20:
195:
was terror-stricken and ran away, nor did he ever return to his post. Sam Khan, for his part, told his superiors that he had carried out the task given to him; he would not attempt it a second time. So Aqa Jan Khan-i-Khamsih and his Nasiri regiment replaced the
Armenians, and the Báb and His disciple
174:
approached the Bab: 'I profess the
Christian Faith and entertain no ill will against you. If your Cause be the Cause of truth, enable me to free myself from the obligation to shed your blood.' To this the Báb replied: 'Follow your instructions, and if your intention be sincere, the Almighty is surely
93:
The Báb and one of his companions were suspended on a wall and a large firing squad prepared to shoot. When the smoke cleared after the first firing of bullets, the Báb was missing. Reports continue by stating that the Báb was found back in his prison room finishing dictation to his secretary. Other
182:
Each row of soldiers fired in turn. The smoke from so many rifles clouded the scene. When it lifted the Báb was not there. Only His disciple could be seen, standing under the nail in the wall, smiling and unconcerned. Bullets had only severed the ropes with which they were suspended. Cries rang out
228:
populace proclaimed that he had ascended to the skies. The balls had broken the ropes by which he was bound, but he was dragged from the recess where after some search he was discovered and shot. His death, according to the belief of his disciples, will make no difference as Báb must always exist.
227:
The founder of the sect has been executed at
Tabreez. He was killed by a volley of musketry, and his death was on the point of giving his religion a lustre which would have largely increased his proselytes. When the smoke and dust cleared away after the volley, Báb was not to be seen, and the
140:. The night before his execution, as he was being conducted to his cell, a young man, Anís (sometimes called Mulla Muhammad Ali), threw himself at the feet of the Báb, wanting to be killed with the Báb. He was immediately arrested and placed in the same cell as the Báb.
94:
sources, which include
Persian and European reports, give a variety of accounts, some in agreement with the miracle-like Baháʼí story, and some indicating a less miraculous event. All agree that he survived the first firing squad, and was killed by the second.
178:
The Báb and His disciple were suspended by ropes from a nail in the wall, the head of Mirza
Muhammad-'Ali resting on the breast of the Báb. Seven hundred and fifty soldiers were positioned in three files. Roofs of the buildings around teemed with spectators.
186:
A frantic search followed. The Báb was found, sitting in the same room where He had been lodged the night before, in conversation with His amanuensis. That conversation had been interrupted earlier in the day. Now it was finished and He told the
865:, the British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, on July 22, 1850 regarding the execution. The letter can be found in its original form as document F.O. 60/152/88 in the archives of the Foreign Office at the Public Records Office in London.
261:(Key to the Gate of Gates, or the History of the Báb and Bahá), published about A.H. 1310 (about 1896). The work is a polemically anti-Baháʼí book. But the account of the execution (which is lengthy) includes the following details:
147:
filled with nearly ten thousand people wishing to watch his execution. The Báb and Anís were suspended on a wall and the firing squad of 750 rifles prepared to shoot.
97:
For many years after his death, the remains of the Báb were secretly transferred from place to place until they were brought to their final resting place at the
1138:
87:
862:
220:
196:
were suspended once again at the same spot. The Nasiri regiment fired. The bodies of the Báb and His disciple were shattered, and their flesh was united.
82:. The events surrounding his execution have been the subject of controversy among researchers, and are regarded as miraculous by followers of the
687:
253:
Mírzá Mihdí Khán Zaímu'd-Dawlih was the son of a Shiʻite cleric who was present at the execution of the Báb and who took his son to the
223:, the British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, July 22, 1850. Note that this source does not claim to be an eyewitness account.
1143:
1072:
1029:
946:
916:
889:
836:
806:
761:
731:
822:
265:
1. The Báb and Anís were suspended about three meters (10') above the ground on a rope and fired on by a
Christian regiment.
1153:
987:
646:
106:
936:
796:
751:
137:
285:
164:
1100:
117:
1095:
1148:
167:, who published several carefully researched histories about the Baháʼí Faith and its central figures:
156:
113:
83:
38:
98:
1015:
211:
These events were recorded by western sources. Provided below is one source that is attributed to
1082:
1039:
693:
670:
1068:
1025:
942:
912:
885:
832:
802:
757:
727:
966:
778:
719:
257:
to review the events he witnessed. Zaímu'd-Dawlih recounted his father's version in a book,
171:
136:, ordered the execution of the Báb; he was brought to Tabriz, where he would be killed by a
970:
1116:
1051:
1123:
932:
879:
858:
792:
747:
238:
216:
67:
991:
686:
Winters, Jonah (1997-09-19). "Background to Babism: A brief epitome of Babi history".
