1287:
694:
following strong northerly gales on 9–11 November 2007, with 18,381 flying north on 9th and 28,803 on 11th.
476:
as Ocean of Arctic, Europe and
America but this is now restricted to Scotland. The specific epithet is from
473:
93:
4176:
3778:
3684:
1468:
1557:. Norsk Polarinstitutt Rapportserie. Vol. 113. Tromsø: Norwegian Polar Institute. pp. 131–136.
1260:
4045:
3796:
2769:
752:
394:
195:
3016:
1621:
1593:
869:
682:, and can cause wrecks of these birds, along with other seabirds, at sea and occasionally on land. The
4143:
1503:
4076:
3760:
3742:
2196:
1598:
1255:
402:
3056:
2524:
2099:
1900:
2952:
1846:
1314:
1251:
646:
586:
561:
439:
406:
58:
3972:
3510:
3261:
2728:
2599:
2248:
1959:
4063:
3468:
3382:
3251:
3241:
2789:
2136:
1857:
1835:
1203:
Brunnich, 1772 (Aves): Proposed rejection or suppression under the plenary powers. Z.N.(S.) 1911"
410:
284:
88:
3612:
3548:
2942:
2922:
2779:
2622:
2334:
2186:
1969:
1711:
1266:. Vol. 1: Non-passerines (4th ed.). Eastbourne, UK: Aves Press. p. 222, Note 12.
4050:
3933:
3622:
3479:
3231:
4032:
3959:
3814:
3640:
3089:
3036:
2827:
2410:
1920:
1558:
1533:
1449:
1441:
1267:
1161:
1091:
1058:
1035:
1018:
Halpin, Luke R; Willie, Megan MC (2014-01-01). "First Record of
Dovekie in British Columbia".
927:
481:
2752:
2714:
2575:
4171:
4037:
3392:
3272:
3025:
2932:
2690:
2384:
1825:
1683:
1431:
1400:
1120:(in Latin). Vol. 1 (10th ed.). Holmiae (Stockholm): Laurentii Salvii. p. 131.
1027:
896:
864:
654:
557:
549:
485:
414:
390:
342:
41:
3783:
249:
4006:
3365:
2683:
2514:
2428:
1801:
1786:
1743:
1134:
578:
452:
355:
145:
3722:
846:
997:
3879:
3866:
3580:
2565:
2551:
2448:
2147:
1418:
Enstipp, Manfred R.; Descamps, Sébastien; Fort, Jérôme; Grémillet, David (2018-07-01).
745:
691:
678:. Late autumn storms may carry them south of their normal wintering areas, or into the
671:
667:
650:
338:
4160:
3954:
3105:
3080:
3065:
2640:
2544:
2417:
2393:
2263:
1111:
892:
855:
740:
730:
698:
687:
683:
675:
626:
625:, as well as small fish. Recent evidence suggests that the little auk forages not by
553:
539:
527:
523:
466:
443:
423:
398:
378:
350:
212:
78:
73:
1291:
1225:
1182:
1138:
4116:
3907:
3589:
3531:
3517:
3413:
3399:
3180:
3116:
2845:
2834:
2704:
2667:
2649:
2610:
2437:
2291:
2280:
2256:
2156:
1983:
1935:
947:
706:
618:
346:
3819:
3747:
1296:(in German). Vol. 1. Rostock, Germany: Gedruckt bey Adlers Erben. p. 46.
1115:
3858:
3806:
973:
4058:
3985:
3967:
3915:
3716:
3486:
3458:
3427:
3420:
3327:
3311:
3284:
3215:
3173:
3150:
2981:
2894:
2735:
2300:
2227:
2207:
2042:
1990:
1889:
461:
427:
50:
1485:
1143:. Vol. 2. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 351.
4084:
3600:
3562:
3444:
3358:
3195:
3132:
3125:
2861:
2803:
2796:
2656:
2629:
2589:
2582:
2558:
2457:
2400:
2341:
2324:
2317:
2307:
2236:
2110:
1976:
1910:
1868:
1774:
1404:
710:
702:
610:
512:
418:
366:
1445:
1039:
3630:
3493:
3320:
2998:
2721:
2535:
2490:
2369:
2362:
2355:
2348:
2216:
2167:
2075:
2022:
2002:
1646:"Hunting regulations summary for migratory birds: Newfoundland and Labrador"
1318:
822:
726:
679:
531:
374:
323:
105:
4089:
3707:
1453:
3845:
1057:. Barcelona: European Bird Census Council and Lynx Edicions. p. 406.
4110:
3701:
3555:
3524:
3500:
3437:
3372:
3293:
3166:
2810:
2697:
2270:
2119:
1879:
1762:
901:
756:
734:
630:
622:
535:
382:
125:
3770:
1622:"Review: This Cold Heaven: Seven Seasons in Greenland by Gretel Ehrlich"
1224:
Commission of the
International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1973).
705:
are the main predators of little auks at colonies, with other gulls and
4130:
4011:
3897:
3755:
3342:
3300:
3159:
3045:
2963:
2906:
2854:
2676:
2176:
1945:
1780:
1436:
1419:
1031:
614:
590:
17:
1688:
1671:
1420:"Almost like a whale – first evidence of suction feeding in a seabird"
1053:
Booth Jones, Katherine A. (2020). Keller, Verena; et al. (eds.).
