84:
2896:
1025:
457:
25:
1162:", against those with intellectual disabilities. To avoid the negative connotations of their diagnoses, students who need accommodations because of such conditions are often labeled as "special needs" instead, although the words "special" or "sped" (short for "special education") have long been schoolyard insults. As of August 2013, the
289:
Euphemisms are also used to mitigate, soften or downplay the gravity of large-scale injustices, war crimes, or other events that warrant a pattern of avoidance in official statements or documents. For instance, one reason for the comparative scarcity of written evidence documenting the exterminations
1006:, aware that the word had come to be known to mean murder, replaced that euphemism with one in which Jews would be "guided" (to their deaths) through the slave-labor and extermination camps after having been "evacuated" to their doom. Such was part of the formulation of
1708:
389:
is used as a euphemism for the medical procedure of abortion, often employed for political reasons. Many pro-abortion institutions now advocate using the term "abortion" instead of relying on euphemisms in order to earn greater social acceptance of the
1832:
he report ... cuts through the ocean of euphemism, the EITs, enhanced interrogation techniques, and all that. It gets to straight language. Torture – it's obviously torture. ... the metaphor and the euphemism is designed to dull the moral
1880:
1157:
Intellectually-disabled people were originally defined with words such as "morons" or "imbeciles", which then became commonly used insults. The medical diagnosis was changed to "mentally retarded", which morphed into the pejorative,
3740:
1974:
175:
or suggests something unpleasant. Some euphemisms are intended to amuse, while others use bland, inoffensive terms for concepts that the user wishes to downplay. Euphemisms may be used to mask profanity or refer to
1697:
2561:
1788:
In modern times, various social and political movements have introduced euphemisms, from affirmative action to political correctness to international conflicts, which are linguistically and culturally driven.
1136:" (euphemism by foreign language), which itself came to be replaced by either "African American" or "Black". Also in the United States the term "ethnic minorities" in the 2010s has been replaced by "
1869:
1175:
1599:
692:
Pleasant, positive, worthy, neutral, or nondescript terms are often substituted for explicit or unpleasant ones, with many substituted terms deliberately coined by sociopolitical movements,
1083:(a place where one dresses) had grown from widespread usage (e.g., in the United States) to being synonymous with the crude act they sought to deflect, they were sometimes replaced with
2470:
1949:
2001:
261:
Reasons for using euphemisms vary by context and intent. Commonly, euphemisms are used to avoid directly addressing subjects that might be deemed negative or embarrassing, such as
1819:
398:, meaning a preference for minorities or the historically disadvantaged, usually in employment or academic admissions. This term is sometimes said to be a euphemism for
2553:
1964:
3735:
1918:
3575:
558:
Phonetic euphemism is used to replace profanities and blasphemies, diminishing their intensity. To alter the pronunciation or spelling of a taboo word (such as a
269:, and excretory bodily functions. They may be created for innocent, well-intentioned purposes or nefariously and cynically, intentionally to deceive, confuse or
294:, relative to their sheer number, is "directives for the extermination process obscured in bureaucratic euphemisms". Another example of this is during the 2022
2531:
1893:
Let's stop resorting to euphemisms and call "enhanced interrogation techniques" — including but not limited to waterboarding — what they actually are: torture.
281:
identifies "late" as an occasionally ambiguous term, whose nature as a euphemism for dead and an adjective meaning overdue, can cause confusion in listeners.
3773:
2086:
2930:
2696:
4068:
1591:
1577:
1409:
2283:
1649:
1642:
Uglier even than human-rights abuses and more obscure even than comfort station, affirmative action is a euphemism with little to be said for it.
2197:
1449:
1431:
3723:
3560:
3410:
2460:
521:
439:" when used to evade automated online moderation techniques used on Meta and TikTok's platforms. Algospeak has been used in debate about the
2061:
1507:
3311:
1480:
493:
1941:
2500:
1809:
1775:
874:, although in French the word retains its explicit violent meaning 'a place for beating down', conveniently lost on non-French speakers.
3339:
2317:
1743:
981:
3463:
2115:
500:
1629:
4795:
3585:
3363:
2774:
2440:
2237:
2036:
1769:
1737:
973:
540:
410:
163:
68:
1679:
440:
35:
4724:
3766:
2153:
1203:
183:
such as mental or physical disability, sexual intercourse, bodily excretions, pain, violence, illness, or death in a polite way.
1352:
507:
4717:
4505:
2923:
1150:, the goddess of love, soon lost its deflective force in the post-classical education era, as "VD", which was replaced by the
4800:
2845:
2823:
2755:
2736:
2717:
2660:
2267:
1163:
671:
478:
935:
it without saying it. Over time, circumlocutions become recognized as established euphemisms for particular words or ideas.
1322:
489:
3140:
1171:
423:
1990:
3730:
1909:
1193:
1114:
4528:
3759:
3395:
2190:
1404:
1374:
965:
295:
1848:
50:
2523:
4790:
3187:
2916:
474:
303:
467:
46:
4485:
3846:
3662:
3597:
3458:
1243:
1238:
415:
852:
Expressions or words from a foreign language may be imported for use as euphemism. For example, the French word
4805:
4024:
4019:
3468:
3304:
1654:
681:
309:
Euphemisms are sometimes used to lessen the opposition to a political move. For example, according to linguist
4749:
4686:
4397:
4334:
4276:
4218:
4208:
3921:
3906:
2087:"How pro-Palestinians are using 'Algospeak' to dodge social media scrutiny and disseminate hateful rhetoric"
1472:
1399:
1167:
1151:
514:
403:
274:
273:. Euphemisms which emerge as dominant social euphemisms are often created to serve progressive causes. The
1154:"STD" (sexually transmitted disease); later, "STD" was replaced by "STI" (sexually transmitted infection).
