360:(NDRC) where he studied shock waves in water. In 1942 an Underwater Explosives Research Laboratory (UERL) was opened at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution which Bright led. The US navy, exasperated by the continual harassment of Nazi U-boats on allied shipping vessels had a strong interest in the UERL and its research with depth charges and other anti-submarine weapons. To facilitate this research, the laboratory acquired an old fishing vessel, the
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appointed Bright as an assistant professor during his third year of his fellowship. He taught courses in chemistry and quantum mechanics and was promoted to an associate professor with tenure after three years. From 1934 to 1941, Bright, along with Harold
Gershinowitz, constructed an automatic infrared spectrometer which was used to measure vibrational absorption spectra of various molecules.
367:
After the end of the war Bright returned to
Harvard. In 1947 Bright and Richard Hughes invented and built a Stark-effect microwave spectrometer which could measure different radio waves and became an important tool in spectroscopy. From 1949 to 1950, Bright took a sabbatical in Oxford during which he
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along with co-authors J.C Decius and P.C. Cross which discussed infrared and Raman spectra of polyatomic molecules. In 1955 Bright studied the internal rotation of single bonds in molecules using microwave spectroscopy. In 1965 Bright studied the rotational energy transfer in inelastic molecular
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In 1934, Bright was elected to the
Society of Fellows at Harvard for his work done at the California Institute of Technology. His election meant he had a 3-year junior fellowship at Harvard during which he studied molecular motion and symmetry analysis. In 1936 the Harvard Chemistry department
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In 1952–1953, during the Korean War, Bright became the
Research director and deputy director of the Weapons Evaluation Group (WSEG), where he only stayed for 18 months. He later began accepting assignments in the mid-1960's in Washington during the Vietnam war.
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in internal coordinates for a polyatomic molecule. He developed the theory of how rotational spectra are influenced by centrifugal distortion during rotation. He pioneered the use of
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In 1979, Bright retired and was named an emeritus professor. The E. Bright Wilson Award in
Spectroscopy was established in 1994 by the American Chemical Society.
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that provided an introduction of all the steps of scientific research, from defining a problem through the archival of data after publication.
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for the analysis and simplification normal mode analysis, particularly for high symmetry molecules, such as benzene. In 1955, Wilson published
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collisions. In 1970, Bright began to study hydrogen bonding and the structure of hydrogen bonds using low resolution microwave spectroscopy.
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In his final years, Wilson suffered from
Parkinson's disease. He died on July 12, 1992, in Cambridge, Massachusetts of pneumonia.
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He was married to Emily
Buckingham from 1935 until she died in 1954. He remarried to Therese Bremer in 1955, a distinguished
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which was published in 1935. This textbook was still in print in the year 2000, some 70 years after its initial publication.
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on crystal structure determinations and finished his PhD. During this time, he also wrote a textbook with
Pauling, called
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in 1926, where he received both his bachelor's and master's degree in 1930 and 1931 respectively. He then went to the
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along with J.C. Decius and Paul C. Cross. Following the Second World War, Wilson was a pioneer in the application of
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Linus
Pauling and E. Bright Wilson Jr., Introduction to Quantum Mechanics With Applications to Chemistry (1935).
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to the determination of molecular structure. Wilson wrote an influential introductory text
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256:. He was also the Theodore William Richards Professor of Chemistry, Emeritus at
17:
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Gordon, Roy; Herschbach, Dudley; Klemperer, William; Westheimer, Frank (1995).
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in physics in 1982. E. B. Wilson was a student and protégé of Nobel laureate
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1411:
162:
280:. Wilson was elected to the first class of the Harvard Society of Fellows.
244:
in 1982, and a number of honorary doctorates. He was a member of both the
803:
229:
643:
619:
473:
715:
Introduction to
Quantum Mechanics With Applications to Chemistry
414:. Wilson had a total of 4 sons and 2 daughters, one of whom was
3628:
3098:
2508:
2022:
1078:
814:
773:
225:(December 18, 1908 – July 12, 1992) was an American chemist.
