Knowledge (XXG)

Extreme clipper

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80:, of New York proposed several improvements in marine architecture, which were embodied in the model of a clipper ship exhibited at the American Institute, in February of that year. Later he delivered a series of lectures on the science of ship-building which were the first discourses upon this subject in the United States. Griffeths advocated carrying the stem forward, in a curved line, thereby lengthening the bow above water; he also introduced long, hollow water-lines and a general drawing out and sharpening of the forward body, bringing the greatest breadth further aft. Another improvement which he proposed was to fine out the after body by rounding up the ends of the main 195:
hollow lines, and only 30 or 18 inches dead rise. The upright stem, too, has been modified into the inclined, and the length and sharpness of the ends have also been much varied."..."though very sharp and clipperly in the ends, has only 20 inches dead rise at half floor, experience having demonstrated, that great length with sharp ends do not require extreme sharpness of floor. Buoyancy is of more importance, and the speed obtained, especially running free, is more satisfactory. It is therefore doubtful whether another clipper, having 40 inches dead rise, will be built."
99:. This vessel, the first extreme clipper ship ever built, was therefore, the direct result of Griffeths's efforts for improvement. Her bow with its concave waterlines and the greatest breadth at a point considerably further aft than had hitherto been regarded as practicable, was a radical departure, differing not merely in degree but in kind from any ship that preceded her. One critical observer declared that her bow had been turned "outside in," and that her whole form was contrary to the laws of nature. The 123:
began building what would become the medium clipper ship. They "quietly evolved a new type (of ship) of about 450 tons burden which, handled by eighteen officers and men, would carry half as much freight as a British-Indianman of 1500 tons with a crew of 125, and sail half again as fast." Most owners
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Further understanding of what was happening in clipper ship construction at the time can be obtained from reading the whole section from which the last sentence above was obtained. "Our first large clippers had rounded lines and 40 inches dead rise at half floor; but now nearly all new clippers have
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In the midst of the great clipper boom, in early 1851, he wrote "Nearly all the clipper ships which have been built recently, have had 40 inches dead rise at half floor." This was followed in late 1852 by his comment "It is therefore doubtful whether another clipper, having 40 inches dead rise, will
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After 1854 extreme clippers were replaced in shipbuilding yards by medium clippers. A 1910 history of the clipper related: "...a fine class of ships, known as medium clippers, was constructed, some of which proved exceedingly fast, and remarkable passages continued to be made. Many of these medium
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enough to sustain their own weight—a fact which led to the straining and weakening of the vessel. A change was made in 1855 by joining to the clipper top, bow, and stern the fuller bottom of the old-fashioned freighting ship. The midship section, or widest part of the ship, was also moved farther
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during 1851 even though their dead rises were less than 40 inches. It has also been applied to clipper ships he built from 1852 to 1854, and to similar clipper ships built by other shipbuilders in the same period. It has been applied to clipper ships built with a lengthening of the bow above to
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aft, so as to be only a trifle forward of the middle of the ship's length, and the vessel was made to float substantially on an even keel. That style of vessel remains in use to the present day , although capacity is now the chief aim in American sailing ships rather than speed.