4402:
4098:
3657:
3633:
3555:
3067:
2644:
2253:
1208:
399:
83:
1569:
4669:
4621:
4601:
4520:
4510:
4294:
4178:
3718:
3453:
3405:
2258:
1258:
1248:
365:
2414:, fabric, a form of curtain behind which washing, dressing and hair-dressing were performed (Larousse,
2375:
2291:
310:
2175:
4785:
4636:
4427:
4377:
4113:
4108:
4078:
3941:
3692:
3682:
3677:
3638:
3623:
3495:
3380:
3351:
3278:
3097:
1188:
369:
345:
4780:
4775:
4596:
4586:
4543:
4314:
4141:
4103:
3999:
3628:
3358:
3297:
3263:
3012:
2965:
2670:
1875:
1703:
1263:
1223:
1159:
1037:
Frequently, over time, euphemisms themselves become taboo words, through the linguistic process of
667:
1529:
1012:(the "Final Solution to the Jewish Question"), which became known to the outside world during the
4707:
4470:
4369:
4359:
4309:
4228:
4009:
4004:
3896:
3782:
3672:
3650:
3400:
3107:
2833:
2356:
2042:
1910:"Internet 'algospeak' is changing our language in real time, from 'nip nops' to 'le dollar bean'"
1497:
1198:
841:
394:
314:
266:
2793:
McGlone, M. S.; Beck, G.; Pfiester, R. A. (2006). "Contamination and camouflage in euphemisms".
1057:. For instance, the place of human defecation is a needy candidate for a euphemism in all eras.
406:, which suggests an intentional bias that might be legally prohibited, or otherwise unpalatable.
1146:, which associated shameful bacterial infection with a seemingly worthy ailment emanating from
4616:
4553:
4329:
4299:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4156:
4136:
3994:
3979:
3931:
3876:
3590:
3525:
3510:
3473:
3390:
3375:
3057:
3005:
3000:
2947:
2876:
2841:
2819:
2770:
2751:
2732:
2713:
2656:
2622:
2604:
2492:
2436:
2263:
2233:
2032:
1765:
1759:
1733:
1726:"Chapter 4: Affirmative Action Diversity: A Euphemism for Preferences, Quotas, and Set-asides"
1476:
1278:
1147:
995:
985:
828:
The use of a term with a softer connotation, though it shares the same meaning. For instance,
1725:
984:": the person sentenced would be shot soon after conviction. As early as 1939, Nazi official
4754:
4578:
4558:
4460:
4422:
4407:
4198:
4173:
4047:
4029:
3989:
3886:
3801:
3687:
3370:
2939:
2868:
2802:
2612:
2596:
2348:
2313:
2123:
2062:"Pro-Palestinian creators use secret spellings, code words to evade social media algorithms"
2024:
1143:
1013:
1003:
990:
697:
131:
240:
is a reference to the female Greek spirit of words of praise and positivity, etc. The term
4744:
4729:
4674:
4495:
4271:
4118:
4093:
4058:
3901:
3618:
3565:
3540:
3530:
3515:
3448:
3438:
3346:
3334:
3236:
2016:
1619:
1213:
1137:
1038:
610:
236:
2690:
1671:
4810:
4626:
4490:
4475:
4437:
4417:
4354:
4193:
4168:
4073:
3956:
3936:
3891:
3869:
2856:
2617:
2584:
1502:
1253:
1232:
1129:
1008:
957:
928:
896:('little pony') for vessel for anal washing. Ironically, although in English physical "
870:
655:
299:
245:
195:
2895:
2145:
1965:"'Mascara,' 'Unalive,' 'Corn': What Common Social Media Algospeak Words Actually Mean"
1314:
4769:
4734:
4691:
4500:
4480:
4319:
4063:
3911:
3816:
3702:
3385:
3246:
3042:
2705:
2648:
2046:
1624:
1344:
1054:
999:
998:
of persons viewed as "disciplinary problems" by the Nazis even before commencing the
749:
731:
106:
95:
2900:
248:; with the meaning "to keep a holy silence" (speaking well by not speaking at all).
4739:
4659:
4654:
4538:
4382:
4324:
4304:
3811:
3580:
3535:
3433:
3428:
3256:
3160:
3077:
2970:
2955:
2428:
1814:
1273:
1113:
appears to have originally been a euphemism for defecation in Pre-Germanic, as the
1033:
is an example of a once-innocuous euphemism that has become outdated and offensive.
961:
876:
781:
115:
2585:"What's in a name? Attitudes surrounding the use of the term 'mental retardation'"
2399:
The Honest Jakes or Privy has graduated via
Offices to the final horror of Toilet.
1810:"Shields and Brooks on the CIA interrogation report, spending bill sticking point"
1024:
4631:
4591:
4442:
4349:
4344:
4213:
4203:
4188:
4014:
3984:
3966:
3831:
3645:
3570:
3520:
3490:
3483:
3443:
3145:
3130:
3125:
3017:
2980:
2960:
2229:
A Question of
Torture: CIA Interrogation, from the Cold War to the War on Terror
2227:
1551:
1228:
977:
953:
949:
944:
932:
924:
882:
701:
676:
568:
456:
380:
Using a euphemism can in itself be controversial, as in the following examples:
4712:
4611:
4568:
4533:
4452:
4392:
4286:
4223:
4042:
3926:
3916:
3841:
3826:
3821:
3796:
3667:
3602:
3545:
3320:
3273:
3177:
3150:
3082:
3072:
3052:
3027:
2975:
2806:
2583:
Nash, Chris; Hawkins, Ann; Kawchuk, Janet; Shea, Sarah E. (17 February 2012).
1861:
Enhanced interrogation has always been a kind of handy euphemism (for torture)
1293:
1283:
1218:
1042:
897:
618:
559:
419:
180:
177:
2880:
2608:
16:
Innocuous word or expression used in place of one that may be found offensive
4432:
4412:
4387:
4266:
4238:
4151:
3974:
3836:
3806:
3500:
3204:
3165:
3155:
3047:
3037:
3032:
3022:
2990:
2985:
2859:(2021). "When Humour Questions Taboo: A Typology of Twisted Euphemism Use".
2784:
2028:
1288:
693:
436:
340:
291:
270:
172:
2626:
2201:
350:, in order to lessen the opposition of right-wing Israelis to such a move.
2600:
2554:"Change in Terminology: 'Mental Retardation' to 'Intellectual Disability'"
1840:
1045:, which University of Oregon linguist Sharon Henderson Taylor dubbed the "
339:('withdrawal'), to refer to the stages in the Israeli withdrawal from the
4563:
4339:
4163:
4146:
4083:
3946:
3864:
3856:
3241:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3194:
3170:
3135:
3120:
3115:
3087:
3062:
2995:
2872:
2091:
1942:"What is 'algospeak'? Inside the newest version of linguistic subterfuge"
900:" are almost always described with euphemism, in French the English word
806:
765:
385:
171:) is an innocuous word or expression used in place of one that is deemed
88:
4679:
4664:
4548:
4465:
4183:
3951:
3881:
3697:
3505:
3216:
3209:
2360:
2191:
Return of
Rongelapese to their Home Island – Note by the Secretary
1991:"From Camping to Cheese Pizza, 'Algospeak' is Taking over Social Media"
969:
728:
626:
210:) which refers to the use of 'words of good omen'; it is a compound of
956:
expressions. For example, in the past, the US military used the term "
4606:
3751:
3268:
3092:
2105:
although properly pronounced in upper-class
British-English "barkley"
1996:
1969:
1079:
614:
110:
101:
2908:
2352:
1650:"Affirmative Action: A Euphemism for Racial Profiling by Government"
53:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
2840:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 678.