440:
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620:"E. Bright Wilson, Jr. (18 December 1908-12 July 1992)"
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96:
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68:
46:
39:
712:
624:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
3100:Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences
283:Wilson made major contributions to the field of
129:Earle K. Plyler Prize for Molecular Spectroscopy
356:Bright started research on explosives with the
4572:Members of the American Philosophical Society
785:
613:
611:
586:
584:
582:
580:
8:
578:
576:
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572:
570:
568:
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2516:
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2030:
2019:
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36:
604:– via National Academy of Sciences.
228:Wilson was a prominent and accomplished
801:United States National Medal of Science
496:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
434:
329:Bright started his higher education at
736:An Introduction to Scientific Research
658:"Obituary: Professor E. Bright Wilson"
319:E. Bright Wilson Award in Spectroscopy
751:Wilson, Edgar Bright (January 1990).
403:, a lawyer. His family soon moved to
246:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
7:
4562:National Medal of Science laureates
370:Introduction to Scientific Research
358:National Defense Research Committee
308:Introduction to Scientific Research
287:. He developed the first rigorous
272:and was a coauthor with Pauling of
343:Introduction to Quantum Mechanics,
335:California Institute of Technology
30:For the Tennessee politician, see
25:
399:to mother Alma Lackey and father
274:Introduction to Quantum Mechanics
379:In 1955 Bright published a book
32:Edgar Bright Wilson (politician)
4547:20th-century American chemists
250:American Philosophical Society
232:and teacher, recipient of the
1:
816:Behavioral and social science
734:E. Bright Wilson Jr. (1952).
683:"Edgar Bright Wilson '30 *31"
372:which was published in 1952.
450:"Obituary: E. Bright Wilson"
321:, named in honor of Wilson.
254:National Academy of Sciences
27:American chemist (1908–1992)
101:ACS Award in Pure Chemistry
4588:
4557:Harvard University faculty
3704:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
368:mainly worked on his book
29:
3635:
3624:
3105:
3094:
2679:William Hayward Pickering
2515:
2504:
2029:
2018:
1085:
1074:
821:
810:
738:. McGraw-Hill, New York.
719:. Dover Books, New York.
317:has annually awarded the
315:American Chemical Society
234:National Medal of Science
216:
151:
115:National Medal of Science
4128:Norman Foster Ramsey Jr.
3574:S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
1205:Burrhus Frederic Skinner
252:, and the United States
122:Welch Award in Chemistry
80:Cambridge, Massachusetts
3439:Cathleen Synge Morawetz
1357:George Ledyard Stebbins
1278:James Augustine Shannon
755:. Courier Corporation.
687:Princeton Alumni Weekly
223:Edgar Bright Wilson Jr.
3896:Joseph O. Hirschfelder
3883:Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
2839:Harry George Drickamer
2785:Hans Wolfgang Liepmann
2459:M. Frederick Hawthorne
2333:John D. Baldeschwieler
1573:Daniel E. Koshland Jr.
1255:Earl W. Sutherland Jr.
591:Herschbach, Dudley R.
313:Starting in 1997, the
304:microwave spectroscopy
285:molecular spectroscopy
240:in 1949 and 1970, the
238:Guggenheim Fellowships
4487:Sylvester James Gates
3873:William Alfred Fowler
3855:Robert Rathbun Wilson
3668:Robert Burns Woodward
2480:Geraldine L. Richmond
2228:Howard E. Simmons Jr.