3647:
3538:
3204:
3098:
2972:
2817:
2759:
2742:
2126:
1756:
974:"Dovekie Identification, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology"
760:
642:
530:(Arctic northeast Canada), northwest, east Greenland, north Iceland,
362:
115:
3920:
3678:
3832:
1492:. Washington, DC: National Council for Science and the Environment.
1262:
The Howard & Moore
Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World
3827:
3451:
3406:
3351:
1768:
1055:
European Breeding Bird Atlas 2: Distribution, Abundance and Change
722:
457:
327:
258:
4024:
3569:
3005:
1672:"Little auks buffer the impact of current Arctic climate change"
1083:
del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi, eds. (1996).
764:
496:, but in 1973 this name was suppressed by the commission of the
135:
3682:
2892:
2488:
2073:
1799:
1715:
1293:
Beschreibung der Naturalien-Sammlung der Universität zu Rostock
737:, as well as at parts of its southern range in eastern Canada.
500:
and now the little auk is the only species placed in the genus
840:
838:
574:
319:
155:
1555:
The Status of Marine Birds Breeding in the Barents Sea Region
1532:. Northumberland & Tyneside Bird Club. pp. 155–157.
1230:
Brunnich, 1772 (Aves): suppressed under the plenary powers"
401:
with additional breeding individuals thought to occur on
1372:
Montevecchi, W. A., and I. J. Stenhouse. 2002. Dovekie (
504:
that was introduced in 1806 by the German naturalist
3636:
3618:
3608:
3544:
3506:
3475:
3464:
3433:
3388:
3378:
3267:
3257:
3247:
3237:
3227:
3147:
2994:
2948:
2938:
2928:
2918:
2823:
2785:
2775:
2765:
2748:
2710:
2618:
2595:
2571:
2520:
2510:
2406:
2330:
2313:
2276:
2244:
2192:
2182:
2132:
2095:
1956:
1932:
1916:
1906:
1896:
1885:
1875:
1863:
1853:
1842:
1831:
1821:
748:'s death is attributed to food poisoning by kiviaq.
4100:
3691:
3599:
3579:
3341:
3310:
3283:
3214:
3194:
3146:
3115:
3088:
3079:
3055:
3035:
3015:
2971:
2962:
2905:
2844:
2666:
2639:
2609:
2534:
2501:
2447:
2427:
2383:
2290:
2235:
2226:
2206:
2166:
2146:
2109:
2086:
2041:
2021:
2001:
1955:
1931:
1812:
713:has also been reported to feed on little auk eggs.
1259:
870:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22694837A131932114.en
709:predating the species as well. In some cases, the
998:"Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary s. v. 'sea dove'"
670:south by winter into northern areas of the North
492:). The species was formerly placed in the genus
1528:Fisher, Ian; Holliday, Steve T., eds. (2008).
1319:"Noddies, gulls, terns, skimmers, skuas, auks"
948:"Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary s. v. 'rotch'"
417:in the Bering Sea. They also formerly bred on
1727:
891:Gill F; D Donsker; P Rasmussen, eds. (2020).
498:International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
8:
1157:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
919:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
674:. The species is also commonly found in the
3679:
3220:
3085:
2968:
2911:
2902:
2889:
2498:
2485:
2232:
2083:
2070:
1809:
1796:
1734:
1720:
1712:
456:. He placed it with the other auks in the
248:
67:
40:
31:
1687:
1580:Peter Freuchen's Adventures in the Arctic
1488:. In P. Saundry; C. J. Cleveland (eds.).
1435:
1129:
1127:
1090:. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. p. 709.
900:
868:
349:and imitates the call of the drake duck.
1160:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 42.
834:
782:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1305:
1303:
1670:David Grémillet; et al. (2012).
1358:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1325:. International Ornithologists' Union
1078:
1076:
1074:
769:province of Newfoundland and Labrador
7:
3885:77bd9fe6-60a3-4851-9b4a-e1f5a6182a18
968:
966:
964:
922:. London: Christopher Helm. p.
4167:IUCN Red List least concern species
1234:Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature
1207:Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature
856:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1707:Feathers of Little Auk (Alle alle)
1181:Amadon, Dean; et al. (1970).
1086:Handbook of the Birds of the World
577:of its size, half the size of the
442:in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist
361:They breed on islands in the high
25:
3662:
2875:
2471:
1582:. New York: Messner. p. 81.
1473:. Doubleday, Page & Company.
1323:IOC World Bird List Version 14.1
1140:Check-List of Birds of the World
804:
785:
393:. A small number of individuals
92:
1424:Journal of Experimental Biology
845:BirdLife International (2018).
799:Little auk swimming and diving.
1676:Marine Ecology Progress Series
585:is marginally larger than the
1:
686:record count was made at the
560:(north of central Russia) to
556:, in Arctic Russia); perhaps
426:in the eastern Atlantic, and
1620:Diski, Gretel (2002-02-16).
