826:. In 2013, FDA warned the public that Potiga (ezogabine) can cause blue skin discoloration and eye abnormalities characterized by pigment changes in the retina. FDA does not currently know if these changes are reversible. FDA is working with the manufacturer to gather and evaluate all available information to better understand these events. FDA will update the public when more information is available. Psychiatric symptoms and difficulty urinating have also been reported, with most cases occurring in the first 2 months of treatment.
569:
546:
40:
8535:
1085:—a program sponsored by the American Medical Association, the United States Pharmacopeial Convention, and the American Pharmacists Association that chooses nonproprietary names for drug sold in the United States—adopted the same name. In 2010, however, the USAN Council rescinded its previous decision and assigned "ezogabine" as the
900:
The term "channel opener" refers to a shift in the voltage dependence for channel opening towards more negative potentials. This means that KCNQ/Kv7 channels open at more negative potentials in the presence of
Retigabine. Recently, it has also been shown that Retigabine stabilizes the open Kv7.2/7.3
1041:
as an adverse effect was considered a significant concern, and the panel's members recommended that some sort of monitoring strategy be used to identify patients at risk of bladder dysfunction. Potiga was approved by the FDA on June 10, 2010, but did not become available on the U.S. market until it
1036:
for retigabine on
December 30, 2009. The FDA Peripheral and Central Nervous System Drugs Advisory Committee met on August 11, 2010, to discuss the process and unanimously recommended approval of Potiga for the intended indication (add-on treatment of partial seizures in adults). However, the
1008:
reduced (by 23 to 35%) in participants receiving retigabine, and approximately one fourth to one third of participants had their seizure frequency reduced by more than 50%. Higher doses were associated with a greater response to treatment.
901:
channel, making deactivation slower with little change in voltage dependence. This effect of
Retigabine is observed at concentrations below 10 micromolar. A similar effect is observed on the homomeric Kv7.2 channel.
1003:
clinical trial, retigabine was added to the treatment regimen of 399 participants with partial seizures that were refractory to therapy with other antiepileptic drugs. The frequency with which seizures occurred was
956:
setting: it was the subject of over 100 published studies before clinical trials began. In preclinical tests, it was found to have a very broad spectrum of activity—being effective in nearly all the
5912:
217:
5880:
5831:
1106:
Ferron GM, Paul J, Fruncillo R, Richards L, Knebel N, Getsy J, Troy S (February 2002). "Multiple-dose, linear, dose-proportional pharmacokinetics of retigabine in healthy volunteers".
4596:
4441:
147:
8575:
172:
1821:
5648:
8513:
6067:
5905:
2828:
909:
Retigabine is quickly absorbed, and reaches maximum plasma concentrations between half an hour and 2 hours after a single oral dose. It has a moderately high oral
79:
5921:
1244:
Main MJ, Cryan JE, Dupere JR, Cox B, Clare JJ, Burbidge SA (August 2000). "Modulation of KCNQ2/3 potassium channels by the novel anticonvulsant retigabine".
655:
5898:
893:, a mechanism of action markedly different from that of any current anticonvulsants. This mechanism of action is similar to that of the chemically similar
1446:
Porter RJ, Partiot A, Sachdeo R, Nohria V, Alves WM (April 2007). "Randomized, multicenter, dose-ranging trial of retigabine for partial-onset seizures".
2137:
130:
8261:
794:
found in the Phase II trial mainly affected the central nervous system, and appeared to be dose-related. The most common adverse effects were
5817:
4307:
2772:
1946:
1822:"Valeant Pharmaceuticals Announces Preliminary Results From Its Phase IIa Retigabine Study for the Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia (PHN)"
4747:
4725:
2821:
2007:
1489:
4620:
8565:
5549:
2854:
8570:
8509:
7940:
3475:
1070:
702:
675:
143:
641:
3819:
4510:
4330:
2814:
1054:
1047:
887:
883:
763:
339:
202:
111:
1206:
Rundfeldt C (October 1997). "The new anticonvulsant retigabine (D-23129) acts as an opener of K+ channels in neuronal cells".