19:
1132:
1061:
254:
144:
79:
875:
854:
274:
4. The Báb was brought back out and he and Anís were shot again, this time fatally.
212:
160:
1104:. Cambridge. Includes a lengthy introduction, the translation and then appendices.
1086:
826:
133:
881:
The Bábí and Baháʼí Religions, 1844-1944 - Some
Contemporary Western Accounts
219:'s Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary in Tehran and written to
121:
906:
1019:
75:
861:'s Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary in Tehran, wrote to
756:. Wilmette, Illinois, USA: Baháʼí Publishing Trust. pp. 273–289.
63:
782:, in Religious Celebrations, pp. 73-76. Santa Barbara, CA. ABC-CLIO.
71:
102:
18:
941:. Wilmette, Illinois, USA: Baháʼí Publishing Trust. p. 55.
908:
All Things Made New: A Comprehensive
Outline of the Baháʼí Faith
801:. Wilmette, Illinois, USA: Baháʼí Publishing Trust. p. 52.
183:
from the onlookers: 'The Siyyid-i-Báb has gone from our sight!'
112:
The anniversary of this event is commemorated by members of the
241:
also prints a large selection of western quotes in his book
669:
MacEoin, Denis (1989). "Bāb, Sayyed ʻAli
Mohammad Sirazi".
143:
On the morning of July 9, 1850, the Báb was taken to the
268:
2. The bullets cut the rope and one bullet wounded Anís.
689:
Dying for God: Martyrdom in the Shii and Babi
Religions
1088:
Les Religions et les Philosophies dans l'Asie Centrale
191:(attendant or footman) to carry out his duty. But the
271:
3. The Báb ran into one of the rooms in the barracks.
992:"Regarding the Implementation of the Badi` Calendar"
692:. M.A. Thesis: University of Toronto. Archived from
155:
Here is an account which is in line with the common
52:
44:
34:
29:
1060:
1117:Martyrdom of the Bab: An Outline for Researchers
23:Tomb where the remains of the Báb are enshrined.
726:. Oxford, UK: George Ronald. pp. 154–161.
225:
169:
78:and shot by order of the Prime Minister of the
963:Miftah-i-Babu'l-Abvab ya Tarikh-i-Bab va Baha,
961:Mírzá Mihdí Khán Zaímu'd-Dawlih, extract from
120:- i.e., July 9 or July 10). It is one of nine
831:. USA: Baháʼí Publishing Trust. p. 175.
664:
662:
259:Miftáh-i-Bábu'l-Abváb ya Taríkh-i-Báb va Bahá
8:
1018:(1932). Shoghi Effendi (Translator) (ed.).
175:able to relieve you from your perplexity.'
245:(p. 55), however most are unsourced.
26:
1124:Related material on Baháʼí Library Online
1024:. Wilmette, IL: Baháʼí Publishing Trust.
714:
712:
710:
1067:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
282:
850:
848:
658:
1047:
1037:
724:The Báb: The Herald of the Day of Days
116:at noon on Rahmat 16 (Sharaf) (of the
7:
1021:The Dawn-Breakers: Nabíl's Narrative
977:vol. 8, no. 1 (Fall, 1973), 23-26.
971:The Báb: Accounts of His Martyrdom
62:On the morning of July 9, 1850 in
14:
911:. Baháʼí Distribution Service.
249:Mírzá Mihdí Khán Zaímu'd-Dawlih
326:
323:
320:
317:
314:
311:
308:
305:
302:
299:
296:
132:In 1850 a new prime-minister,
1:
884:. Oxford, UK: George Ronald.
779:Martyrdom of the Báb (July 9)
105:on the middle terrace of the
1139:History of the Bahá'í Faith
86:, who consider him to be a
16:History of the Bahá'í Faith
1170:
1101:The New History of the Báb
988:Universal House of Justice
776:Buck, Christopher (2011).
647:Capital punishment in Iran
327:Ascension of ʻAbdu'l-Bahá
597:
559:
521:
483:
445:
407:
369:
331:
312:Ascension of Bahá'u'lláh
293:
1144:Deaths by person in Iran
1063:Resurrection and Renewal
165:Hand of the Cause of God
124:when work is suspended.
969:and Kazem Kazemzadeh, "
309:Declaration of the Báb
1114:David Merrick (2019).
1059:Amanat, Abbas (1989).
905:Ferraby, John (1975).