1375:"Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, φήμη"
4646:
4246:
3550:
3199:
1698:"The Supreme Court tangles over euphemisms for affirmative action"
1170:". Since 2012, that change in terminology has been adopted by the
1133:
1029:
1023:
892:
823:
262:
82:
1808:
Brooks, David; Shields, Mark; Woodruff, Judy (12 December 2014).
1761:
A Journalist's Guide to Live Direct and
Unbiased News Translation
4128:
2689:
1724:
Raza, M. Ali; Janell
Anderson, A.; Custred, Harry Glynn (1999).
1109:
740:
605:
3755:
3293:
2912:
2339:
Henderson Taylor, Sharon (1974). "Terms for Low
Intelligence".
711:
for 'slaughterhouse' (avoids entirely the subject of killing);
3251:
2653:
Euphemism & Dysphemism: Language Used as Shield and Weapon
2465:
1268:
976:". An effective death sentence in the Soviet Union during the
645:('fuck'), etc. Also, the letter can be phonetically respelled.
450:
302:, in his speech starting the invasion, called the invasion a "
18:
3289:
1176:
disability-related euphemisms that have negative connotations
931:, is one of the most common: to "speak around" a given word,
229:
223:
217:
211:
205:
199:
155:
1061:
is an 18th-century euphemism, replacing the older euphemism
670:" is a notorious British euphemism for "drunk", one of many
137:
1128:
Another example in
American English is the replacement of "
143:
2232:. New York: Metropolitan / Owl Book / Henry Holt and Co.
2017:"How Algorithm Awareness Impacts Algospeak Use on TikTok"
1553:
Language
Contact and Lexical Enrichment in Israeli Hebrew
149:
2748:
How Not to Say What You Mean: A Dictionary of
Euphemisms
603:('oh shit'). This is also referred to as a minced oath.
426:
and elsewhere an effort to "dull the moral sensibility".
1099:(a place where one applies facial cosmetics). The form
42:
2262:. Vol. I. New York: Harper Perennial. p. 6.
1174:
and the medical industry at large. There are numerous
1095:(a place where one rests) or even by the extreme form
2015:
Klug, Daniel; Steen, Ella; Yurechko, Kathryn (2023).
890:(French for 'shower') for vaginal irrigation device;
164:
152:
140:
2021:
Companion Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2023
1119:
4700:
4645:
4577:
4519:
4451:
4368:
4285:
4237:
4127:
4038:
3965:
3855:
3789:
3711:
3611:
3421:
3327:
3106:
2946:
1841:"Transcript of interview with CIA director Panetta"
1730:
The Ups and Downs of Affirmative Action Preferences
1432:"How strategic lingo swallowed progressive thought"
1065:, which in turn replaced the even older euphemisms
904:is used as a euphemism for their problematic words
481:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
414:is a euphemism for torture. For example, columnist
328:(literally 'beatings (of the heart)'), rather than
146:
134:
1989:
1908:
1868:
1696:
1550:
613:and popularised outside of Ireland by the British
91:drugstore using common euphemisms for (from top):
2816:A Dictionary of Euphemism & Other Doublespeak
2789:. ISSN: 0363-3659. LCCN: 77649633. OCLC: 3188018.
2729:Class: A Guide Through the American Status System
2461:"Why We Have So Many Terms for 'People of Color'"
1870:"America must atone for the torture it inflicted"
1648:Custred, Glynn & Campbell, Tom (2 May 2001).
1596:Planned Parenthood Advocacy Fund of Massachusetts
1125:, from which it was derived, meant 'to cut off'.
2787:: The International Journal of Verbal Aggression
1073:. In the 20th century, where the old euphemisms
1049:" in 1974, also frequently referred to as the "
858:was sometimes used instead of the English word
792:for 'defecation' and 'urination', respectively)
734:may serve the same purpose: to call a person a
356:was thus used as a euphemism for 'withdrawal'.
952:frequently spawn euphemisms intentionally, as
738:sounds less offensive than to call a person a
3767:
3305:
2924:
2314:"Wannsee Conference and the 'Final Solution'"
1839:Williams, Brian; Panetta, Leon (3 May 2011).
1166:replaced the term "mental retardation" with "
418:called the use of this term for practices at
234:), meaning 'prophetic speech; rumour, talk'.
8:
1764:. Writescope Publishers. 2010. p. 195.
911:
905:
863:
853:
609:is a minced oath for 'fuck', originating in
351:
334:
329:
323:
318:
2767:Euphemania: Our Love Affair with Euphemisms
2677:(in French). Vol. 1. pp. 308–314.
2176:"HANDICAP in French - Cambridge Dictionary"
1545:
1543:
576:Shortening or "clipping" the term, such as
3774:
3760:
3752:
3312:
3298:
3290:
2931:
2917:
2909:
2524:"The Rise and Fall of 'Mentally Retarded'"
2454:
2452:
2433:From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic
1988:Levine, Alexandra S. (19 September 2022).
1732:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 75.
368:, in which case its goal is to change the
2616:
541:Learn how and when to remove this message
435:The use of euphemism online is known as "
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
1450:"THE MORAL CASE AGAINST EQUITY LANGUAGE"
633:('son of a bitch'). Sometimes, the word
1306:
2684:. Vol. I. 1949. pp. 116–122.
2673:. "Euphémismes anciens and modernes".
2198:United States Atomic Energy Commission
1822:from the original on 16 September 2017
1602:from the original on 29 February 2024.
1580:from the original on 27 December 2023.
1107:, is a less deflective form. The word
674:popularized by the satirical magazine
244:itself was used as a euphemism by the
2818:(second ed.). Crown Publishers.
2731:. Touchstone / Simon & Schuster.
2503:from the original on 25 February 2022
2473:from the original on 12 December 2019
2004:from the original on 31 October 2023.
1977:from the original on 1 November 2023.
1952:from the original on 6 February 2024.