1173:
7460:
5077:
4807:
2130:
8525:
1061:(CSA), the category for substances with a comparatively low potential for abuse. This became effective 15 December 2011.
8505:
7193:
5876:
2659:
2014:
1986:
1896:
1494:
748:
465:
8161:
7111:
1185:
8229:
7340:
5856:
2789:
2320:
997:
770:
is unique among antiepileptic drugs, and may hold promise for the treatment of other neurologic conditions, including
525:
1572:
Luszczki JJ (2009). "Third-generation antiepileptic drugs: mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics and interactions".
683:
InChI=1S/C16H18FN3O2/c1-2-22-16(21)20-15-8-7-13(9-14(15)18)19-10-11-3-5-12(17)6-4-11/h3-9,19H,2,10,18H2,1H3,(H,20,21)
7350:
1086:
710:
66:
7365:
7360:
7355:
5842:
5416:
4739:
4637:
4321:
3833:
1942:
1074:
1058:
1043:
737:
243:
125:
7223:
8580:
8555:
7922:
7918:
7091:
5744:
5662:
5563:
5480:
5349:
4772:
4669:
4501:
4270:
2630:
2123:
1005:
953:
890:
759:
414:
7238:
7228:
5690:
5626:
4962:
2868:
2777:
2539:
2497:
2376:
944:
system is not involved. Retigabine and its metabolites are excreted almost completely (84%) by the kidneys.
729:
158:
564:
6107:
5494:
5430:
4821:
3787:
3778:
3342:
3329:
3311:
3253:
2877:
2668:
2406:
2091:
1089:
for the drug. The drug will thus be known as "ezogabine" in the United States and "retigabine" elsewhere.
1017:
914:
271:
7213:
7198:
1292:"New molecular targets for antiepileptic drugs: alpha(2)delta, SV2A, and K(v)7/KCNQ/M potassium channels"
8585:
8452:
8130:
7183:
7178:
7173:
5713:
5708:
5698:
5458:
5359:
2366:
791:
514:
405:
7218:
6860:
4937:
3392:
2445:
3263:
1893:"August 11, 2010: Peripheral and Central Nervous System Drugs Advisory Committee Meeting Announcement"
8247:
8234:
7324:
7208:
6735:
5052:
3583:
3518:
3498:
2548:
2175:
1149:
1033:
918:
851:
305:
8415:
3321:
3316:
3273:
2983:
2923:
541:
8560:
8360:
8243:
7370:
7296:
6385:
6227:
5935:
5703:
3841:
3387:
3245:
2199:
767:
360:
165:
5782:
4403:
3148:
3093:
3088:
3053:
1961:
960:
of seizures and epilepsy used: retigabine suppresses seizures induced by electroshock, electrical
8337:
8000:
7898:
7555:
7188:
6560:
6162:
5264:
5027:
4957:
4113:
4108:
4011:
3886:
3743:
3718:
3618:
3488:
3362:
3210:
3173:
3073:
3068:
2968:
2953:
2948:
2913:
1917:
1597:
1471:
1425:
1269:
1131:
4583:
4006:
3981:
3896:
3543:
3533:
3123:
3113:
3083:
3078:
3043:
2998:
2943:
2933:
2928:
1979:
1892:
8464:
7286:
5943:
5466:
4588:
4568:
4553:
4523:
3941:
3851:
3283:
3188:
3178:
3158:
3138:
3118:
2018:
1947:"International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances (INN). Proposed INN: List 76"
8485:
8480:
8251:
8194:
8171:
8166:
8135:
7903:
7716:
7475:
7450:
7445:
7440:
7430:
7281:
6570:
6347:
6342:
5762:
5502:
5373:
5259:
5254:
5239:
5047:
4691:
4563:
4543:
3810:
3703:
3457:
3240:
2837:
2480:
2395:
2344:
2290:
2103:
2090:
Hempel R, Schupke H, McNeilly PJ, Heinecke K, Kronbach C, Grunwald C, et al. (May 1999).