811:Little auk in winter plumage
4202:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1088:. Volume 3, Hoatzin to Auks
542:(north of northwest Russia)
4218:
1484:Hogan, C. Michael (2011).
1154:Jobling, James A. (2010).
573:This is the only Atlantic
3659:
3223:
2914:
2901:
2888:
2873:
2497:
2484:
2469:
2082:
2069:
1808:
1795:
1751:
1578:Freuchen, Dagmar (1960).
1530:Birds in Northumbria 2007
1467:Reed, Chester A. (1914).
1405:10.1007/s00300-009-0581-x
916:Jobling, James A (2010).
863:: e.T22694837A131932114.
472:. Linnaeus specified the
430:in the western Atlantic.
290:
283:
256:
247:
229:
224:
201:
194:
89:Scientific classification
87:
65:
56:
48:
39:
34:
1746:and their extinct allies
1504:"A wreck of little auks"
1317:, eds. (December 2023).
1288:Link, Heinrich Friedrich
589:subspecies. In breeding
534:(northeast of Iceland),
4197:Birds described in 1758
1020:Northwestern Naturalist
717:Interaction with humans
506:Heinrich Friedrich Link
751:On the south coast of
538:(north of Norway) and
266: Year-round range
4046:Paleobiology Database
1490:Encyclopedia of Earth
978:www.allaboutbirds.org
893:"IOC World Bird List"
600:Behaviour and ecology
395:Little Diomede Island
3880:Fauna Europaea (new)
1599:Smithsonian Magazine
902:10.14344/IOC.ML.10.2
564:(Bering Sea, Alaska)
4182:Birds of the Arctic
562:St. Lawrence Island
438:The little auk was
407:St. Lawrence Island
296:Linnaeus, 1758
59:Conservation status
4187:Birds of Greenland
3017:Synthliboramphini
1437:10.1242/jeb.182170
1313:; Donsker, David;
1032:10.1898/NWN13-21.1
548:Stenhouse, 1930 –
440:formally described
411:St. Matthew Island
278: Winter range
272: Summer range
235:- (Linnaeus, 1758)
4192:Fauna of Svalbard
4154:
4153:
4033:Open Tree of Life
3685:Taxon identifiers
3676:
3675:
3672:
3671:
3657:
3656:
3337:
3336:
3190:
3189:
3142:
3141:
3075:
3074:
2884:
2883:
2871:
2870:
2480:
2479:
2467:
2466:
2379:
2378:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2060:
1689:10.3354/meps09590
1564:978-82-7666-176-7
1539:978-0-9557406-0-2
1508:Ocracoke Observer
1430:(13): jeb182170.
1315:Rasmussen, Pamela
1273:978-0-9568611-0-8
1167:978-1-4081-2501-4
1135:Peters, James Lee
1064:978-84-16728-38-1
933:978-1-4081-2501-4
794:
744:winter. However,
490:Clangula hyemalis
302:
301:
241:- Stenhouse, 1930
176:
82:
16:(Redirected from
4209:
4147:
4146:
4134:
4133:
4121:
4120:
4119:
4093:
4092:
4080:
4079:
4067:
4066:
4054:
4053:
4041:
4040:
4028:
4027:
4015:
4014:
4002:
4001:
3989:
3988:
3986:NBNSYS0000000377
3976:
3975:
3963:
3962:
3950:
3949:
3937:
3936:
3924:
3923:
3911:
3910:
3901:
3900:
3888:
3887:
3875:
3874:
3862:
3861:
3849:
3848:
3836:
3835:
3823:
3822:
3810:
3809:
3800:
3799:
3787:
3786:
3774:
3773:
3764:
3763:
3761:B0932D89F1F74318
3751:
3750:
3738:
3737:
3727:
3726:
3725:
3712:
3711:
3710:
3680:
3667:
3666:
3638:
3620:
3610:
3546:
3508:
3477:
3466:
3435:
3390:
3380:
3269:
3259:
3249:
3239:
3229:
3221:
3149:
3086:
3026:Synthliboramphus
2996:
2969:
2950:
2940:
2933:Hydrotherikornis
2930:
2920:
2912:
2903:
2890:
2879:
2825:
2787:
2777:
2767:
2750:
2712:
2620:
2597:
2573:
2522:
2512:
2499:
2486:
2475:
2408:
2385:Recurvirostridae
2332:
2315:
2278:
2246:
2233:
2194:
2184:
2134:
2097:
2084:
2071:
1958:
1934:
1918:
1908:
1898:
1887:
1877:
1865:
1855:
1844:
1833:
1826:Charadriisimilis
1823:
1810:
1797:
1736:
1729:
1722:
1713:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1617:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1607:
1594:"Eating Narwhal"
1590:
1584:
1583:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1439:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1387:
1381:
1370:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1307:
1298:
1297:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1265:
1256:Remsen, J.V. Jr.