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lengthened above the water, a drawing out and sharpening of the forward body, and the greatest breadth further aft. In the United States, extreme clippers were built in the period 1845 to 1855. British-built extreme clippers include vessels built over the period 1854 to 1870
136:, 531 tons, 140 feet long which was constructed in the previous year. Ships built in Medford "have more fast California passages to their credit, considering the number they built, than those of any other place." 1616: 375:
Stoddart's Encyclopaedia Americana; a dictionary of arts, sciences, and general literature, and companion to the Encyclopædia Britannica. American Supplement.
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Duncan McLean, the marine reporter who wrote at least 161 more or less detailed descriptions of ships launched in Boston and elsewhere in New England for the
486: 149:(1852): "In the form of her ends she is of the medium model." The medium clipper, though still very fast, had comparatively more allowance for cargo. 95:, of New York, in whose employ Griffeths had spent several years as draughtsman, to embody these experimental ideas in a ship of 750 tons, named the 446: 1609: 318: 253:
The Clipper Ship Era, An Epitome of Famous American and British Clipper Ships, Their Owners, Builders, Commanders, and Crews, 1843–1869
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This narrower definition has not been accepted by history. The term "extreme clipper" was applied to the clipper ships built by
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Extreme clippers remained in vogue only a few years. Owing to the depth and sharpness of their floors they lacked
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wanted ships that could do all kinds of work and the "finest type" then being built was the Medford or Merrimac
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This proposed departure from old methods naturally met with much opposition, but in 1843, the firm of
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water, a drawing out and sharpening of the forward body, and the greatest breadth further aft.
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clippers would be considered very sharp and heavily sparred vessels at the present time."
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between April 1850 and March 1857, defined an extreme clipper as "clippers of 40 inches
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was designed and built with great care and was not launched until January, 1845.
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From 1851 or earlier another type of clipper ship was also being built, the
187:". By his definition extreme clippers ceased to be built after early 1852. 161:, and in consequence of the sharpness of the ends those parts did not have 2662: 2652: 2438: 2423: 2408: 2403: 2352: 2268: 2186: 2171: 2121: 2021: 1968: 1963: 1958: 1953: 1838: 1804: 1715: 1700: 1690: 162: 2677: 2627: 2607: 2504: 2413: 2382: 2362: 2308: 2303: 2278: 2263: 2217: 2207: 2131: 2061: 1948: 1903: 1893: 1873: 1858: 1843: 1774: 1630: 1626: 1390: 682: 455: 35: 2870: 2845: 2703: 2637: 2632: 2443: 2367: 2258: 2222: 2181: 2126: 2076: 2056: 2046: 1908: 1878: 1848: 1754: 1725: 1705: 1155: 2825: 2779: 2753: 2612: 2331: 2283: 2191: 2156: 2098: 2026: 1983: 1923: 1853: 1809: 1794: 1464: 2860: 2687: 2036: 1933: 1883: 1868: 1819: 1764: 424: 1598: 428: 269:
Fast Sailing Ships, their design and construction, 1775-1875
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designed to sacrifice cargo capacity for speed. They had a
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Clipper ship designed to sacrifice cargo capacity for speed
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built in Medford in 1837, or Jotham Stetson’s ship the