2078:
1803:
1754:
1695:
1646:
1589:
1463:
1417:
1377:
1321:
1261:
1223:
1123:
1038:
1021:
969:
230:
52:
7641:
7101:
3991:
3971:
3367:
3347:
1546:
984:. Researchers hoped this wide-ranging activity would translate to studies in humans as well.
8156:
7822:
7309:
7086:
7056:
6988:
6895:
6565:
6445:
6337:
6049:
6039:
5540:
5284:
5037:
4952:
4752:
4606:
4471:
4260:
4255:
3598:
3352:
2450:
2068:
2060:
1793:
1785:
1744:
1734:
1685:
1677:
1636:
1628:
1581:
1455:
1409:
1367:
1359:
1311:
1303:
1253:
1215:
1115:
835:
779:
725:
581:
454:
369:
253:
5522:
474:
8539:
8448:
8313:
8297:
8285:
8239:
8190:
8005:
7980:
7975:
7789:
7522:
7375:
6177:
6172:
6034:
5967:
5792:
5787:
5757:
5586:
5581:
5184:
5149:
5139:
5104:
4711:
4686:
4153:
3846:
3728:
3372:
3298:
2883:
2845:
1174:
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/57fe4b6640f0b6713800000c/Trobalt_letter.pdf
941:
933:
925:
910:
733:
718:
297:
289:
281:
261:
568:
545:
1664:
Corbin-Leftwich A, Mossadeq SM, Ha J, Ruchala I, Le AH, Villalba-Galea CA (March 2016).
8460:
8289:
8198:
8065:
8060:
7484:
6372:
6277:
6152:
6117:
6112:
5998:
5963:
5767:
5723:
5314:
5214:
5124:
4798:
4654:
4398:
4353:
4098:
4088:
3708:
3628:
3258:
3225:
3128:
2783:
2558:
2294:
2234:
2168:
2146:
2073:
2064:
2048:
1798:
1773:
1749:
1714:
1690:
1665:
1641:
1616:
1459:
1372:
1347:
1316:
1291:
1013:
1000:
961:
866:
714:
1585:
1219:
952:
Among the newer anticonvulsants, retigabine was one of the most widely studied in the
921:
of 8 to 11 hours. Retigabine requires thrice-daily dosing due to its short half-life.
8549:
8456:
8419:
8293:
8219:
8214:
8204:
8140:
8080:
8010:
7855:
7812:
7018:
6983:
6958:
6770:
6630:
6610:
6605:
6595:
6590:
6490:
6380:
6322:
6317:
6302:
6282:
6272:
6252:
6242:
6232:
6197:
6167:
6157:
6102:
6026:
5973:
5958:
5890:
5777:
5670:
5616:
5601:
5387:
5324:
5057:
5002:
4997:
4987:
4942:
4762:
4696:
4548:
4358:
4343:
4188:
3881:
3763:
3603:
3483:
3462:
3437:
3357:
2978:
2973:
2749:
2678:
2673:
2588:
2563:
2502:
2492:
2209:
2204:
2047:
Blackburn-Munro G, Dalby-Brown W, Mirza NR, Mikkelsen JD, Blackburn-Munro RE (2005).