1248:
1242:
1241:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1191:Gunnerus, 1761,
1178:
1172:
1171:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1131:
1122:
1121:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1080:
1069:
1068:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1006:
1004:
994:
988:
987:
985:
984:
970:
959:
958:
956:
954:
944:
938:
937:
913:
907:
906:
904:
888:
882:
881:
879:
877:
872:
842:
808:
796:
795:
666:All little auks
605:Food and feeding
558:Severnaya Zemlya
550:Franz Josef Land
486:long-tailed duck
415:Pribilof Islands
391:Franz Josef Land
365:. There are two
343:long-tailed duck
312:(North America)
297:
277:
271:
265:
252:
207:
171:
97:
96:
76:
71:
70:
49:Breeding adult,
44:
32:
21:
4217:
4216:
4212:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4207:
4206:
4157:
4156:
4155:
4150:
4142:
4137:
4129:
4124:
4115:
4114:
4109:
4096:
4088:
4083:
4075:
4070:
4062:
4057:
4049:
4044:
4036:
4031:
4023:
4018:
4010:
4007:Observation.org
4005:
3997:
3992:
3984:
3979:
3971:
3966:
3958:
3953:
3945:
3940:
3932:
3927:
3919:
3914:
3906:
3904:
3896:
3891:
3883:
3878:
3870:
3865:
3857:
3852:
3844:
3839:
3831:
3826:
3818:
3813:
3805:
3803:
3795:
3790:
3782:
3777:
3769:
3767:
3759:
3754:
3746:
3741:
3735:
3730:
3721:
3720:
3715:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3687:
3677:
3668:
3661:
3653:
3595:
3575:
3366:Chroicocephalus
3333:
3306:
3279:
3210:
3186:
3138:
3111:
3071:
3051:
3031:
3011:
2958:
2897:
2880:
2867:
2840:
2662:
2635:
2605:
2530:
2493:
2476:
2463:
2443:
2429:Ibidorhynchidae
2423:
2375:
2286:
2222:
2202:
2162:
2142:
2105:
2078:
2057:
2037:
2017:
1997:
1951:
1927:
1804:
1802:Charadriiformes
1791:
1787:Charadriiformes
1747:
1740:
1703:
1698:
1697:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1655:
1653:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1630:
1628:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1605:
1603:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1565:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1540:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1512:
1510:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1486:"Norwegian Sea"
1483:
1482:
1478:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1371:
1338:
1328:
1326:
1309:
1308:
1301:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1274:
1258:, eds. (2013).
1252:Dickinson, E.C.
1250:
1249:
1245:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1168:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1133:
1132:
1125:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1098:
1082:
1081:
1072:
1065:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1002:
1000:
996:
995:
991:
982:
980:
972:
971:
962:
952:
950:
946:
945:
941:
934:
915:
914:
910:
890:
889:
885:
875:
873:
844:
843:
836:
831:
819:
812:
809:
800:
797:
786:
777:
719:
664:
639:
607:
602:
579:Atlantic puffin
571:
465:and coined the
453:Systema Naturae
436:
356:black guillemot
295:
279:
275:
273:
269:
267:
263:
220:
209:
203:
190:
170:
146:Charadriiformes
91:
83:
72:
68:
61:
28:
27:Species of bird
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4215:
4213:
4205:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4159:
4158:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4148:
4135:
4122:
4106:
4104:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4081:
4068:
4055:
4042:
4029:
4016:
4003:
3990:
3977:
3964:
3951:
3938:
3925:
3912:
3902:
3889:
3876:
3867:Fauna Europaea
3863:
3850:
3837:
3824:
3811:
3801:
3788:
3775:
3765:
3752:
3739:
3728:
3713:
3697:
3695:
3689:
3688:
3683:
3674:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3651:
3644:
3634:
3627:
3616:
3605:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3585:
3583:
3581:Stercorariidae
3577:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3566:
3559:
3552:
3542:
3535:
3528:
3521:
3514:
3504:
3497:
3490:
3483:
3473:
3462:
3455:
3448:
3441:
3431:
3424:
3417:
3410:
3403:
3396:
3386:
3376:
3369:
3362:
3355:
3347:
3345:
3339:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3324:
3316:
3314:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3297:
3289:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3265:
3255:
3245:
3235:
3224:
3218:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3200:
3198:
3192:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3184:
3177:
3170:
3163:
3155:
3153:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3129:
3121:
3119:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3102:
3094:
3092:
3083:
3077:
3076:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3061:
3059:
3057:Brachyramphini
3053:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3041:
3039:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3021:
3019:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3002:
2992:
2985:
2977:
2975:
2966:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2956:
2946:
2936:
2926:
2915:
2909:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2886:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2865:
2858:
2850:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2838:
2831:
2821:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2793:
2783:
2773:
2763:
2756:
2746:
2739:
2732:
2725:
2718:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2672:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2660:
2653:
2645:
2643:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2626:
2615:
2613:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2603:
2593:
2586:
2579:
2569:
2562:
2555:
2552:Hydrophasianus
2548:
2540:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2525:Scolopacimilis
2518:
2507:
2505:
2503:incertae sedis
2495:
2494:
2489:
2482:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2453:
2451:
2449:Haematopodidae
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2433:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2414:
2404:
2397:
2389:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2328:
2321:
2311:
2304:
2296:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2284:
2274:
2267:
2260:
2253:
2241:
2239:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2212:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2190:
2180:
2172:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2152:
2150:
2148:Pluvianellidae
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2130:
2123:
2115:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2100:Cherevychnavis
2092:
2090:
2088:incertae sedis
2080:
2079:
2074:
2067:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2047:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2027:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2013:
2007:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1987:
1980:
1973:
1965:
1963:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1941:
1939:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1914:
1904:
1901:Sarjeantopodus
1894:
1883:
1873:
1861:
1851:
1840:
1829:
1818:
1816:
1814:incertae sedis
1806:
1805:
1800:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1783:
1777:
1771:
1765:
1759:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1702:
1701:External links
1699:
1696:
1695:
1662:
1637:
1612:
1585:
1570:
1563:
1545:
1538:
1520:
1495:
1476:
1459:
1410:
1399:(5): 785–796.
