129:, a journal that reviews electronic work, described this work as "a marriage of high-tech and story telling that uses a GPS device, tablet PC and custom software to determine the viewers and deliver story components based on the users’ location." GPS Museum noted that this early locative work is one of the first that used walking around in a physical setting and experiencing a digital work.
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explains that this early hyperfiction paved the way for locative works and the programming prefigured software tools to create further works that merged physical locations with digital stories. In a 2020 interview with Molly
Hankwitz, Jeremy Hight explained that this technology could "let places and
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analyzed this work as a first example of "narrative archaelogy" and used this to analyze the role of narrative in augmented reality. "Hight wants to use his augmented reality to create something radically different by making the augmentation occur in the same place and time as the everyday physical
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and explain that it works in a city street in Los
Angeles. As readers follow an interactive map in the city, they access fragments of the story. Bell and Ensslin explain that the work asks "listeners to imagine fictional stories alongside their current physical location in the actual world."
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This seminal work helped pave the way for locative fiction works and software. The work is one of the first to use GPS to serve content to readers. Users walk the city and listen to portions of the story that are delivered based on their GPS positions.
143:. Eskelinen goes on to note that these works require users to use their bodies in ways that interact with the text, thus demanding more of a reader than merely interpreting text and writing.
93:(February 2004) calls this a "real-space museum" and explained that walking the actual current streets with this work allowed readers to experience the past in innovative ways.
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a "real-space museum" and explained that walking the actual current streets with this work allowed readers to experience the past in innovative ways.
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449:. International Texts in Critical Media Aesthetics. Vol. 2. London and New York: Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 34.
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This work was shown at the LA Freewaves
Festival and the Art in Motion Festival, according to the original website. A contemporary journal,
43:(GPS) data with a fictional narrative on an early tablet PC connected to Global Positioning devices to deliver a real-time story to a user.
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In an analysis of the poetic possibilities in digital media, Markku
Eskelinen uses this work as an example of ergodic texts as defined by
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history speak and potentially skin the world with stories: things not possible on paper".
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Digital
Fiction and the Unnatural: Transmedial narrative theory, method, and analysis
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by Jeff
Knowlton, Naomi Spellman, and Jeremy Hight is one of the first locative
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191:. New York and Oxford: Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. p. 45.
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Hypertext 3.0: critical theory and new media in an era of globalization
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Pisarski, Mariusz (2023). "Diverse
Mappings of Electronic Literature".
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to the time of the work where innovations are the internet and GPS.
274:"Virtual Real-Space Museums: Innovation in Cultural Interpretation"
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405:"20 and 21_Jeremy Hight: One-man Literary Artist and Theorist"
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The work is set in a freight depot and warehouse in downtown
220:- 2002, by Jeff Knowlton, Naomi Spellman & Jeremy Hight"
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in the
Electronic Literature Lab. See the original work at
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Interactive
Digital Narrative: History, Theory and Practice
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from the historical time period. A contemporary journal,
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60:. The time spans the early 1900s when innovations were
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281:American Cultural Resources Association Newsletter
115:American Cultural Resources Association Newsletter
91:American Cultural Resources Association Newsletter
428:Cybertext: Perspectives on Ergodic Literature
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97:Critical reception and literary significance
248:. Ohio State University Press. p. 76.
189:Global Perspectives on Digital Literature
39:. Published in 2003, the work connected
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244:Ensslin, Astrid; Bell, Alice (2021).
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272:Dore, Christopher (February 2004).
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497:2000s electronic literature works
360:NOEMA - Technology & Society
85:Historical maps were based on
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101:In his 2006 critical study,
87:Sanborn Fire Insurance maps
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445:Eskelinen, Markku (2012).
298:Landow, George P. (2006).
41:Global Positioning System
27:Early locative hypertext
492:Location-based software
425:Aarseth, Espen (1997).
383:. 9781138782396. 2015.
72:and Alice Bell examine
18:Draft:34 North 118 West
407:. bivoulab. 2020-09-04
117:(February 2004) calls
507:Internet-based works
478:https://34n118w.net/
158:Location-based game
47:Plot and structure
502:Art in California
456:978-1-4411-2438-8
447:Cybertext Poetics
354:34 NORTH 118 WEST
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411:2023-09-28
366:2023-09-28
337:2023-10-16
224:GPS Museum
174:References
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287:(1): 7–8.
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