2736:
2755:
2663:
276:
2522:
2430:
2388:
1100:
2850:
2920:
2617:
2904:
2785:
2888:
2800:
2816:
2770:
2495:
2574:
2869:
2709:
314:
2686:
2953:
1614:
2590:
305:
1605:
2554:
294:
1922:
1385:
2640:
2414:
2449:
323:
1952:
2935:
2472:
1286:
1245:
1691:
2831:
1933:
806:
664:
1001:. Currently, most new double-hung sash windows use spring balances to support the sashes, but traditionally, counterweights held in boxes on either side of the window were used. These were and are attached to the sashes using pulleys of either braided cord or, later, purpose-made chain. Three types of spring balances are called a tape or clock spring balance; channel or block-and-tackle balance, and a spiral or tube balance.
1652:
1060:
5021:
285:
1736:
679:
154:
2248:, due to the unavailability of large sheets of glass. Today, glazing bars tend to be decorative, separating windows into small panes of glass even though larger panes of glass are available, generally in a pattern dictated by the architectural style at use. Glazing bars are typically wooden, but occasionally lead glazing bars soldered in place are used for more intricate glazing patterns.
1525:
2195:
1317:
88:
47:
1017:
783:. Mullioned glass windows were the windows of choice among the European well-to-do, whereas paper windows were economical and widely used in ancient China, Korea, and Japan. In England, glass became common in the windows of ordinary homes only in the early-17th century, whereas windows made up of panes of flattened animal horn were used as early as the 14th century.
902:
health and well-being of those inhabiting buildings, lest they experience the detrimental effects of enclosed buildings devoid of windows. Among the myriad criteria for the design of windows, several pivotal criteria have emerged in daylight standards: location, time, weather, nature, and people. Of these criteria, windows that are designed to provide views of
1203:
1148:
released, fully reverse and lock again for safe cleaning from inside. Modern pivot hinges incorporate a friction device to hold the window open against its weight and may have restriction and reversed locking built-in. In the UK, where this type of window is most common, they were extensively installed in high-rise social housing.
1972:
going through the window, making the window itself a source of diffuse light (instead of just the surfaces and objects illuminated within the room). By increasing the indirect illumination of surfaces near the window, muntins tend to brighten the area immediately around a window and reduce the contrast of shadows within the room.
1173:
to 90 degrees the window opens in the side hung mode. With the handle turned to 180 degrees the window opens in bottom hung mode. Most usually in the UK the windows will be "tilt first" i.e. bottom hung at 90 degrees for ventilation and side hung at 180 degrees for cleaning the outer face of the glass from inside the building.
2347:
allow light and solar energy into a building while minimizing air leakage and heat loss. Properly positioning these windows in relation to sun, wind, and landscape—while properly shading them to limit excess heat gain in summer and shoulder seasons, and providing thermal mass to absorb energy during
2180:
Modern aluminium window frames are typically separated by a thermal break made of a glass fibre reinforced polyamide. With a 34 mm thermal insulation profile it is possible to reach Uf= 1.3 W/m2K for a metal window. This greatly increases thermal resistance, while retaining virtually all of the
1818:, which overlaps the prepared opening, and can thus be 'nailed' into place. In the UK and mainland Europe, windows in new-build houses are usually fixed with long screws into expanding plastic plugs in the brickwork. A gap of up to 13 mm is left around all four sides, and filled with expanding
1172:
can both tilt inwards at the top or open inwards from hinges at the side. This is the most common type of window in
Germany, its country of origin. It is also widespread in many other European countries. In Europe, it is usual for these to be of the "turn first" type. i.e. when the handle is turned
1147:
is a window hung on one hinge on each of two opposite sides which allows the window to revolve when opened. The hinges may be mounted top and bottom (Vertically
Pivoted) or at each jamb (Horizontally Pivoted). The window will usually open initially to a restricted position for ventilation and, once
996:
is the traditional style of window in the United
Kingdom, and many other places that were formerly colonized by the UK, with two parts (sashes) that overlap slightly and slide up and down inside the frame. The two parts are not necessarily the same size; where the upper sash is smaller (shorter) it
865:
Up to about 1680 windows tended to be horizontal in proportion, a shape suitable for lighting the low-ceilinged rooms that had resulted from the insertion of the upper floor into the hall-house. After that date vertically proportioned windows came into fashion, partly at least as a response to the
1971:
These are the pieces of framing that separate a larger window into smaller panes. In older windows, large panes of glass were quite expensive, so muntins let smaller panes fill a larger space. In modern windows, light-colored muntins still provide a useful function by reflecting some of the light
901:
out when the window is opened. Windows are primarily designed to facilitate a vital connection with the outdoors, offering those within the confines of the building visual access to the everchanging events occurring outside. The provision of this connection serves as an integral safeguard for the
1028:
has two equal sashes similar to a standard double-hung but folds upward allowing air to pass through nearly the full-frame opening. The window is balanced using either springs or counterbalances, similar to a double-hung. The sashes can be either offset to simulate a double-hung, or in-line. The
3263:
In general two or three windows united in a group, as was later the rule in Roman architecture, were even then of frequent occurrence in the early
Christian architecture of Asia Minor. The form of the window is nearly everywhere the same; a rectangle that usually has a rounded top, but seldom a
1073:
is a window with a hinged sash that swings in or out like a door comprising either a side-hung, top-hung (also called "awning window"; see below), or occasionally bottom-hung sash or a combination of these types, sometimes with fixed panels on one or more sides of the sash. In the US, these are
2735:
2236:
Modern double-pane and triple-pane windows often include one or more low-e coatings to reduce the window's U-factor (its insulation value, specifically its rate of heat loss). In general, soft-coat low-e coatings tend to result in a lower solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) than hard-coat low-e
2268:
to keep out light, provide additional insulation, or ensure privacy. Windows allow natural light to enter, but too much can have negative effects such as glare and heat gain. Additionally, while windows let the user see outside, there must be a way to maintain privacy on in the inside. Window
739:
that could be opened and closed came next. Over time, windows were built that both protected the inhabitants from the elements and transmitted light, using multiple small pieces of translucent material, such as flattened pieces of translucent animal horn, paper sheets, thin slices of
2754:
2521:
1668:(and usually in acoustic insulation as well) and are resistant to fogging and frosting caused by temperature differential. They are widely used for residential and commercial construction in intemperate climates. In the UK, double-paned and triple-paned are referred to as double-
2387:
3371:
The casual, spread-out ranch house by 1950 accounted for nine out of ten new houses. Its one extravagance was a large window facing the street - the picture window. As far as I have been able to determine, picture windows made their first appearance in
Levittown,
1655:
Double panel windows, also sometimes called dual pane windows, are windows that have two panes of glass inset into the frame of the window. The panes of glass are separated, creating an insulating air pocket that inhibits heat transfer much better than single pane
1588:. Sometimes these are set in pairs or multiples thereof along the exterior wall of a very large room, but often, one French window is placed centrally in a typically sized room, perhaps among other fixed windows flanking the feature. French windows are known as
2364:
is a shade or screen that provides multiple functions. Some coverings, such as drapes and blinds provide occupants with privacy. Some window coverings control solar heat gain and glare. There are external shading devices and internal shading devices. Low-e
1029:
inline versions can be made to fold inward or outward. The inward swinging foldup windows can have fixed screens, while the outward swinging ones require movable screens. The windows are typically used for screen rooms, kitchen pass-throughs, or egress.
1185:
window is often fixed, in an interior door, it can open either by hinges at top or bottom, or rotate on hinges. It provided ventilation before forced air heating and cooling. A fan-shaped transom is known as a fanlight, especially in the
British Isles.
1663:
have two parallel panes (slabs of glass) with a separation of typically about 1 cm; this space is permanently sealed and filled at the time of manufacture with dry air or other dry nonreactive gas. Such windows provide a marked improvement in
2662:
1090:
applies to casement windows to determine direction of swing; a casement window may be left-handed, right-handed, or double. The casement window is the dominant type now found in modern buildings in the UK and many other parts of Europe.
1421:
is a form of bay window. This form most often appears in Tudor-style houses and monasteries. It projects from the wall and does not extend to the ground. Originally a form of porch, they are often supported by brackets or corbels.
