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756:). Powdered drug and filler (typically an inert sugar) are added to the liquid solution and rapidly mixed to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The drug-filler-polymer mixture is then cast into a mold at −80 °C and freeze-dried until solid. These devices are used in drug delivery research to slowly release a compound. The polymer does not
875:
Flower-making foam is a thin sheet made of EVA, which is flexible, and is used by artists and craft makers to make artificial flowers. These foams are presented as raw sheets and they can be cut into the desired petal shape and then can be formed by ironing to assemble artificial flowers by putting
908:
cone membrane support rings (replacing rubber) because of its good mechanical and acoustic properties. Open cell EVA foam is used to damp high frequency acoustical diffraction from tweeter speakers and is often put in the area around the high frequency speaker driver to give better directivity and
602:
EVA is made by mixing ethylene and vinyl acetate in a processor, which creates an unrefined mass of EVA. It is fed through rollers that flatten it into sheets, which are then put into a pressure oven. Ethylene-vinyl acetate is based on products from the production of petroleum and natural gas.
846:. EVA slippers and sandals are popular, being lightweight, easy to form, odourless, glossy, and cheaper than natural rubber. In fishing rods, EVA is used to construct handles on the rod-butt end. EVA can be used as a substitute for
904:, since the copolymer binds well with other agents to form gel-like substances. EVA is also sometimes used as a material for some plastic model kit parts. One common use of EVA foam rubber is in low frequency (woofer)
2210:
518:
particularly at the higher end of the range. Both filled and unfilled EVA materials have good low temperature properties and are tough. The materials with approximately 11% VA are used as hot-melt adhesives.
891:
EVA is used in orthotics, surfboard and skimboard traction pads, car mats, and for the manufacturing of some artificial flowers. It is used as a cold flow improver for diesel fuel and as a separator in
1043:
Reyes-Labarta, J.A.; Marcilla, A. (2012). "Thermal
Treatment and Degradation of Crosslinked Ethylene Vinyl Acetate-Polyethylene-Azodicarbonamide-ZnO Foams. Complete Kinetic Modelling and Analysis".
510:
copolymer which is based on a medium proportion of VA (approximately 4 to 30%) is referred to as thermoplastic ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and is a thermoplastic elastomer material. It is not
1070:
Reyes-Labarta, J.A.; Marcilla, A. (2008). "Differential
Scanning Calorimetry Analysis of the Thermal Treatment of Ternary Mixtures of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate, Polyethylene and Azodicarbonamide".
823:, market EVA-based compression-moulded foam used in the manufacture of running shoes as "Phylon".) It is used for the manufacture of floats for commercial fishing gear such as purse seine (
1107:
Reyes-Labarta, J.A.; Olaya, M.M.; Marcilla, A. (2006). "DSC Study of the
Transitions Involved in the Thermal Treatment of Foamable Mixtures of PE and EVA Copolymer with Azodicarbonamide".
933:
422:
503:. It has some of the properties of a low-density polyethylene but increased gloss (useful for film), softness and flexibility. The material is generally considered non-toxic.
495:
copolymer which is based on a low proportion of VA (approximately up to 4%) may be referred to as vinyl acetate modified polyethylene. It is a copolymer and is processed as a
1934:
900:
that soften in boiling water for a user-specific fit. It is also used for conditioning and waterproofing fabrics and leather. EVA finds application in the making of nicotine
484:. The weight percent of vinyl acetate usually varies from 10 to 50%, with the remainder being ethylene. There are three different types of EVA copolymer, which differ in the
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831:. In addition, because of its buoyancy, EVA has made its way into non-traditional products such as floating eyewear. It is also used in the
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communities, largely in part due to its ease to work with, durability, and comfort in comparison to traditional plastic-based costumes.
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that produces materials which are "rubber-like" in softness and flexibility. The material has good clarity and gloss, low-temperature
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948:. One study suggested it may have adverse effects on certain organisms, but its actual effect on humans has not been determined.
