215:
309:. They say that when lou Drapé is wandering in the streets or on the road, it never fails to grab all the lost children and to place them on its back one by one; its rump gradually lengthens as it needs more space, so that it can take fifty and a hundred children at once, if it must. Where does it then take them?! Why, no-one knows; but the little brats cannot expect anything but the whip and stale bread to eat every day. Lou Drapé or the Drapé is not only an object of terror for the children, but the subject of their most serious comments. — Jacques-Paul Migne,
441:
27:
679:. It too can elongate its back to accommodate children. One day it crosses a river carrying a dozen of them and, as it reaches the middle, lets them fall in the water before taking up another form and perching on a nearby rock, laughing at the trick it has just played on them. These two legends are also variants of the drac.
561:
that "by the water, the silhouettes of the lutin and the horse tend to get mixed up and merge into one single entity whose role is to lead astray, to scare off and to plunge the ones who ride it into any pond or river". He cites this Aigues-Mortes legend as one of his examples. According to a study
456:
is that it only attacks vagabond children, which makes it, as Collin de Plancy notices, a symbol of the prevention of mothers’ negligence. Its relationship to the croque-mitaine and the ogre (with which it shares the role of "terror of children") has been discussed, notably by anthropologist
806:
Dictionnaire infernal: ou Répertoire universel des êtres, des personnages, des livres, des faits et des choses qui tiennent aux apparitions, aux divinations, à la magie, au commerce de l'enfer, aux démons, aux sorciers, aux sciences occultes, aux grimoires, à la cabale, aux esprits
266:
is out, it gathers all the lost children on its back, one after the other; and that its rump gradually lengthens from a standard size to one long enough to fit fifty and a hundred children, which he then takes who knows where. — Jacques
Auguste Simon Collin de Plancy,
812:
Infernal
Dictionary: or a universal index of beings, characters, books, facts and things to do with appearances, divination, magic, trading and Hell, with demons, witch sorcerers, with the occult, with grimoires, with the cabal, with elemental
642:
region. According to Henri
Dontenville, this characteristic is serpentine, or at least reptilian. In fact, "one only has to look at a snake unrolling or, more simply, a worm to understand the origins of this myth". In a collection of tales by
515:
region, where a river runs "serpentine like a snake". There, the drac takes up residence, turns into a beautiful white horse and obediently lets children and shepherds ride it before drowning them.
129:
marsh area of France. It is said to wander around the walls of the city at night and to take a large number of children on his back to abduct them. These children never return from this journey.
610:
lingers on the whiteness of "ghastly, pale" horses, "nocturnal, lunar, cold and empty" animals, like a shroud or a ghost, which must not be confused with
Uranian animals. Their colour evokes
383:, "no-one ever knew where it took them and, in fact, no-one has ever wanted to know." The last child to have ridden the horse is said to have freed all the others by screaming "Jesus,
262:
is given to a mythical horse, the terror of children, thanks to which they remain under their parents’ wing a bit and which prevents the negligence of mothers. It is said that when
598:. He cites the Guernesey horse, the Albret horse, and the personification of the sea in the shape of a mare in Brittany: most of these “fairy-horses” end up drowning their riders.
963:
Le guide de la France mythologique: parcours touristiques et culturels dans la France des elfes, des fées, des mythes et des légendes : Société de mythologie française
675:, a mythical horse with an extensible rump is known to take a great number of children on its back and carry them away forever. There exists a variant with a donkey in
651:
reports that a steed carrying three riders and possessing the ability to lengthen its rump is a Cheval Mallet, a form of the Devil which can only be fought by making a
926:"Les dossiers de l'Histoire mystérieuse" (hors série no 2 : Citées Englouties de 14 000 av. J.-C. au seuil de l'an 2000). Carbonel Éditeur Imprimeur Sa. 1988.
638:
is its rump that can be lengthened to allow a great number of children to ride it. It is found in other fairy-horses like Bayard and the blanque jument of the
297:
Mythical horse that the inhabitants of Aigues-Mortes in the
Languedoc region use to scare off their children. It is like the Parisians’ croque-mitaine, or the
376:
by evoking a "mysterious faraway kingdom", or an enchanted land where the children subject to the cruelty of Man can live forever with their horse friend.
698:
142:, an evil creature that can assume the shape of a horse. The image of this ghastly horse is a symbol of death. It is used to scare children, like the
827:
804:
783:
1402:
1371:
1323:
1292:
1263:
1232:
1172:
1025:
993:
851:
766:
732:
1190:
The kappa legend. A Comparative
Ethnological Study on the Japanese Water-Spirit Kappa and Its Habit of Trying to Lure Horses into the Water
473:, it could have symbolised the courage of the horse when it comes to work, for it "does not care about the work charge. It does its duty.”
