390:" that leave linear "racetrack" imprints as they slowly move across the surface without human or animal intervention. These rocks have been recently filmed in motion by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego and are due to a perfect coincidence of events. First, the playa has to fill with water, which must be deep enough to form floating ice during winter, but still shallow enough that the rocks are exposed. When the temperature drops at night, this pond freezes into thin sheets of "windowpane" ice, which then must be thick enough to maintain strength, but thin enough to move freely. Finally, when the sun comes out, the ice melts and cracks into floating panels; these are blown across the playa by light winds, propelling the rocks in front of them. The stones only move once every two or three years and most tracks last for three or four years.
300:
620:
149:
703:
318:
418:
676:
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332:
lake. Salts originally dissolved in the water precipitate out and are left behind, gradually building up over time. A dry lake appears as a flat bed of clay, generally encrusted with precipitated salts. These evaporite minerals are a concentration of weathering products such as sodium carbonate, borax, and other salts. In deserts, a dry lake may be found in an area ringed by
38:
331:
A dry lake is formed when water from rain or other sources, like intersection with a water table, flows into a dry depression in the landscape, creating a pond or lake. If the total annual evaporation rate exceeds the total annual inflow, the depression will eventually become dry again, forming a dry
457:
was found in 2006. Although a large predatory species, it evaded detection because of the murkiness of the playa's water caused by winds and a fine clay load. This shrimp species is able to regenerate using tiny undetectable cysts that can remain in a dry lake bed for years until conditions are
607:
Fangfang Yao et al (2023), at the
University of Virginia reported that more than half of the world's large lakes are drying up. They assessed almost 2,000 large lakes using satellite measurements combined with climate and hydrological models. They found that unsustainable human use, changes in
366:
Many dry lakes contain shallow water during the rainy season, especially during wet years. If the layer of water is thin and is moved around the dry lake bed by wind, an exceedingly hard and smooth surface may develop. Thicker layers of water may result in a "cracked-mud" surface and
990:
A temporary lake created in the lowest elevation of a basin in an arid area that has no surface drain into another water body, such as a perennial stream or river. Lake water is removed either by evaporation into the air or seepage into the
524:, as the smoothness of the surface allows low-clearance vehicles to travel very fast without any risk of disruption by surface irregularities, and the path traveled has no obstacles to avoid. The dry lake beds at
96:
that formerly contained a standing surface water body, which disappears when evaporation processes exceed recharge. If the floor of a dry lake is covered by deposits of alkaline compounds, it is known as an
619:
494:, also poses a significant threat to playas and their associated rare species, as it capable of crowding out native vegetation and draining a playa's standing water because of its root growth.
935:
548:
have also been used for various land speed record attempts. Dry lake beds that rarely fill with water are sometimes used as locations for air bases for similar reasons. Examples include
520:
The extremely flat, smooth, and hard surfaces of dry lake beds make them ideal for fast motor vehicles and motorcycles. Large-sized dry lakes are excellent spots for pursuing
917:
1157:
635:
608:
rainfall and run-off, sedimentation, and rising temperatures have driven lake levels down globally, with 53% of lakes showing a decline from 1992 to 2020.
1080:
661:
942:
180:) literally means "beach". Dry lakes are known by this name in some parts of Mexico and the western United States. This term is used e.g. on the
453:
there are a number of rare species that occur nowhere else but in the inhospitable environment of seasonally flooded playas. A new species of
772:
1003:
Yao, Fangfang; Livneh, Ben; Rajagopalan, Balaji; Wang, Jida; Crétaux, Jean-François; Wada, Yoshihide; Berge-Nguyen, Muriel (2023-05-19).
1150:
675:
299:
967:
1783:
1143:
586:
343:
to arid regions of the world. The largest concentration of dry lakes (nearly 22,000) is in the southern High Plains of
317:
185:
148:
1778:
1276:
626:
968:"CRS Report for Congress: Agriculture: A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition - Order Code 97-905"
857:
31:
1773:
383:
760:
643:
557:
549:
417:
429:
141:
is the dry terminus of an internally drained basin in a dry climate, a designation typically used in the
1179:
911:
525:
462:
423:
1746:
1582:
1016:
811:
716:
473:
Far from major rivers or lakes, playas are often the only water available to wildlife in the desert.
93:
800:"Sliding Rocks on Racetrack Playa, Death Valley National Park: First Observation of Rocks in Motion"
1768:
1471:
1304:
783:
480:
Threats to dry lakes include pollution from concentrated animal feeding operations such as cattle
1058:
506:
454:
333:
121:
103:
798:
Norris, Richard D.; Norris, James M.; Lorenz, Ralph D.; Ray, Jib; Jackson, Brian (2014-08-27).
1666:
1622:
1572:
1481:
1446:
1108:
Briere, Peter R. (May 2002). "Playa, playa lake, sabkha: Proposed definitions for old terms".