1511:Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
1440:Vernon B. Mountcastle
1296:Sterling B. Hendricks
1113:Marshall W. Nirenberg
1108:Theodosius Dobzhansky
956:William Julius Wilson
593:"E. Bright Wilson Jr"
492:"Edgar Bright Wilson"
337:where he worked with
242:Elliott Cresson Medal
143:Elliott Cresson Medal
4552:Theoretical chemists
4458:Warren M. Washington
4422:Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
4331:Jeremiah P. Ostriker
4276:Martin Schwarzschild
4057:Solomon J. Buchsbaum
4049:J. Robert Schrieffer
4019:E. Margaret Burbidge
3863:Nicolaas Bloembergen
3840:Arie Jan Haagen-Smit
3719:Vladimir K. Zworykin
3471:John Griggs Thompson
3394:Martin David Kruskal
3234:Kurt Otto Friedrichs
2707:Erwin Wilhelm Müller
2661:Ralph Brazelton Peck
2616:Jack St. Clair Kilby
2543:John Robinson Pierce
2510:Engineering sciences
2441:Jacqueline K. Barton
2296:George M. Whitesides
2215:Dudley R. Herschbach
2153:Richard B. Bernstein
2122:Walter H. Stockmayer
1670:Elizabeth F. Neufeld
1601:G. Evelyn Hutchinson
1491:Stanley Norman Cohen
1478:Rita Levi-Montalcini
1314:Keith Roberts Porter
1177:Alfred H. Sturtevant
1172:Michael Heidelberger
1144:Fritz Albert Lipmann
601:Biographical Memoirs
521:search.amphilsoc.org
517:"APS Member History"
381:Molecular Vibrations
300:Molecular Vibrations
4508:Shirley Ann Jackson
4427:Charles P. Slichter
4271:Marshall Rosenbluth
4263:Wallace S. Broecker
4216:Eugene M. Shoemaker
3977:Victor F. Weisskopf
3924:Herbert S. Gutowsky
3906:Edgar Bright Wilson
3747:George Kistiakowsky
3365:Stephen Cole Kleene
2876:George H. Heilmeier
2863:Mildred Dresselhaus
2754:Edward H. Heinemann
2684:Frederick E. Terman
2648:Richard T. Whitcomb
2569:Clarence L. Johnson
2530:Theodore von Kármán
2417:Stephen J. Benkovic
2396:Mostafa A. El-Sayed
2383:Marvin H. Caruthers
2338:Ralph F. Hirschmann
2278:Darleane C. Hoffman
2168:Harden M. McConnell
2109:Frank H. Westheimer
1921:Stanley B. Prusiner
1885:Robert J. Lefkowitz
1644:Howard Martin Temin
1501:Maurice R. Hilleman
1496:Joseph L. Goldstein
1435:Donald A. Henderson
1352:Earl Reece Stadtman
1337:Elizabeth C. Crosby
1301:Orville Alvin Vogel
1131:Donald D. Van Slyke
1080:Biological sciences
466:1993PhT....46e..80K
401:Edgar Bright Wilson
397:Gallatin, Tennessee
395:Wilson was born in
352:After the start of
260:. One of his sons,
136:Willard Gibbs Award
61:Gallatin, Tennessee
41:Edgar Bright Wilson
4380:G. Brent Dalrymple
4198:Arthur L. Schawlow
4105:James A. Van Allen
3996:Philip W. Anderson
3952:Richard P. Feynman
3878:Linus Carl Pauling
3513:Dennis P. Sullivan
3070:John B. Goodenough
3003:Edwin N. Lightfoot
2971:Yuan-Cheng B. Fung
2952:Kenneth N. Stevens
2720:Raymond D. Mindlin
2643:Harold E. Edgerton
2488:A. Paul Alivisatos
2367:Stephen J. Lippard
2346:Ernest R. Davidson
2283:Harold S. Johnston
2117:William S. Johnson
2081:George C. Pimentel
1916:Susan L. Lindquist
1898:Francis S. Collins
1792:Victor A. McKusick
1767:Francisco J. Ayala
1749:Nancy C. Andreasen
1699:Robert A. Weinberg
1473:Har Gobind Khorana
1458:Michael E. DeBakey
1445:George Emil Palade
1417:Wendell L. Roelofs
1407:Howard L. Bachrach
1237:Barbara McClintock
1139:Edward F. Knipling
541:"E. Bright Wilson"
446:Klemperer, William
289:quantum mechanical
264:, was awarded the
258:Harvard University
173:Harvard University
4524:
4523:
4520:
4519:
4516:
4515:
4453:Esther M. Conwell
4393:Robert N. Clayton
4385:Riccardo Giacconi
4349:Raymond Davis Jr.
4237:Albert Overhauser
4180:Edwin M. McMillan
4141:Arnold O. Beckman
4118:Paul Ching-Wu Chu
4095:Paul C. Lauterbur
4072:Robert Hofstadter
4024:Maurice Goldhaber
4011:Charles H. Townes
3962:Edward M. Purcell
3929:Frederick Rossini
3783:Wolfgang Panofsky
3714:John H. Van Vleck
3630:Physical sciences
3620:
3619:
3616:
3615:
3582:Solomon W. Golomb
3542:Andrew J. Viterbi
3537:Leonard Kleinrock
3484:Calyampudi R. Rao
3452:Ronald R. Coifman
3360:George F. Carrier
3341:Donald C. Spencer
3336:Saunders Mac Lane
3271:Marshall H. Stone
3221:Shiing-Shen Chern
3128:Solomon Lefschetz
3090:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3027:David J. Wineland
2995:John M. Prausnitz
2936:C. Kumar N. Patel
2931:James L. Flanagan
2899:John Roy Whinnery
2886:H. Guyford Stever
2868:Nick Holonyak Jr.