836:] (in French). Vol. 48–49 de Encyclopédie théologique ou série de dictionnaires sur toutes les parties de la science religieuse.
1423:
214:
967:
Guide to mythological France: cultural and touristic tours in the France of elves, fairies, myths and legends: French mythology society
348:, producing a melodious sound with his hooves. As it proceeds, children wake up and leave their houses without a sound. As it passes,
523:
Japanese folklorists looked at the existing connections between the horse and water creatures to explain the
Japanese figure of the
1221:
Quand les démons enlevaient les enfants : les changelins : étude d'une figure mythique : Traditions & croyances
1167:] (in French). Vol. 25 (Dans l'eau, sous l'eau : le monde aquatique au Moyen Âge). Paris: Presses Paris Sorbonne.
1388:
752:
1249:
720:
Lou Tresor dóu felibrige ou
Dictionnaire provençal-français : embrassant les divers dialectes de la langue d'oc moderne
321:
Collin de Plancy's written version of the story is copied in 19th century books and magazines specialising in folklore (the
400:
247:
150:
in other regions of France. It is part of an abundant folklore of evil kidnapper horses, which are often linked to water.
1428:
485:
are not known, but this fantastic horse seems to be one of the many versions of the drac of
Occitania, that is to say a
594:
1158:
725:
Lou Tresor dóu felibrige or Provençal-French
Dictionary: embracing the various dialects of the modern langue d'oc
582:
575:
644:
495:
345:
853:
Encyclopédie théologique : ou, Série de dictionnaires sur toutes les parties de la science religieuse…
251:
589:
543:
cites a great number of "evil horses, accomplices of swirling waters", mainly in French-German folklore:
219:
159:
931:
880:
554:
489:
linked to water and its dangers that often assumes the appearance of a donkey or a horse and evokes the
384:
1251:
Le nain et le chevalier : Essai sur les nains français du Moyen Âge : Traditions et croyances
504:
234:
has been transmitted orally for a long time, however the date of its first appearance remains unknown.
1225:
When demons used to take children: changelings: study of a mythological figure: traditions and beliefs
648:
1309:
548:
528:
470:
365:
982:
Dictionnaire des fées et du peuple invisible dans l'Occident païen : Petits dictionnaires bleus
668:
544:
458:
829:
Dictionnaire des sciences occultes… ou Répertoire universel des êtres, des personnages, des livres…
727:] (in French) (3rd ed.). Marcel Petit, Raphèle-les Arles: Provençal and Southern Culture.
332:, published in 1965, says that children at the time were still being threatened with the coming of
58:
586:
535:, by a ritual transformation of the sacrifice of the horse in the liquid element. As early as the
1201:
615:
465:
is specific to the folklore of the town of Aigues-Mortes, where "into marshes flows the terrible
286:
618:, herald of death. According to later versions of the legend, the "lunar" colour white that the
352:
gathers the lost children on its back one after the other and takes them away to the marshes of
499:
describes the drac as a "beautiful white horse that takes travellers away to drown them in the
1438:
1433:
1398:
1367:
1319:
1288:
1259:
1228:
1168:
1021:
989:
762:
728:
652:
571:
563:
369:
858:
Theological encyclopedia: or, series of dictionaries on all parts of the religious science...
1193:
1094:
524:
302:
106:
278:(1844, 1845 and 1846), which contain revisions compared to the first edition, also mention
986:
Dictionary of fairies and the invisible people in the pagan West: little blue dictionaries
944:
893:
405:
361:
126:
718:
676:
688:
532:
1417:
639:
623:
536:
420:
223:
118:
62:
1311:
Les survivances et l'environnement mythologiques dans le département des Deux-Sèvres
388:
147:
26:
1256:
The dwarf and the night: essay on medieval French dwarves: traditions and beliefs
567:
353:
183:
531:
underlines how old this association is, which could be explained, according to
558:
373:
364:
talks of dangerous quicksand and swamps where the children drown, others like
871:
Société des traditions populaires (1907). "Revue des traditions populaires".
412:
seems to have a back and rump of ordinary size but is able to elongate them.
448:, assuming the shape of a red donkey, on its way to drown careless children.
306:
179:
139:
834:
Infernal Dictionary... or a universal index of beings, characters, books...
570:, the links between lutins and fantastic horses are very close for, in the
344:
is described as a ghastly big white horse that wanders at night around the
33:
Representation of Lou Drapé outside the walls of Aigues-Mortes at nightfall
1395:
Traditions, legends and witchcraft from the Mediterranean to the Cévennes
672:
466:
191:
143:
1205:
508:
198:, which could explain the connection –and confusion– between the forms
25:
1227:] (in French). Paris: Presses de l'Université de Paris-Sorbonne.