1789:
1632:
1413:
1363:
847:
745:
557:
103:
1601:
1475:
1429:
1273:
8328:
8070:
8020:
7990:
7935:
7893:
7888:
7883:
7873:
7868:
7797:
7455:
7420:
7415:
7385:
7334:
7261:
6953:
6943:
6715:
6710:
6700:
6695:
6625:
6450:
6440:
6332:
6292:
6257:
6237:
6222:
6207:
6142:
6137:
6122:
6092:
6087:
6072:
6018:
6008:
5397:
5309:
5299:
5209:
5144:
5042:
4972:
4907:
4897:
4852:
4476:
4461:
4408:
4363:
4218:
4173:
4158:
4148:
4133:
4073:
3713:
3693:
3633:
3183:
3038:
2898:
2739:
2719:
2583:
2573:
2425:
2189:
2150:
1842:
1135:
1082:
993:
957:
394:
185:
180:
1081:
International
Nonproprietary Name (rINN) for the drug, and, in 2005 or 2006, the
8475:
8410:
8405:
8375:
8355:
8110:
8090:
8040:
7863:
7845:
7840:
7830:
7807:
7802:
7769:
7691:
7532:
7499:
7489:
7345:
7329:
7233:
7116:
7033:
7013:
7003:
6973:
6938:
6890:
6880:
6840:
6835:
6810:
6795:
6755:
6745:
6680:
6650:
6600:
6545:
6520:
6500:
6495:
6460:
6357:
6312:
6267:
6247:
6212:
6187:
6082:
6059:
5983:
5953:
5448:
5402:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5194:
5179:
5174:
5129:
5108:
5100:
5012:
5007:
4992:
4977:
4912:
4857:
4433:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4393:
4378:
4368:
4348:
4250:
4233:
4223:
4213:
4203:
4198:
4168:
4143:
4138:
4118:
4103:
4068:
4053:
4016:
3951:
3911:
3901:
3758:
3753:
3738:
3723:
3663:
3528:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3412:
3407:
3288:
3235:
3230:
3215:
3058:
3033:
3023:
3013:
3003:
2993:
2908:
2903:
2893:
2729:
2724:
2610:
2568:
2514:
2485:
2460:
2455:
2430:
2310:
2305:
2269:
2249:
2194:
2184:
973:
937:
839:
293:
97:
4597:
4442:
869:
inhibitor, and may thus increase absorption and reduce elimination of digoxin.
8443:
8390:
8308:
8303:
8209:
8180:
8176:
8085:
8050:
7995:
7985:
7945:
7878:
7706:
7671:
7636:
7631:
7585:
7575:
7504:
7465:
7425:
7410:
7390:
7380:
7319:
7314:
7304:
7271:
7253:
7149:
7096:
7061:
7008:
6998:
6968:
6963:
6900:
6875:
6830:
6805:
6785:
6765:
6760:
6750:
6730:
6685:
6675:
6660:
6620:
6615:
6585:
6540:
6535:
6515:
6505:
6485:
6480:
6470:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6362:
6217:
6132:
6127:
6013:
6003:
5978:
5752:
5680:
5675:
5611:
5606:
5596:
5591:
5571:
5392:
5381:
5377:
5344:
5229:
5224:
5199:
5189:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5095:
5085:
5067:
5062:
5032:
5022:
4982:
4947:
4902:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4867:
4832:
4757:
4701:
4678:
4646:
4573:
4533:
4491:
4481:
4456:
4428:
4388:
4373:
4288:
4228:
4208:
4193:
4183:
4048:
4038:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3946:
3906:
3861:
3856:
3768:
3748:
3688:
3678:
3608:
3588:
3573:
3563:
3553:
3538:
3523:
3513:
3503:
3493:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3417:
3397:
3377:
3303:
3293:
3278:
3268:
3220:
3168:
3103:
3028:
3018:
3008:
2988:
2963:
2958:
2938:
2918:
2888:
2754:
2744:
2734:
2693:
2688:
2620:
2615:
2598:
2593:
2578:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2509:
2475:
2465:
2349:
2339:
2329:
2274:
2244:
2224:
1307:
1119:
981:
894:
811:
795:
617:
445:
39:
1867:
1739:
1513:
8433:
8385:
8380:
8365:
8323:
8318:
8276:
8271:
8266:
8224:
8120:
8105:
8045:
8030:
8015:
7835:
7746:
7701:
7666:
7656:
7626:
7621:
7606:
7580:
7542:
7537:
7514:
7509:
7494:
7400:
7395:
7276:
7154:
7144:
7136:
7071:
7048:
7028:
7023:
6993:
6978:
6948:
6930:
6920:
6915:
6910:
6905:
6885:
6870:
6865:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6815:
6790:
6740:
6725:
6720:
6705:
6690:
6670:
6665:
6655:
6645:
6640:
6635:
6555:
6550:
6525:
6455:
6435:
6405:
6327:
6262:
6192:
6182:
6147:
6044:
5948:
5772:
5718:
5634:
5517:
5507:
5438:
5367:
5329:
5304:
5294:
5219:
5169:
5114:
5090:
5017:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4877:
4872:
4862:
4847:
4706:
4578:
4558:
4538:
4528:
4486:
4466:
4383:
4178:
4093:
4083:
4063:
4001:
3986:
3976:
3936:
3921:
3891:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3792:
3733:
3683:
3673:
3668:
3653:
3643:
3623:
3613:
3593:
3568:
3198:
3163:
3143:
3108:
3098:
3063:
3048:
2714:
2605:
2553:
2470:
2435:
2415:
2381:
2371:
2334:
2300:
2279:
2264:
2259:
2229:
2219:
2214:
2159:
1980:"Statement on a nonproprietary name adopted by the USAN council: Retigabine"
1918:"Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Ezogabine Into Schedule V"
843:
799:
318:
83:
5649:
2107:
2082:
2008:"Statement on a nonproprietary name adopted by the USAN council: Ezogabine"
1807:
1758:
1699:
1650:
1593:
1467:
1421:
1381:
1325:
1265:
1127:
89:
31:
1681:
1227:
8490:
8423:
8400:
8349:
8345:
8341:
8281:
8255:
8115:
8075:
8055:
8035:
8025:
7965:
7960:
7774:
7736:
7686:
7651:
7616:
7611:
7595:
7590:
7570:
7565:
7560:
7547:
7435:
7243:
7120:
7106:
7081:
7076:
7066:
7038:
6825:
6820:
6800:
6780:
6775:
6575:
6530:
6510:
6475:
6465:
6352:
6307:
6297:
6202:
6097:
6077:
5993:
5443:
5249:
5244:
5204:
5119:
4967:
4842:
4780:
4163:
4128:
4033:
3648:
3578:
3548:
3508:
3402:
3193:
3153:
3133:
2806:
2709:
2683:
2440:
2420:
2254:
2239:
1871:
1666:"Retigabine holds KV7 channels open and stabilizes the resting potential"
1517:
1257:
1016:
trial meant to assess the safety and efficacy of retigabine for treating
965:
823:
803:
775:
771:
721:
425:
17:
2115:
434:
8437:
8427:
8186:
8125:
8100:
8095:
7970:
7950:
7930:
7751:
7741:
7726:
7711:
7696:
7681:
7676:
7661:
7646:
7527:
7266:
7126:
6580:
6287:
5988:
5512:
5334:
5134:
4659:
4058:
3996:
3658:
3638:
3334:
3205:
2286:
1774:"Diverse mechanisms of antiepileptic drugs in the development pipeline"
858:
838:
with most commonly used anticonvulsants. It may increase metabolism of
807:
380:
8370:
8333:
7955:
7908:
7779:
7761:
7721:
7405:
7203:
5338:
4451:
4123:
4043:
3926:
3916:
3698:
3467:
1073:"retigabine" was initially published as being under consideration by
815:
505:
323:
494:
7731:
4078:
3931:
1868:"Epilepsy drug exogabine gets green light from FDA Advisory Panel"
1024:. Preliminary results were reported by Valeant as "inconclusive".
782:. The manufacturer withdrew retigabine from clinical use in 2017.
640:
631:
286:
865:
studies suggest that the main metabolite of retigabine acts as a
7164:
5576:
4279:
4241:
4024:
1400:
Plosker GL, Scott LJ (2006). "Retigabine: in partial seizures".
977:
819:
485:
224:
120:
5894:
4602:
Tooltip G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel
4447:
Tooltip G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel
2810:
2119:
237:
137:
129:
1150:"POTIGA (ezogabine) Tablets, CV. Full Prescribing Information"
755:, on June 10, 2011. Production was discontinued in June 2017.