1382:
1336:
1299:
1279:
1272:
1243:
1226:"Opinion 999:
1216:
1173:
1166:
1146:
1137:, ed. (1934).
1123:
1112:Linnaeus, Carl
1103:
1096:
1070:
1063:
1045:
1010:
989:
960:
939:
932:
908:
883:
833:
832:
830:
827:
826:
825:
818:
815:
814:
813:
810:
803:
801:
798:
784:
776:
773:
746:Knud Rasmussen
718:
715:
692:Northumberland
663:
660:
655:thermoregulate
638:
635:
627:filter-feeding
606:
603:
601:
598:
570:
567:
566:
565:
552:(northeast of
543:
515:are accepted:
435:
432:
300:
299:
288:
287:
281:
280:
274:
268:
262:
257:Global map of
254:
253:
245:
244:
243:
242:
236:
227:
226:
222:
221:
210:
199:
198:
192:
191:
184:
182:
178:
177:
163:
159:
158:
153:
149:
148:
143:
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
85:
84:
66:
63:
62:
57:
54:
53:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4214:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4177:Atlantic auks
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4145:
4140:
4136:
4132:
4127:
4123:
4118:
4112:
4108:
4107:
4105:
4103:
4099:
4091:
4086:
4082:
4078:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4034:
4030:
4026:
4021:
4017:
4013:
4008:
4004:
4000:
3995:
3991:
3987:
3982:
3978:
3974:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3956:
3952:
3948:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3930:
3926:
3922:
3917:
3913:
3909:
3903:
3899:
3894:
3890:
3886:
3881:
3877:
3873:
3868:
3864:
3860:
3855:
3851:
3847:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3829:
3825:
3821:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3802:
3798:
3793:
3789:
3785:
3780:
3776:
3772:
3766:
3762:
3757:
3753:
3749:
3744:
3740:
3733:
3729:
3724:
3718:
3714:
3709:
3703:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3681:
3665:
3650:
3649:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3635:
3633:
3632:
3628:
3625:
3624:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3582:
3578:
3572:
3571:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3551:
3550:
3543:
3541:
3540:
3536:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3505:
3503:
3502:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3449:
3447:
3446:
3442:
3440:
3439:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3409:
3408:
3404:
3402:
3401:
3397:
3395:
3394:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3370:
3368:
3367:
3363:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3340:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3309:
3303:
3302:
3298:
3296:
3295:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3282:
3275:
3274:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3246:
3244:
3243:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3226:
3225:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3183:
3182:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3171:
3169:
3168:
3164:
3162:
3161:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3145:
3135:
3134:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3106:Ptychoramphus
3103:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3081:Fraterculinae
3078:
3068:
3067:
3066:Brachyramphus
3063:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3054:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2953:Pseudocepphus
2947:
2945:
2944:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2917:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2891:
2887:
2878:
2864:
2863:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2784:
2782:
2781:
2774:
2772:
2771:
2764:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2688:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2641:Rostratulidae
2638:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2545:Actophilornis
2542:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2533:
2527:
2526:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2487:
2483:
2474:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2418:Recurvirostra
2415:
2413:
2412:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2396:
2395:
2394:Cladorhynchus
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2372:
2371:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2329:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2303:
2302:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2264:Hoploxypterus
2261:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2072:
2068:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2011:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1930:
1923:
1922:
1915:
1913:
1912:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1847:Fluviatitavis
1841:
1838:
1837:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1764:
1760:
1758:
1754:
1753:
1750:
1745:
1737:
1732:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1718:
1717:
1714:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1690:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1666:
1663:
1651:
1647:
1641:
1638:
1627:
1623:
1616:
1613:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1589:
1586:
1581:
1574:
1571:
1566:
1560:
1556:
1549:
1546:
1541:
1535:
1531:
1524:
1521:
1509:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1491:
1487:
1480:
1477:
1472:
1471:
1470:The Bird Book
1463:
1460:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1414:
1411:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1393:Polar Biology
1386:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1283:
1280:
1275:
1269:
1264:
1263:
1257:
1253:
1247:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1220:
1217:
1213:(2): 110–112.