1921:from the original on 20 December 2023
1530:"Year in a word: 'Special operation'"
1325:from the original on 4 September 2012
554:Pronunciation (phonetic modification)
490:"euphemism" phonetic deformation
317:used the neutral Hebrew lexical item
7:
2700:. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). 1911.
2534:from the original on 7 December 2020
2493:"STI vs. STD: Overcoming the Stigma"
1632:from the original on 3 February 2014
1496:Ryback, Timothy (15 November 1993).
1231:(often called bowdlerization, after
1000:systematic extermination of the Jews
980:often used the clause "imprisonment
479:adding citations to reliable sources
2416:Dictionnaire de la langue française
1963:Tellez, Anthony (31 January 2023).
1867:Pickering, Thomas (16 April 2013).
1355:from the original on 7 January 2014
680:; it has been used by MPs to avoid
330:
319:
2675:Problèmes de linguistique générale
1883:from the original on 19 April 2013
1851:from the original on 15 April 2022
1746:from the original on 25 April 2016
1412:from the original on 20 March 2015
562:) to form a euphemism is known as
14:
2564:from the original on 8 March 2021
2397:. Faber & Faber. p. 19.
2320:from the original on 10 July 2018
2156:from the original on 13 June 2017
1940:Kreuz, Roger J. (13 April 2023).
1695:Will, George F. (25 April 2014).
1682:from the original on 6 March 2013
1510:from the original on 18 June 2018
974:enhanced interrogation techniques
2894:
2418:, "Lexis", Paris, 1979, p. 1891)
2376:"Opinion | The Game of the Name"
2189:McCool, W.C. (6 February 1957).
1711:from the original on 26 May 2015
1204:Distinction without a difference
832:is a euphemism for 'fucked up';
455:
130:
23:
4418:Party platforms (or manifestos)
2459:Demby, Gene (7 November 2014).
2374:Pinker, Steven (5 April 1994).
1907:Lorenz, Taylor (8 April 2022).
1778:from the original on 3 May 2016
1091:(a place where one washes), or
1077:(a place where one washes) and
982:without right to correspondence
466:needs additional citations for
2589:Paediatrics & Child Health
2395:On Learning the English Tongue
2060:Nix, Naomi (20 October 2023).
1164:Social Security Administration
994:("special treatment") to mean
572:. Such modifications include:
1:
2899:The dictionary definition of
2242:– via Internet Archive.
2116:"definition of 'berk'/'burk'"
1670:Bayan, Rick (December 2009).
1172:National Institutes of Health
222:), meaning 'good, well', and
4506:Rally 'round the flag effect
2522:Hodges, Rick (1 July 2020).
2393:Bell, Vicars Walker (1953).
1194:Code word (figure of speech)
1087:(a place where one bathes),
813:for 'men's restroom/toilet')
441:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
224:
212:
200:
2750:. Oxford University Press.
2712:. Oxford University Press.
2655:. Oxford University Press.
2435:. Oxford University Press.
1405:Online Etymology Dictionary
1319:Webster's Online Dictionary
966:Central Intelligence Agency
641:is added after it, such as
587:Mispronunciations, such as
364:Euphemism may be used as a
352:
343:
335:
324:
296:Russian invasion of Ukraine
49:the claims made and adding
4827:
2861:Pragmatics & Cognition
1570:"The euphemism imperative"
1568:Lowry, Rich (2 May 2013).
1120:
942:
920:Periphrasis/circumlocution
821:
304:special military operation
298:, where Russian President
230:
218:
206:
3847:Manipulation (psychology)
2807:10.1080/03637750600794296
2679:Originally published in:
2226:McCoy, Alfred W. (2006).
1239:Framing (social sciences)
629:as replacements, such as
313:, Israeli Prime Minister
4796:Linguistic controversies
4025:Criticism of advertising
3469:Content-control software
2795:Communication Monographs
2769:. Little, Brown and Co.
2146:"Definition of enceinte"
1655:Investors Business Daily
1469:Dictionary of Euphemisms
1115:Proto-Indo-European root
1009:Endlösung der Judenfrage
723:for 'fired/sacked', etc.
704:initiatives, including:
682:unparliamentary language
666:for consuming alcohol. "
279:Dictionary of Euphemisms
4687:Promotional merchandise
4398:Character assassination
4335:Narcotizing dysfunction
4209:Photograph manipulation
3922:Guerrilla communication
3724:Chinese issues overseas
2697:Encyclopædia Britannica
2284:"Holocaust-history.org"
2254:Solzhenitsyn, Alexander
2029:10.1145/3543873.3587355
1473:Oxford University Press
1400:"'Euphemism' Etymology"
1168:intellectual disability
1152:three-letter initialism
960:" for contamination by
654:Euphemisms formed from
404:positive discrimination
275:Oxford University Press
4670:Product demonstrations
4099:Historical negationism
3698:Suppression of dissent
2746:Holder, R. W. (2003).
2727:Fussell, Paul (1983).
1802:Enhanced interrogation
1467:Holder, R. W. (2008).
1209:Dog whistle (politics)
1034:
912:
906:
864:
854:
411:Enhanced interrogation
400:reverse discrimination
121:
4801:Propaganda techniques
4602:Reputation management
4521:Psychological warfare
4370:Political campaigning
4179:Firehose of falsehood
3464:Conspiracy of silence
3454:Collateral censorship
3391:Speech and expression
2855:Heidepeter, Philipp;
2814:Rawson, Hugh (1995).
2765:Keyes, Ralph (2010).
2288:Holocaust-History.org
2259:The Gulag Archipelago
1379:www.perseus.tufts.edu
1259:Political correctness
1249:Persuasive definition
1103:, often shortened to
1027:
968:refers to systematic
86:
4637:Corporate propaganda
3741:Muhammad controversy
3678:Naturalistic fallacy
3586:computer and network
2873:10.1075/pc.20027.hei
2207:on 25 September 2007
2023:. pp. 234–237.
1672:"Affirmative Action"
1189:Call a spade a spade
964:. The United States
962:radioactive isotopes
840:are euphemisms for '
752:, which rhymes with
709:meat packing company
475:improve this article
346:Wye River Memorandum
178:topics some consider
4725:Media concentration
4597:Non-apology apology
4587:Cult of personality
4315:Emotive conjugation
4069:Burying of scholars
3736:Internet censorship
3264:Rhetorical question
2834:Smyth, Herbert Weir
2601:10.1093/pch/17.2.71
2066:The Washington Post
1915:The Washington Post
1876:The Washington Post
1704:The Washington Post
1592:"Just say abortion"
1536:. 29 December 2022.