2831:George W. Housner
2826:Willis M. Hawkins
2821:Daniel C. Drucker
2803:Robert Byron Bird
2795:Bernard M. Oliver
2702:Peter C. Goldmark
2689:Wernher von Braun
2635:George E. Mueller
2608:Nathan M. Newmark
2603:J. Presper Eckert
2582:Claude E. Shannon
2551:Charles S. Draper
2500:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2467:Judith P. Klinman
2351:Gábor A. Somorjai
2262:Isabella L. Karle
2249:George S. Hammond
2210:Gertrude B. Elion
2163:Rudolph A. Marcus
2014:
2013:
2010:
2009:
1940:Ralph L. Brinster
1859:Torsten N. Wiesel
1836:Norman E. Borlaug
1823:Solomon H. Snyder
1818:J. Michael Bishop
1777:Mario R. Capecchi
1657:Salome G. Waelsch
1588:E. Donnall Thomas
1463:Theodor O. Diener
1362:Paul Alfred Weiss
1190:Bernard B. Brodie
1126:George G. Simpson
1070:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1015:Michael I. Posner
916:Eleanor J. Gibson
868:George J. Stigler
836:Neal Elgar Miller
762:978-0-486-66545-0
545:www.nasonline.org
498:. 9 February 2023
474:10.1063/1.2808916
405:Yonkers, New York
325:Scientific career
278:Dudley Herschbach
262:Kenneth G. Wilson
220:
219:
211:Frank A. Weinhold
195:Dudley Herschbach
191:Doctoral students
153:Scientific career
147:
108:Peter Debye Award
57:December 18, 1908
16:(Redirected from
4579:
4336:Gilbert F. White
4281:George Wetherill
4175:Allan M. Cormack
4133:Jack Steinberger
4113:D. Allan Bromley
4062:H. Richard Crane
4039:Frederick Reines
4029:Helmut Landsberg
3944:George Uhlenbeck
3845:Vladimir Haensel
3807:Allan R. Sandage
3778:Herbert C. Brown
3760:Herbert Friedman
3686:Leon M. Lederman
3658:Julian Schwinger
3637:
3626:
3595:Alexandre Chorin
3569:Richard A. Tapia
3550:David B. Mumford
3378:Alberto Calderón
3323:Joseph B. Keller
3310:Michael Freedman
3279:Herman Goldstine
3133:H. Marston Morse
3107:
3096:
3035:Rudolf E. Kálmán
3019:Robert S. Langer
3011:Jan D. Achenbach
2844:Herbert E. Grier
2595:Igor I. Sikorsky
2556:Othmar H. Ammann
2517:
2506:
2472:Jerrold Meinwald
2241:Norman Hackerman
2220:Glenn T. Seaborg
2135:William O. Baker
2063:F. Albert Cotton
2031:
2020:
1997:Mary-Claire King
1890:Bert W. O'Malley
1846:Thomas E. Starzl
1841:Phillip A. Sharp
1828:Charles Yanofsky
1810:Evelyn M. Witkin
1805:James E. Darnell
1631:Paul C. Zamecnik
1596:Mary Ellen Avery
1568:Herbert W. Boyer
1563:Baruj Benacerraf
1534:Joshua Lederberg
1524:Viktor Hamburger
1486:Michael S. Brown
1332:Robert H. Burris
1087:
1076:
1023:Mortimer Mishkin
948:William K. Estes
932:Roger N. Shepard
924:Robert K. Merton
908:George A. Miller
855:Herbert A. Simon
823:
812:
794:
787:
780:
771:
766:
749:
730:
718:
698:
697:
695:
694:
679:
673:
672:
670:
669:
654:
648:
647:
615:
606:
605:
597:
588:
555:
554:
552:
551:
537:
531:
530:
528:
527:
513:
507:
506:
504:
503:
488:
482:
481:
476:. Archived from
442:
207:William H Miller
180:Doctoral advisor
145:
140:
133:
126:
119:
112:
105:
75:
56:
54:
37:
21:
18:E. Bright Wilson
4587:
4586:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4578:
4577:
4576:
4567:Spectroscopists
4527:
4526:
4525:
4512:
4500:Sean C. Solomon
4462:
4414:Daniel Kleppner
4406:Lonnie Thompson
4401:Ralph A. Alpher
4367:W. Jason Morgan
4354:Charles Keeling
4344:Marvin L. Cohen
4311:
4294:John N. Bahcall
4289:Don L. Anderson
4255:Peter Goldreich
4208:Steven Weinberg
4160:
4090:Walter Elsasser
4067:Herman Feshbach
3981:
3919:Samuel Goudsmit
3911:Chien-Shiung Wu
3850:Frederick Seitz
3817:John A. Wheeler
3802:Robert H. Dicke
3787:
3650:Luis W. Alvarez
3631:
3612:
3600:David Blackwell
3554:
3505:Carl R. de Boor
3476:Karen Uhlenbeck
3456:
3410:Louis Nirenberg
3345:
3318:Ralph E. Gomory
3256:
3252:Donald E. Knuth
3239:Hassler Whitney
3177:
3101:
3082:
3047:
2979:Andreas Acrivos
2956:
2944:Eli Ruckenstein
2923:Hermann A. Haus
2894:Calvin F. Quate
2881:Luna B. Leopold
2848:
2739:
2725:Robert N. Noyce
2715:Emmett N. Leith
2674:Manson Benedict
2656:Rudolf Kompfner
2620:
2574:Warren K. Lewis
2511:
2492:
2426:
2388:Peter B. Dervan
2359:John I. Brauman
2318:
2270:Norman Davidson