5818:
4308:
4726:
2092:"Metabolism of retigabine (D-23129), a novel anticonvulsant"
530:
5654:
Tooltip Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
4621:
211:
5550:
2855:
1916:
U.S. Drug
Enforcement Administration (15 December 2011).
1032:
27:
Anticonvulsant, which works as a potassium-channel opener
3820:
2049:"Retigabine: chemical synthesis to clinical application"
4511:
4331:
1186:"Epilepsy drug Trobalt (retigabine) to be discontinued"
1020:
was completed in 2009, but failed to meet its primary
724:
in treatment-experienced adult patients. The drug was
8523:
4808:
897:, which is used mainly for its analgesic properties.
1547:"Trobalt – Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC)"
8149:
7917:
7854:
7821:
7788:
7760:
7474:
7295:
7252:
7163:
7135:
7047:
6929:
6371:
6058:
5934:
5841:
5816:
5809:
5743:
5736:
5689:
5661:
5647:
5625:
5562:
5548:
5539:
5493:
5479:
5457:
5429:
5415:
5358:
4820:
4806:
4797:
4771:
4738:
4724:
4668:
4636:
4619:
4500:
4320:
4306:
4269:
3832:
3818:
3809:
3777:
2867:
2853:
2844:
2702:
2658:
2651:
2629:
2538:
2405:
2394:
2358:
2319:
2167:
2158:
629:
616:
580:
575:
556:
524:
504:
484:
464:
444:
424:
413:
404:
379:
359:
330:
317:
304:
280:
270:
260:
252:
201:
196:
171:
157:
110:
96:
78:
61:
51:
46:
1057:(DEA) placed the substance into Schedule V of the
8473:Unsorted benzodiazepine site positive modulators:
5843:
5417:
5481:
861:may increase serum concentration of the latter.
393:
5881:Transient receptor potential channel modulators
1514:"FDA approves ezogabine for seizures in adults"
1490:"Potiga (Ezogabine): Drug Safety Communication"
368:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1285:
1283:
1239:
1237:
142:
8576:GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators
5906:
5823:Tooltip Transient receptor potential channels
4313:Tooltip Inwardly rectifying potassium channel
2822:
2131:
1549:. electronic Medicines Compendium. 2011-05-05
1201:
1199:
1155:. GlaxoSmithKline and Valeant Pharmaceuticals
8:
4731:Tooltip Tandem pore domain potassium channel
1861:
1859:
762:—that is, by activating a certain family of
30:
5922:
4629:Tooltip Calcium-activated potassium channel
1567:
1565:
1563:
1507:
1505:
5913:
5899:
5891:
5813:
5740:
5658:
5559:
5555:Tooltip Calcium-activated chloride channel
5545:
5490:
5426:
4817:
4803:
4735:
4633:
4317:
3847:4-Aminopyridine (fampridine/dalfampridine)
3829:
3815:
2864:
2860:Tooltip Voltage-dependent calcium channels
2850:
2829:
2815:
2807:
2655:
2402:
2164:
2138:
2124:
2116:
1348:"Retigabine: has the orphan found a home?"
1296:Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
567:
544:
453:
2072:
1797:
1748:
1738:
1689:
1640:
1441:
1439:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1371:
1315:
473:
3825:Tooltip Voltage-gated potassium channels
8530:
4519:Tooltip ATP-sensitive potassium channel
4339:Tooltip ATP-sensitive potassium channel
1845:(Press release). PRNewswire. 2009-12-30
1824:(Press release). PRNewswire. 2009-08-24
1098:
1077:in 1996. This was later adopted as the
680:
660:
540:
433:
344:
102:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
558:
29:
4813:Tooltip Voltage-gated sodium channels
513:
88:
70:
7:
8514:GABA metabolism/transport modulators
4748:12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
1843:"Retigabine NDA accepted for filing"
1615:Brown DA, Passmore GM (April 2009).
814:. Less common side effects included
717:used as an adjunctive treatment for
184:
8131:Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform)
3842:3,4-Diaminopyridine (amifampridine)
1290:Rogawski MA, Bazil CW (July 2008).
