498:
765:
attracts a female for mating and raising their young. Once the brood is raised, the birds abandon the hole and do not use it the next year. When abandoned, these holes—made similarly by all woodpeckers—provide good homes in future years for many forest songbirds and a wide variety of other animals. Owls and tree-nesting ducks may largely rely on holes made by pileateds to lay their nests. Even mammals such as raccoons may use them. Other woodpeckers and smaller birds, such as wrens, may be attracted to pileated holes to feed on the insects found in them. Ecologically, the entire woodpecker family is important to the well-being of many other bird species. The pileated woodpecker also nests in boxes about 4.6 m (15 ft) off the ground.
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324:
1076:
129:
120:
1036:
964:
976:
814:
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while feeding on small branches and vines. They may also forage on or near the ground, especially around fallen, dead trees, which can contain a variety of insect life. They may forage around the sides of human homes or even cars, and can be observed feeding at suet-type feeders. Although they are less likely feeder visitors than smaller woodpeckers, pileateds may regularly be attracted to them in areas experiencing harsh winter conditions.
992:
745:
153:
669:, and have a white line down the sides of the throat. Younger specimens tend to have less curved crests, or "mohawks" as some refer to them. They show white on the wings in flight. The flight of these birds is strong and direct, but undulates in the way characteristic of woodpeckers. Adult males have a red line from the bill to the throat; in adult females these are black. Two species found in the
175:
856:, they engage in much chasing, calling, striking with the wings, and jabbing with the bill. Drumming is most common during courtship and to proclaim territory. Hollow trees are often used to make the most resonant sound possible. The pattern is typically a fairly slow, deep rolling that lasts about three seconds.
497:
859:
Pileated woodpeckers have been observed to move to another site if any eggs have fallen out of the nest—a rare habit in birds. The cavity is unlined except for wood chips. Both parents incubate three to five eggs for 12 to 16 days. The average clutch size is four per nest. The young may take a month
760:
berries. Pileated woodpeckers often chip out large and roughly rectangular holes in trees while searching out insects, especially ant colonies. They also lap up ants by reaching with their long tongues into crevices. They are self-assured on the vertical surfaces of large trees, but can seem awkward
659:
Adults are 40 to 49 cm (16 to 19 in) long, span 66 to 75 cm (26 to 30 in) across the wings, and weigh 225 to 400 g (7.9 to 14.1 oz). The average weight of females and males combined is about 277 g (9.8 oz), with males weighing about 300 g (11 oz) and
764:
Usually, pileated woodpeckers excavate their large nests in the cavities of dead trees. Woodpeckers make such large holes in dead trees that the holes can cause a small tree to break in half. The roost of a pileated woodpecker usually has multiple entrance holes. In April, the hole made by the male
924:
The pileated woodpecker occupies an extensive range and is quite adaptable. Its ability to survive in many wooded habitat types has allowed the species to survive human habitation of North
America much better than the more specialized ivory-billed woodpecker. Pileated woodpeckers have a large
664:
measures 21.4 to 25.3 cm (8.4 to 10.0 in), the tail measures 14.0 to 17.4 cm (5.5 to 6.9 in), the bill is 4.1 to 6.0 cm (1.6 to 2.4 in) and the tarsus measures 3.1 to 3.8 cm (1.2 to 1.5 in). The northern subspecies is generally slightly larger than the
1357:
Chesser, R. T., S. M. Billerman, K. J. Burns, C. Cicero, J. L. Dunn, B. E. Hernández-Baños, R. A. Jiménez, A. W. Kratter, N. A. Mason, P. C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, Jr., D. F. Stotz, and K. Winker. 2022. Check-list of North
American Birds (online). American Ornithological Society.