1436:Washington Examiner
1264:Political euphemism
1224:Emotive conjugation
1051:euphemism treadmill
778:jerkin' the gherkin
668:Tired and emotional
386:Reproductive health
366:rhetorical strategy
4708:Influence-for-hire
4501:National mythology
4471:Crowd manipulation
4360:Tabloid journalism
4229:Video manipulation
4174:Fictitious entries
3897:Civil disobedience
3783:Media manipulation
3673:Moralistic fallacy
3411:banned video games
2380:The New York Times
2120:Collins Dictionary
2095:. 23 October 2023.
1613:Affirmative action
1498:"Evidence of Evil"
1199:Dead Parrot sketch
1035:
842:sexual intercourse
584:('what the hell').
395:Affirmative action
372:of a description.
315:Benjamin Netanyahu
311:Ghil'ad Zuckermann
122:
34:possibly contains
4791:Figures of speech
4763:
4762:
4529:Airborne leaflets
4408:Election promises
4262:Product placement
4137:Alternative facts
3877:Alternative media
3749:
3748:
3731:Freedom of speech
3576:Strategic lawsuit
3526:National intranet
3474:Damnatio memoriae
3287:
3286:
3058:Hysteron proteron
2940:Figures of speech
2691:"Euphemism"
2671:Benveniste, Émile
2560:. 1 August 2013.
2497:PowerToDecide.org
1628:. 10 March 2013.
1279:Spin (propaganda)
996:summary execution
986:Reinhard Heydrich
774:choke the chicken
727:Some examples of
564:taboo deformation
551:
550:
543:
525:
447:Formation methods
402:, or, in the UK,
376:Controversial use
79:
78:
71:
36:original research
4818:
4755:Media proprietor
4579:Public relations
4559:Public diplomacy
4544:Information (IT)
4423:Name recognition
4048:Media regulation
4030:Annoyance factor
3887:Call-out culture
3802:Crowd psychology
3776:
3769:
3762:
3753:
3688:Propaganda model
3328:Media regulation
3314:
3307:
3300:
3291:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2910:
2898:
2884:
2851:
2829:
2810:
2780:
2761:
2742:
2723:
2701:
2693:
2685:
2678:
2666:
2631:
2630:
2620:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2558:Federal Register
2550:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2456:
2447:
2446:
2425:
2419:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2347:(3/4): 197–207.
2336:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2290:. Archived from
2280:
2274:
2273:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2206:
2200:. Archived from
2195:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2122:. Archived from
2112:
2106:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2012:
2006:
2005:
1993:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1946:The Conversation
1937:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1912:
1904:
1898:
1895:
1890:
1888:
1872:
1863:
1858:
1856:
1835:
1829:
1827:
1799:
1793:
1790:
1785:
1783:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1700:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1676:The New Moderate
1666:
1664:
1662:
1644:
1639:
1637:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1598:. 14 June 2021.
1588:
1582:
1581:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1547:
1538:
1537:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1482:978-0-19-9235179
1464:
1458:
1457:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1396:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1345:"euphemism (n.)"
1341:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1311:
1144:Venereal disease
1123:
1122:
1053:", as coined by
1014:Nuremberg Trials
1004:Heinrich Himmler
991:Sonderbehandlung
915:
909:
886:, adds glamour;
867:
857:
799:for 'buttocks',
698:public relations
546:
539:
535:
532:
526:
524:
483:
459:
451:
355:
349:
338:
333:
332:
327:
322:
321:
233:
232:
227:
221:
220:
215:
209:
208:
203:
167:
162:
161:
158:
157:
154:
151:
148:
145:
142:
139:
136:
74:
67:
63:
60:
54:
51:inline citations
27:
26:
19:
4826:
4825:
4821:
4820:
4819:
4817:
4816:
4815:
4806:Self-censorship
4766:
4765:
4764:
4759:
4750:Media influence
4745:Media franchise
4730:Media democracy
4696:
4641:
4573:
4515:
4496:Loaded language
4447:
4364:
4281:
4233:
4123:
4052:
4034:
3961:
3902:Culture jamming
3851:
3785:
3780:
3750:
3745:
3707:
3607:
3566:Self-censorship
3541:Prior restraint
3531:Newspaper theft
3516:Internet police
3449:Chilling effect
3439:Broadcast delay
3417:
3323:
3318:
3288:
3283:
3237:Personification
3102:
2942:
2937:
2891:
2857:Reutner, Ursula
2854:
2848:
2832:
2826:
2813:
2792:
2777:
2764:
2758:
2745:
2739:
2726:
2720:
2704:
2688:
2680:
2669:
2663:
2643:
2640:
2638:Further reading
2635:
2634:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2567:
2565:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2537:
2535:
2521:
2520:
2516:
2506:
2504:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2476:
2474:
2458:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2409:
2405:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2373:
2372:
2368:
2353:10.2307/3087798
2341:American Speech
2338:
2337:
2333:
2323:
2321:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2297:
2295:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2270:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2240:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2193:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2159:
2157:
2150:Merriam-Webster
2144:
2143:
2139:
2129:
2127:
2126:on 27 July 2014
2114:
2113:
2109:
2104:
2100:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2070:
2068:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2039:
2014:
2013:
2009:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1924:
1922:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1886:
1884:
1866:
1854:
1852:
1838:
1825:
1823:
1807:
1800:
1796:
1781:
1779:
1772:
1758:
1749:
1747:
1740:
1723:
1714:
1712:
1694:
1685:
1683:
1669:
1660:
1658:
1647:
1635:
1633:
1618:
1611:
1607:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1549:
1548:
1541:
1534:Financial Times
1528:
1527:
1523:
1513:
1511:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1483:
1475:. p. 242.
1466:
1465:
1461:
1456:. 2 March 2023.