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copolymer which is based on a high proportion of VA (greater than 60%) is referred to as ethylene-vinyl acetate rubber.
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Ogawa, Taiji; Yamasaki, Sayaka; Honda, Mariko; Terao, Yutaka; Kawabata, Shigetada; Maeda, Yoshinobu (April 2012).
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EVA copolymers are adhesives used in packaging, textile, bookbinding for bonding plastic films, metal surfaces,
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Poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate); poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate); polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
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1325:"Volatile organic compounds of polyethylene vinyl acetate plastic are toxic to living organisms"
896:. EVA can easily be cut from sheets and molded to shape. It is also used to make thermoplastic
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1265:"Long-term survival of salivary streptococci on dental devices made of ethylene vinyl acetate"
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within the body, but is quite inert and causes little or no reaction following implantation.
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741:. Craft-foam sheets are made of EVA and are popularly used for children's foam stickers.
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EVA may be used in custom-made dental devices with a proper approach to hygiene.
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EVA is also used in coatings formulation of good-quality interior water-borne
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Polyethylene vinyl acetate has recently become a popular alternative to
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Mills, N. J. (2003). "Running shoe materials". In
Jenkins, Mike (ed.).
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
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551:. EVA has a distinctive vinegar-like odor and is competitive with
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1179:"Cosplay: How to texture EVA foam to upgrade your cosplayer game"
1502:
1150:. Vol. 1. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing. pp. 74, 76.
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device. The polymer is dissolved in an organic solvent (such as
1916:
1409:
928:. As of 2014, EVA has not been found to be carcinogenic by the
730:
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15:
819:, for example. (Some manufacturers of running shoes, such as
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but has some of the properties of a rubber or of plasticized
287:
1405:
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is used as padding in equipment for various sports such as
1365:"Safety Data Sheet (SDS) SDS-101 – Ethylene-Vinyl-Acetate"
737:. EVA is also used as a clinginess-enhancing additive in
729:
are usually made from EVA, generally with additives like
583:
417:
725:(such as hot glue sticks) and top-of-the-line soccer
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Interlocking floor tiles are often made from EVA foam
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46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
868:In recent years, EVA foam has seen popular use in
488:(VA) content and the way the materials are used.
249:
1045:Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
763:EVA is one of the materials popularly known as
161:
1928:
1421:
1020:"FindSourcing – EVA - Ethylene-vinly Acetate"
8:
1402:(2007; last update 2008; last archived 2022)
1206:"What is Flower Making Foam (aka Foamiran)?"
1935:
1921:
1913:
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835:industry as an encapsulation material for
705:are commonly made of EVA, as are some mats
559:products in many electrical applications.
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117:
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998:. Springer Science & Business Media.
547:waterproof properties, and resistance to
269:
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
992:Whelan, A.; Whelan, Tony (27 May 1994).
1318:
1316:
984:
916:Safety and environmental considerations
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298:
1518:Polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE)
218:
1458:Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX, XLPE)
1453:Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)
1329:The Journal of Toxicological Sciences
1269:International Journal of Oral Science
1250:"Subwoofers and woofers construction"
445:a close-up picture of open-celled EVA
189:
7:
2270:List of environmental health hazards
2190:List of environmental health hazards
610:(EVOH) copolymer (and acetic acid).
543:, stress-crack resistance, hot-melt
44:adding citations to reliable sources
1370:. February 10, 2014. Archived from
811:handles. It is typically used as a
240:
2075:Miscellaneous additives incl. PHCs
1109:Journal of Applied Polymer Science
1072:Journal of Applied Polymer Science
857:, and as redispersible powders in
14:
1607:
1601:
1493:Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)
1468:Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)
1177:Birger, Candace (July 9, 2020).
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124:
20:
1473:Poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA)
403:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
31:needs additional citations for
1836:Category:Plastics applications
1583:Styrene maleic anhydride (SMA)
1578:Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC)
1563:Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
1:
1543:Poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO)
1323:Meng, Tingzhu Teresa (2014).