2197:John D. Roberts
2172:
2140:Konrad E. Bloch
2086:Richard N. Zare
2048:
2025:
2006:
1963:Sallie Chisholm
1945:Rudolf Jaenisch
1925:
1908:J. Craig Venter
1867:Rita R. Colwell
1734:
1720:David Baltimore
1611:Robert W. Kates
1583:David G. Nathan
1578:Edward B. Lewis
1548:
1544:Harland G. Wood
1539:Roger W. Sperry
1394:Glenn W. Burton
1366:
1342:Arthur Kornberg
1309:Roger Guillemin
1286:Hallowell Davis
1250:Daniel I. Arnon
1242:Albert B. Sabin
1222:
1195:Detlev W. Bronk
1167:Harry F. Harlow
1162:Kenneth S. Cole
1149:William C. Rose
1121:Francis P. Rous
1081:
1062:
1027:
1007:Gordon H. Bower
968:
964:Robert M. Solow
880:
876:Milton Friedman
840:
817:
806:
798:
763:
750:
746:
733:
727:
710:
707:
702:
701:
692:
690:
681:
680:
676:
667:
665:
662:The Independent
656:
655:
651:
617:
616:
609:
595:
590:
589:
558:
549:
547:
539:
538:
534:
525:
523:
515:
514:
510:
501:
499:
490:
489:
485:
444:
443:
436:
431:
393:
327:
209:
205:
201:
197:
141:
138:
134:
131:
127:
124:
120:
117:
113:
110:
106:
103:
82:
77:
73:
64:
63:, United States
58:
52:
50:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4585:
4583:
4575:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4529:
4528:
4522:
4521:
4518:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4505:
4502:
4497:
4495:Burton Richter
4492:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4470:
4468:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4448:Yakir Aharonov
4445:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4416:
4411:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4395:
4390:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4362:Richard Garwin
4359:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4326:Willis E. Lamb
4323:
4319:
4317:
4313:
4312:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4265:
4260:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4218:
4213:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4168:
4166:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4085:Philip Abelson
4082:
4079:
4077:Chen-Ning Yang
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4051:
4046:
4044:Bruno B. Rossi
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4013:
4008:
4003:
4001:Yoichiro Nambu
3998:
3993:
3989:
3987:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3812:John C. Slater
3809:
3804:
3799:
3795:
3793:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3699:Jacob Bjerknes
3696:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3652:
3647:
3643:
3641:
3633:
3632:
3629:
3622:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3605:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3562:
3560:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3531:
3526:
3523:
3518:
3515:
3510:
3507:
3502:
3499:
3497:James G. Glimm
3494:
3491:
3489:Elias M. Stein
3486:
3481:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3464:
3462:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3441:
3436:
3433:
3431:Shing-Tung Yau
3428:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3412:
3407:
3404:
3399:
3396:
3391:
3388:
3383:
3380:
3375:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3353:
3351:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3299:
3297:Antoni Zygmund
3294:
3289:
3286:
3284:Isadore Singer
3281:
3276:
3273:
3268:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3247:Joseph L. Doob
3244:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3228:
3226:George Dantzig
3223:
3218:
3216:John W. Backus
3213:
3210:
3205:
3202:
3197:
3194:
3192:Richard Brauer
3189:
3185:
3183:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3173:William Feller
3170:
3167:
3162:
3159:
3154:
3151:
3146:
3143:
3138:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3122:
3120:Norbert Wiener
3117:
3113:
3111:
3103:
3102:
3099:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3078:Thomas Kailath
3075:
3072:
3067:
3064:
3059:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3037:
3032:
3029:
3024:
3021:
3016:
3013:
3008:
3005:
3000:
2997:
2992:
2989:
2984:
2981:
2976:
2973:
2968:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2946:
2941:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2925:
2920:
2917:
2912:
2909:
2904:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2856:
2854:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2815:
2810:
2808:H. Bolton Seed
2805:
2800:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2761:
2759:Donald L. Katz
2756:
2751:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2730:Earl R. Parker
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2637:
2632:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2613:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2584:
2579:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2564:Hugh L. Dryden
2561:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2532:
2527:
2523:
2521:
2513:
2512:
2509:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2482:
2477:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2448:
2446:Peter J. Stang
2443:
2438:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2422:Marye Anne Fox
2419:
2414:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2398:
2393:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2377:
2375:Tobin J. Marks
2372:
2369:
2364:
2361:
2356:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2304:Stuart A. Rice
2301:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2272:
2267:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2251:
2246:
2243:
2238:
2236:Donald J. Cram
2233:
2230:
2225:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2205:Ronald Breslow
2202:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2147:
2145:Elias J. Corey
2142:
2137:
2132:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2111:
2106:
2104:Carl S. Marvel
2101:
2096:
2091:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2076:Roald Hoffmann
2073:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2035:
2027:
2026:
2023:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1992:Stanley Falkow
1989:
1986:
1984:Rakesh K. Jain
1981:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1787:Gene E. Likens
1784:
1779:
1774:
1772:George F. Bass
1769:
1764:
1761:
1756:
1754:Peter H. Raven
1751:
1746:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1688:
1683:
1680:
1678:Alexander Rich
1675:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1659:
1654:
1652:Daniel Nathans
1649:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1633:
1628:
1626:Folke K. Skoog
1623:
1618:
1616:Salvador Luria
1613:
1608:
1606:Elvin A. Kabat
1603:
1598:
1593:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1519:Katherine Esau
1516:
1513:
1508:
1506:Eric R. Kandel
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1452:
1450:Joan A. Steitz
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1424:
1422:Berta Scharrer
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1389:Seymour Benzer
1386:
1383:
1381:Philip Handler
1378:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1268:Erwin Chargaff
1265:
1263:Britton Chance
1260:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1213:Robert Huebner
1210:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1102:
1100:C. B. van Niel
1097:
1093:
1091:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1060:
1058:Albert Bandura
1055:
1052:
1050:Robert Axelrod
1047:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1009:
1004:
1001:
996:
993:
991:R. Duncan Luce
988:
985:
980:
976:
974:
970:
969:
967:
966:
961:
958:
953:
950:
945:
942:
940:Paul Samuelson
937:
934:
929:
926:
921:
918:
913:
910:
905:
902:
900:Patrick Suppes
897:
895:Leonid Hurwicz
892:
888:
886:
882:
881:
879:
878:
873:
870:
865:
860:
857:
852:
848:
846:
842:
841:
839:
838:
833:
829:
827:
819:
818:
815:
808:
807:
799:
797:
796:
789:
782:
774:
768:
767:
761:
744:
731:
725:
706:
705:External links
703:
700:
699:
674:
649:
630:(3): 313–315.