1050:
1042:
839:
768:
601:
529:
521:
421:
Playa in southwest Idaho, home to a number of rare species that occur nowhere else including
1701:
1597:
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1117:
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897:
829:
819:
571:
510:
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and dairies. Results are erosion; fertilizer, pesticide and sediment runoff from farms; and
368:
176:
66:
398:
While a dry lake bed is itself typically devoid of vegetation, they are commonly ringed by
1671:
1592:
1577:
1531:
1511:
1198:
651:
567:
545:
379:
325:
153:
886:"A New Giant Species of Predatory Fairy Shrimp from Idaho, USA (Branchiopoda: Anostraca)"
1020:
974:
815:
1516:
1213:
834:
799:
590:
467:
387:
363:, the largest salt flat in the world, comprises 4,085 square miles (10,582 square km).
352:
305:
181:
1004:
1762:
1602:
1436:
1076:
1062:
740:
541:
321:
230:
226:
466:
is another rare species, a perennial plant whose habitat is restricted to playas in
1587:
1284:
708:
502:
434:
280:
197:
45:
824:
1366:
1361:
1324:
597:
485:
142:
488:. A non-native shrub that has been used for rangeland restoration in the west,
1567:
1486:
1314:
735:
698:
682:
348:
41:
1135:
1046:
1721:
1612:
1562:
1521:
1431:
1388:
1251:
1230:
1028:
647:
537:
411:
407:
403:
399:
241:
221:
is the term used in most of South Africa. These may include the small round
189:
134:
17:
1121:
1054:
843:
360:
37:
1681:
1645:
1526:
1406:
1208:
1170:
474:
222:
1037:
765:
Australian landforms: understanding a low, flat, arid and old landscape.
1607:
1547:
1501:
1491:
1426:
1336:
1220:
726:
686:
582:
575:
553:
481:
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and other salt-tolerant plants that provide critical winter fodder for
356:
309:
157:
1081:"More than half of the world's large lakes are drying up, study finds"
1731:
1716:
1711:
1676:
1650:
1630:
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1506:
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1411:
1383:
1373:
1351:
1294:
1266:
1261:
1235:
902:
885:
533:
446:
253:
193:
279:). In Central Asia, a similar "cracked mud" salt flat is known as a
1005:"Satellites reveal widespread decline in global lake water storage"
585:
and may be eligible to enroll in the new wetlands component of the
581:
Under United States law, a "playa lake" may be considered isolated
1706:
1696:
1686:
1557:
1476:
1456:
1421:
1416:
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1341:
1331:
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147:
36:
1726:
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1319:
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1203:
721:
668:
A closeup photograph of salt growths on the crust of a dry lake.
450:
372:
340:
284:
116:
49:
1139:
1691:
1461:
858:"Ice rafts not sails: Floating the rocks at Racetrack Playa"
477:
and other wildlife gather there after rainstorms to drink.
84:
78:
884:
Rogers, D. Christopher; Quinney, Weaver, Olesen (2006).
731:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
729: – Wetland system unique to the American Southwest
203:
In South
America, the usual term for a dry lake bed is
570:
for valuable minerals in solution. See, for example,
371:
desiccation features. If there is very little water,
536:
have both been used for setting land speed records.
75:
72:
1659:
1621:
1540:
1445:
1397:
1275:
1244:
1186:
560:(known initially as Muroc Dry Lake) in California.
69:
27:Area that contained a standing surface water body
767:Rosenberg Publishing. Pp. 227, 235, 237, 239.
763:& Campbell, E.M. (2005, revised edition):
1151:
386:, features a geological phenomenon known as "
8:
916:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
600:yearly event takes place in a playa in the
566:from the subsurface of dry lakes are often
1158:
1144:
1136:
929:
927:
1036:
901:
833:
823:
753:
615:
339:Dry lakes are typically formed in semi-
101:If covered with salt, it is known as a
909:
1130:Southern Africa: a geographical study
509:chemical plant processes brines from
351:. Most dry lakes are small. However,
175:
7:
251:In Arabic, a salt flat is called a
229:area, to the extensive pans of the
119:, then a dry lake bed is called a
25:
163:Another term for dry lake bed is
133:(the latter being a remnant of a
743: – Salt content in the soil
701:
674:
660:
634:
618:
236:Terms used in Australia include
188:and is commonly used to address
184:and other parts of the Southern
65:
312:, the world's largest salt flat
604:in western Nevada every year.
433:- a recently discovered giant
145:of the western United States.
1:
936:"Sensitive Plants of the JRA"
890:Journal of Crustacean Biology
1110:Journal of Arid Environments
825:10.1371/journal.pone.0105948
587:Conservation Reserve Program
1132:, Chapter 16 LAKES AND PANS
941:. Idaho BLM. Archived from
593:(P.L. 107–171, Sec. 2101).