1814:, in the US, means a window with a nailing fin that is inserted into a rough opening from the outside before applying siding and inside trim. A nailing fin is a projection on the outer frame of the window in the same plane as the
2300:
An alternative method is to calculate an optimum window mounting angle that accounts for summer sun load minimization, with consideration of actual latitude of the building. This process has been implemented, for example, in the
763:
jars (cylindrical shapes) flattened out into sheets with circular striation patterns throughout. It would be over a millennium before window glass became transparent enough to see through clearly, as we expect now. In 1154,
748:), or pieces of glass, set in frameworks of wood, iron or lead. In the Far East, paper was used to fill windows. The Romans were the first known users of glass for windows, exploiting a technology likely first developed in
1440:, windows are large semicircular windows (or niches) which are usually divided into three lights (window compartments) by two mullions. The central compartment is often wider than the two side lights on either side of it.
2708:
1807:
in the United States means a framed window designed to slip inside the original window frame from the inside after the old sashes are removed. In Europe, it usually means a complete window including a replacement outer
2288:
Historically, windows are designed with surfaces parallel to vertical building walls. Such a design allows considerable solar light and heat penetration due to the most commonly occurring incidence of sun angles. In
2170:
PVC and fiberglass frames perform well in accelerated weathering tests. Because PVC is not as strong as other materials, some PVC frames are reinforced with metal or composite materials to improve their structural
2413:
1708:-shaped window, resembling a bee cell or crystal lattice of graphite. The window can be vertically or horizontally oriented, openable or dead. It can also be regular or elongately-shaped and can have a separator (
2429:
1505:
is a window big enough and low enough so that occupants can escape through the opening in an emergency, such as a fire. In many countries, exact specifications for emergency windows in bedrooms are given in many
2202:
A special class of PVC window frames, uPVC window frames, became widespread since the late 20th century, particularly in Europe: there were 83.5 million installed by 1998 with numbers still growing as of 2012.
1848:
is an additional frame applied to the inside of an existing frame, usually used on protected or listed buildings to achieve higher levels of thermal and sound insulation without compromising the look of the
1008:. Sash windows can be fitted with simplex hinges that let the window be locked into hinges on one side, while the rope on the other side is detached—so the window can be opened for fire escape or cleaning.
967:
are often fixed. Transom windows may be fixed or operable. This type of window is used in situations where light or vision alone is needed as no ventilation is possible in such windows without the use of
2887:
2616:
2903:
2589:
2769:
708:
AD. Presentations of windows can be seen in ancient
Egyptian wall art and sculptures from Assyria. Paper windows were economical and widely used in ancient China, Korea, and Japan. In England,
2919:
2799:
2784:
2494:
2233:
heat transfer due to their low thermal conductivity. Performance of such units depends on good window seals and meticulous frame construction to prevent entry of air and loss of efficiency.
2849:
2815:
2191:(also known as Hybrid Windows) are start since early 1998 and combine materials like aluminium + pvc or wood to obtain aesthetics of one material with the functional benefits of another.
1913:). Two other, preliminary European Norms that are under development deal with internal pedestrian doors (prEN 14351–2), smoke and fire resisting doors, and openable windows (prEN 16034).
2952:
1510:. Specifications for such windows may also allow for the entrance of emergency rescuers. Vehicles, such as buses, aircraft, and trains frequently have emergency exit windows as well.
1712:). Typically, the cellular window is used for an attic or as a decorative feature, but it can also be a major architectural element to provide the natural lighting inside buildings.
2573:
2553:
2868:
779:
and produce thinner rectangular window panes from the same amount of glass material. This gave rise to tall narrow windows, usually separated by a vertical support called a
275:
735:
In the 13th century BC, the earliest windows were unglazed openings in a roof to admit light during the day. Later, windows were covered with animal hide, cloth, or wood.
2685:
2830:
2330:
not only provide a clear view and illuminate rooms, but also convert sunlight to electricity for the building. In most cases, translucent photovoltaic cells are used.
3349:
Last
Harvest: From Cornfield to New Town: Real Estate Development from George Washington to the Builders of the Twenty-First Century, and Why We Live in Houses Anyway
3290:
The place of the window was determined by the architectural membering of the basilica, the distance between two columns generally indicating the position of a window.
1160:
is a window (more usually a door-sized window) where the sash tilts inwards at the top similar to a hopper window and then slides horizontally behind the fixed pane.
1119:. In addition to being used independently, they can be stacked, several in one opening, or combined with fixed glass. They are particularly useful for ventilation.
2639:
3773:
984:
is a window that has one sash that is movable (usually the bottom one) and the other fixed. This is the earlier form of sliding sash window and is also cheaper.
1099:
3903:
2448:
1552:, frequently portraying persons or scenes. Typically the glass in these windows is separated by lead glazing bars. Stained glass windows were popular in
2369:
is a low-cost alternative to window replacement to transform existing poorly-insulating windows into energy-efficient windows. For high-rise buildings,
1362:
A roof lantern is a multi-paned glass structure, resembling a small building, built on a roof for day or moon light. Sometimes includes an additional
1132:
2471:
517:, the Old Norse form has survived to this day (in Icelandic only as a less used word for a type of small open "window", not strictly a synonym for
2240:
Modern windows are usually glazed with one large sheet of glass per sash, while windows in the past were glazed with multiple panes separated by
2540:
2934:
959:
is a window that cannot be opened, whose function is limited to allowing light to enter (unlike an unfixed window, which can open and close).
858:
windows but also to a long-standing motif of pointed or rounded window-shapes in ecclesiastical buildings, still seen in many churches today.
3887:
3741:
3592:
3530:
3478:
3441:
3302:
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1627:
1576:
has two rows of upright rectangular glass panes (lights) extending its full length; and two of these doors on an exterior wall and without a
866:
Renaissance taste for the high ceiling. Since 1914 the wheel has come full circle and a horizontally proportioned window is again favoured.
3468:
1867:
759:
100 CE, cast-glass windows, albeit with poor optical properties, began to appear, but these were small thick productions, little more than
1230:, usually using a crank or a lever. They are used extensively in tropical architecture. A jalousie door is a door with a jalousie window.
420:, awning windows, hopper windows, tilt, and slide windows (often door-sized), tilt and turn windows, transom windows, sidelight windows,
3582:
1724:
is a window that opens vertically. Guillotine windows have more than one sliding frame, and open from bottom to top or top to bottom.
3714:
3694:
3505:
3357:
3320:
1486:
often dictated by the building's architectural style. Due to the historic unavailability of large panes of glass, the multi-lit (or
255:
237:
135:
74:
3848:
385:
set in a frame in the opening; the sash and frame are also referred to as a window. Many glazed windows may be opened, to allow
5051:
3167:
313:
117:
98:
4007:
2439:
175:
3904:"Global Vinyl Windows Market to Reach 163 Million Units by 2017, According to a New Report by Global Industry Analysts, Inc"
2218:, which, depending on which surface is coated, helps prevent heat loss (in cold climates) or heat gains (in warm climates).
1041:
has two or more sashes that overlap slightly but slide horizontally within the frame. In the UK, these are sometimes called
712:
became common in the windows of ordinary homes only in the early 17th century whereas windows made up of panes of flattened
1905:
The
European harmonised standard hEN 14351–1, which deals with doors and windows, defines 23 characteristics (divided into
1490:) was the most common window style until the beginning of the 20th century, and is still used in traditional architecture.
2790:
2393:
2339:
2290:
3907:
4918:
1853:
1732:
EN 12519 is the
European standard that describes windows terms officially used in EU Member States. The main terms are:
720:
came to be used by pioneering settlers. Modern-style floor-to-ceiling windows became possible only after the industrial
3495:
1403:
is a multi-panel window, with at least three panels set at different angles to create a protrusion from the wall line.
304:
4748:
3780:
2806:
2760:
1880:
1842:
is the bottom piece in a window frame. Window sills slant outward to drain water away from the inside of the building.
218:
1901:(CR), measured between 1 and 100 (the higher the number, the higher the resistance of the formation of condensation)
1613:
793:
processes were perfected. Modern windows are usually filled using glass, although transparent plastic is also used.
2420:
2404:
2278:
1337:
1276:
1264:
386:
190:
3636:
4591:
2944:
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2741:
2352:. Properly designed in climates with adequate solar gain, these can even be a building's primary heating system.