1448:
1447:
1443:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1415:
1413:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1383:
1381:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1358:
1356:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1328:
1326:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1214:Double entendre
1184:
1138:people of color
1063:house-of-office
1047:euphemism cycle
1039:semantic change
1022:
947:
941:
922:
850:
826:
820:
803:for 'cannabis')
762:
719:for 'bastard';
690:
672:recurring jokes
656:understatements
652:
611:Hiberno-English
591:('oh my God'),
556:
547:
536:
530:
527:
484:
482:
472:
460:
449:
433:
378:
362:
287:
259:
254:
194:comes from the
189:
165:
133:
129:
120:
75:
64:
58:
55:
40:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4824:
4822:
4814:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4768:
4767:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4721:
4720:
4710:
4704:
4702:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4683:
4682:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4651:
4649:
4643:
4642:
4640:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4627:Understatement
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4583:
4581:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4525:
4523:
4517:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4491:Indoctrination
4488:
4483:
4478:
4476:Disinformation
4473:
4468:
4463:
4457:
4455:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4445:
4440:
4438:Smear campaign
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4374:
4372:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4362:
4357:
4355:Sensationalism
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4295:Agenda-setting
4291:
4289:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4243:
4241:
4235:
4234:
4232:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4169:False document
4166:
4161:
4160:
4159:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4133:
4131:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4074:Catch and kill
4071:
4066:
4061:
4055:
4053:
4051:
4050:
4045:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3971:
3969:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3907:Demonstrations
3904:
3899:
3894:
3892:Cancel culture
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3861:
3859:
3853:
3852:
3850:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3786:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3771:
3764:
3756:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3727:
3726:
3715:
3713:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3654:
3653:
3643:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3621:
3615:
3613:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3603:Word filtering
3600:
3595:
3594:
3593:
3588:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3511:Heckler's veto
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3425:
3423:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3356:
3355:
3354:
3344:
3343:
3342:
3331:
3329:
3325:
3324:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3309:
3302:
3294:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3207:
3197:
3192:
3191:
3190:
3180:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3112:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3009:
3008:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2952:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2890:
2889:External links
2887:
2886:
2885:
2867:(1): 138–166.
2852:
2846:
2830:
2824:
2811:
2801:(3): 261–282.
2790:
2781:
2775:
2762:
2756:
2743:
2737:
2724:
2718:
2710:Fair of Speech
2706:Enright, D. J.
2702:
2686:
2667:
2661:
2649:Burridge, Kate
2639:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2575:
2545:
2514:
2484:
2448:
2441:
2420:
2403:
2385:
2366:
2331:
2305:
2294:on 28 May 2013
2275:
2268:
2245:
2238:
2218:
2181:
2167:
2137:
2107:
2098:
2078:
2052:
2037:
2007:
1980:
1955:
1932:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1864:
1836:
1804:as euphemism:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1770:
1756:
1738:
1721:
1692:
1667:
1645:
1615:as euphemism:
1605:
1583:
1560:
1557:. p. 181.
1539:
1521:
1503:The New Yorker
1488:
1481:
1459:
1441:
1438:. 19 May 2023.
1423:
1391:
1366:
1349:Etymonline.com
1336:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1254:Polite fiction
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1233:Thomas Bowdler
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1130:colored people
1021:
1018:
988:used the term
958:sunshine units
943:Main article:
940:
937:
929:circumlocution
921:
918:
871:slaughterhouse
849:
846:
819:
816:
815:
814:
804:
793:
761:
758:
725:
724:
689:
686:
651:
650:Understatement
648:
647:
646:
623:
585:
580:('Jesus') and
555:
552:
549:
548:
463:
461:
454:
448:
445:
432:
429:
428:
427:
424:Guantanamo Bay
407:
391:
377:
374:
361:
358:
300:Vladimir Putin
286:
283:
258:
255:
253:
250:
246:ancient Greeks
188:
185:
119:
118:
113:
107:menstrual pads
104:
98:
96:contraceptives
92:
77:
76:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4823:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4773:
4771:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4735:Media ecology
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4719:
4718:United States
4716:
4715:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4705:
4703:
4699:
4693:
4692:Telemarketing
4690:
4688:
4685:
4681:
4678:
4677:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
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4608:
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4527:
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4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4481:Fearmongering
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4458:
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4454:
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4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4320:False balance
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4288:
4284:
4278:
4277:Word of mouth
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
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4230:
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4225:
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4138:
4135:
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4097:
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4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
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4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
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4064:Broadcast law
4062:
4060:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4031:
4028:
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4023:
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4018:
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4013:
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4008:
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4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
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3970:
3968:
3964:
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3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3912:Deplatforming
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3866:
3863:
3862:
3860:
3858:
3854:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3817:False balance
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3788:
3784:
3777:
3772:
3770:
3765:
3763:
3758:
3757:
3754:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3725:
3722:
3721:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3710:
3704:
3703:Systemic bias
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
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3617:
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3614:
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3604:
3601:
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3596:
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3584:
3583:
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3557:
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3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
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3502:
3499:
3497:
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3489:
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3482:
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3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3396:Student media
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3365:
3364:circumvention
3362:
3361:
3360:
3357:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3345:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3315:
3310:
3308:
3303:
3301:
3296:
3295:
3292:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3247:Procatalepsis
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3172:
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3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
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3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
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3129:
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3122:
3119:
3117:
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3111:
3109:
3105:
3099:
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3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3043:Homeoteleuton
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3007:
3004:
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2999:
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2987:
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2949:
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2941:
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2927:
2922:
2920:
2915:
2914:
2911:
2905:at Wiktionary
2904:
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2882:
2878:
2874:
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2862:
2858:
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2849:
2843:
2839:
2838:Greek Grammar
2835:
2831:
2827:
2821:
2817:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2791:
2788:
2786:
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2776:9780316056564
2772:
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2654:
2650:
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2628:
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2606:
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2598:
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2590:
2586:
2579:
2576:
2563:
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2529:
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2498:
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2488:
2485:
2472:
2468:
2467:
2462:
2455:
2453:
2449:
2444:
2442:9780199552290
2438:
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2255:
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2241:
2239:9780805082487
2235:
2231:
2230:
2222:
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2203:
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2082:
2079:
2067:
2063:
2056:
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2048:
2044:
2040:
2038:9781450394192
2034:
2030:
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2018:
2011:
2008:
2003:
1999:
1998:
1992:
1984:
1981:
1976:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1959:
1956:
1951:
1947:
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1936:
1933:
1920:
1916:
1911:
1903:
1900:
1894:
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1771:9780957751187
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1739:9780275967130
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1631:
1627:
1626:
1625:The Economist
1621:
1620:"Style Guide"
1617:
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1609:
1606:
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1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1081:
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1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1055:Steven Pinker
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
992:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
950:Bureaucracies
946:
938:
936:
934:
930:
926:
919:
917:
914:
908:
903:
899:
895:
894:
889:
885:
884:
879:
878:
873:
872:
866:
861:
856:
848:Foreign words
847:
845:
843:
839:
835:
831:
825:
817:
812:
808:
805:
802:
798:
795:Comparisons (
794:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
770:beat the meat
767:
764:
763:
759:
757:
755:
751:
750:Berkeley Hunt
748:is short for
747:
743:
742:
737:
733:
732:rhyming slang
730:
722:
718:
714:
713:natural issue
710:
707:
706:
705:
703:
699:
695:
687:
685:
683:
679:
678:
673:
669:
665:
662:for dead and
661:
657:
649:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
621:
620:
616:
612:
608:
607:
602:
598:
595:('fucking'),
594:
590:
586:
583:
579:
575:
574:
573:
571:
570:
565:
561:
553:
545:
542:
534:
531:December 2021
523:
520:
516:
513:
509:
506:
502:
499:
495:
492: –
491:
487:
486:Find sources:
480:
476:
470:
469:
464:This article
462:
458:
453:
452:
446:
444:
442:
438:
430:
425:
421:
417:
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408:
405:
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359:
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127:
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116:adult diapers
114:
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99:
97:
94:
93:
90:
85:
81:
73:
70:
62:
52:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
21:
20:
4740:Media ethics
4660:Door-to-door
4655:Cold calling
4632:Weasel words
4539:Fifth column
4433:Push polling
4383:Astroturfing
4345:Pseudo-event
4325:Infotainment
4300:Broadcasting
4219:Urban legend
4142:April Fools'
4088:
4015:Testimonials
3985:Infomercials
3812:Dumbing down
3598:Whitewashing
3581:Surveillance
3561:Sanitization
3536:Pixelization
3478:
3434:Book burning
3352:banned films
3340:books banned
3257:Antanaclasis
3182:
3161:Epanorthosis
3078:Polysyndeton
2971:Antimetabole
2956:Alliteration
2901:
2864:
2860:
2837:
2815:
2798:
2794:
2783:
2766:
2747:
2728:
2709:
2695:
2681:
2674:
2652:
2645:Allan, Keith
2595:(2): 71–74.