693:
512:
445:
195:
134:
1316:
Mythological survivals and environment in the Deux-Sèvres department
1197:
1390:
Traditions, légendes et sorcellerie de la Méditerranée aux Cévennes
1192:. Folklore Studies. Vol. 9. Nanzan University. pp. i–11.
1043:
La lettre de la Société d'Histoire et d'Archéologie d'Aigues-Mortes
611:
500:
490:
486:
439:
213:
175:
785:
Dictionnaire infernal, ou Recherches et anecdotes sur les démons
298:
122:
440:
578:
take the form of an animal, it most often is that of a horse.
202:. However, there exists no direct source to explain the name "
117:
meaning "the") is a legendary folkloric horse of the town of
1078:
Belmont, Nicole (1974). "Comment on fait peur aux enfants".
226:
as they were in the 19th century, at the time of the legend.
1285:
The great encyclopedia of fairies and other small creatures
1281:
La grande encyclopédie des fées et autres petites créatures
585:
play a similar role in relation to water, as mentioned by
539:, water genies have been connected to equine beasts. The
790:
Infernal Dictionary, or Research and anecdotes on demons
1146:] (in French). Paris: G. P. Maisonneuve et Larose.
381:
Société d’Histoire et d’Archéologie d’Aigues-Mortes
293:, a catholic book co-written with Collin de Plancy:
86:
78:
68:
54:
46:
38:
1258:] (in French). Paris: Presses Paris Sorbonne.
574:as well as in the more modern folklore, when the
391:!!" and jumping to the ground, which would cause
1397:] (in French). Romagnat: Éditions De Borée.
1114:
1112:
1110:
1360:Jean-François Bladé, Les contes du vieux Cazaux
1347:]. Regard de l'histoire (in French). Payot.
425:
295:
256:
956:
954:
751:Collin de Plancy, Jacques Albin Simon (1993).
614:, like the white steed of the horseman of the
1140:Histoire et géographie mythiques de la France
1054:
1052:
1020:] (in French). Paris: Le pré aux clercs.
1007:
1005:
431:The one lou Drapé will take away will be you!
360:is different depending on the author. Whilst
8:
1364:Jean-François Bladé, Tales of the old Cazaux
1067:] (in French). Aux bureaux de l'Artiste.
746:
744:
317:Mentions in the 20th and 21st centuries
289:provides some additional information in his
19:
1119:Chevalier, Jean; Gheerbrant, Alain (1982).
845:
843:
622:shares with other evil horses –such as the
356:. The destination of the children taken by
699:The Adventures of Ghosthorse and Stillborn
1096:Occitanie : légendes, contes, récits
1018:The Little Encyclopedia of the marvellous
717:Mistral, Frédéric; Ronjat, Jules (1979).
469:", known for its devastating floods. For
230:Like any piece of folklore, the story of
182:region. Furthermore, he explains that in
1144:Mythical history and geography of France
626:– would be the colour of cursed horses.
915:]. Guides noirs (in French). Tchou.
709:
372:make a connection with the famous film
988:] (in French). Turnhout: Brepols.
940:
929:
889:
878:
634:One of the typical characteristics of
423:sung by the children of Aigues-Mortes:
338:Les dossiers de l’Histoire mystérieuse
250:in his book on demonic creatures, the
18:
1014:La Petite Encyclopédie du merveilleux
761:] (in French). Genève: Slatkine.
401:La Petite Encyclopédie du merveilleux
7:
1160:Cultures et civilisations médiévales
419:tells of the existence of a popular
248:Jacques-Albin-Simon Collin de Plancy
194:, potentially a ghost "draped" in a
132:Lou Drapé could be a version of the
1287:] (in French). Paris: Hoëbeke.
1165:Medieval cultures and civilisations
1101:Occitania: legends, tales, stories
1065:A master "image-maker": E. Frémiet
826:Collin de Plancy, Jacques (1846).
803:Collin de Plancy, Jacques (1845).
782:Collin de Plancy, Jacques (1844).
246:" is mentioned in an 1818 text by
222:representing the queens' gates of
14:
1080:Topique, E.P.I, revue freudienne
913:Guide to the mysterious Provence
909:Guide de la Provence mystérieuse
330:Guide de la Provence mystérieuse
186:(fairly close to Aigues-Mortes)
860:] (in French) (3 ed.).
595:La Grande Encyclopédie des fées
519:The water and the little people
417:Société de mythologie française
323:Revue des traditions populaires
663:Legends very close to that of
1:
1318:] (in French). Brissaud.
1061:Un maître imagier: E. Frémiet
671:, three kilometres away from
170:is the name given to a small
1366:] (in French). Fédérop.
1219:Doulet, Jean-Michel (2002).
850:Migne, Jacques-Paul (1856).
507:speaks of the valley of the
336:. In the 1988 esoteric work
238:Mentions in the 19th century
1339:Dontenville, Henri (1973).