1147:Materials in Sports Equipment
995:Polymer Technology Dictionary
2260:Persistent organic pollutant
2221:Toxic Substances Control Act
2180:Persistent organic pollutant
1463:Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)
924:because it does not contain
466:poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate)
2253:Great Pacific garbage patch
2175:Great Pacific garbage patch
1588:Styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN)
1503:Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)
883:at 53% primary dispersant.
2358:
2216:Japan Toxic Substances Law
2011:Miscellaneous plasticizers
2290:
2211:European REACH regulation
2206:California Proposition 65
1949:polyhalogenated compounds
1826:High-performance plastics
1651:High-performance plastics
1599:
1008:– via Google Books.
397:
379:
375:90 °C (194 °F)
314:
145:
137:
132:
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1636:Fibre-reinforced plastic
1573:Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
619:Some objects made of EVA
606:Hydrolysis of EVA gives
501:low-density polyethylene
55:"Ethylene-vinyl acetate"
1687:Biodegradable additives
876:these petals together.
119:ethylene-vinyl acetate
2102:Perfluorooctanoic acid
1538:Polyphenyl ether (PPE)
1533:Polyoxymethylene (POM)
1478:Polyacrylic acid (PAA)
1400:List of EVA tradenames
850:in many applications.
842:in the manufacture of
746:biomedical engineering
608:ethylene vinyl alcohol
458:Ethylene-vinyl acetate
454:
446:
365:Variable
2282:Biodegradable plastic
1631:Thermosetting polymer
1528:Polylactic acid (PLA)
499:material – just like
452:
444:
2293:Identification codes
1893:Foam food containers
1816:Engineering plastics
1281:10.1038/ijos.2012.13
1024:www.findsourcing.com
844:photovoltaic modules
795:gloves and helmets,
744:EVA is also used in
40:improve this article
2317:Commodity chemicals
2132:Endocrine disruptor
1730:Compression molding
1682:Polymer stabilizers
902:transdermal patches
837:crystalline silicon
120:
2147:Polymer fume fever
1806:Commodity plastics
1780:Rotational molding
1750:Fiberglass molding
1710:Injection moulding
1692:Filler (materials)
1641:Corrugated plastic
1593:Tritan copolyester
1548:Polypropylene (PP)
1498:Polycarbonate (PC)
1342:10.2131/jts.39.795
1232:"How Nikwax Works"
1212:. October 12, 2017
922:polyvinyl chloride
793:mixed-martial-arts
748:applications as a
723:Hot-melt adhesives
582:. You can help by
516:polyvinyl chloride
455:
453:EVA polymer "milk"
447:
430:Infobox references
118:
2299:
2298:
2277:Plastic recycling
2243:Plastic pollution
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2163:Plastic pollution
1943:Health issues of
1901:
1900:
1797:Plastics industry
1715:Plastic extrusion
1568:Polyurethane (PU)
1558:Polysulfone (PES)
1513:Polyethylene (PE)
1488:Polybutylene (PB)
1121:10.1002/app.23969
1084:10.1002/app.28802
1057:10.1021/ie3006935
1051:(28): 9515–9530.