1223:
3818:
2221:
High thermal resistance can be obtained by evacuating or filling the insulated glazing units with gases such as
1604:
4930:
4856:
4728:
4370:
2645:
2599:
2504:
850:
from the 12th century CE built on a tradition of arched windows inserted between columns, and led not only to
113:
35:
2649:
197:
1131:
is a bottom-pivoting casement window that opens by tilting vertically, typically to the inside, resembling a
4314:
2925:
2821:
2528:
2309:—in which most of the fenestration is designed to reflect summer heat load and help prevent summer interior
1831:
1815:
1797:
is a window consisting of at least one sliding glass component, typically composed of two lites (known as a
1756:
1384:
1182:
875:
398:
293:
171:
164:
60:
31:
4935:
2626:
2477:
1921:
855:
695:
3278:
3251:
1672:
and triple-glazing. Triple-paned windows are now a common type of glazing in central to northern Europe.
4871:
4675:
4216:
4110:
3284:
3257:
1886:
1545:
1308:
is a window built into a roof structure. This type of window allows for natural daylight and moonlight.
374:
204:
4650:
2622:
671:
3385:
2423:
window glass plate dated to 1st to 4th century CE. Note the obvious curvature; this is not a flat pane
322:
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4299:
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1874:
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717:
584:
3819:"Saving Windows, Saving Money: Evaluating the Energy Performance of Window Retrofit and Replacement"
1951:
579:
is first recorded in the early 13th century, and originally referred to an unglazed hole in a roof.
4913:
4721:
3665:
3613:
2978:
2435:
2327:
1460:) near the edge of the window. Picture windows provide an unimpeded view, as if framing a picture.
1252:
964:
847:
776:
686:. Note the asymmetrical, slanted left side of the wall-frame, which lets sun rays reach the chancel
186:
1622:
A "French window" (two French doors on an exterior wall hinged to open outward together without a
4846:
4701:
4360:
4000:
3408:
3315:. Vol. 5: 1640-1750 2: Agrarian change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 781.
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2188:
2036:
1989:
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629:
in English is probably because of the Scandinavian influence on the English language by means of
514:
506:
4559:
1285:
3942:
3932:. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Architecture. Design Evaluation Project.
1690:
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4451:
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1960:
1926:
1898:
1819:
1673:
1646:
1561:
1437:
1431:
1194:
Windows beside a door or window are called side-, wing-, margen-lights, and flanking windows.
1075:
944:
923:
is a rectangular window usually divided into four lights by a mullion and transom that form a
605:
457:
390:
3877:
3708:
5046:
4991:
4763:
4478:
4231:
3400:
3038:
2775:
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2458:
1932:
1701:
1694:
1685:
1669:
1549:
1294:
790:
724:
608:
524:
409:
394:
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1857:
is the moulding, cornices and lintels often decorating the surrounding edges of the window.
1244:
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4427:
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4122:
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1219:
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1063:
1054:
617:
534:
417:
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2297:
is typically used to control the amount of solar light and heat entering the window(s).
775:
Over the centuries techniques were developed to shear through one side of a blown glass
663:
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4432:
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2855:
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2211:
1895:(AL), measured in cubic foot per minute per linear foot of crack between sash and frame
1883:(SHGC), ratio of solar heat (infrared) passing through the glass to incident solar heat
1500:
1290:
1227:
1005:
998:
736:
651:
109:
1651:
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861:
Peter Smith discusses overall trends in early-modern rural Welsh window architecture:
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1759:, sill and jambs), usually filled with a glass pane. Multiple panes are divided by
1412:
1357:
1321:
1079:
969:
920:
898:
769:
469:
453:
445:
402:
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3404:
678:
284:
3386:"Predicting Window View Preferences Using the Environmental Information Criteria"
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1822:. This makes the window fixing weatherproof but allows for expansion due to heat.
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4517:
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3804:
Carmody, J., Selkowitz, S., Lee, E. S., Arasteh, D., & Willmert, T. (2004).
3637:"U.S. Dept. of Transportation: Safety information for bus/motorcoach passengers"
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3018:
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1838:
1774:
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1573:
1453:
1345:
993:
924:
871:
787:
786:
Modern-style floor-to-ceiling windows became possible only after the industrial
768:
described glass windows as a feature of the palace belonging to the king of the
749:
721:
713:
461:
441:
413:
382:
153:
66:
3138:"HvaĂ°an kemur orĂ°iĂ° gluggi? Af hverju notum viĂ° ekki vindauga samanber window?"
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Novel and Traditional Fillers for Plastics: Technology and Market Developments
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1937:
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structure. It is one of the few windows that could be used as an exit. Larger
1316:
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1239:
960:
894:
753:
699:
634:
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429:
17:
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the day and release it when temperatures cool at night—increases comfort and
1773:
is a compound window pane madeup of small pieces of glass held together in a
4813:
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4696:
4600:
4502:
4412:
4355:
4294:
4267:
4226:
4098:
3173:
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2215:
2198:
A typical installation of insulated glazing windows with uPVC window frames.
1940:
1735:
1042:
890:
882:
667:
485:
3101:
1016:
716:
were used as early as the 14th century. In the 19th century American west,
646:
545:
1889:(VT), ratio of transmitted visible light divided by incident visible light
1045:
sash windows, presumably because of their traditional use in that county.
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2564:
2508:
2061:
1472:
is a window glazed with small panes of glass separated by wooden or lead
1325:
1305:
1280:
1078:, but in parts of Europe, they tend to use projection friction stays and
630:
468:
windows, French windows, panel windows, double/triple-paned windows, and
437:
421:
378:
3210:
4827:
4817:
4808:
4803:
4635:
4620:
4579:
4569:
4407:
4365:
4289:
4221:
4190:
4172:
4144:
4076:
2726:
2699:
2536:
2462:
2265:
2226:
1892:
1760:
1709:
1705:
1623:
1577:
1478:
1087:
943:; and a row of small windows usually under the front eaves such as the
851:
780:
745:
510:
358:
2031:
a well-maintained wood window built before 1950 can last 50–100 years
1202:
4822:
4507:
4483:
4456:
4417:
4351:
4309:
4272:
4262:
4185:
4178:
4134:
4061:
2691:
2485:
2261:
1826:
1764:
1631:
1533:
1457:
1367:
1298:
1215:
1207:
1116:
940:
903:
741:
670:"mullion"-divided decorative windows in Santa Maria La Major church (
598:'eye-door'. Many Germanic languages, however, adopted the Latin word
425:
3571:. 2nd ed. Oxford England: Oxford University Press, 2006. 285. Print.
1963:
units consist of two or more panes to reduce the transfer of heat.
1181:
A transom window is a window above a door. In an exterior door the
533:
remains as a term for a hole through the roof of a hut, and in the
4893:
4861:
4851:
4831:
4706:
4640:
4397:
4324:
4319:
4103:
4020:
2959:
2676:
2532:
2222:
2193:
2109:
1950:
1931:
1920:
1734:
1689:
1650:
1523:
1383:
1315:
1284:
1243:
1201:
1112:
1098:
1058:
1015:
709:
691:
677:
662:
362:
3467:
NKBA (National Kitchen and Bath Association) (October 29, 2013).
3123:
1959:
Windows can be a significant source of heat transfer. Therefore,
939:
is used in two ways: a curved top window in a wall or an eyebrow
874:
technology made possible the introduction of picture windows (in
5001:
4986:
4945:
4898:
4866:
4841:
4836:
4783:
4304:
4284:
4016:
3760:
3346:(May 13, 2008) . "Ranchers, Picture Windows and Morning Rooms".
2512:
2294:
2011:
1341:
1260:
593:
587:
412:, single-hung, and double-hung sash windows, horizontal sliding
354:
350:
346:
342:
3989:
3197:
Fage, J. D. (1957). "Ancient Ghana: A Review Of The Evidence".
2958:
Very high windows in the entrance to a residential building in
3856:
Washington Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation
1004:
Double-hung sash windows were traditionally often fitted with
800:
645:
is still used to describe the arrangement of windows within a
366:
147:
81:
40:
1791:, etc., refer to the number of these glass panes in a window.
1580:
separating them, that open outward with opposing hinges to a
3434:
Oxford Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
3823:
Resource Library – National Trust for Historic Preservation
2763:
window of a house on Strada Jean-Louis Calderon (Bucharest)
2313:
and glare, by canting windows to nearly a 45 degree angle.