288:of the Baháʼí calendar
248:
236:
204:
70:merchant known as the
24:
321:Birth of Bahá'u'lláh
315:Martyrdom of the Báb
22:
672:Encyclopædia Iranica
324:Day of the Covenant
88:Manifestation of God
30:Martyrdom of the Báb
306:12th day of Ridván
290:
151:Bábi/Baháʼí account
1050:has generic name (
303:9th day of Ridván
300:1st day of Ridván
283:
233:Sir Justin Sheil,
159:view by historian
25:
1154:Public executions
635:
634:
318:Birth of the Báb
99:Shrine of the Báb
74:was charged with
60:
59:
1161:
1092:
1078:
1066:
1055:
1049:
1045:
1043:
1035:
1002:
1001:
999:
998:
984:
978:
959:
953:
952:
929:
923:
922:
902:
896:
895:
872:
866:
855:Sir Justin Sheil
852:
843:
842:
819:
813:
812:
789:
783:
774:
768:
767:
744:
738:
737:
716:
705:
704:
702:
701:
683:
677:
676:
666:
291:
234:
213:Sir Justin Sheil
207:Western accounts
202:
145:Tabriz courtyard
66:, a 30-year-old
35:Observed by
27:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1129:
1128:
1111:
1109:Further reading
1091:. Paris Didier.
1083:Gobineau, Comte
1081:
1075:
1058:
1046:
1036:
1032:
1016:Nabíl-i-Zarandí
1014:
1011:
1006:
1005:
996:
994:
986:
985:
981:
960:
956:
949:
933:Effendi, Shoghi
931:
930:
926:
919:
904:
903:
899:
892:
874:
873:
869:
863:Lord Palmerston
853:
846:
839:
828:Release the Sun
821:
820:
816:
809:
793:Effendi, Shoghi
791:
790:
786:
775:
771:
764:
748:Effendi, Shoghi
746:
745:
741:
734:
718:
717:
708:
699:
697:
685:
684:
680:
668:
667:
660:
655:
643:
637:
289:
281:
255:barracks square
251:
235:
232:
221:Lord Palmerston
209:
203:
200:
153:
130:
128:Execution order
118:Baháʼí calendar
17:
12:
11:
5:
1167:
1165:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1093:
1079:
1073:
1056:
1030:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1003:
990:(2014-07-10).
979:
954:
947:
924:
917:
897:
890:
878:, ed. (1981).
867:
859:Queen Victoria
844:
837:
814:
807:
784:
769:
762:
739:
732:
706:
678:
657:
656:
654:
651:
650:
649:
642:
639:
633:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
614:
611:
608:
605:
602:
599:
595:
594:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
576:
573:
570:
567:
564:
561:
557:
556:
553:
550:
547:
544:
541:
538:
535:
532:
529:
526:
523:
519:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
491:
488:
485:
481:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
443:
442:
439:
436:
433:
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
412:
409:
405:
404:
401:
398:
395:
392:
389:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
367:
366:
363:
360:
357:
354:
351:
348:
345:
342:
339:
336:
333:
329:
328:
325:
322:
319:
316:
313:
310:
307:
304:
301:
298:
295:
284:
280:
277:
276:
275:
272:
269:
266:
250:
247:
239:Shoghi Effendi
230:
217:Queen Victoria
208:
205:
201:H.M. Balyuzi,
198:
152:
149:
129:
126:
107:Baháʼí Gardens
80:Persian Empire
58:
57:
54:
50:
49:
46:
42:
41:
36:
32:
31:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1166:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1074:0-8014-2098-9
1070:
1065:
1064:
1057:
1053:
1048:|editor=
1041:
1033:
1031:0-900125-22-5
1027:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1008:
993:
989:
983:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
958:
955:
950:
948:0-87743-020-9
944:
940:
939:
938:God Passes By
934:
928:
925:
920:
918:81-86953-01-9
914:
910:
909:
901:
898:
893:
891:0-85398-102-7
887:
883:
882:
877:
876:Momen, Moojan
871:
868:
864:
860:
856:
851:
849:
845:
840:
838:0-87743-003-9
834:
830:
829:
824:
818:
815:
810:
808:0-87743-020-9
804:
800:
799:
798:God Passes By
794:
788:
785:
781:
780:
773:
770:
765:
763:0-87743-020-9
759:
755:
754:
753:God Passes By
749:
743:
740:
735:
733:0-85398-048-9
729:
725:
721:
720:Balyuzi, H.M.