1800:
1744:
642:The dry lake and shore of
627:Death Valley National Park
244:minerals are present) and
115:If its basin is primarily
29:
1740:
1177:
513:to make such products as
427:(Davis' peppergrass) and
32:Dry Lake (disambiguation)
384:Death Valley, California
1029:10.1126/science.abo2812
787:Encyclopædia Britannica
629:, western United States
625:Devil's Golf Course in
1122:10.1006/jare.2000.0633
558:Edwards Air Force Base
517:
458:optimum for hatching.
438:
328:
314:
287:salt flats are called
160:
52:
526:Bonneville Salt Flats
505:
470:and northern Nevada.
420:
320:
302:
225:pans, typical of the
151:
40:
1784:Lacustrine landforms
1747:Geographical feature
1583:Volcanic crater lake
1128:John H. Wellington,
1116:(1). Elsevier: 1–7.
717:List of drying lakes
30:For other uses, see
1021:2023Sci...380..743Y
816:2014PLoSO...9j5948N
430:Branchinecta raptor
304:Salt harvesting in
167:. The Spanish word
980:on August 10, 2011
522:land speed records
518:
507:The Mosaic Company
455:giant fairy shrimp
439:
329:
315:
161:
59:, also known as a
53:
1779:Aeolian landforms
1756:
1755:
1667:Artificial island
1573:Submarine volcano
1482:Continental shelf
1449:coastal landforms
1245:Continental plain
1180:List of landforms
1015:(6646): 743–749.
784:"Uyuni Salt Flat"
602:Black Rock Desert
589:, enacted in the
576:Lithium resources
530:Black Rock Desert
192:sediments in the
92:), is a basin or
16:(Redirected from
1791:
1702:Land reclamation
1598:Volcanic plateau
1160:
1153:
1146:
1137:
1125:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1091:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1040:
1000:
994:
993:
987:
985:
979:
973:. Archived from
972:
964:
958:
957:
955:
953:
947:
940:
934:Hagwood, Sheri.
931:
922:
921:
915:
907:
905:
903:10.1651/C-2509.1
881:
875:
874:
872:
871:
862:
854:
848:
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837:
827:
795:
789:
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775:
758:
732:
711:
706:
705:
704:
678:
664:
638:
622:
572:Searles Dry Lake
511:Searles Dry Lake
491:Kochia prostrata
463:Lepidium davisii
424:Lepidium davisii
369:teepee structure
179:
177:[ˈplaʝa]
174:
91:
90:
87:
86:
81:
80:
77:
74:
71:
21:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1793:
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1790:
1789:
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1774:Endorheic lakes
1759:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1749:
1736:
1672:Artificial reef
1655:
1617:
1593:Volcanic island
1578:Volcanic crater
1536:
1532:Volcanic island
1512:Mid-ocean ridge
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707:
702:
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689:
679:
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669:
665:
656:
655:
652:South Australia
650:desert lake in
639:
630:
623:
614:
546:South Australia
500:
396:
380:Racetrack Playa
326:Racetrack Playa
313:
297:
172:
154:Chott el Djerid
113:
83:
68:
64:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1555:
1550:
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1524:
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1517:Oceanic trench
1514:
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1162:
1155:
1148:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1126:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1079:(2023-05-19).
1077:Dickie, Gloria
1068:
995:
959:
923:
876:
849:
810:(8): e105948.
790:
776:
752:
751:
749:
746:
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738:
733:
724:
719:
713:
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696:
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681:
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673:
671:
667:
666:
659:
657:
641:
640:
633:
631:
624:
617:
613:
610:
591:2002 farm bill
556:in Nevada and
499:
496:
468:southern Idaho
395:
392:
388:sailing stones
353:Salar de Uyuni
306:Salar de Uyuni
303:
296:
293:
257:(also spelled
211:, Spanish for
182:Llano Estacado
112:
109:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1796:
1785:
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1764:
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1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
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1708:
1705:
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1698:
1695:
1693:
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1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1652:
1649:
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1644:
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1639:
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1634:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1603:Volcanic plug
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
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1483:
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1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1437:Tunnel valley
1435:
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1425:
1423:
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1298:
1296:
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1278:
1274:
1268:
1265:
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1260:
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1255:
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1234:
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1229:
1227:
1224:
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1219:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1161:
1156:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1072:
1069:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
999:
996:
992:
976:
969:
963:
960:
948:on 3 May 2014
944:
937:
930:
928:
924:
919:
913:
904:
899:
895:
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866:
859:
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850:
845:
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836:
831:
826:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
794:
791:
788:
785:
780:
777:
774:
773:1 877058 32 7
770:
766:
762:
761:Twidale, C.R.