1944:
1925:
Examples of modern plastic and wooden window profiles with
1980:
Frames and sashes can be made of the following materials:
2824:
window of the Stroescu House on Strada Dianei (Bucharest)
2269:
coverings are practical accommodations for these issues.
2081:
mostly thermally broken by a thermal insulation profile
1020:
Foldup window (inward swinging), cross-section side view
3569:
A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
3470:
Kitchen & Bath Residential Construction and Systems
1936:
Modern wooden framed window fitted in the 14th century
817:
405:
the window shut or to hold it open by various amounts.
105:
2909:
Serving window of a Mexican restaurant in the city of
2893:
Window with shutters of the Lutheran wooden church in
2839:
house with stained glass windows on Stillemansstraat (
365:
and may also allow the passage of sound and sometimes
2166:
2164:
1877:, best values are around U-0.15 (equal to 0.8 W/m2/K)
1452:
is a large fixed window in a wall, typically without
1830:
is a beam over the top of a window, also known as a
1596:
in Italy, and frequently are used in modern houses.
116:, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a
4959:
4772:
4689:
4536:
4379:
4209:
4153:
4027:
3732:(2, illustrated ed.). Nelson Thornes. p.
1755:, is the area between the outer parts of a window (
906:are considered to be the most important by people.
694:for windows, a technology likely first produced in
641:was used as a parallel until the mid-18th century.
178:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3455:American Architecture: An Illustrated Encyclopedia
3525:(3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. p. 654.
2793:window of a house on Bulevardul Dacia (Bucharest)
1544:is a window composed of pieces of colored glass,
1082:locking. Formerly, plain hinges were used with a
408:Types include the eyebrow window, fixed windows,
3808:. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
3066:
3064:
3062:
3060:
1456:, or glazed with only perfunctory glazing bars (
1320:Hexagonal external cladding panels of a roof in
1111:is a casement window that is hung horizontally,
3199:Transactions of the Historical Society of Ghana
2778:windows of a building in Place du Caire (Paris)
564:
550:
543:
518:
500:
494:
488:
3967:. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.
3228:. Eyewitness. Dorling Kindersley. p. 16.
1348:meet building codes for emergency evacuation.
4001:
3965:Windows: Performance, design and installation
3963:Beckett, H. E., & Godfrey, J. A. (1974).
3806:Window Systems for High-Performance Buildings
3436:, 2nd ed., OUP, Oxford and New York, p. 214.
3352:. New York: Simon and Schuster. p. 207.
611:
528:
8:
3849:"Windows: Energy Efficiency Facts and Myths"
3169:Encyclopedia of African History 3-Volume Set
1783:is a unit of one non-moving lite. The terms
620:
537:
3981:Roman Glass from Metropolitan Museum of Art
2744:group of windows, on a lateral side of the
2579:Flamboyant Gothic window of a stair tower (
599:
75:Learn how and when to remove these messages
4008:
3994:
3986:
3882:. iSmithers Rapra Publishing. p. 95.
3825:. National Trust for Historic Preservation
2056:has a life span of 25–50 years in average
1115:on top, so that it swings outward like an
3384:Kent, Michael; Schiavon, Stefano (2022).
3312:The Agrarian History of England and Wales
3305:(1985). "21 Rural Building in Wales". In
2928:windows of the Cité de la musique (Paris)
2809:Classicist windows on Rue Molitor (Paris)
1259:A clerestory window is a window set in a
604:to describe a window with glass, such as
569:) word is pronounced fairly similarly to
256:Learn how and when to remove this message
238:Learn how and when to remove this message
136:Learn how and when to remove this message
3943:"MIT opens new 'window' on solar energy"
3567:Curl, James Stevens. "Flanking window".
3523:Fundamentals of Residential Construction
3494:Nielson, Karla J. (September 15, 1989).
3096:
3094:
3092:
1982:
1870:Window Label lists the following terms:
1676:is now being introduced in Scandinavia.
1528:Sunlight shining through stained glass,
592:, which literally means 'eye-hole', and
3906:. PRWeb. April 18, 2012. Archived from
3842:
3840:
3547:"Tilt-and-Turn Windows Gain Popularity"
3056:
2380:
2160:
1222:consists of parallel slats of glass or
690:The Romans were the first known to use
523:, the Icelandic word for 'window'). In
3584:Construction Estimating Reference Data
3279:"Windows in Church Architecture"
3252:"Windows in Church Architecture"
1263:structure or high in a wall, used for
655:, meaning 'to throw out of a window'.
97:contains content that is written like
3500:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 45.
2214:coated panes reduce heat transfer by
1560:houses, and are especially common in
7:
3521:Allen, Edward; Thallon, Rob (2011).
176:adding citations to reliable sources
2541:Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg
3930:Designing for the Elderly; Windows
3276:Kleinschmidt, Beda Julius (1912).
3249:Kleinschmidt, Beda Julius (1912).
2129:typically welded at corner joints
25:
3715:Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
3695:Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
56:This article has multiple issues.
5020:
5019:
3124:"New Oxford American Dictionary"
2951:
2933:
2918:
2902:
2886:
2867:
2848:
2829:
2814:
2798:
2783:
2768:
2753:
2734:
2707:
2684:
2661:
2638:
2615:
2588:
2572:
2552:
2531:stained glass window with Kings
2520:
2493:
2470:
2447:
2428:
2412:
2386:
1955:5-chamber plastic window profile
1875:Thermal transmittance (U-factor)
1612:
1603:
804:
727:processes were fully perfected.
321:
312:
303:
292:
283:
274:
152:
86:
45:
3847:Peterson Wasielewski, Shannon.
3104:. The Free Dictionary By Farlex
1584:or porch, are referred to as a
1289:Sidewalk skylight (also named '
163:needs additional citations for
64:or discuss these issues on the
2559:North transept windows in the
2399:window grill from a palace of
1039:horizontal sliding sash window
1:
3405:10.1080/15502724.2022.2077753
2340:Passive solar building design
2291:passive solar building design
756:
702:
369:. Modern windows are usually
27:Opening to admit light or air
3945:. Web.mit.edu. July 10, 2008
3876:Pritchard, Geoffrey (1999).
3432:Curl, James Stevens (2006).
2729:-derived ornament at the top
2373:can provide an alternative.
1336:is a sloped window used for
460:, windows, picture windows,
361:that allows the exchange of
1976:Frame and sash construction
1881:Solar heat gain coefficient
1482:, arranged in a decorative
1226:that open and close like a
331:Various examples of windows
5073:
3928:Howell, Sandra C. (1976).
3718:, access date July 4, 2017
3698:, access date July 4, 2017
3587:. Craftsman Book Company.
2405:Metropolitan Museum of Art
2337:
2320:
2279:Daylighting (architecture)
2276:
2256:Many windows have movable
2252:Other construction details
1683:
1644:
1517:
1429:
1410:
1377:
1355:
1277:Daylighting (architecture)
1274:
1237:
1052:
835:
563:. The Danish (but not the
480:The English language-word
464:, emergency exit windows,
29:
5015:
3473:. John Wiley & Sons.
3457:. New York: W. W. Norton.
3453:Harris, Cyril M. (1998).
2945:Cathedral Plaza Bucharest
2104:used in modern buildings
373:or covered in some other
4729:Multi-family residential
3224:Langley, Andrew (2011).
2600:Valday Iversky Monastery
2505:Jameh Mosque of Nishapur
2078:typically > 95%
1626:separating them) at the
1546:transparent, translucent
682:Alabaster window in the
36:Windows (disambiguation)
1899:Condensation resistance
1812:New construction window
1366:. May also be called a
1074:usually opened using a
1033:Horizontal sliding sash
982:single-hung sash window
889:or mesh, often made of
876:Levittown, Pennsylvania
637:. In English, the word
594:
588:
501:
495:
489:
389:, or closed to exclude
32:Window (disambiguation)
5052:Architectural elements
2627:Stavropoleos Monastery
2199:
1956:
1948:
1929:
1744:
1739:Casement window, with
1697:
1657:
1537:
1396:
1329:
1301:
1256:
1211:
1104:
1066:
1021:
878:, founded 1951–1952).
868:
846:into Western European
687:
675:
621:
612:
600:
565:
551:
544:
538:
529:
519:
3757:Windows and Heat Loss
3730:Carpentry and Joinery
3728:Brett, Peter (2004).