723:
seem to benefit them, as the removal of brush and shrubbery facilitates their foraging on the ground and in the lower stratum. From 1966 to 2015 the population of pileated woodpecker has, on average, increased by greater than 1.5% per year throughout the northeastern U.S.,
929:. While the large birds control many insect populations, especially tree beetles, that may otherwise experience outbreaks; some people may consider them harmful if found on their property due to the considerable damage that pileated woodpeckers can do to trees and homes.
1047:
1709:
1004:
1343:
Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2022. Downloaded from
714:
with large, mature hardwood trees, often being found in large tracts of forest. However, they also inhabit smaller woodlots as long as they have a scattering of tall trees. Efforts to restore woodland by removing invasive
709:
The pileated woodpecker's breeding habitat is forested areas across Canada, the eastern United States, and parts of the
Pacific Coast. This bird favors mature forests and heavily wooded parks. They specifically prefer
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1006:
1005:
1010:
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790:
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A pileated woodpecker pair stays together on its territory all year round and is not migratory. They defend the territory in all seasons, but tolerate floaters during the winter. When clashing with
1008:
823:
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2158:
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1370:
HBW and BirdLife
International (2022) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 7. Available at:
831:
789:
1942:
1536:
United States
Department of Agriculture. Division of Ornithology and Mammalogy. Bulletin No. 7. Government Printing Office. Washington, District of Columbia. p. 32.
1981:
1075:
1007:
475:, which the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has proposed be reclassified as extinct. It is also the third largest species of woodpecker in the world, after the
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2012:
2087:
1893:
1955:
555:
1486:
1201:
1454:
1276:
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2007:
693:
in their respective ranges that the pileated occupies in North
America. The only North American birds of similar plumage and size are the
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2133:
1916:
1603:
1420:
1023:
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578:
1245:
Systema
Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis
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926:
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concurs for the pileated and lineated woodpeckers, the only two of the six that occur in
Central and North America. However,
1960:
517:
which was published between 1729 and 1732. Catesby used the
English name "The larger red-crested Wood-pecker" and the Latin
1672:
1768:
1587:
1818:
1545:
1173:
1035:
197:
1986:
1053:
Damage to a tree by a pileated woodpecker searching for bugs, a cavity roughly 3' tall, 4-6" wide, and 8" deep (90
860:
to fledge. The oldest known pileated woodpecker was 12 years and 11 months old. Predators at the nest can include
1921:
1666:
2148:
1701:
674:
464:
2105:
1797:
471:. It is the largest confirmed extant woodpecker species in North America, with the possible exception of the
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694:
647:
547:
472:
128:
1759:
991:
119:
1721:
1102:
573:
476:
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2033:
1823:
1435:, version 1.0. In Birds of the World (A. F. Poole, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA.
536:
292:
1151:
1810:
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142:
1973:
1629:
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342:
192:
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http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v7_Dec22.zip
1947:
1908:
2020:
1841:
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1416:
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559:
1508:
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1248:(in Latin). Vol. 1 (10th ed.). Holmiae (Stockholm): Laurentii Salvii. p. 113.
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619:, southern Canada south through the western, north-central and northeastern United States
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323:
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70:
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and wood-boring beetle larvae. They also eat fruits, nuts, and berries, including
17:
2078:
1885:
1833:
1654:
830:
788:
1968:
1929:
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by Hans
Winkler, David A. Christie & David Nurney. Houghton Mifflin (1995),
1388:
1178:
733:
716:
460:
452:
45:
1301:. Vol. 6. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 154.
884:. Free-flying adults have fewer predators, but can be taken in some numbers by
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598:
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90:
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95:
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population size, and despite being nonmigratory, are protected under the
881:
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85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
2100:
2092:
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females weighing about 256 g (9.0 oz) in mean body mass. The
100:
75:
483:. "Pileated" refers to the bird's prominent red crest, from the Latin
1934:
1792:
869:
219:
1715:
1487:"More Pileated Woodpeckers: Emerald Ash Borer or Healthier Habitat?"