607:
556:
532:
508:
483:
480:on 2013-10-05.
433:
432:
430:
427:
420:Nobel Laureate
416:Kenneth Wilson
392:
389:
326:
323:
218:
217:
214:
213:
199:Robert Karplus
192:
188:
187:
182:
176:
175:
170:
166:
165:
160:
156:
155:
149:
148:
98:
94:
93:
91:Kenneth Wilson
88:
84:
83:
78:
76:(aged 83)
70:
66:
65:
59:
48:
44:
43:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4584:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4509:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4465:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4440:James E. Gunn
4438:
4436:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4372:Edward Witten
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4314:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4190:Roger Revelle
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4163:
4157:
4156:Henry Stommel
4154:
4152:
4149:
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4146:Eugene Parker
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391:Personal life
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72:July 12, 1992
71:
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49:
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38:
33:
19:
4482:Sandra Faber
4477:Sidney Drell
4307:Leo Kadanoff
4302:James Cronin
4250:Hans Dehmelt
4185:Robert Pound
4151:Robert Sharp
3967:John Sinfelt
3934:Verner Suomi
3905:
3901:Lewis Sarett
3765:Lars Onsager
3709:Henry Eyring
3676:John Bardeen
3418:Richard Karp
3386:Allen Newell
3165:Jerzy Neyman
2790:Tung-Yen Lin
2767:Bill Hewlett
2697:Morris Cohen
2291:John W. Cahn
2192:Karl Folkers
1953:Lucy Shapiro
1903:Elaine Fuchs
1782:Ann Graybiel
1712:Janet Rowley
1694:James Watson
1686:Ruth Patrick
1529:Philip Leder
1399:Mildred Cohn
1347:Severo Ochoa
1324:E. O. Wilson
752:
735:
714:
691:. Retrieved
689:. 2016-01-21
686:
677:
666:. Retrieved
664:. 1992-07-22
661:
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548:. Retrieved
544:
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524:. Retrieved
520:
511:
500:. Retrieved
495:
486:
478:the original
457:
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448:(May 1993).
424:
422:in physics.
412:photochemist
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354:World War II
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296:group theory
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169:Institutions
152:
74:(1992-07-12)
4542:1992 deaths
4537:1908 births
4435:Berni Alder
4242:Frank Press
4123:Walter Kohn
4100:George Pake
4034:Walter Munk
3957:Herman Mark
3939:Henry Taube
3727:Jesse Beams
3681:Peter Debye
3663:Harold Urey
3587:Barry Mazur
3149:John Milnor
3043:Amnon Yariv
2987:Leo Beranek
2813:Ernst Weber
2666:Abel Wolman
2257:Thomas Cech
2187:Elkan Blout
2127:Max Tishler
2044:Roger Adams
2002:Simon Levin
1468:Harry Eagle
1291:Paul Gyorgy
983:Gary Becker
292:Hamiltonian
266:Nobel Prize
4531:Categories
4229:Vera Rubin
3868:Paul Flory
3529:Hyman Bass
3402:John Cocke
3305:Raoul Bott
3208:Kurt Gödel
3200:John Tukey
3157:Paul Cohen
2772:George Low
2735:Simon Ramo
1958:Leroy Hood
1759:Carl Woese
1707:Bruce Ames
1218:Ernst Mayr
693:2021-11-08
668:2020-10-05
550:2023-03-22
526:2023-03-22
502:2023-03-22
429:References
53:1908-12-18
4224:Val Fitch
3292:Peter Lax
3062:Shu Chien
2309:John Ross
2024:Chemistry
1412:Paul Berg
804:laureates
636:0003-049X
460:(5): 80.
331:Princeton
236:in 1975,
163:Chemistry
4203:Ed Stone
1200:Jay Lush
753:13-digit
362:Reliance
87:Children
462:Bibcode
230:chemist
759:
742:
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644:987199
642:
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248:, the
159:Fields
146:(1982)
139:(1979)
132:(1978)
125:(1978)
118:(1975)
111:(1962)
104:(1937)
97:Awards
4467:2010s
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1032:2010s
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885:1990s
845:1980s
826:1960s
640:JSTOR
596:(PDF)
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3604:2013
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1988:2014
1980:2013
1967:2012
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832:1964
757:ISBN
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632:ISSN
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