715:
713:
711:
707:
696:on 2007-02-04
695:
691:
690:
682:
679:
674:
673:
665:
663:
659:
652:
648:
645:
644:
640:
638:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
606:
603:
600:
596:
592:
589:
586:
583:
580:
577:
574:
571:
568:
565:
562:
558:
554:
551:
548:
545:
542:
539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
524:
520:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
498:
495:
492:
489:
486:
482:
478:
475:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
454:
451:
448:
444:
440:
437:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
406:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
372:
368:
364:
361:
358:
355:
352:
349:
346:
343:
340:
337:
334:
330:
292:
287:
278:
273:
270:
267:
264:
263:
262:
260:
256:
246:
244:
243:God Passes By
240:
229:
224:
222:
218:
214:
206:
197:
194:
193:farrash-bashi
190:
189:farrash-bashi
184:
180:
176:
173:
168:
166:
162:
158:
150:
148:
146:
141:
139:
135:
127:
125:
123:
119:
115:
110:
108:
104:
100:
95:
91:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
55:
51:
47:
43:
40:
37:
33:
28:
21:
1149:1850 in Asia
1115:
1099:
1096:Browne, E.G.
1087:
1062:
1020:
995:. Retrieved
982:
975:World Order,
974:
962:
957:
937:
927:
907:
900:
880:
870:
827:
817:
797:
787:
777:
772:
752:
742:
723:
698:. Retrieved
694:the original
688:
681:
671:
636:
258:
252:
242:
237:
226:
210:
192:
188:
185:
181:
177:
170:
161:H.M. Balyuzi
157:Baháʼí Faith
154:
142:
138:firing squad
131:
114:Baháʼí Faith
111:
96:
92:
84:Baháʼí Faith
61:
56:9 or 10 July
39:Baháʼí Faith
279:Observances
1133:Categories
1009:References
997:2024-03-13
965:quoted in
700:2007-01-23
134:Amir Kabir
1040:cite book
823:Sears, W.
286:Holy Days
122:Holy Days
1098:(1893).
1085:(1864).
935:(1944).
825:(1995).
795:(1944).
750:(1944).
722:(1973).
641:See also
297:Naw-Rúz
231:—
199:—
172:Sam Khan
76:apostasy
631:27 Nov
593:27 Nov
555:28 Nov
517:28 Nov
479:27 Nov
441:27 Nov
403:28 Nov
365:28 Nov
68:Persian
1071:
1028:
945:
915:
888:
835:
805:
760:
730:
628:25 Nov
616:28 May
613:23 May
607:28 Apr
604:20 Apr
601:20 Mar
590:25 Nov
587:20 Oct
584:19 Oct
578:28 May
575:23 May
569:28 Apr
566:20 Apr
563:20 Mar
552:26 Nov
549:31 Oct
546:30 Oct
543:10 Jul
540:29 May
537:24 May
531:29 Apr
528:21 Apr
525:21 Mar
514:26 Nov
511:11 Nov
508:10 Nov
505:10 Jul
502:29 May
499:24 May
493:29 Apr
490:21 Apr
487:21 Mar
476:25 Nov
473:23 Oct
470:22 Oct
464:28 May
461:23 May
455:28 Apr
452:20 Apr
449:20 Mar
438:25 Nov
426:28 May
423:23 May
417:28 Apr
414:20 Apr
411:20 Mar
400:26 Nov
397:17 Oct
394:16 Oct
391:10 Jul
388:29 May
385:24 May
379:29 Apr
376:21 Apr
373:21 Mar
362:26 Nov
359:27 Oct
356:26 Oct
353:10 Jul
350:29 May
347:24 May
341:29 Apr
338:21 Apr
335:21 Mar
64:Tabriz
48:Baháʼí
967:Firuz
653:Notes
625:8 Nov
622:7 Nov
619:9 Jul
610:1 May
598:2029
581:9 Jul
572:1 May
560:2028
534:2 May
522:2027
496:2 May
484:2026
467:9 Jul
458:1 May
446:2025
435:3 Nov
432:2 Nov
429:9 Jul
420:1 May
408:2024
382:2 May
370:2023
344:2 May
332:2022
294:Year
103:Haifa
1069:ISBN
1052:help
1026:ISBN
943:ISBN
913:ISBN
886:ISBN
833:ISBN
803:ISBN
758:ISBN
728:ISBN
163:, a
53:Date
45:Type
973:,"
101:in
72:Báb
1135::
1044::
1042:}}
1038:{{
857:,
847:^
709:^
661:^
215:,
109:.
90:.
1120:.
1077:.
1054:)
1034:.
1000:.
951:.
921:.
894:.
841:.
811:.
766:.
736:.
703:.
675:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