1413:
Woodpeckers: An Identification Guide to the Woodpeckers of the World
1872:
1859:
1228:. Vol. 1. London: W. Innys and R. Manby. p. 17, Plate 17.
1854:
743:
640:
496:
1359:
239:
1719:
1225:
The Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands
515:
The Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands
1691:
Pileated woodpecker sound at Florida Museum of Natural History
513:
described and illustrated the pileated woodpecker in his book
948:
on the pileated woodpecker; while patterning the call on the
554:. The pileated woodpecker is now one of six species that the
812:
770:
697:
of the southeastern United States and Cuba, and the related
1317:
Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P., eds. (January 2023).
665:
southern. Pileated woodpeckers are mainly black with a red
403:
397:
394:
388:
1673:
Dryocopus pileatus- University of Michigan Species Account
1346:
https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
944:
is believed to have based the appearance of his creation
418:
582:(HBW) places the pileated and several others in genus
568:. The North American Classification Committee of the
430:
752:
Pileated woodpeckers mainly eat insects, especially
421:
415:
406:
400:
391:
385:
2062:
1728:
412:
382:
535:, he included the pileated woodpecker, coined the
1152:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22681363A92903232.en
542:and cited Catesby's book. The specific epithet
1534:Preliminary report on the food of Woodpeckers.
1686:Pileated woodpecker stamps at bird-stamps.org
8:
1263:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
655:, depicting pileated woodpeckers (1 ♀, 3 ♂♂)
1630:"Woody The Acorn (Not Pileated) Woodpecker"
689:), are closely related and occupy the same
484:
2159:Birds of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
1716:
1408:
1406:
322:
173:
151:
127:
118:
31:
2174:Extant Late Pleistocene first appearances
1657:. American Bird Conservancy. 29 May 2020.
1312:
1310:
1308:
1150:
1509:"Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus"
1433:Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus)
590:was introduced by the German naturalist
1119:
959:
824:display drum (a short burst of 10 taps)
546:is a Latin word meaning "-capped". The
1922:pileated-woodpecker-dryocopus-pileatus
1431:Bull, E. L. and J. A. Jackson (2020).
1029:Female chicks peeking from nest cavity
842:
800:
556:International Ornithological Committee
521:. When in 1758 the Swedish naturalist
459:forests in eastern North America, the
1468:
1466:
7:
2106:C72A10D9-689F-4D99-B2AC-D4F3EEE7E528
1267:. London: Christopher Helm. p.
1017:Male pileated woodpecker eating suet
2129:IUCN Red List least concern species
1667:Pileated Woodpecker Species Account
1138:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
501:Southern Pileated Woodpecker after
1563:Big Woods Conservation Partnership
1445:Dunning, John B. Jr., ed. (2008).
579:Handbook of the Birds of the World
25:
1710:Pileated woodpecker photo gallery
1513:Patuxent Wildlife Research Center
1447:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses
1548:, Canadian Biodiversity Web Site
1298:Check-List of Birds of the World
1074:
1046:
1034:
1022:
1002:
990:
974:
962:
843:Problems playing this file? See
828:
801:Problems playing this file? See
786:
632:, the southeastern United States
519:Picus niger maximus capite rubro
378:
196:
1127:BirdLife International (2016).
570:American Ornithological Society
136:Male (top) and female (bottom)
1360:https://checklist.aou.org/taxa
1:
1485:Garcia, Evan (7 April 2016).
331:Approximate distribution map
1712:at VIREO (Drexel University)
1669:– Cornell Lab of Ornithology
630:southern pileated woodpecker
617:northern pileated woodpecker
451:native to North America. An
2169:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1697:"Pileated woodpecker media"
1449:(2nd ed.). CRC Press.
1374:retrieved December 13, 2022
1348:retrieved November 10, 2022
1081:Female, Glastonbury, CT USA
447:) is a large, mostly black
2190:
2154:Birds of the United States
2134:NatureServe secure species
1565:. Cornell University. 2018
1259:Jobling, James A. (2010).
