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to remove the nuclei of these eggs. This work received popular attention as "creation of life without parents". Browne's experiments were especially noteworthy in that she demonstrated that chromosomes were not necessary to create life. Her experiments showed that cytoplasm was capable of developing
137:
given to
Spemann. Howard M. Lenhoff has argued that Ethel Browne should have shared in Spemann's Nobel Prize, because she did the experiment first; she understood its significance; and she had, in fact, sent her paper to Spemann, who had underlined the portion of the paper that discussed the
50:, to Bennett Barnard Browne and Jennifer Nicholson Browne. She was one of five children; three of her siblings became doctors, including two of her sisters (Jennie Nicholson Browne and Mary Nicholson Browne), and one of her brothers became a metallurgist.
124:
During her graduate studies at
Columbia, Browne "demonstrated that transplanting the hypostome from one hydra into another hydra would induce a secondary axis in the host hydra." This work, done in 1909, preceded experiments in 1924 by
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84:(born 1922, later a physician). Although working only part-time for the next several years, she nevertheless continued her work, making numerous important contributions.
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22:(December 14, 1885 in Baltimore, Maryland – September 2, 1965 in Falmouth, Massachusetts) was an American embryologist, known for her critical findings about
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life without the need for the nucleus. She termed this method of creating life as "parthenogenic
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cleavage, inducing unfertilized sea urchin eggs to cleave and ultimately to hatch. Browne used
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at NYU. She conducted scientific research in a variety of positions including
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Notable
American Women: The Modern Period: A Biographical Dictionary. Volume 4
328:
Notable
American Women: The Modern Period: A Biographical Dictionary. Volume 4
162:
31:
27:
480:, "Ethel Browne Harvey", in Barbara Sicherman and Carol Hurd Green, editors,
392:"Ethel Browne, Hans Spemann, and the Discovery of the Organizer Phenomenon,"
326:, "Ethel Browne Harvey", in Barbara Sicherman and Carol Hurd Green, editors,
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165:, Massachusetts. She taught at a variety of institutions, including the
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154:" in which "a portion of the egg without the nucleus is fertilized".
76:. Browne, adopting her husband's surname, had two children with him;
103:. Her doctoral thesis in 1913 was on the male germ cells of genus
87:
Ethel Browne Harvey died of peritonitis from appendicitis in 1965.
535:
Fellows of the
American Association for the Advancement of Science
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119:
Society for the
Promotion of University Education for Women
409:, Birth of Molecular Biology (last visited Oct. 7, 2012).
229:"Parthenogenetic Merogony or Cleavage Without Nuclei in
46:
Ethel
Nicholson Browne was born December 14, 1885, in
341:"Harvey, Ethel Browne (1885–1965) | Encyclopedia.com"
220:"A Review of the Chromosome Numbers in the Metazoa",
530:
Columbia
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
368:"Ethel Browne Harvey (1885-1965) and the Organizer"
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53:Browne's parents sent their three daughters to the
396:, v.181, pp.72–80 (Aug. 1991), cited by Gilbert.
211:"A Study of the Male Germ Cells in Notonecta",
65:, earning an MA in 1907 and a Ph.D. in 1913.
8:
438:, Dec. 6, 1937, p.32, all cited in Haraway.
141:In the 1930s, she demonstrated a method of
267:1956 - Honorary D.Sc. from Goucher College
206:The American Arbacia and Other Sea Urchins
189:in Naples, an organization established by
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68:In 1915, she married fellow scientist,
545:20th-century American women scientists
278:L'Institut International d'Embryologie
449:"Dr. Ethel Harvey, Biologist, was 79"
7:
157:Browne worked for many years at the
72:, a physiologist known for work on
202:Selected significant publications
115:Sarah Berliner Research Fellowship
14:
80:(born 1916, later a chemist) and
515:20th-century American zoologists
484:(Harvard University Press, 1980)
330:(Harvard University Press, 1980)
214:Journal of Experimental Zoology
185:. She was associated with the
20:Ethel (Nicholson) Browne Harvey
34:, and for early work studying
1:
173:in Wellesley, Massachusetts;
472:Further reading and research
430:, Nov. 28, 1937, pp. 1, 41;
291:Marine Biological Laboratory
285:New York Academy of Sciences
193:and other women scientists.
169:in Millbrook, New York, the
159:Marine Biological Laboratory
95:At Columbia she worked with
426:, Nov. 28, 1937, pp.1, 32;
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434:, Dec. 6, 1937, pp.36-37;
289:Elected as trustee of the
138:significance of her work.
520:American women biologists
226:, Dec. 1916 and June 1920
175:Washington Square College
78:Edmund Newton Harvey, Jr.
167:Bennett School for Girls
550:Bryn Mawr School people
424:New York Herald Tribune
422:, Sept. 13, 1937, p.7;
255:The Biological Bulletin
245:Encyclopædia Britannica
183:Cornell Medical College
42:Biography and education
36:embryonic cell cleavage
540:Goucher College alumni
525:American embryologists
187:American Women's Table
390:Lenhoff, H. M. 1991.
253:Many publications in
223:Journal of Morphology
101:Edmund Beecher Wilson
82:Richard Bennet Harvey
16:American embryologist
345:www.encyclopedia.com
179:Princeton University
455:. September 3, 1965
236:Biological Bulletin
91:Career and research
63:Columbia University
48:Baltimore, Maryland
489:The New York Times
453:The New York Times
366:Scott F. Gilbert,
191:Ida Henrietta Hyde
97:Thomas Hunt Morgan
257:from 1919 to 1962
242:"Fertilization",
231:Arbacia puntulata
147:centrifugal force
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491:, Sept. 3, 1965.
478:Donna J. Haraway
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171:Dana Hall School
111:women in science
70:E. Newton Harvey
55:Bryn Mawr School
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26:, using the
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510:1965 deaths
505:1885 births
418:See, e.g.,
407:"1940-1954"
394:Biol. Bull.
239:, Aug. 1936
217:, Jan. 1913
135:Nobel Prize
32:sea urchins
499:Categories
487:Obituary,
350:2020-12-07
280:in Utrecht
163:Woods Hole
28:embryology
117:from the
106:Notonecta
432:Newsweek
371:Archived
283:Fellow,
276:Fellow,
270:Fellow,
152:merogony
262:Awards
208:(1956)
298:Notes
461:2020
436:Time
420:Life
181:and
129:and
99:and
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161:at
30:of
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377:,
359:^
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