2592:
2588:
2578:
2566:. Retrieved
2557:
2548:
2536:. Retrieved
2527:
2517:
2505:. Retrieved
2496:
2487:
2475:. Retrieved
2464:
2432:
2423:
2415:
2411:
2406:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2379:
2369:
2344:
2340:
2334:
2322:. Retrieved
2308:
2296:. Retrieved
2292:the original
2287:
2278:
2257:
2248:
2228:
2221:
2209:. Retrieved
2202:the original
2184:
2170:
2158:. Retrieved
2149:
2140:
2128:. Retrieved
2124:the original
2119:
2110:
2101:
2090:
2081:
2069:. Retrieved
2065:
2055:
2020:
2010:
1995:
1983:
1968:
1958:
1945:
1935:
1923:. Retrieved
1914:
1902:
1892:
1885:. Retrieved
1874:
1860:
1853:. Retrieved
1844:
1833:sensibility.
1831:
1824:. Retrieved
1815:PBS Newshour
1813:
1801:
1797:
1787:
1780:. Retrieved
1760:
1748:. Retrieved
1729:
1713:. Retrieved
1702:
1684:. Retrieved
1675:
1659:. Retrieved
1653:
1641:
1634:. Retrieved
1623:
1612:
1608:
1595:
1586:
1573:
1563:
1552:
1533:
1524:
1512:. Retrieved
1501:
1491:
1468:
1462:
1454:The Atlantic
1453:
1444:
1435:
1426:
1414:. Retrieved
1403:
1394:
1382:. Retrieved
1378:
1369:
1357:. Retrieved
1348:
1339:
1327:. Retrieved
1318:
1309:
1274:Sexual slang
1244:Minimisation
1156:
1142:
1127:
1118:
1108:
1104:
1101:water closet
1100:
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877:Entrepreneur
875:
869:
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782:masturbation
777:
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691:
688:Substitution
675:
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599:('damn') or
596:
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588:
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528:
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511:
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497:
485:
473:Please help
468:verification
465:
434:
416:David Brooks
409:
393:
384:
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308:
288:
278:
260:
241:
235:
191:
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125:
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80:
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56:
33:
4786:Connotation
4612:Sound bites
4592:Doublespeak
4443:Wedge issue
4403:Dog whistle
4378:Advertising
4204:Lying press
4189:Gaslighting
3967:Advertising
3942:Occupations
3832:Obfuscation
3822:Half-truths
3663:LGBT issues
3658:Ideological
3646:Hate speech
3571:Speech code
3556:Revisionism
3521:Memory hole
3491:Expurgation
3484:Minced oath
3444:Censor bars
3406:Video games
3146:Catachresis
3131:Antonomasia
3126:Antiphrasis
3068:Parallelism
3018:Epanalepsis
2981:Aposiopesis
2961:Anadiplosis
2682:Die Sprache
2538:13 February
2507:25 February
2477:12 December
1826:14 December
1315:"Euphemism"
1229:Expurgation
1097:powder room
1067:privy-house
978:Great Purge
954:doublespeak
945:Doublespeak
939:Doublespeak
925:Periphrasis
883:businessman
790:take a leak
786:take a dump
702:advertising
677:Private Eye
569:minced oath
59:August 2021
4781:Censorship
4776:Euphemisms
4770:Categories
4713:Media bias
4569:Subversion
4534:False flag
4511:Techniques
4453:Propaganda
4413:Lawn signs
4393:Canvassing
4287:News media
4043:Censorship
3975:Billboards
3927:Hacktivism
3917:Grassroots
3842:Persuasion
3719:Censorship
3712:By country
3668:Media bias
3546:Propaganda
3321:Censorship
3274:Synecdoche
3178:Dysphemism
3151:Ecphonesis
3141:Apostrophe
3083:Spoonerism
3073:Polyptoton
3053:Hyperbaton
3028:Epistrophe
3013:Consonance
2976:Antithesis
2847:0674362500
2825:0517702010
2757:0198607628
2738:0671792253
2719:0192830600
2662:0735102880
2429:Ringe, Don
2269:006092103X
2211:7 November
2196:(Report).
2071:26 October
1925:26 October
1782:27 October
1750:27 October
1514:1 December
1301:References
1294:Word taboo
1284:Statistext
1219:Dysphemism
1043:pejoration
913:invalidité
830:screwed up
822:See also:
811:men's room
717:love child
619:Father Ted
589:oh my gosh
560:swear word
501:newspapers
420:Abu Ghraib
390:procedure.