969:Male on a platform feeder
348:
341:
330:
321:
298:
291:
193:Scientific classification
191:
171:
149:
140:
135:
126:
117:
34:
1702:Internet Bird Collection
1515:. U.S. Geological Survey
1145:: e.T22681363A92903232.
705:Distribution and habitat
675:white-bellied woodpecker
465:boreal forests of Canada
41:Late Pleistocene–present
2164:Birds described in 1758
1093:Ivory-billed woodpecker
927:U.S. Migratory Bird Act
695:ivory-billed woodpecker
509:The English naturalist
473:ivory-billed woodpecker
2144:Birds of North America
1586:, Talk about Wildlife
1103:Great slaty woodpecker
817:
775:
749:
748:Male drilling for food
656:
574:BirdLife International
506:
485:
477:great slaty woodpecker
2034:Paleobiology Database
1655:"Pileated Woodpecker"
1604:"Pileated Woodpecker"
1590:July 6, 2011, at the
1559:"Pileated Woodpecker"
1202:"Pileated woodpecker"
816:
774:
747:
644:
500:
1174:"Dryocopus pileatus"
894:red-shouldered hawks
740:Behavior and ecology
2013:pileated-woodpecker
1909:pileated-woodpecker
1584:Pileated Woodpecker
1546:Pileated Woodpecker
1532:Beal, F.E. (1895).
1473:Pileated Woodpecker
1323:IOC World Bird List
1108:Imperial woodpecker
981:Adult female at an
936:Cultural references
699:imperial woodpecker
467:, and parts of the
374:pileated woodpecker
363:Linnaeus, 1758
355:Linnaeus, 1758
143:Conservation status
35:Pileated woodpecker
2052:Dryocopus-pileatus
1798:dryocopus-pileatus
1785:Dryocopus_pileatus
1760:Dryocopus pileatus
1730:Dryocopus pileatus
1389:"Generalübersicht"
1208:on March 12, 2018.
1131:Hylatomus pileatus
818:
776:
750:
657:
653:John James Audubon
507:
489:meaning "capped".
444:Dryocopus pileatus
360:Hylatomus pileatus
302:Dryocopus pileatus
18:Dryocopus pileatus
2116:
2115:
2021:Open Tree of Life
1722:Taxon identifiers
1489:. Chicago Tonight
1456:978-1-4200-6444-5
1293:Peters, James Lee
1278:978-1-4081-2501-4
1012:
902:great horned owls
890:northern goshawks
833:
791:
732:, and around the
730:Ohio River Valley
683:black woodpeckers
560:Clements taxonomy
370:
369:
186:
166:
16:(Redirected from
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1610:on July 17, 2012
1606:. Archived from
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1204:. Archived from
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1192:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1170:
1164:
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1124:
1098:Black woodpecker
1078:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1038:
1026:
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994:
978:
966:
950:acorn woodpecker
946:Woody Woodpecker
898:red-tailed hawks
835:
834:
815:
793:
792:
773:
691:ecological niche
648:Birds of America
645:Plate 111 of the
627:
626:(Linnaeus, 1758)
614:
606:D. p. abieticola
601:are recognized:
488:
481:black woodpecker
437:
433:
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336: Year-round
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284:D. pileatus
201:
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42:
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
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2149:Birds of Canada
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1995:Observation.org
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562:place in genus
528:Systema Naturae
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27:Species of bird
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2064:Picus pileatus
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1680:External links
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1675:by Diana Young
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1421:978-0395720431
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1295:, ed. (1948).