757:
754:
747:
742:
741:Soil salinity
739:
737:
734:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
714:
710:
699:
694:
688:
684:
677:
672:
663:
658:
653:
649:
645:
637:
632:
628:
621:
616:
611:
609:
605:
603:
599:
594:
592:
588:
584:
579:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
542:Lake Gairdner
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
516:
512:
508:
504:
497:
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493:
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1129:
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1109:
1102:Bibliography
1088:. Retrieved
1084:
1071:
1038:10754/691878
1012:
1008:
998:
989:
984:November 30,
982:. Retrieved
975:the original
962:
950:. Retrieved
943:the original
912:cite journal
893:
889:
879:
868:. Retrieved
865:Barnesos.net
864:
852:
807:
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793:
786:
779:
764:
756:
709:Lakes portal
685:in northern
606:
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528:in Utah and
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435:fairy shrimp
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198:Lake Ptolemy
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126:
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102:
99:alkali flat.
98:
60:
57:dry lake bed
56:
54:
46:Qom Province
18:Dry lake bed
1447:Oceanic and
1187:Mountainous
896:(1): 1–12.
598:Burning Man
486:overgrazing
186:High Plains
143:Great Basin
111:Terminology
1769:Salt flats
1763:Categories
1745:See also:
1660:Artificial
1568:Lava field
1487:Coral reef
1315:Floodplain
1090:2023-05-20
870:2016-06-24
748:References
736:Salt storm
683:Etosha pan
550:Groom Lake
412:herbivores
410:and other
375:can form.
349:New Mexico
233:province.
173:pronounced
94:depression
42:Namak Lake
1722:Reservoir
1613:Wall rock
1563:Lava dome
1522:Peninsula
1432:Ice field
1389:Waterfall
1252:Ice sheet
1231:Tableland
1171:landforms
1063:258765167
1047:0036-8075
648:endorheic
644:Lake Hart
568:exploited
538:Lake Eyre
498:Human use
408:livestock
404:saltbrush
400:shadscale
295:Formation
246:clay pans
242:evaporite
238:salt pans
190:paleolake
135:salt lake
131:salt flat
104:salt flat
1682:Building
1646:Sandhill
1636:Dry lake
1541:Volcanic
1527:Seamount
1209:Mountain
1055:37200445
844:25162535
804:PLOS ONE
695:See also
583:wetlands
482:feedlots
475:Antelope
223:highveld
213:salt pan
122:salt pan
1623:Aeolian
1608:Volcano
1548:Caldera
1502:Isthmus
1492:Estuary
1472:Channel
1427:Glacier
1399:Glacial
1337:Meander
1305:Channel
1277:Fluvial
1221:Plateau
1085:Reuters
1017:Bibcode
1009:Science
991:ground.
835:4146553
812:Bibcode
727:Cienega
687:Namibia
612:Gallery
554:Area 51
394:Ecology
359:, near
357:Bolivia
334:bajadas
310:Bolivia
259:sabkhah
240:(where
158:Tunisia
139:Hardpan
1732:Tunnel
1717:Quarry
1712:Polder
1677:Bridge
1651:Tundra
1631:Desert
1553:Geyser
1507:Lagoon
1497:Island
1412:Cirque
1384:Valley
1374:Strait
1352:Rapids
1325:island
1295:Canyon
1267:Tundra
1262:Steppe
1236:Valley
1061:
1053:
1045:
842:
832:
771:
564:Brines
534:Nevada
447:Nevada
361:Potosí
267:sebkha
263:subkha
254:sabkha
209:salina
194:Sahara
1707:Levee
1697:Ditch
1687:Canal
1558:Guyot
1477:Coast
1457:Atoll
1422:Fjord
1417:Esker
1407:Arête
1379:Swamp
1367:mouth
1362:delta
1357:River
1342:Oasis
1332:Levee
1310:Cliff
1290:Beach
1257:Plain
1226:Ridge
1214:range
1194:Butte
1167:Earth
1059:S2CID
978:(PDF)
971:(PDF)
952:2 May
946:(PDF)
939:(PDF)
861:(PDF)
646:, an
515:trona
443:Idaho
373:dunes
345:Texas
289:kavir
283:. In
281:takyr
276:chott
271:shott
269:) or
205:salar
196:like
169:playa
165:playa
129:, or
61:playa
1727:Road
1641:Dune
1467:Cape
1347:Pond
1320:Lake
1300:Cave
1204:Hill
1199:Flat
1051:PMID
1043:ISSN
986:2009
954:2014
918:link
840:PMID
769:ISBN
722:Lake
596:The
574:and
540:and
451:Utah
449:and
378:The
341:arid
285:Iran
152:The
117:salt
50:Iran
1692:Dam
1462:Bay
1169:'s
1118:doi
1033:hdl
1025:doi
1013:380
898:doi
830:PMC
820:doi
552:at
544:in
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