493:
384:
7194:11-Methoxy-12-hydroxydehydrokavain
2065:10.1111/j.1527-3458.2005.tb00033.x
1719:7 Channel Deactivation by PI(4,5)P
1460:10.1212/01.wnl.0000259034.45049.00
857:Concomitant use of retigabine and
25:
7941:Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate
5848:Tooltip Ligand gated ion channels
5422:Tooltip Epithelial sodium channel
1670:The Journal of General Physiology
1071:International Nonproprietary Name
834:Retigabine appears to be free of
663:O=C(OCC)Nc1ccc(cc1N)NCc2ccc(F)cc2
313:8 hours (mean), range: 7–11 hours
8533:
5486:Tooltip Acid-sensing ion channel
1790:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2006.02.004
1713:Villalba-Galea CA (2020-06-19).
1633:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00111.x
1414:10.2165/00023210-200620070-00005
1364:10.1111/j.1535-7511.2007.00209.x
1208:European Journal of Pharmacology
1108:Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
764:voltage-gated potassium channels
758:Retigabine works primarily as a
601:
598:
592:
38:
8361:Menthyl isovalerate (validolum)
2096:Drug Metabolism and Disposition
1621:British Journal of Pharmacology
1408:(7): 601–8, discussion 609–10.
1055:Drug Enforcement Administration
1048:Drug Enforcement Administration
688:Key:PCOBBVZJEWWZFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
7310:Allopregnanolone (brexanolone)
3304:Ziconotide (ω-conotoxin MVIIA)
998:randomized, placebo-controlled
882:Retigabine acts as a neuronal
744:on March 28, 2011, and by the
607:
586:
1:
8506:Receptor/signaling modulators
7062:Ampelopsin (dihydromyricetin)
5877:Receptor/signaling modulators
3279:Leconotide (ω-conotoxin CVID)
1586:10.1016/s1734-1140(09)70024-6
1220:10.1016/S0014-2999(97)01249-1
850:(CBZ, Tegretol) increase the
8256:ergoloid (dihydroergotoxine)
7341:anabolic-androgenic steroids
6123:Butabarbital/Secbutabarbital
5928:receptor positive modulators
2015:American Medical Association
1987:American Medical Association
1897:Food and Drug Administration
1617:"Neural KCNQ (Kv7) channels"
1495:Food and Drug Administration
751:(FDA), under the trade name
749:Food and Drug Administration
6896:Triflunordazepam (Ro5-2904)
1053:In December 2011, the U.S.
8602:
7224:5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroyangonin
4840:Antiarrhythmics (class I):
1087:United States Adopted Name
576:Chemical and physical data
8566:Potassium channel openers
8499:
7416:Pregnanolone (eltanolone)
5959:Chlorobutanol (cloretone)
5870:
5350:Tricyclic antidepressants
4359:Glibenclamide (glyburide)
2767:
1943:World Health Organization
1772:Rogawski MA (June 2006).
1727:Frontiers in Pharmacology
1308:10.1007/s11910-008-0053-7
1120:10.1177/00912700222011210
1059:Controlled Substances Act
738:European Medicines Agency
736:. It was approved by the
671:
651:
335:
37:
8571:4-Fluorophenyl compounds
8510:GABA receptor modulators
8420:sulfonmethane (sulfonal)
1960:(4): 215. Archived from
1740:10.3389/fphar.2020.00895
891:potassium channel opener
760:potassium channel opener
4963:Eslicarbazepine acetate
2498:Eslicarbazepine acetate
1574:Pharmacological Reports
1346:Ben-Menachem E (2007).
917:(6.2 L/kg), and a
730:Valeant Pharmaceuticals
90:Professional Drug Facts
8396:Retigabine (ezogabine)
7672:Lirequinil (Ro41-3696)
7239:7,8-Dihydromethysticin
7229:5,6-Dehydromethysticin
6108:Benzylbutylbarbiturate
4707:Rottlerin (mallotoxin)
2838:Ion channel modulators
1866:Lowry F (2010-08-12).