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623:D. p. pileatus
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1649:
1638:. Retrieved
1633:
1624:
1612:. Retrieved
1608:the original
1598:
1579:
1567:. Retrieved
1562:
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1541:
1533:
1528:
1517:. Retrieved
1512:
1503:
1491:. Retrieved
1480:
1446:
1440:
1432:
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1412:
1396:
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1366:
1353:
1339:
1327:. Retrieved
1322:
1297:
1287:
1262:
1254:
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1234:
1224:
1214:
1206:the original
1196:
1184:. Retrieved
1177:
1168:
1156:. Retrieved
1142:
1136:
1130:
1122:
942:Walter Lantz
939:
931:
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854:conspecifics
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511:Mark Catesby
508:
443:
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373:
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351:
301:
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283:
282:
270:
29:
1969:NatureServe
1930:iNaturalist
1754:Wikispecies
1329:January 31,
1179:NatureServe
1069:20 cm)
997:Mating pair
940:Cartoonist
914:barred owls
906:bald eagles
734:Great Lakes
717:honeysuckle
701:of Mexico.
679:D. javensis
637:Description
461:Great Lakes
453:insectivore
183:NatureServe
2123:Categories
2047:Xeno-canto
1640:2011-09-14
1569:7 February
1519:2019-01-02
1399:. Col 977.
1158:18 January
1114:References
882:gray foxes
878:rat snakes
845:media help
803:media help
758:poison ivy
687:D. martius
662:wing chord
599:subspecies
503:John White
449:woodpecker
250:Piciformes
2139:Dryocopus
2079:Q28065662
1493:28 August
874:squirrels
721:buckthorn
671:Old World
594:in 1826.
588:Dryocopus
584:Hylatomus
565:Dryocopus
457:deciduous
278:Species:
271:Dryocopus
216:Kingdom:
210:Eukaryota
2073:Wikidata
1974:2.102132
1948:10195554
1739:Wikidata
1614:June 20,
1588:Archived
1387:(1826).
1325:. v 13.1
1242:(1758).
1186:17 April
1181:Explorer
1087:See also
862:American
586:. Genus
558:and the
544:pileatus
531:for the
493:Taxonomy
486:pileatus
479:and the
343:Synonyms
310:Linnaeus
256:Family:
230:Chordata
226:Phylum:
220:Animalia
206:Domain:
163:IUCN 3.1
2101:ZooBank
2093:9048486
1899:5228824
1806:Avibase
1745:Q930712
1634:NPR.org
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
956:Gallery
870:weasels
613:, 1898)
505:, 1585.
266:Genus:
260:Picidae
246:Order:
236:Class:
181: (
179:Secure
161: (
107:↓
2039:369210
2026:733984
1961:178166
1906:GNAB:
1881:EURING
1873:DRYKPI
1860:pilwoo
1834:pilwoo
1793:ARKive
1773:pilwoo
1453:
1419:
1275:
920:Status
880:, and
728:, the
681:) and
673:, the
463:, the
334:
2000:70711
1987:51359
1943:IRMNG
1935:17855
1855:eBird
1847:37VD2
1831:BOW:
1824:17549
1636:. NPR
1061:10-15
667:crest
611:Bangs
2088:GBIF
2008:ODNR
1982:NCBI
1956:ITIS
1894:GBIF
1886:8620
1868:EPPO
1819:BOLD
1616:2012
1571:2022
1495:2018
1451:ISBN
1417:ISBN
1331:2023
1273:ISBN
1188:2024
1160:2023
1143:2016
912:and
864:and
782:call
719:and
597:Two
438:-ee-
372:The
314:1758
240:Aves
46:PreꞒ
1917:IBC
1842:CoL
1780:ADW
1769:ABA
1269:306
1147:doi
983:ant
651:by
576:'s
550:is
436:PIL
2125::
2103::
2090::
2075::
2049::
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2010::
1997::
1984::
1971::
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1561:.
1511:.
1465:^
1405:^
1397:19
1391:.
1321:.
1307:^
1271:.
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908:,
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736:.
628:–
615:–
441:;
432:PY
425:-/
398:eɪ
389:aɪ
312:,
96:Pg
1705:.
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1065:×
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101:N
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