3285:Catholic Encyclopedia
3258:Catholic Encyclopedia
2345:Passive solar windows
2197:
1954:
1935:
1924:
1887:Visible transmittance
1738:
1693:
1654:
1634:, early 20th century.
1527:
1494:Emergency exit/egress
1387:
1319:
1288:
1247:
1205:
1158:tilt and slide window
1102:
1062:
1019:
863:
718:greased paper windows
681:
666:
559:is lost, just as for
555:, the direct link to
393:. Windows may have a
118:neutral point of view
3763:Heat Loss Fact Sheet
3581:Sarviel, Ed (1993).
3009:Greased paper window
3004:Glass mullion system
2717:round window of the
2328:Photovoltaic windows
2307:Brisbane, California
2181:structural strength.
1661:Double-paned windows
1542:stained glass window
1530:Nasir-ol-molk Mosque
1170:tilt and turn window
972:or overglass vents.
842:The introduction of
484:originates from the
172:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
4175: / Guest room
3910:on January 31, 2013
3786:on November 6, 2013
3666:The Free Dictionary
3614:The Free Dictionary
2979:Architectural glass
2457:latticed window in
2284:Sun incidence angle
2207:Glazing and filling
1854:Decorative millwork
1763:when load-bearing,
965:church architecture
885:windows may have a
848:church architecture
797:Fashions and trends
752:. Specifically, in
110:promotional content
4651:Servants' quarters
3344:Rybczynski, Witold
2746:Romanian Athenaeum
2725:, France), with a
2561:Chartres Cathedral
2440:Kalleshvara Temple
2200:
1990:Thermal resistance
1957:
1949:
1930:
1866:The United States
1805:Replacement window
1745:
1698:
1666:thermal insulation
1658:
1538:
1397:
1330:
1302:
1257:
1212:
1105:
1067:
1022:
816:. You can help by
688:
684:Valencia Cathedral
676:
112:and inappropriate
5034:
5033:
4452:Janitorial closet
4186:Bedsit / Miniflat
3889:978-1-85957-183-5
3743:978-0-7487-8502-5
3594:978-0-934041-84-3
3532:978-0-470-54083-1
3497:Window Treatments
3480:978-1-118-71104-0
3442:978-0-19-860678-9
3235:978-1-4053-4545-3
3183:978-1-135-45670-2
3164:Kevin Shillington
3014:Insulated glazing
2895:Born auf dem DarĂź
2860:Reliance Building
2482:Little Metropolis
2350:energy efficiency
2311:over-illumination
2273:Impact of the sun
2157:
2156:
2003:Recycled content
1961:insulated glazing
1927:insulated glazing
1846:Secondary glazing
1820:polyurethane foam
1722:guillotine window
1716:Guillotine window
1674:Quadruple glazing
1647:Insulated glazing
1628:Embassy of France
1470:multi-lite window
1432:Diocletian window
947:in Pennsylvania.
945:James-Lorah House
834:
833:
410:hexagonal windows
391:inclement weather
266:
265:
258:
248:
247:
240:
222:
146:
145:
138:
79:
16:(Redirected from
5064:
5023:
5022:
4992:Home improvement
4764:Studio apartment
4556:Kitchen-related
4232:Conversation pit
4019:and spaces of a
4010:
4003:
3996:
3987:
3968:
3961:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3950:
3939:
3933:
3926:
3920:
3919:
3917:
3915:
3900:
3894:
3893:
3873:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3853:
3844:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3830:
3815:
3809:
3802:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3785:
3779:. Archived from
3778:
3770:
3764:
3754:
3748:
3747:
3725:
3719:
3705:
3699:
3685:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3657:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3646:
3641:
3633:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3622:
3609:"Picture window"
3605:
3599:
3598:
3578:
3572:
3565:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3554:
3543:
3537:
3536:
3518:
3512:
3511:
3491:
3485:
3484:
3464:
3458:
3451:
3445:
3430:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3390:
3381:
3375:
3374:
3368:
3366:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3299:
3293:
3292:
3288:. Vol. 15.
3281:
3273:
3267:
3266:
3264:straight lintel.
3261:. Vol. 15.
3254:
3246:
3240:
3239:
3221:
3215:
3214:
3194:
3188:
3187:
3160:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3149:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3098:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3068:
3039:Window treatment
2955:
2937:
2922:
2906:
2890:
2871:
2852:
2833:
2818:
2802:
2791:Romanian Revival
2787:
2776:Egyptian Revival
2772:
2757:
2738:
2711:
2688:
2665:
2642:
2619:
2604:Lake Valdayskoye
2592:
2576:
2556:
2524:
2497:
2474:
2451:
2432:
2416:
2394:Ancient Egyptian
2390:
2258:window coverings
2229:, which reduces
2182:
2178:
2172:
2168:
1983:
1967:Grids or muntins
1702:hexagonal window
1695:Hexagonal window
1686:Hexagonal window
1680:Hexagonal window
1616:
1607:
1556:houses and some
1295:Burlington House
1214:Also known as a
988:Double-hung sash
976:Single-hung sash
829:
826:
808:
801:
758:
707:
704:
624:
615:
603:
597:
591:
568:
554:
549:
541:
532:
522:
504:
498:
492:
418:casement windows
325:
316:
307:
296:
287:
278:
261:
254:
243:
236:
232:
229:
223:
221:
180:
156:
148:
141:
134:
130:
127:
121:
99:an advertisement
90:
89:
82:
71:
49:
48:
41:
21:
5072:
5071:
5067:
5066:
5065:
5063:
5062:
5061:
5037:
5036:
5035:
5030:
5026:Category: Rooms
5011:
4955:
4776:
4768:
4734:Secondary suite
4685:
4560:butler's pantry
4532:
4475:Mechanical room
4428:Electrical room
4387:
4375:
4205:
4149:
4123:Recreation room
4023:
4014:
3977:
3972:
3971:
3962:
3958:
3948:
3946:
3941:
3940:
3936:
3927:
3923:
3913:
3911:
3902:
3901:
3897:
3890:
3875:
3874:
3870:
3860:
3858:
3851:
3846:
3845:
3838:
3828:
3826:
3817:
3816:
3812:
3803:
3799:
3789:
3787:
3783:
3776:
3774:"CPR guideline"
3772:
3771:
3767:
3755:
3751:
3744:
3727:
3726:
3722:
3706:
3702:
3686:
3682:
3672:
3670:
3661:"Stained glass"
3659:
3658:
3654:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3635:
3634:
3630:
3620:
3618:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3595:
3580:
3579:
3575:
3566:
3562:
3552:
3550:
3549:. June 11, 2021
3545:
3544:
3540:
3533:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3508:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3481:
3466:
3465:
3461:
3452:
3448:
3431:
3427:
3417:
3415:
3388:
3383:
3382:
3378:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3301:
3300:
3296:
3275:
3274:
3270:
3248:
3247:
3243:
3236:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3184:
3176:. p. 564.
