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33:
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The plant favors acidic ground and even avoids lime rich soil and spring areas favored by many other pteridophyta. It can tolerate direct sunlight slightly better than its relatives and can therefore survive even in some logging sites and benefit from them. It grows often in the following habitats:
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moist depressions in forests, nemoral forests, coastal scrubs, fresh cliff faces, sides of ditches, coniferous swamps and herb-rich hardwood-spruce swamps (
387:, but the two may be distinguished by the innermost pinnule on the bottom side of the bottom pinna: this pinnule is longer than the adjacent pinnules in
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568:
Thatcher, Edward P. (1947). "Observations on
Bryophytes Living in an Artificially Illuminated Limestone Cave".
786:
373:
791:
778:
601:
1170:
1160:
773:
664:
606:
308:, known in North America as the intermediate wood fern, and an unknown, apparently extinct species dubbed
817:
360:
are narrowly triangular. The sporangium are located on the underside of the leaves in round kidney-like
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187:
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1150:
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46:
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216:
74:
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This dark green plant is upright-ish, growing in leaf bunches, with wide leaves. It has a short
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is a sub-evergreen species, its fronds surviving mild winters but dying back in harsh winters.
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NatureServe
Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer
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1016:
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341:. The leaves are upright in sparse-ish bunches and overwintering, 30-50 cm. The
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367:
This fern is often confused with several other wood fern species, including
353:
338:
272:
1029:
1024:
681:
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804:
589:
419:
to grow in places which are otherwise devoid of natural light, such as
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204:
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346:
276:
124:
114:
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Piirainen, Mikko; Piirainen, Pirkko; Vainio, Hannele (1999).
312:, which is also the presumed parent of the hybrid-origin
1100:
547:] (in Finnish). Porvoo, Finland: WSOY. p. 32.
302:
It is a tetraploid of hybrid origin, one parent being
671:
349:and light-brown scaled. The leaf blade is narrowly
620:Rünk, Kai; Zobel, Martin; Zobel, Kristjan (2012).
383:. It especially extensively shares the range of
1120:
8:
534:
532:
530:
1127:
1113:
659:
55:
31:
20:
649:
622:"Biological Flora of the British Isles:
496:Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland
447:
279:native to damp forests throughout the
223:
7:
1081:
1079:
942:c96491b4-f624-4c8b-b4e1-8169984f93ca
1099:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
1004:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17390210-1
467:. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe
14:
1083:
651:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2012.01985.x
78:
570:The American Midland Naturalist
415:It is known to be able to use
328:Showing sori and leaflet shape
1:
455:NatureServe (2 June 2023).
345:is about the length of the
1207:
1146:NatureServe secure species
1078:
1181:Flora of Northern America
391:, but shorter or even in
222:
215:
193:
186:
75:Scientific classification
73:
53:
44:
39:
30:
23:
1186:Plants described in 1786
229:(O.F. Muell.) O. Kuntze
40:Growing in Pennsylvania
310:Dryopteris semicristata
246:Polypodium carthusianum
1095:-related article is a
703:Dryopteris carthusiana
673:Dryopteris carthusiana
624:Dryopteris carthusiana
607:Flora of North America
602:Dryopteris carthusiana
541:Kotimaan luonnonkasvit
459:Dryopteris carthusiana
438:
436:Dryopteris carthusiana
329:
268:Dryopteris carthusiana
197:Dryopteris carthusiana
25:Dryopteris carthusiana
1191:Dryopteridaceae stubs
1156:Ferns of the Americas
429:
327:
321:This plant is toxic.
305:Dryopteris intermedia
283:. It is known as the
254:Polypodium spinulosum
523:USDA PLANTS Profile
315:Dryopteris cristata
285:narrow buckler-fern
241:(O.F. Müll.) Fiori
179:D. carthusiana
47:Conservation status
638:Journal of Ecology
545:Native wild plants
439:
330:
293:spinulose woodfern
1108:
1107:
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950:Open Tree of Life
665:Taxon identifiers
281:Holarctic Kingdom
264:
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919:NHMSYS0000458183
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644:(4): 1039–1063.
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498:. Archived from
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417:artificial light
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35:
21:
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1176:Flora of Europe
1166:Ferns of Europe
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1093:Dryopteridaceae
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614:Further reading
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582:10.2307/2421476
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374:D. campyloptera
335:
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155:Dryopteridaceae
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17:
16:Species of fern
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1063:wfo-0001107298
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576:(3): 797–800.
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488:BSBI List 2007
478:
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397:D. carthusiana
389:D. carthusiana
354:double pinnate
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289:United Kingdom
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125:Polypodiopsida
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115:Polypodiophyta
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1171:Flora of Asia
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1161:Ferns of Asia
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554:951-0-23001-4
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505:on 2015-06-26
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412:in Finnish).
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393:D. intermedia
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385:D. intermedia
382:
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369:D. intermedia
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297:North America
294:
291:, and as the
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234:D. austriaca
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189:
188:Binomial name
185:
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145:Polypodiineae
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105:Tracheophytes
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1101:expanding it
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978:tro-26600144
672:
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507:. Retrieved
500:the original
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469:. Retrieved
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450:
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432:nature print
421:Niagara Cave
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226:D. spinulosa
225:
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178:
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135:Polypodiales
98:
24:
18:
901:NatureServe
826:iNaturalist
697:Wikispecies
628:D. dilatata
333:Description
275:species of
257:O.F. Müll.
65:NatureServe
1151:Dryopteris
1140:Categories
1047:WisFlora:
973:Plant List
844:17390210-1
632:D. expansa
509:2014-10-17
442:References
410:ruohokorpi
380:D. expansa
347:leaf blade
343:leaf stalk
209:H.P. Fuchs
166:Dryopteris
141:Suborder:
111:Division:
792:233500591
779:233500591
339:rootstock
273:perennial
238:spinulosa
173:Species:
88:Kingdom:
1037:VASCAN:
1030:26600144
1025:Tropicos
906:2.140856
857:10766461
711:BioLib:
682:Wikidata
358:leaflets
217:Synonyms
151:Family:
888:MoBotPF
805:5275149
688:Q523210
590:2421476
403:Habitat
287:in the
161:Genus:
131:Order:
121:Class:
92:Plantae
63: (
61:Secure
991:DRCA11
986:PLANTS
955:390736
939:NZOR:
932:239555
893:285659
870:502157
818:401939
766:150377
740:489726
588:
551:
471:6 June
377:, and
356:. The
249:Vill.
1091:This
962:PFI:
852:IRMNG
831:82564
761:EUNIS
753:DYOCA
727:37W3P
586:JSTOR
543:[
503:(xls)
492:(xls)
351:ovate
271:is a
205:Vill.
99:Clade
1097:stub
1050:3440
1040:5387
1017:6179
999:POWO
927:NCBI
880:1179
865:ITIS
839:IPNI
813:GRIN
800:GBIF
748:EPPO
714:3150
630:and
549:ISBN
473:2023
362:sori
277:fern
236:var.
1058:WFO
1012:RHS
965:122
914:NBN
787:FoC
774:FNA
735:EoL
722:CoL
646:doi
642:100
604:in
578:doi
434:of
295:in
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430:A
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203:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