963:Polyvinyl acetate
600:
599:
464:), also known as
438:Chemical compound
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435:
386:Safety data sheet
283:CompTox Dashboard
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90:
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2168:Rubber pollution
2018:Organophosphates
1937:
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1765:Filament winding
1740:Transfer molding
1667:Polymer additive
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1553:Polystyrene (PS)
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1377:on 27 April 2021
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968:Polyvinyl ester
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765:expanded rubber
754:dichloromethane
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1394:External links
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367:
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295:
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281:
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258:
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246:
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206:
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173:Abbreviations
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158:
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151:
148:
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139:
135:
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114:
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28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2354:
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2328:
2325:
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2320:
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2309:
2307:
2294:
2289:
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2280:
2278:
2275:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2248:Garbage patch
2246:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2114:Health issues
2111:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2073:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2009:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1946:
1938:
1933:
1931:
1926:
1924:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1910:
1904:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1888:Shopping bags
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1849:
1843:(Agriculture)
1842:
1841:Plasticulture
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1821:Geosynthetics
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1794:
1791:
1787:
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1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1725:Thermoforming
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
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1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1626:Thermoplastic
1624:
1623:
1621:
1615:
1610:
1604:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
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1559:
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1531:
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1526:
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1521:
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1516:
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1501:
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1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1442:
1438:
1431:
1426:
1424:
1419:
1417:
1412:
1411:
1408:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1373:
1366:
1360:
1357:
1352:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1259:
1256:
1251:
1245:
1242:
1237:
1233:
1227:
1224:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1173:
1170:
1159:
1157:9781855738546
1153:
1149:
1148:
1140:
1137:
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1126:
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1118:
1114:
1110:
1103:
1100:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1066:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1039:
1036:
1025:
1021:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1005:9780412581809
1001:
997:
996:
988:
985:
978:
974:
973:Vinyl polymer
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
955:
951:
949:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
915:
913:
910:
907:
903:
899:
895:
886:
884:
882:
877:
873:
871:
866:
864:
860:
856:
851:
849:
845:
841:
838:
834:
833:photovoltaics
830:
826:
825:seine fishing
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
761:
759:
755:
751:
750:drug-delivery
747:
742:
740:
739:plastic wraps
736:
732:
728:
724:
713:
708:
704:
698:
693:
690:
683:
678:
674:
668:
663:
660:
653:
648:
641:
636:
633:
626:
621:
618:
613:
611:
609:
604:
594:
585:
581:
578:This section
576:
573:
569:
568:
562:
560:
558:
557:vinyl polymer
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
535:
531:
527:
525:
520:
517:
513:
509:
504:
502:
498:
497:thermoplastic
494:
489:
487:
486:vinyl acetate
483:
482:vinyl acetate
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
451:
443:
431:
424:
419:
402:
396:
393:
390:
387:
384:
383:
378:
374:
372:
371:Melting point
369:
368:
364:
362:
359:
358:
326:
323:
319:
318:
313:
305:
301:
300:DTXSID0049814
297:
296:
294:
284:
280:
279:
272:
268:
267:
265:
263:
260:
259:
252:
248:
247:
245:
239:
235:
234:
230:
226:
223:
221:
219:ECHA InfoCard
216:
215:
208:
207:
205:
203:
200:
199:
192:
188:
187:
185:
183:
180:
179:
175:
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164:
160:
159:
157:
154:
150:
149:
144:
136:
131:
127:
122:
110:
107:
99:
96:December 2015
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
1958:Plasticizers
1906:Environment
1858:Blister pack
1811:Construction
1720:Blow molding
1462:
1379:. Retrieved
1372:the original
1359:
1332:
1328:
1275:(1): 14–18.
1272:
1268:
1258:
1244:
1235:
1226:
1214:. Retrieved
1209:
1200:
1188:. Retrieved
1182:
1172:
1161:. Retrieved
1146:
1139:
1112:
1108:
1102:
1075:
1071:
1065:
1048:
1044:
1038:
1027:. Retrieved
1023:
1014:
994:
987:
958:Polyethylene
919:
911:
894:HEPA filters
890:
878:
874:
867:
855:coated paper
852:
817:sports shoes
809:fishing-reel
805:fishing rods
768:
764:
762:
743:
721:
632:flutterboard
614:Applications
605:
601:
591:October 2022
588:
584:adding to it
579:
549:UV radiation
529:
528:
523:
521:
507:
505:
492:
490:
469:
465:
461:
457:
456:
191:CHEBI:166881
146:Identifiers
138:Other names
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
2199:Regulations
2051:Bisphenol A
1735:Calendering
1677:Plasticizer
1617:Mechanical
1130:10045/24680
1093:10045/13312
898:mouthguards
840:solar cells
769:foam rubber
703:Yoga blocks
534:elastomeric
315:Properties
225:100.133.085
2327:Elastomers
2322:Copolymers
2306:Categories
2127:Carcinogen
2092:Organotins
1962:Phthalates
1908:and health
1755:Pultrusion
1745:Laminating
1703:processing
1236:nikwax.com
1216:22 January
1163:2018-11-11
1029:2023-02-15
979:References
946:biodegrade
887:Other uses
758:biodegrade
563:Production
512:vulcanized
361:Molar mass
271:4OKC630HS6
202:ChemSpider
176:EVA; PEVA
163:24937-78-8
153:CAS Number
66:newspapers
2156:Pollution
2122:Teratogen
2053:(BPA, in
1701:Plastics
1672:Colorants
1660:Additives
1444:Chemical
1289:2049-3169
1190:April 24,
797:wakeboard
783:saddles,
777:ski boots
673:Flip-flop
541:toughness
474:copolymer
2332:Plastics
2137:Diabetes
2043:Monomers
2023:Adipates
1945:plastics
1799:segments
1789:Products
1437:Plastics
1381:18 April
1351:25242410
1307:22422084
1210:Foamiran
1184:Popverse
952:See also
926:chlorine
859:plasters
829:gillnets
801:waterski
545:adhesive
478:ethylene
472:), is a
380:Hazards
2265:Dioxins
2185:Dioxins
2142:Obesity
1883:Cutlery
1873:Bottles
1298:3412658
906:speaker
870:cosplay
803:boots,
799:boots,
781:bicycle
659:kneeler
657:Garden
537:polymer
423:what is
421: (
355:
238:PubChem
80:scholar
1982:(BBzP)
1951:(PHCs)
1863:Chairs
1831:Nurdle
1349:
1305:
1295:
1287:
1154:
1002:
881:paints
827:) and
807:, and
789:boxing
787:pads,
785:hockey
771:. EVA
727:cleats
553:rubber
532:is an
418:verify
415:
388:(SDS)
133:Names
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
2236:Waste
2082:PBDEs
1993:(DOP)
1619:types
1446:types
1375:(PDF)
1368:(PDF)
940:, or
934:ACGIH
735:resin
689:crocs
687:Foam
630:Foam
251:32742
182:ChEBI
87:JSTOR
73:books
2097:PFCs
2087:PCBs
2063:(in
2027:DEHA
2002:DINP
1997:DIDP
1991:DEHP
1986:DIHP
1970:DIBP
1947:and
1878:Bags
1383:2020
1347:PMID
1303:PMID
1285:ISSN
1218:2018
1192:2024
1152:ISBN
1000:ISBN
942:OSHA
938:IARC
861:and
848:cork
821:Nike
791:and
773:foam
733:and
675:sole
555:and
522:The
506:The
491:The
480:and
470:PEVA
392:MSDS
262:UNII
209:none
59:news
2065:PVC
2032:DOA
1980:BBP
1975:DBP
1337:doi
1293:PMC
1277:doi
1125:hdl
1117:doi
1113:102
1088:hdl
1080:doi
1076:110
1053:doi
930:NTP
815:in
767:or
731:wax
586:.
530:EVA
524:EVA
508:EVA
493:EVA
476:of
462:EVA
288:EPA
241:CID
42:by
2308::
1960::
1345:.
1333:39
1331:.
1327:.
1315:^
1301:.
1291:.
1283:.
1271:.
1267:.
1234:.
1208:.
1181:.
1123:.
1111:.
1086:.
1074:.
1049:51
1047:.
1022:.
936:,
932:,
865:.
779:,
339:(C
327:(C
2067:)
2057:)
2034:)
2025:(
1936:e
1929:t
1922:v
1429:e
1422:t
1415:v
1385:.
1353:.
1339::
1309:.
1279::
1273:4
1252:.
1238:.
1220:.
1194:.
1166:.
1133:.
1127::
1119::
1096:.
1090::
1082::
1059:.
1055::
1032:.
593:)
589:(
468:(
460:(
413:N
353:m
351:)
349:2
347:O
345:6
343:H
341:4
337:n
335:)
333:4
331:H
329:2
290:)
286:(
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