3162:
3161:
3157:
3147:
3145:
3142:VĂsindavefurinn
3136:
3135:
3131:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3107:
3105:
3100:
3099:
3090:
3080:
3078:
3070:
3069:
3058:
3053:
3048:
2989:Demerara window
2969:
2962:
2956:
2947:
2938:
2929:
2923:
2914:
2907:
2898:
2891:
2882:
2877:windows of the
2872:
2863:
2856:Chicago windows
2853:
2844:
2834:
2825:
2819:
2810:
2803:
2794:
2788:
2779:
2773:
2764:
2758:
2749:
2739:
2730:
2712:
2703:
2694:windows of the
2689:
2680:
2673:Palazzo Sormani
2666:
2657:
2650:Hôtel d'Assézat
2643:
2634:
2620:
2611:
2608:Novgorod Oblast
2593:
2584:
2577:
2568:
2557:
2548:
2525:
2516:
2498:
2489:
2475:
2466:
2452:
2443:
2433:
2424:
2417:
2408:
2407:(New York City)
2391:
2382:Various windows
2379:
2362:window covering
2358:
2342:
2336:
2325:
2319:
2286:
2281:
2275:
2254:
2209:
2186:
2185:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2162:
1978:
1969:
1919:
1864:
1730:
1718:
1688:
1682:
1649:
1643:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1609:
1608:
1570:
1522:
1516:
1496:
1484:glazing pattern
1466:
1446:
1434:
1428:
1415:
1409:
1382:
1376:
1360:
1354:
1340:, built into a
1314:
1283:
1275:Main articles:
1273:
1251:windows in the
1242:
1236:
1220:jalousie window
1200:
1198:Jalousie window
1192:
1179:
1166:
1154:
1141:
1125:
1097:
1071:casement window
1064:Casement window
1057:
1055:Casement window
1051:
1035:
1014:
990:
978:
953:
933:
917:
912:
840:
830:
824:
821:
814:needs expansion
799:
733:
705:
661:
535:Danish language
478:
377:or translucent
335:
334:
333:
332:
328:
327:
326:
318:
317:
309:
308:
299:
298:
297:
289:
288:
280:
279:
262:
251:
250:
249:
244:
233:
227:
224:
181:
179:
169:
157:
142:
131:
125:
122:
103:
91:
87:
50:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5070:
5068:
5060:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5039:
5038:
5032:
5031:
5029:
5028:
5016:
5013:
5012:
5010:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4963:
4961:
4957:
4956:
4954:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4875:
4874:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4825:
4820:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4780:
4778:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4725:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4704:
4699:
4693:
4691:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4646:Servants' hall
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4589:
4588:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4554:
4549:
4543:
4541:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4472:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4435:
4433:Equipment room
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4394:
4392:
4377:
4376:
4374:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4349:
4347:Secret passage
4344:
4339:
4338:
4337:
4332:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4276:
4275:
4265:
4256:
4255:
4254:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4213:
4211:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4170:
4169:
4168:
4157:
4155:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4131:
4130:
4120:
4119:
4118:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4096:
4091:
4090:
4089:
4084:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4033:
4031:
4025:
4024:
4015:
4013:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3990:
3984:
3983:
3976:
3975:External links
3973:
3970:
3969:
3956:
3934:
3921:
3895:
3888:
3868:
3836:
3810:
3797:
3765:
3749:
3742:
3720:
3700:
3680:
3652:
3628:
3600:
3593:
3573:
3560:
3538:
3531:
3513:
3506:
3486:
3479:
3459:
3446:
3425:
3399:(2): 190–209.
3376:
3358:
3335:
3321:
3294:
3268:
3241:
3234:
3216:
3189:
3182:
3155:
3144:(in Icelandic)
3129:
3115:
3088:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2994:Display window
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2974:Airflow window
2970:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2957:
2950:
2948:
2939:
2932:
2930:
2924:
2917:
2915:
2908:
2901:
2899:
2892:
2885:
2883:
2873:
2866:
2864:
2854:
2847:
2845:
2835:
2828:
2826:
2820:
2813:
2811:
2804:
2797:
2795:
2789:
2782:
2780:
2774:
2767:
2765:
2761:Gothic Revival
2759:
2752:
2750:
2740:
2733:
2731:
2713:
2706:
2704:
2690:
2683:
2681:
2671:window of the
2667:
2660:
2658:
2648:window of the
2644:
2637:
2635:
2625:window of the
2621:
2614:
2612:
2598:window of the
2594:
2587:
2585:
2578:
2571:
2569:
2558:
2551:
2549:
2526:
2519:
2517:
2503:window of the
2499:
2492:
2490:
2480:window of the
2476:
2469:
2467:
2453:
2446:
2444:
2438:window of the
2434:
2427:
2425:
2419:Fragment of a
2418:
2411:
2409:
2392:
2385:
2383:
2378:
2375:
2357:
2354:
2338:Main article:
2335:
2332:
2321:Main article:
2318:
2315:
2303:Dakin Building
2293:, an extended
2285:
2282:
2277:Main article:
2274:
2271:
2253:
2250:
2212:Low-emissivity
2208:
2205:
2184:
2183:
2173:
2159:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2131:
2130:
2127:
2126:> 98%
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2106:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2037:uPVC ("vinyl")
2033:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2008:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1987:
1977:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1918:
1915:
1903:
1902:
1896:
1890:
1884:
1878:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1850:
1843:
1835:
1823:
1809:
1802:
1792:
1778:
1768:
1729:
1726:
1717:
1714:
1684:Main article:
1681:
1678:
1645:Main article:
1642:
1639:
1621:
1620:
1611:
1610:
1602:
1601:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1592:in France and
1569:
1566:
1518:Main article:
1515:
1512:
1508:building codes
1501:emergency exit
1495:
1492:
1488:lattice window
1465:
1462:
1450:picture window
1445:
1442:
1430:Main article:
1427:
1424:
1411:Main article:
1408:
1405:
1378:Main article:
1375:
1372:
1356:Main article:
1353:
1350:
1313:
1310:
1291:pavement light
1272:
1269:
1238:Main article:
1235:
1232:
1228:Venetian blind
1199:
1196:
1191:
1188:
1178:
1175:
1165:
1162:
1153:
1152:Tilt and slide
1150:
1140:
1137:
1124:
1121:
1096:
1093:
1053:Main article:
1050:
1047:
1034:
1031:
1013:
1010:
999:cottage window
989:
986:
977:
974:
952:
949:
937:eyebrow window
932:
929:
916:
913:
911:
908:
870:The spread of
854:and elaborate
844:lancet windows
832:
831:
811:
809:
798:
795:
732:
729:
660:
657:
652:defenestration
542:and Norwegian
477:
474:
456:, thermal, or
434:lancet windows
330:
329:
320:
319:
311:
310:
302:
301:
300:
291:
290:
282:
281:
273:
272:
271:
270:
269:
264:
263:
246:
245:
160:
158:
151:
144:
143:
114:external links
94:
92:
85:
80:
54:
53:
51:
44:
26:
24:
18:Eyebrow window
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5069:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5027:
5018:
5017:
5014:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4958:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4781:
4779:
4775:
4774:Architectural
4771:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4754:Semi-detached
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4709:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4688:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4671:Swimming pool
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4611:Great chamber
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4593:
4590:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4535:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4523:Wiring closet
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4494:Semi-basement
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4467:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4395:
4393:
4391:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4327:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4274:
4271:
4270:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4260:
4257:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4208:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4156:
4154:Private rooms
4152:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4129:
4128:billiard room
4126:
4125:
4124:
4121:
4117:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4109:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4082:dirty kitchen
4080:
4079:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4030:
4026:
4022:
4018:
4011:
4006:
4004:
3999:
3997:
3992:
3991:
3988:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3974:
3966:
3960:
3957:
3944:
3938:
3935:
3931:
3925:
3922:
3909:
3905:
3899:
3896:
3891:
3885:
3881:
3880:
3872:
3869:
3857:
3850:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3824:
3820:
3814:
3811:
3807:
3801:
3798:
3782:
3775:
3769:
3766:
3762:
3758:
3753:
3750:
3745:
3739:
3735:
3731:
3724:
3721:
3717:
3716:
3711:
3710:
3709:French window
3704:
3701:
3697:
3696:
3691:
3690:
3684:
3681:
3668:
3667:
3662:
3656:
3653:
3638:
3632:
3629:
3616:
3615:
3610:
3604:
3601:
3596:
3590:
3586:
3585:
3577:
3574:
3570:
3564:
3561:
3548:
3542:
3539:
3534:
3528:
3524:
3517:
3514:
3509:
3507:0-471-28946-9
3503:
3499:
3498:
3490:
3487:
3482:
3476:
3472:
3471:
3463:
3460:
3456:
3450:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3429:
3426:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3387:
3380:
3377:
3373:
3372:Pennsylvania.