1212:
1208:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1195:Klein, 1760,
1194:
1190:
1186:
1177:
1174:
1169:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1150:
1147:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1107:
1104:
1099:
1097:84-87334-20-2
1093:
1089:
1087:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1060:
1056:
1049:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1014:
1011:
999:
993:
990:
979:
975:
969:
967:
965:
961:
949:
943:
940:
935:
929:
925:
921:
920:
912:
909:
903:
898:
894:
887:
884:
871:
866:
862:
858:
857:
852:
850:
841:
839:
835:
828:
824:
821:
820:
816:
807:
802:
783:
781:
774:
772:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
749:
747:
742:
738:
736:
732:
731:Baffin Island
728:
724:
716:
714:
712:
708:
704:
700:
699:glaucous gull
695:
693:
689:
688:Farne Islands
685:
681:
677:
676:Norwegian Sea
673:
669:
661:
659:
656:
652:
648:
644:
636:
634:
632:
628:
624:
620:
619:invertebrates
616:
613:, especially
612:
604:
599:
597:
594:
592:
588:
584:
583:A. a. polaris
580:
576:
568:
563:
559:
555:
554:Novaya Zemlya
551:
547:
546:A. a. polaris
544:
541:
540:Novaya Zemlya
537:
533:
529:
528:Baffin Island
525:
521:
518:
517:
516:
514:
509:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
484:word for the
483:
479:
475:
474:type locality
471:
468:
467:binomial name
464:
463:
459:
455:
454:
449:
448:tenth edition
445:
444:Carl Linnaeus
441:
433:
431:
429:
425:
424:Great Britain
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
399:Bering Strait
396:
392:
388:
387:A. a. polaris
384:
380:
379:Novaya Zemlya
376:
372:
368:
364:
359:
357:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
329:
325:
321:
317:
316:
311:
307:
298:
294:
289:
286:
282:
260:
255:
251:
246:
240:
239:A. a. polaris
237:
234:
231:
230:
228:
223:
218:
214:
208:
206:
200:
197:
196:Binomial name
193:
189:
188:
183:
180:
179:
174:
169:
168:
164:
161:
160:
157:
154:
151:
150:
147:
144:
141:
140:
137:
134:
131:
130:
127:
124:
121:
120:
117:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
101:
100:
95:
90:
86:
80:
75:
74:Least Concern
64:
60:
55:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
4101:
3692:
3646:
3639:
3629:
3621:
3611:
3590:Stercorarius
3588:
3568:
3561:
3554:
3547:
3537:
3530:
3523:
3518:Rhodostethia
3516:
3511:Pseudosterna
3509:
3499:
3492:
3485:
3478:
3467:
3457:
3450:
3443:
3436:
3426:
3419:
3414:Hydrocoloeus
3412:
3405:
3400:Gelochelidon
3398:
3391:
3381:
3371:
3364:
3357:
3350:
3326:
3319:
3299:
3292:
3271:
3262:Paractiornis
3260:
3250:
3240:
3230:
3203:
3181:Praemancalla
3179:
3172:
3165:
3158:
3131:
3124:
3117:Fraterculini
3104:
3097:
3064:
3044:
3024:
3004:
2997:
2988:
2987:
2980:
2951:
2941:
2931:
2921:
2860:
2853:
2846:Thinocoridae
2833:
2826:
2816:
2809:
2802:
2795:
2788:
2778:
2768:
2758:
2751:
2741:
2734:
2729:Limnocryptes
2727:
2720:
2713:
2705:Coenocorypha
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2668:Scolopacidae
2655:
2650:Nycticryphes
2648:
2628:
2621:
2611:Pedionomidae
2600:Nupharanassa
2598:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2523:
2513:
2502:
2456:
2438:Ibidorhyncha
2436:
2416:
2409:
2399:
2392:
2368:
2361:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2323:
2316:
2306:
2299:
2292:Charadriinae
2279:
2269:
2262:
2257:Erythrogonys
2255:
2249:Dolicopterus
2247:
2215:
2195:
2185:
2175:
2157:Pluvianellus
2155:
2135:
2125:
2118:
2098:
2087:
1989:
1984:Palaeotringa
1982:
1975:
1968:
1960:Graculavidae
1944:
1936:Laornithidae
1919:
1909:
1899:
1888:
1878:
1867:
1856:
1845:
1834:
1824:
1813:
1773:Infraclass:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1654:. Retrieved
1652:. 2010-06-29
1649:
1640:
1629:. Retrieved
1626:The Guardian
1625:
1615:
1604:. Retrieved
1602:. 2009-04-23
1597:
1588:
1579:
1573:
1554:
1548:
1529:
1523:
1513:12 September
1511:. Retrieved
1507:
1498:
1489:
1479:
1469:
1462:
1427:
1423:
1413:
1396:
1392:
1385:
1377:
1373:
1327:. Retrieved
1322:
1292:
1282:
1261:
1246:
1237:
1233:
1227:
1219:
1210:
1206:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1176:
1156:
1149:
1139:
1116:
1106:
1084:
1054:
1048:
1026:(1): 56–60.