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(1910). 57:The first extreme clipper 2510:Iron-hulled sailing ship 2319:Square-rigged caravel ( 1567:Type 2630 training ship 89:Howland & Aspinwall 360:The Boston Daily Atlas 171:Alternative definition 168: 121:Medford, Massachusetts 108: 2851:Pinnace (ship's boat) 2213:Chinese treasure ship 960:Herald of the Morning 781:Sovereign of the Seas 218:List of clipper ships 155: 61:Further information: 2866:Thames sailing barge 2697:Recreational vessels 890:Champion of the Seas 311:Ocean Transportation 293:The Clipper Ship Era 69:The Clipper Ship Era 2887:Nautical operations 2821:Floating restaurant 2709:Ljungström sailboat 2289:Full-rigged pinnace 418:, December 29, 1852 350:, November 29, 1851 337:. 22 February 2013. 2004:and other vessels 1998:Naval and merchant 562:Antelope of Boston 416:Boston Daily Atlas 401:Boston Daily Atlas 389:Boston Daily Atlas 348:Boston Daily Atlas 223:Naval architecture 177:Boston Daily Atlas 142:Antelope of Boston 2895: 2894: 2724:Sailing hydrofoil 2576: 2575: 2495:Blackwall frigate 2418:Baltimore Clipper 1592: 1591: 1307:John R. 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743: 741: 740: 736: 734: 733: 729: 727: 726: 722: 720: 719: 715: 713: 712: 708: 706: 705: 701: 699: 698: 694: 692: 691: 687: 685: 684: 680: 678: 677: 673: 671: 670: 666: 664: 663: 659: 657: 656: 655:Harriet Hoxie 652: 650: 649: 645: 643: 642: 641: 636: 634: 633: 629: 627: 626: 622: 620: 619: 615: 613: 612: 611:Eastern State 608: 606: 605: 601: 599: 598: 594: 592: 591: 587: 585: 584: 580: 578: 577: 573: 571: 570: 566: 564: 563: 559: 558: 556: 552: 546: 545: 541: 539: 538: 534: 532: 531: 527: 525: 524: 520: 518: 517: 513: 511: 510: 506: 505: 503: 499: 493: 492:Clipper route 490: 488: 485: 483: 480: 478: 475: 473: 470: 468: 465: 464: 461: 457: 456:Clipper ships 450: 445: 443: 438: 436: 431: 430: 427: 417: 412: 410: 406: 402: 397: 394: 390: 385: 382: 377: 376: 368: 365: 361: 356: 353: 349: 344: 341: 336: 330: 327: 322: 316: 312: 305: 302: 298: 294: 288: 285: 280: 274: 270: 263: 260: 255: 254: 246: 244: 240: 233: 229: 226: 224: 221: 219: 216: 214: 213:Clipper route 211: 210: 206: 204: 201: 196: 192: 188: 186: 182: 178: 170: 167: 164: 160: 154: 150: 148: 147:Golden Fleece 144: 143: 137: 135: 131: 127: 126:East Indiaman 122: 118: 110: 106: 104: 103: 98: 94: 91:commissioned 90: 83: 79: 72: 70: 64: 56: 54: 52: 51: 46: 41: 37: 33: 19: 2836:Norfolk punt 2714:Mast aft rig 2623:Herring buss 2547:West Country 2469:Sloop-of-war 2324: 2320: 2254:Crommesteven 1747:sailing rigs 1721:Mast aft rig 1669:Sailing rigs 1629:vessels and 1565: 1558: 1551: 1546:Cisne Branco 1544: 1526: 1519: 1512: 1505: 1498: 1491: 1484: 1477: 1470: 1463: 1456: 1450:1870 - 1890s 1438: 1431: 1424: 1417: 1410: 1403: 1396: 1389: 1382: 1377:Sir Lancelot 1375: 1368: 1361: 1354: 1347: 1342:Norman Court 1340: 1333: 1326: 1319: 1312: 1305: 1298: 1291: 1284: 1277: 1270: 1263: 1256: 1249: 1242: 1235: 1228: 1221: 1214: 1207: 1189: 1182: 1175: 1168: 1161: 1154: 1147: 1140: 1133: 1126: 1119: 1112: 1105: 1098: 1091: 1084: 1077: 1070: 1063: 1056: 1049: 1042: 1035: 1028: 1021: 1014: 1007: 1000: 993: 986: 979: 972: 967:James Baines 965: 958: 951: 944: 939:Golden State 937: 930: 923: 916: 909: 902: 897:Donald McKay 895: 888: 881: 876:Carrier Dove 874: 867: 860: 853: 835: 828: 823:Westward Ho! 821: 814: 807: 800: 793: 786: 779: 772: 765: 758: 751: 744: 737: 730: 723: 716: 709: 702: 695: 688: 681: 674: 667: 660: 653: 646: 640:Golden South 639: 637: 630: 623: 618:Flying Cloud 616: 609: 602: 595: 588: 581: 574: 567: 560: 542: 535: 528: 521: 514: 507: 471: 415: 400: 396: 388: 384: 374: 367: 359: 355: 347: 343: 329: 310: 304: 292: 287: 278:0-87021895-6 268: 262: 252: 200:Donald McKay 197: 193: 189: 176: 174: 156: 151: 146: 140: 138: 133: 129: 114: 100: 96: 75: 68: 66: 50:Norman Court 48: 44: 31: 29: 2831:Mersey flat 2809:Other types 2598:Barca-longa 2500:Down Easter 2137:Bomb vessel 2089:K'un-lun po 2067:Quadriremes 2052:Penteconter 1939:Quadrimaran 1760:Barquentine 1676:Bermuda rig 1645:Age of Sail 1412:Thermopylae 1293:Golden Spur 1265:Flying Spur 1258:Fiery Cross 1170:Wild Hunter 1142:Sweepstakes 1135:Sunny South 1100:Santa Claus 1058:Ocean Chief 988:Kosmopoliet 974:King Philip 904:Dreadnought 869:Blue Jacket 847:1853 - 1859 774:Snow Squall 760:Sea Serpent 718:Nightingale 711:N.B. Palmer 690:John Gilpin 662:Hippogriffe 648:Golden West 625:Flying Fish 554:1850 - 1852 544:Ticonderoga 191:be built." 