285:Mitigation
168:-fə-miz-əm
87:Sign in a
43:improve it
4675:Promotion
4554:Political
4461:Bandwagon
4388:Attack ad
4267:Publicity
4239:Marketing
4152:Fake news
4114:Religious
4109:Political
4089:Euphemism
4084:Cover-ups
4079:Corporate
3947:Petitions
3837:Orwellian
3807:Deception
3693:Religious
3624:Corporate
3501:Gag order
3479:Euphemism
3459:Concision
3279:Tautology
3205:Apophasis
3183:Euphemism
3166:Hyperbole
3156:Ekphrasis
3048:Hypallage
3038:Hendiadys
3033:Epizeuxis
3023:Epiphrase
2991:Asyndeton
2986:Assonance
2902:euphemism
2881:0929-0907
2785:Maledicta
2609:1205-7088
2047:258377709
1855:21 August
1359:7 January
1289:Word play
1071:bog-house
1041:known as
1020:Lifespan
907:infirmité
898:handicaps
766:Metaphors
744:, though
694:marketing
582:what the—
437:algospeak
341:West Bank
292:Auschwitz
257:Avoidance
242:euphemism
192:Euphemism
187:Etymology
173:offensive
126:euphemism
47:verifying
4622:Transfer
4564:Sedition
4428:Negative
4340:Newspeak
4330:Managing
4272:Research
4247:Branding
4199:Literary
4164:Fakelore
4157:websites
4147:Deepfake
4104:Internet
3995:Modeling
3952:Protests
3932:Internet
3865:Advocacy
3857:Activism
3683:Politics
3634:Facebook
3619:Criminal
3612:Contexts
3506:Heckling
3429:Bleeping
3359:Internet
3242:Pleonasm
3232:Oxymoron
3227:Metonymy
3222:Metaphor
3195:Innuendo
3171:Adynaton
3136:Aphorism
3121:Allusion
3116:Allegory
3088:Symploce
3063:Isocolon
2996:Chiasmus
2966:Anaphora
2836:(1920).
2708:(1986).
2651:(1991).
2627:23372396
2568:10 March
2562:Archived
2532:Archived
2501:Archived
2471:Archived
2431:(2006).
2318:Archived
2256:(1974).
2154:Archived
2092:Fox News
2002:Archived
1975:Archived
1950:Archived
1919:Archived
1887:22 April
1881:Archived
1849:Archived
1845:NBC News
1820:Archived
1776:Archived
1744:Archived
1709:Archived
1686:10 March
1680:Archived
1661:10 March
1636:10 March
1630:Archived
1600:Archived
1578:Archived
1574:Politico
1508:Archived
1410:Archived
1353:Archived
1329:16 March
1323:Archived
1182:See also
1132:" with "
1093:restroom
1089:washroom
1085:bathroom
1075:lavatory
933:implying
902:handicap
865:abattoir
860:pregnant
855:enceinte
807:Metonymy
760:Metaphor
664:drinking
658:include
627:acronyms
601:oh shoot
360:Rhetoric
201:euphemia
100:vaginal
89:Rite Aid
4701:Related
4680:Spaving
4665:Pricing
4607:Slogans
4549:Lawfare
4486:Framing
4466:Big lie
4257:Product
4252:Loyalty
4184:Forgery
4129:Hoaxing
4010:Slogans
3990:Mobiles
3882:Boycott
3790:Context
3496:Fogging
3422:Methods
3401:Thought
3217:Litotes
3210:Sarcasm
3188:Meiosis
2948:Schemes
2618:3299349
2410:French
2361:3087798
2130:22 July
1416:10 June
970:torture
834:hook-up
729:Cockney
593:frickin
566:, or a
515:scholar
370:valence
252:Purpose
237:Eupheme
207:εὐφημία
111:tampons
102:douches
41:Please
4305:Circus
4214:Racial
3651:Online
3639:Google
3376:Postal
3269:Simile
3108:Tropes
3098:Zeugma
3093:Tmesis
3001:Climax
2879:
2844:
2822:
2773:
2754:
2735:
2716:
2659:
2625:
2615:
2607:
2528:Medium
2439:
2359:
2324:5 June
2298:20 May
2266:
2236:
2160:20 May
2045:
2035:
1997:Forbes
1970:Forbes
1768:
1736:
1715:26 May
1479:
1384:27 May
1160:retard
1121:sḱeyd-
1080:toilet
1059:Toilet
888:douche
721:let go
660:asleep
643:F-word
625:Using
615:sitcom
517:
510:
503:
496:
488:
431:Online
353:Peimót
336:nesigá
325:peimót
320:פעימות
4811:Taboo
4647:Sales
4350:Scrum
4310:Cycle
4224:Virus
4094:Films
4059:Books
4000:Radio
3980:False
3957:Youth
3937:Media
3870:group
3827:Media
3629:Apple
3551:Purge
3386:Radio
3381:Press
3371:Music
3347:Films
3335:Books
3200:Irony
2412:toile
2357:JSTOR
2205:(PDF)
2194:(PDF)
2043:S2CID
1148:Venus
1134:Negro
1030:Negro
927:, or
893:bidet
824:Slang
818:Slang
780:for '
776:, or
700:, or
522:JSTOR
508:books
344:(see
331:נסיגה
263:death
225:phḗmē
198:word
196:Greek
181:taboo
4617:Spin
4194:List
4119:Self
3797:Bias
3591:mass
3006:Anti
2877:ISSN
2842:ISBN
2820:ISBN
2771:ISBN
2752:ISBN
2733:ISBN
2714:ISBN
2657:ISBN
2623:PMID
2605:ISSN
2570:2021
2540:2021
2509:2022
2479:2019
2437:ISBN
2326:2015
2300:2017
2264:ISBN
2234:ISBN
2213:2007
2162:2017
2132:2014
2073:2023
2033:ISBN
1927:2023
1889:2013
1857:2011
1828:2014
1784:2015
1766:ISBN
1752:2015
1734:ISBN
1717:2015
1688:2013
1663:2013
1638:2013
1516:2015
1477:ISBN
1418:2015
1386:2023
1361:2014
1331:2014
1269:Puns
1110:shit
1105:W.C.
1069:and
972:as "
880:for
868:for
838:laid
836:and
801:weed
797:buns
788:and
754:cunt
746:berk
741:cunt
736:berk
639:bomb
635:word
606:Feck
597:darn
578:Jeez
494:news
271:deny
231:φήμη
109:and
4005:Sex
3252:Pun
2869:doi
2803:doi
2613:PMC
2597:doi
2466:NPR
2349:doi
2025:doi
1140:".
910:or
844:'.
784:';
715:or
637:or
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277:'s
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