3361:
3359:9780743235976
3355:
3351:
3350:
3345:
3339:
3336:
3324:
3322:9780521257756
3318:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3304:
3298:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3286:
3280:
3272:
3269:
3265:
3260:
3259:
3253:
3245:
3242:
3237:
3231:
3227:
3226:Medieval Life
3220:
3217:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3193:
3190:
3185:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3159:
3156:
3148:September 17,
3143:
3139:
3133:
3130:
3125:
3119:
3116:
3103:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3089:
3077:
3073:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3057:
3050:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2954:
2949:
2946:
2942:
2936:
2931:
2927:
2921:
2916:
2912:
2905:
2900:
2896:
2889:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2851:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2827:
2823:
2817:
2812:
2808:
2805:19th century
2801:
2796:
2792:
2786:
2781:
2777:
2771:
2766:
2762:
2756:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2737:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2719:Petit Trianon
2716:
2710:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2687:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2664:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2641:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2618:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2591:
2586:
2582:
2575:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2555:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2473:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2450:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2431:
2426:
2422:
2415:
2410:
2406:
2403:, now in the
2402:
2398:
2395:
2389:
2384:
2381:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2363:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2334:Passive solar
2333:
2331:
2329:
2324:
2323:Photovoltaics
2316:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2296:
2292:
2283:
2280:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2238:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2206:
2204:
2196:
2192:
2190:
2177:
2174:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1975:
1973:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1953:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1934:
1928:
1923:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1911:non essential
1908:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1861:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1771:Lattice light
1769:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1696:
1692:
1687:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1662:
1653:
1648:
1640:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1615:
1606:
1597:
1595:
1594:portafinestra
1591:
1590:porte-fenĂŞtre
1587:
1586:French window
1583:
1579:
1575:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1535:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1520:Stained glass
1514:Stained glass
1513:
1511:
1509:
1504:
1502:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1471:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1433:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1414:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1327:
1323:
1318:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1209:
1204:
1197:
1195:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1164:Tilt and turn
1163:
1161:
1159:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1129:hopper window
1122:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1109:awning window
1103:Awning window
1101:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1084:casement stay
1081:
1077:
1072:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1018:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1002:
1000:
995:
987:
985:
983:
975:
973:
971:
970:trickle vents
966:
962:
958:
950:
948:
946:
942:
938:
930:
928:
926:
922:
914:
909:
907:
905:
900:
896:
892:
888:
887:window screen
884:
879:
877:
873:
867:
862:
859:
857:
856:stained-glass
853:
849:
845:
839:
838:Church window
828:
819:
815:
812:This section
810:
807:
803:
802:
796:
794:
792:
789:
784:
782:
778:
773:
771:
767:
762:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
730:
728:
726:
723:
719:
715:
711:
701:
697:
693:
685:
680:
673:
669:
665:
658:
656:
654:
653:
649:, as well as
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
625:. The use of
623:
619:
614:
610:
607:
602:
596:
590:
586:
583:replaced the
582:
578:
574:
572:
567:
562:
558:
553:
548:
547:
540:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
512:
508:
503:
497:
491:
487:
483:
475:
473:
471:
470:witch windows
467:
466:stained glass
463:
459:
455:
454:oriel windows
451:
447:
446:roof lanterns
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
406:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
324:
315:
306:
295:
286:
277:
268:
260:
257:
242:
239:
231:
220:
217:
213:
210:
206:
203:
199:
196:
192:
189: –
188:
184:
183:Find sources:
177:
173:
167:
166:
161:This article
159:
155:
150:
149:
140:
137:
129:
119:
115:
111:
107:
101:
100:
95:This article
93:
84:
83:
78:
76:
69:
68:
63:
62:
57:
52:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
4950:
4904:Roof lantern
4656:Smoking room
4626:Long gallery
4606:Drawing room
4592:Conservatory
4499:Storm cellar
4470:Storage room
4466:Utility room
4462:Laundry room
4438:Furnace room
4029:Shared rooms
3964:
3959:
3949:February 11,
3947:. Retrieved
3937:
3929:
3924:
3914:February 11,
3912:. Retrieved
3908:the original
3898:
3878:
3871:
3859:. Retrieved
3855:
3827:. Retrieved
3822:
3813:
3805:
3800:
3790:February 13,
3788:. Retrieved
3781:the original
3768:
3752:
3729:
3723:
3713:
3707:
3703:
3693:
3687:
3683:
3671:. Retrieved
3664:
3655:
3645:February 11,
3643:. Retrieved
3631:
3619:. Retrieved
3612:
3603:
3583:
3576:
3568:
3563:
3551:. Retrieved
3541:
3522:
3516:
3496:
3489:
3469:
3462:
3454:
3449:
3433:
3428:
3416:. Retrieved
3396:
3392:
3379:
3370:
3363:. Retrieved
3348:
3338:
3326:. Retrieved
3311:
3307:Thirsk, Joan
3303:Smith, Peter
3297:
3289:
3283:
3271:
3262:
3256:
3244:
3225:
3219:
3202:
3198:
3192:
3168:
3158:
3146:. Retrieved
3141:
3132:
3118:
3106:. Retrieved
3079:. Retrieved
3075:
3044:Witch window
2941:Contemporary
2913:(California)
2879:Horta Museum
2841:Sint-Niklaas
2742:Neoclassical
2623:Brâncovenesc
2401:Ramesses III
2359:
2344:
2343:
2326:
2317:Solar window
2299:
2287:
2255:
2245:
2242:glazing bars
2241:
2239:
2235:
2220:
2210:
2201:
2187:
2176:
1997:Maintenance
1979:
1970:
1958:
1917:Construction
1910:
1906:
1904:
1865:
1852:
1845:
1837:
1825:
1811:
1804:
1799:double-light
1798:
1794:
1789:double-light
1788:
1785:single-light
1784:
1781:Fixed window
1780:
1770:
1752:
1748:
1731:
1721:
1719:
1699:
1660:
1659:
1641:Double-paned
1593:
1589:
1585:
1571:
1539:
1499:
1497:
1487:
1483:
1477:
1474:glazing bars
1473:
1469:
1467:
1454:glazing bars
1449:
1447:
1436:Thermal, or
1435:
1419:oriel window
1418:
1416:
1413:Oriel window
1398:
1361:
1358:Roof lantern
1352:Roof lantern
1346:roof windows
1333:
1331:
1322:Eden Project
1303:
1258:
1218:window, the
1213:
1206:Jalousie or
1193:
1180:
1169:
1167:
1157:
1155:
1145:pivot window
1144:
1142:
1128:
1126:
1108:
1106:
1080:espagnolette
1068:
1038:
1036:
1025:
1023:
1003:
997:is termed a
991:
981:
979:
957:fixed window
956:
954:
936:
934:
921:cross-window
918:
880:
869:
864:
860:
841:
825:January 2023
822:
818:adding to it
813:
791:glass-making
785:
774:
770:Ghana Empire
734:
731:Technologies
725:glass making
689:
650:
643:Fenestration
642:
638:
626:
580:
576:
575:
570:
560:
556:
481:
479:
462:rose windows
442:roof windows
414:sash windows
407:
338:
336:
267:
252:
234:
225:
215:
208:
201:
194:
182:
170:Please help
165:verification
162:
132:
123:
108:by removing
104:Please help
96:
72:
65:
59:
58:Please help
55:
4997:Home repair
4794:Belt course
4702:Hidden room
4631:Lumber room
4547:Antechamber
4538:Great house
4518:Wine cellar
4489:Root cellar
4442:Boiler room
4423:Crawl space
4094:Living room
4087:kitchenette
4072:Home cinema
4057:Family room
4052:Dining room
4042:Common room
3689:French Door
3553:January 25,
3418:November 9,
3365:January 18,
3328:January 18,
3205:(2): 3–24.
3029:Rose window
3019:Plate glass
2984:Crown glass
2943:windows of
2875:Art Nouveau
2748:(Bucharest)
2646:Renaissance
2371:smart glass
2367:window film
2086:Composites
1994:Durability
1893:Air leakage
1839:Window sill
1574:French door
1389:Bay windows
1338:daylighting
1334:roof window
1293:') outside
1265:daylighting
994:sash window
963:windows in
925:Latin cross
872:plate-glass
761:blown-glass
750:Roman Egypt
714:animal horn
696:Roman Egypt
633:during the
585:Old English
527:, the word
499:'wind' and
450:bay windows
397:or similar
387:ventilation
375:transparent
5041:Categories
5007:Tree house
4977:Front yard
4909:Sill plate
4857:Foundation
4799:Bressummer
4712:house plan
4681:Undercroft
4666:State room
4616:Great hall
4585:still room
4252:dumbwaiter
4237:Cubby-hole
4067:Great room
4037:Bonus room
3076:Britannica
3051:References
3034:Window tax
2926:Postmodern
2881:(Brussels)
2843:, Belgium)
2822:Beaux-Arts
2723:Versailles
2702:, Germany)
2633:, Romania)
2545:Strasbourg
2529:Romanesque
2527:Part of a
2237:coatings.