1023:
1019:
1013:
1003:September 6,
1001:. Retrieved
992:
981:. Retrieved
977:
953:September 6,
951:. Retrieved
942:
918:
911:
886:
874:. Retrieved
860:
854:
848:
778:
775:Conservation
753:Newfoundland
750:
739:
720:
696:
665:
640:
608:
595:
582:
572:
545:
519:
510:
501:
493:
489:
477:
469:
460:
451:
437:
386:
370:
360:
347:onomatopoeic
341:name of the
334:
330:
314:
313:
309:
308:(Europe) or
305:
303:
292:
291:
238:
232:
204:
202:
187:A. alle
186:
185:
166:
165:
29:
4059:SeaLifeBase
3968:NatureServe
3916:iNaturalist
3717:Wikispecies
3487:Onychoprion
3469:Limicolavis
3459:Leucophaeus
3428:Ichthyaetus
3421:Hydroprogne
3383:Feducciavis
3328:Rhinoptilus
3312:Glareolinae
3285:Glareolinae
3252:Mioglareola
3242:Boutersemia
3216:Glareolidae
3174:Miomancalla
3151:Mancallinae
2790:Parvelorius
2736:Limnodromus
2301:Anarhynchus
2228:Pluvianidae
2208:Pluvianidae
2137:Genucrassum
2052:See below ↓
2032:See below ↓
2012:See below ↓
1991:Telmatornis
1890:Palintropus
1858:Jiliniornis
1836:Eupterornis
1682:: 197–206.
1311:Gill, Frank
1240:(2): 80–81.
876:12 November
611:crustaceans
569:Description
428:Nova Scotia
403:King Island
324:only member
318:is a small
225:Subspecies
51:Spitzbergen
35:Little auk
4161:Categories
4117:Q106447041
4085:Xeno-canto
3613:Cerestenia
3601:Turnicidae
3563:Thalasseus
3549:Sternalara
3445:Larosterna
3359:Chlidonias
3196:Dromadidae
3133:Fratercula
3126:Cerorhinca
2943:Miocepphus
2923:Divisulcus
2862:Thinocorus
2804:Prosobonia
2797:Phalaropus
2780:Paractitis
2657:Rostratula
2630:Pedionomus
2623:Oligonomus
2590:Microparra
2583:Metopidius
2559:Irediparra
2458:Haematopus
2401:Himantopus
2342:Oreopholus
2335:Jilniornis
2325:Elseyornis
2318:Dorypaltus
2308:Charadrius
2237:Vanellinae
2187:Chionoides
2111:Burhinidae
1977:Graculavus
1970:Dakotornis
1911:Scandiavis
1869:Morsoravis
1775:Neognathae
1744:shorebirds
1742:Genera of
1656:2024-03-19
1631:2022-10-19
1606:2022-10-19
1199:Linnaeus,
983:2020-09-30
829:References
761:BB pellets
711:polar bear
703:Arctic fox
647:monogamous
631:planktonic
526:, 1758) –
520:A. a. alle
513:subspecies
373:breeds in
371:A. a. alle
367:subspecies
306:little auk
233:A. a. alle
4102:Alca alle
4090:Alle-alle
3748:Alle_alle
3723:Alle alle
3693:Alle alle
3631:Ortyxelos
3623:Eocliffia
3494:Pagophila
3480:Limosavis
3321:Cursorius
3273:Precursor
3232:Becassius
2999:Pinguinus
2722:Gallinago
2691:Bartramia
2536:Jacanidae
2491:Scolopaci
2370:Thinornis
2363:Pluvialis
2356:Phegornis
2349:Peltohyas
2217:Pluvianus
2168:Chionidae
2076:Charadrii
2023:Scolopaci
2003:Charadrii
1755:Kingdom:
1650:canada.ca
1446:0022-0949
1374:Alle alle
1040:1051-1733
895:. v10.2.
849:Alle alle
823:Great auk
727:Greenland
680:North Sea
651:incubated
532:Jan Mayen
470:Alca alle
375:Greenland
315:Alle alle
293:Alca alle
205:Alle alle
181:Species:
112:Kingdom:
106:Eukaryota
4111:Wikidata
3973:2.103393
3960:22694837
3934:11034766
3784:22694837
3779:BirdLife
3768:BioLib:
3702:Wikidata
3641:Turnipax
3556:Sternula
3525:Rynchops
3501:Phaetusa
3438:Laricola
3373:Creagrus
3294:Glareola
3167:Mancalla
3090:Aethiini
3037:Cepphini
2828:Villetus
2811:Scolopax
2760:Numenius
2698:Calidris
2684:Arenaria
2411:Kashinia
2271:Vanellus
2120:Burhinus
1921:Volgavis
1880:Nahmavis
1763:Chordata
1761:Phylum:
1757:Animalia
1454:29844199
1290:(1806).
1114:(1758).
