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225:"It is virtue, yea virtue, gentlemen, that maketh gentlemen; that maketh the poor rich, the base-born noble, the subject a sovereign, the deformed beautiful, the sick whole, the weak strong, the most miserable most happy. There are two principal and peculiar gifts in the nature of man, knowledge and reason; the one commandeth, and the other obeyeth: these things neither the whirling wheel of fortune can change, neither the deceitful cavillings of worldlings separate, neither sickness abate, neither age abolish". (
247:"How frantic are those lovers which are carried away with the gay glistering of the fine face? The beauty whereof is parched with the summer's blaze and chipped with the winter's blast: which is of so short continuance, that it fadeth before one perceive it flourish". (Euphues' after-dinner speech to the 'coy' Neapolitan ladies on whether the qualities of the mind or the composition of the man are more worthy).
242:"Can any treasure in this transitory pilgrimmage be of more value than a friend? In whose bosom thou mayest sleep secure without fear, whom thou mayest make partner of all thy secrets without suspicion of fraud, and partaker of all thy misfortune without mistrust of fleeting. Who will account thy bale his bane, thy mishap his misery, the pricking of thy finger the piercing of his heart." (Euphues)
185:(1580). Both works illustrated the intellectual fashions and favourite themes of Renaissance society— in a highly artificial and mannered style. The plots are unimportant, existing merely as structural elements on which to display conversations, discourses and letters mostly concerning the subject of love. Its essential features had already appeared in such works as
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267:"But alas Euphues, what truth can there be found in a traveller? What stay in a stranger? Whose words and bodies both watch but for a wind, whose feet are ever fleeting, whose faith plighted on the shore, is turned to perjury when they hoist sail". (Lucilla to Euphues).
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Euphuism was not particular to
Britain, nor a manifestation of some social structure or artistic opportunity unique to that country. There were equivalents in other major European languages, each of which was called by a different name:
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The euphuistic sentence followed principles of balance and antithesis to their extremes, purposely using the latter regardless of sense. John Lyly set up three basic structural principles:
252:"Time hath weaned me from my mother's teat, and age rid me from my father's correction". (Lucilla, considering her father's reaction in abandoning her fiance Philanthus for Euphues).
262:"As they be hard to be won without trial of great faith, so are they hard to be lost without great cause of fickleness". (Euphues to Lucilla on the quality of 'fervency' in women).
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122:. Classical learning and remote knowledge of all kinds are displayed. Euphuism was fashionable in the 1580s, especially in the
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110:. It consists of a preciously ornate and sophisticated style, employing a deliberate excess of literary devices such as
234:"Is it not far better to abhor sins by the remembrance of others' faults, than by repentance of thine own follies?" (
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the correspondence of sounds and syllables, especially between words that are already balanced against each other
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literature, and Latin tracts. Lyly perfected the distinctive rhetorical devices on which the style was based.
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Lyly's style, however, influenced
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courtesan prose became very popular throughout Europe, and whose work
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Many critics did not appreciate Lyly's deliberate excesses.
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the balance of key verbal elements in successive sentences
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satirised it in the character of Sir
Piercie Shafton in
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court. Its origins can be traced back to
Spanish writer
171:"Euphues" (εὐφυής) is the Greek for "graceful, witty".
439:. New York: George H. Doran Company. pp. 131–132.
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also made use of it, as did
Richard and Lady Anne in
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516:. London: Macmillan & Co., pp. 94–111.
454:Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Literature
327:. It was taken up by the Elizabethan writers
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106:. It takes its name from a prose romance by
367:Contemporary equivalents in other languages
236:Euphues, 1, lecture by the wise Neapolitan)
257:"A sharp sore hath a short cure" (Euphues)
87:Learn how and when to remove this message
142:, reached its peak in popularity during
102:is a peculiar mannered style of English
50:This article includes a list of general
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191:A Petite Pallace of Pettie his pleasure
27:An affected bombastic style of language
138:, translated into English in 1557 by
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497:"Euphuism in Literature and Style,"
502:Vol. L, No. 228, pp. 189–200.
56:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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466:Child, Clarence Griffin (1894).
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456:, Oxford, 1957. pp. 166/7.
436:On the Margin: Notes and Essays
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500:New Englander and Yale Review,
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136:The Clock of the Princes
30:Not to be confused with
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472:. Leipzig: A. Deichert.
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510:"Euphuism."
324:Richard III
193:(1576), in
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144:Elizabeth I
124:Elizabethan
69:introducing
541:Categories
417:References
390:préciosité
201:Principles
112:antitheses
52:references
382:Marinismo
353:defended
173:John Lyly
132:manierist
108:John Lyly
32:Euphemism
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508:(1885).
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220:Examples
164:Campaspe
100:Euphuism
18:Euphuist
448:Sources
355:Euphues
151:Euphues
65:improve
394:France
388:, and
302:Hamlet
272:Legacy
195:sermon
153:(1580)
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386:Italy
378:Spain
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