2795:Treenailed 2775:Lashed lug 2770:Inflatable 2749:Windsurfer 2734:Sportsboat 2683:Well smack 2552:Windjammer 2479:Trincadour 2449:Padewakang 2299:Man-of-war 2238:Trabaccolo 2177:Malangbang 1979:Vaka katea 1929:Pentamaran 1770:Brigantine 1731:Square rig 1726:Pinisi rig 1706:Lateen rig 1696:Gunter rig 1660:Navigation 1486:Hallowe'en 1458:Blackadder 1405:The Murray 1321:Lammermuir 1251:Cutty Sark 1237:Cornwallis 1209:Ambassador 1086:Robin Hood 1079:Red Jacket 995:Lammermuir 981:Kingfisher 883:California 837:Witchcraft 788:Stag Hound 746:Race Horse 697:Marco Polo 597:Challenger 569:Bald Eagle 234:References 185:half floor 130:Columbiana 2790:Tall ship 2618:Gableboat 2532:Leti leti 2522:Janggolan 2454:Post ship 2325:de armada 2314:Speronara 2042:Fire ship 1974:Va'a-tele 1899:Kora kora 1864:Catamaran 1830:Multihull 1736:Tanja rig 1681:Crab claw 1638:Overviews 1625:Types of 1426:Windhover 1272:Fusi Yama 1128:Starlight 1114:Schomberg 1051:Newcastle 1002:Lightning 809:Swordfish 795:Stornoway 753:Sea Nymph 676:Hurricane 632:Game Cock 590:Challenge 537:Sea Witch 297:pp. 65–66 228:Sail plan 181:dead rise 159:stability 76:In 1841, 45:Annandale 2902:Category 2744:Wharrams 2663:Sixareen 2658:Nordland 2653:Patorani 2439:Gundalow 2424:Gallivat 2409:Chialoup 2404:Bilander 2353:Corvette 2269:Galleass 2228:Lancaran 2187:Tongkang 2172:Longship 2122:Balinger 2022:Balangay 1969:Ungalawa 1964:Trimaran 1959:Tongiaki 1954:Tipairua 1805:Schooner 1701:Junk rig 1691:Gaff rig 1500:Loch Ard 1493:Hereward 1479:Florence 1472:Cromdale 1398:Taitsing 1363:Seminole 1244:Cremorne 1230:Coonatto 1107:Scawfell 802:Surprise 207:See also 163:buoyancy 47:to e.g. 2880:Related 2678:Tartane 2628:Jangada 2608:Felucca 2603:Falkuša 2561:20th c. 2515:Warship 2505:Golekan 2488:19th c. 2414:Clipper 2397:18th c. 2383:Polacca 2363:Frigate 2341:17th c. 2309:Patache 2304:Manchua 2279:Flyboat 2264:Galleon 2247:16th c. 2218:Caravel 2208:Carrack 2201:15th c. 2167:Kondura 2132:Birlinn 2062:Trireme 2014:Ancient 1949:Tepukei 1904:Lakatoi 1894:Karakoa 1874:Guilalo 1859:Camakau 1844:Amatasi 1832:vessels 1800:Mistico 1775:Catboat 1716:Lug rig 1627:sailing 1577:Related 1528:Torrens 1514:Lothair 1419:Sobraon 1391:Taeping 1328:Leander 1149:Tayleur 1009:Lookout 946:Gravina 530:Rainbow 509:Anglona 291:Clark, 102:Rainbow 97:Rainbow 82:transom 36:clipper 2871:Wherry 2846:Pausik 2704:Dinghy 2648:Mayang 2643:Masula 2638:Lugger 2633:Jukung 2537:Palari 2459:74-gun 2444:Lanong 2368:Galeas 2294:Lorcha 2259:Galiot 2223:Ghurab 2182:Shitik 2127:Benawa 2077:Dromon 2057:Bireme 2047:Galley 1909:Lanong 1879:Jukung 1849:Baurua 1780:Cutter 1755:Barque 1538:Modern 1521:Rodney 1440:Yatala 1370:Serica 1314:Lahloo 1279:Kaisow 1156:Tejuca 1072:Orient 1037:Mimosa 925:Ganges 911:Driver 739:Onward 669:Hornet 523:Memnon 516:Houqua 317:  275:  34:was a 2826:Fusta 2780:Razee 2754:Yacht 2673:Smack 2668:Sgoth 2613:Fifie 2588:Bagan 2542:Tamar 2527:Lambo 2429:Garay 2332:Xebec 2321:round 2284:Fluyt 2274:Ghali 2192:Zabra 2157:Knarr 2099:Mtepe 2027:Boita 1984:Vinta 1944:Takia 1924:Paraw 1889:Kalia 1854:Bigiw 1839:Ę»alia 1810:Sloop 1795:Ketch 1465:Cimba 1349:Osaka 1335:Miako 1216:Ariel 1201:1860s 816:Syren 604:Comet 501:1840s 134:Rajah 2861:Scow 2856:Pram 2800:ULDB 2785:Sewn 2688:Yoal 2593:Bago 2474:Toop 2434:Grab 2378:Pink 2373:Koff 2162:Koch 2152:Jong 2147:Hulk 2094:Lepa 2084:Junk 2037:Dhow 1934:Proa 1919:Pahi 1884:Kaep 1869:Drua 1820:Yawl 1815:Snow 1765:Brig 1631:rigs 1433:Wylo 1121:Stag 315:ISBN 273:ISBN 2323:or 2233:Hoy 2142:Cog 2104:Uru 1745:By 683:Ino 183:at 53:). 40:bow 30:An 2904:: 1989:Wa 408:^ 295:, 242:^ 2420:) 2416:( 2327:) 1618:e 1611:t 1604:v 448:e 441:t 434:v 323:. 299:. 281:. 43:( 20:)

Index

Extreme Clipper
clipper
bow
Norman Court
Rainbow (clipper)
John W. Griffeths
transom
Howland & Aspinwall
Smith & Dimon
Rainbow
medium clipper
Medford, Massachusetts
East Indiaman
Antelope of Boston
stability
buoyancy
dead rise
half floor
Donald McKay
Clipper route
List of clipper ships
Naval architecture
Sail plan


The Clipper Ship Era, An Epitome of Famous American and British Clipper Ships, Their Owners, Builders, Commanders, and Crews, 1843–1869
ISBN
0-87021895-6
pp. 65–66
ISBN

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

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