817:See also
757:dressing
735:Labrador
701:and the
672:Atlantic
637:Breeding
623:mollusks
621:such as
615:copepods
587:nominate
536:Svalbard
524:Linnaeus
434:Taxonomy
413:and the
383:Svalbard
351:Linnaeus
345:; it is
285:Synonyms
213:Linnaeus
152:Family:
126:Chordata
122:Phylum:
116:Animalia
102:Domain:
79:IUCN 3.1
4172:Alcinae
4144:1299125
4131:4408619
3908:dovekie
3898:2481299
3756:Avibase
3393:Gaviota
3343:Laridae
3301:Stiltia
3160:Alcodes
3046:Cepphus
2964:Alcinae
2907:Alcidae
2855:Attagis
2770:Nuntius
2753:Mirolia
2715:Elorius
2677:Actitis
2576:Janipes
2515:Hakawai
2177:Chionis
1946:Laornis
1785:Order:
1781:Neoaves
1779:Clade:
1767:Class:
1329:18 July
1228:Plautus
1201:Plautus
1193:Plautus
1185:Plautus
767:in the
707:raptors
684:British
668:migrate
591:plumage
494:Plautus
450:of his
446:in the
419:Grímsey
397:in the
337:is the
326:of the
310:dovekie
261:reports
162:Genus:
156:Alcidae
142:Order:
132:Class:
77: (
18:Dovekie
4077:137129
4038:280899
4025:137129
3947:176982
3905:GNAB:
3854:EURING
3833:doveki
3807:doveki
3736:doveki
3708:Q26470
3648:Turnix
3539:Sterna
3205:Dromas
3099:Aethia
2973:Alcini
2818:Tringa
2743:Limosa
2566:Jacana
2281:Viator
2197:Neilus
2127:Esacus
1561:
1536:
1452:
1444:
1270:
1197:Plotus
1189:Plotus
1164:
1094:
1061:
1038:
930:
765:murres
741:Kiviaq
733:, and
662:Winter
643:lichen
480:, the
385:; and
363:Arctic
322:, the
276:
270:
264:
175:, 1806
4139:WoRMS
4072:WoRMS
4064:74912
4051:83409
3999:28691
3929:IRMNG
3872:96981
3841:EUNIS
3828:eBird
3804:BOW:
3797:12292
3532:Rissa
3452:Larus
3407:Gygis
3352:Anous
2835:Xenus
723:Inuit
458:genus
328:genus
259:eBird
4126:GBIF
4020:OBIS
3994:NCBI
3955:IUCN
3942:ITIS
3921:4524
3893:GBIF
3859:6470
3820:BTFY
3792:BOLD
3771:8726
3570:Xema
3006:Uria
2989:Alle
2982:Alca
2895:Lari
2043:Lari
1769:Aves
1559:ISBN
1534:ISBN
1515:2024
1450:PMID
1442:ISSN
1331:2024
1268:ISBN
1162:ISBN
1092:ISBN
1059:ISBN
1036:ISSN
1005:2020
955:2020
928:ISBN
878:2021
861:2018
697:The
511:Two
502:Alle
482:Lapp
478:allē
462:Alca
381:and
339:Sami
335:Alle
331:Alle
304:The
217:1758
173:Link
167:Alle
136:Aves
4012:270
3981:NBN
3846:863
3815:CoL
3743:ADW
3732:ABA
1684:doi
1680:454
1432:doi
1428:221
1401:doi
1376:).
1187:or
1028:doi
897:doi
865:doi
725:of
690:in
629:on
575:auk
389:on
320:auk
4163::
4141::
4128::
4113::
4087::
4074::
4061::
4048::
4035::
4022::
4009::
3996::
3983::
3970::
3957::
3944::
3931::
3918::
3895::
3882::
3869::
3856::
3843::
3830::
3817::
3794::
3781::
3758::
3745::
3734::
3719::
3704::
3276:"?
1678:.
1674:.
1648:.
1624:.
1596:.
1506:.
1448:.
1440:.
1426:.
1422:.
1397:32
1395:.
1378:In
1339:^
1321:.
1302:^
1254:;
1238:50
1236:.
1232:.
1211:27
1209:.
1205:.
1126:^
1073:^
1034:.
1024:95
1022:.
976:.
963:^
926:.
924:42
859:.
853:.
837:^
729:,
508:.
409:,
405:,
377:,
369:;
358:.
333:.
215:,
3637:†
3626:?
3619:†
3609:†
3545:†
3507:†
3476:†
3472:?
3465:†
3434:†
3389:†
3379:†
3270:"
3268:†
3258:†
3248:†
3238:†
3228:†
3148:†
2995:†
2949:†
2939:†
2929:†
2919:†
2824:†
2786:†
2776:†
2766:†
2749:†
2711:†
2619:†
2596:†
2572:†
2521:†
2511:†
2407:†
2331:†
2314:†
2277:†
2252:?
2245:†
2193:†
2183:†
2133:†
2096:†
1994:?
1962:?
1957:†
1938:?
1933:†
1924:?
1917:†
1907:†
1897:†
1893:?
1886:†
1876:†
1872:"
1866:"
1864:†
1854:†
1850:?
1843:†
1839:?
1832:†
1822:†
1735:e
1728:t
1721:v
1692:.
1686::
1659:.
1634:.
1609:.
1567:.
1542:.
1517:.
1456:.
1434::
1407:.
1403::
1333:.
1276:.
1183:"
1170:.
1100:.
1067:.
1042:.
1030::
1007:.
986:.
957:.
936:.
905:.
899::
880:.
867::
851:"
847:"
522:(
488:(
219:)
211:(
81:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