1138:Dontenville, Henri (1973).
1041:"La légende de LOU DRAPE".
583:horses from French folklore
258:In Aigues-Mortes, the name
1455:
1424:French legendary creatures
1387:Bessière, Richard (2004).
1358:Lafforgue, Pierre (1995).
274:The later editions of the
190:can be used to describe a
1188:Eiichiro, Ishida (1950).
1157:Shinoda, Chiwaki (2002).
1121:Dictionnaire des symboles
1059:de Biez, Jacques (1896).
980:Rager, Catherine (2003).
969:] (in French). Payot.
961:Sergent, Bernard (2007).
655:and refusing to ride it.
608:Dictionnaire des symboles
541:Dictionnaire des symboles
496:Dictionnaire des symboles
481:The exact origins of the
404:that just like the horse
154:Etymology and terminology
105:in the classical norm of
24:
1248:Martineau, Anne (2003).
1093:Bellugou, Henri (1978).
1012:Brasey, Édouard (2008).
557:notices in his study of
427:Who will ride lou Drapé?
311:Encyclopédie théologique
291:Encyclopédie théologique
1279:Dubois, Pierre (1996).
398:Édouard Brasey adds in
939:Cite journal requires
888:Cite journal requires
449:
433:
346:walls of Aigues-Mortes
314:
272:
227:
30:
16:French folkloric horse
1308:Pillard, Guy (1978).
1125:Dictionary of symbols
907:Alleau, René (1965).
754:Dictionnaire infernal
477:A version of the drac
452:The particularity of
443:
276:Dictionnaire infernal
269:Dictionnaire infernal
252:Dictionnaire infernal
217:
29:
1341:Mythologie française
630:The lengthening rump
436:Origin and symbolism
1429:Horses in mythology
759:Infernal dictionary
645:Jean-François Bladé
602:The lunar whiteness
21:
1127:] (in French).
1103:] (in French).
815:] (in French).
792:] (in French).
555:Jean-Michel Doulet
450:
287:Jacques-Paul Migne
228:
31:
1404:978-2-84494-220-3
1373:978-2-85792-091-5
1325:978-2-902170-16-6
1294:978-2-84230-326-6
1265:978-2-84050-274-6
1234:978-2-84050-236-4
1174:978-2-84050-216-6
1027:978-2-84228-321-6
995:978-2-503-51105-4
768:978-2-05-101277-5
734:978-84-499-0563-6
653:sign of the cross
572:chansons de geste
505:Henri Dontenville
379:According to the
282:in the same way.
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551:, and the drac.
303:Charles Perrault
220:Frédéric Bazille
160:Frédéric Mistral
55:Similar entities
42:Popular folklore
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547:, Bian cheval,
529:Chiwaki Shinoda
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471:Jacques de Biez
461:. Furthermore,
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366:Catherine Rager
362:Bernard Sergent
325:for instance).
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127:Petite Camargue
125:region, in the
82:Petite Camargue
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667:exist. At the
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545:blanque jument
533:Kunio Yanagita
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459:Nicole Belmont
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395:to disappear.
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629:
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621:
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584:
579:
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69:Other name(s)
67:
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63:Cheval Gauvin
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37:
28:
23:
1394:
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677:Mas-Cabardès
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47:Sub grouping
581:Many other
568:Middle Ages
559:changelings
503:", whereas
354:Grau-du-Roi
184:Montpellier
1418:Categories
1045:(3). 2010.
813:spirits...
705:References
616:Apocalypse
429:You or me?
374:White Mane
174:, a small
138:legend of
665:lou Drapé
636:lou Drapé
463:lou Drapé
454:lou Drapé
410:lou Drapé
393:lou Drapé
358:lou Drapé
350:lou Drapé
342:lou Drapé
334:lou Drapé
307:Tom Thumb
285:In 1856,
280:lou Drapé
264:lou Drapé
260:lou Drapé
244:Lou Drapé
232:Lou Drapé
204:lou Drapé
180:Languedoc
140:Occitania
103:lo drapet
98:Lou Drapé
73:lo drapet
20:Lou Drapé
1439:Bogeymen
1434:Camargue
683:See also
673:Narbonne
467:Vidourle
387:, great
192:revenant
144:bogeyman
39:Grouping
1206:1177401
566:in the
564:dwarves
511:in the
509:Alagnon
178:in the
168:draquet
146:or the
121:in the
107:Occitan
87:Habitat
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493:. The
406:Bayard
210:Legend
196:shroud
188:drapet
164:drapet
90:Swamps
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501:Doubs
491:Devil
487:demon
483:Drapé
176:lutin
50:Horse
1399:ISBN
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945:help
894:help
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729:ISBN
606:The
446:drac
444:The
415:The
385:Mary
368:and
328:The
299:ogre
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301:in
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