2231:conductive
2189:Composites
2142:very good
2139:very good
2135:Fiberglass
2089:very good
2066:very good
2044:very good
2041:very good
2016:very good
1938:Lyme Regis
1464:Multi-lite
1438:Diocletian
1401:bay window
1380:Bay window
1364:clerestory
1328:, England)
1253:Notre-Dame
1249:Clerestory
1240:Clerestory
1234:Clerestory
1190:Side light
961:Clerestory
897:, to keep
895:fibreglass
883:modern day
836:See also:
754:Alexandria
706: 100
700:Alexandria
635:Viking Age
505:'eye'. In
458:Diocletian
430:clerestory
198:newspapers
126:March 2024
106:improve it
61:improve it
4931:Threshold
4814:Colonnade
4759:Townhouse
4697:Furniture
4601:Courtyard
4503:Safe room
4413:Cloakroom
4381:Technical
4371:Vestibule
4356:Staircase
4295:Inglenook
4268:Fireplace
4227:Breezeway
4099:Gynaeceum
3861:March 31,
3829:March 31,
3413:251121476
3174:Routledge
2999:Fortochka
2897:(Germany)
2862:(Chicago)
2715:Louis XVI
2656:, France)
2631:Bucharest
2610:, Russia)
2583:, France)
2567:, France)
2547:, France)
2488:, Greece)
2478:Byzantine
2397:sandstone
2356:Coverings
2216:radiation
2171:strength.
2145:very low
2120:very low
2117:superior
2095:very low
2072:very low
2053:very low
2047:very low
2019:variable
1986:Material
1941:watermill
1907:essential
1795:Sash unit
1767:when not.
1558:Wrightian
1554:Victorian
1043:Yorkshire
935:The term
766:Al-Idrisi
744:(such as
668:Alabaster
631:loanwords
515:Icelandic
507:Norwegian
486:Old Norse
476:Etymology
438:skylights
432:windows,
428:windows,
399:mechanism
228:July 2024
67:talk page
4972:Driveway
4967:Backyard
4926:Skylight
4889:Plumbing
4884:Ornament
4879:Lighting
4789:Baluster
4777:elements
4749:Detached
4744:Terraced
4596:Orangery
4575:scullery
4552:Ballroom
4528:Workshop
4513:Wardrobe
4501: /
4468: /
4464: /
4440: /
4403:Basement
4335:sleeping
4330:screened
4315:Overhang
4259:Entryway
4247:Elevator
4161:Bathroom
4116:man cave
3669:. Farlex
3617:. Farlex
3211:41405704
3166:(2013).
3102:"Window"
3072:"Window"
3024:Porthole
2967:See also
2837:Art Deco
2807:Eclectic
2679:, Italy)
2654:Toulouse
2581:Toulouse
2565:Chartres
2509:Nishapur
2465:, China)
2266:curtains
2260:such as
2062:Aluminum
2050:average
2025:average
2006:Comment
1862:Labeling
1849:building
1761:mullions
1741:latticed
1562:churches
1395:, Poland
1326:Cornwall
1324:Biomes (
1306:skylight
1281:Skylight
1271:Skylight
1216:louvered
1208:louvered
1049:Casement
1006:shutters
891:aluminum
777:cylinder
737:Shutters
674:, Spain)
639:fenester
606:standard
601:fenestra
490:vindauga
426:louvered
422:jalousie
379:material
187:"Window"
5047:Windows
4960:Related
4936:Transom
4828:Cornice
4818:Portico
4809:Chimney
4804:Ceiling
4636:Parlour
4621:Library
4580:spicery
4570:saucery
4565:buttery
4408:Carport
4390:storage
4385:utility
4366:Veranda
4361:Terrace
4290:Hallway
4222:Balcony
4201:Nursery
4196:Cabinet
4191:Boudoir
4173:Bedroom
4145:Sunroom
4077:Kitchen
3673:May 19,
3621:May 19,
3309:(ed.).
3126:. 2010.
3108:May 19,
3081:May 19,
2858:of the
2727:festoon
2700:Dresden
2696:Zwinger
2669:Baroque
2596:Russian
2537:Solomon
2501:Islamic
2463:Jiangsu
2455:Chinese
2442:(India)
2377:Gallery
2246:muntins
2227:krypton
2151:medium
2114:medium
1832:transom
1816:glazing
1775:lattice
1765:muntins
1757:transom
1710:mullion
1706:hexagon
1670:glazing
1656:windows
1624:mullion
1582:terrace
1578:mullion
1479:muntins
1458:muntins
1444:Picture
1426:Thermal
1393:KĹ‚odzko
1255:(Paris)
1224:acrylic
1183:transom
1177:Transom
1135:chute.
1088:Handing
931:Eyebrow
852:tracery
781:mullion
746:fengite
672:Morella
659:History
622:Fenster
613:fönster
609:Swedish
595:eagduru
589:eagĂľyrl
530:vindöga
525:Swedish
511:Nynorsk
493:, from
359:vehicle
343:opening
212:scholar
5024:
4982:Garden
4951:Window
4894:Quoins
4872:Portal
4823:Column
4739:Duplex
4717:styles
4676:Turret
4508:Studio
4484:Pantry
4457:Larder
4447:Garage
4418:Closet
4352:Stairs
4310:Loggia
4273:hearth
4263:Genkan
4217:Atrium
4210:Spaces
4179:closet
4166:toilet
4135:Shrine
4111:Andron
4062:Garret
3886:
3740:
3591:
3529:
3504:
3477:
3440:
3411:
3393:LEUKOS
3356:
3319:
3232:
3209:
3180:
2692:Rococo
2486:Athens
2459:Zhenze
2436:Indian
2262:blinds
1827:Lintel
1808:frame.
1743:lights
1632:Lisbon
1568:French
1550:opaque
1536:, Iran
1534:Shiraz
1503:window
1368:cupola
1299:London
1210:window
1133:hopper
1123:Hopper
1117:awning
1113:hinged
1095:Awning
1026:foldup
1012:Foldup
941:dormer
904:nature
742:marble
647:façade
627:window
618:German
581:Window
577:Window
571:window
566:BokmĂĄl
561:window
546:BokmĂĄl
539:vindue
520:gluggi
513:, and
482:window
371:glazed
341:is an
339:window
214:
207:
200:
193:
185:
5057:Glass
4941:Vault
4914:Style
4862:Gable
4852:Floor
4832:Eaves
4722:types
4707:House
4690:Other
4661:Solar
4641:Sauna
4540:areas
4479:floor
4398:Attic
4325:Porch
4320:Patio
4300:Lanai
4280:Foyer
4140:Study
4104:harem
4021:house
4017:Rooms
3852:(PDF)
3784:(PDF)
3777:(PDF)
3640:(PDF)
3409:S2CID
3389:(PDF)
3207:JSTOR
2960:Ystad
2911:Chico
2677:Milan
2539:from
2533:David
2421:Roman
2244:, or
2223:argon
2148:high
2123:high
2110:Steel
2101:high
2098:high
2092:good
2069:good
2028:high
2000:Cost
1751:, or
1749:Light
1728:Terms
1704:is a
1476:, or
1407:Oriel
1139:Pivot
1076:crank
951:Fixed
915:Cross
910:Types
881:Many
788:plate
722:plate
710:glass
698:, in
692:glass
616:, or
552:vindu
496:vindr
395:latch
363:light
357:, or
345:in a
219:JSTOR
205:books
5002:Shed
4987:Home
4946:Wall
4919:list
4899:Roof
4867:Gate
4842:Door
4837:Dome
4784:Arch
4388:and
4342:Ramp
4305:Loft
4285:Hall
4242:Deck
3951:2012
3916:2012
3884:ISBN
3863:2020
3831:2020
3792:2013
3761:NFRC
3738:ISBN
3675:2012
3647:2012
3623:2012
3589:ISBN
3555:2023
3527:ISBN
3502:ISBN
3475:ISBN
3438:ISBN
3420:2022
3367:2023
3354:ISBN
3330:2023
3317:ISBN
3230:ISBN
3178:ISBN
3150:2018
3110:2012
3083:2012
2535:and
2513:Iran
2295:eave
2075:low
2022:low
2012:Wood
1909:and
1868:NFRC
1753:Lite
1342:roof
1312:Roof
1279:and
1261:roof
899:bugs
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