1246:Molecular Pharmacology
1190:epilepsysociety.org.uk
1018:postherpetic neuralgia
915:volume of distribution
3064:Ryodipine (riodipine)
1682:10.1085/jgp.201511517
1512:Hitt E (2011-06-13).
740:under the trade name
8451:constituents (e.g.,
8235:Deuterated etifoxine
7297:Neuroactive steroids
7267:Apronal (apronalide)
7119:constituents (e.g.,
6736:N-Desalkylflurazepam
5053:Valproate semisodium
3584:Carboxyamidotriazole
3519:Gabapentin enacarbil
3499:Arbaclofen placarbil
1954:WHO Drug Information
1258:10.1124/mol.58.2.253
1192:. 14 September 2016.
1034:New Drug Application
842:(Lamictal), whereas
65:D-23129, ezogabine (
8244:dihydroergocryptine
7556:Pyrazolopyrimidines
7214:5,6-Dihydroyangonin
7199:7,8-Dihydroyangonin
6386:3-Hydroxyphenazepam
6228:Methylphenobarbital
5704:1,10-Phenanthroline
4261:Spooky toxin (SsTx)
3246:Tetrahydropalmatine
2200:Methylphenobarbital
1028:Regulatory approval
878:Mechanism of action
768:mechanism of action
766:in the brain. This
233:(Prescription only)
220:(Prescription only)
34:
8338:4-O-methylhonokiol
8001:Dichloralphenazone
7899:Methylmethaqualone
7476:Nonbenzodiazepines
7189:Desmethoxyyangonin
7184:11-Hydroxyyangonin
7179:11-Methoxyyangonin
7174:10-Methoxyyangonin
6561:Ethyl carfluzepate
6163:Cyclopentobarbital
5714:7,8-Benzoquinoline
5709:4,7-Phenanthroline
5699:1,7-Phenanthroline
5075:Local anesthetics:
4607:ML-297 (VU0456810)
4114:Diallyl trisulfide
4109:Dextropropoxyphene
4012:Tetraethylammonium
3719:Pinaverium bromide
3489:4-Methylpregabalin
2794:Never to phase III
919:terminal half-life
822:disturbances, and
8521:
8520:
8481:MRK-409 (MK-0343)
8252:dihydroergotamine
8195:potassium bromide
8189:compounds (e.g.,
8136:Trichloroethylene
7904:Nitromethaqualone
7823:Pyrazolopyridines
7325:3α-Androstanediol
7219:7,8-Dihydrokavain
6571:Ethyl loflazepate
6348:Thiotetrabarbital
5964:Ethanol (alcohol)
5888:
5887:
5866:
5865:
5805:
5804:
5801:
5800:
5763:Meclofenamic acid
5732:
5731:
5643:
5642:
5535:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5475:
5474:
5411:
5410:
5285:RG7893 (GDC-0287)
5048:Valproate pivoxil
4938:Acetylpheneturide
4793:
4792:
4789:
4788:
4720:
4719:
4692:Meclofenamic acid
4655:Ethanol (alcohol)
4615:
4614:
4564:Minoxidil sulfate
4302:
4301:
3805:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3704:Otilonium bromide
3629:Ethanol (alcohol)
3393:ω-Conotoxin MVIIC
3129:Phenylalkylamines
2804:
2803:
2763:
2762:
2647:
2646:
2631:Potassium openers
2549:Oxazolidinediones
2481:Valproate pivoxil
2446:Acetylpheneturide
2390:
2389:
2345:Valproate pivoxil
2321:GABA-T inhibitors
2291:potassium bromide
1967:on June 27, 2004.
1778:Epilepsy Research
1454:(15): 1197–1204.
1352:Epilepsy Currents
1039:urinary retention
970:pentylenetetrazol
928:in the liver, by
913:(50–60%), a high
836:drug interactions
810:, confusion, and
696:
695:
642:Interactive image
526:CompTox Dashboard
351:-phenyl]carbamate
241:
228:
215:
140:
123:
73:
16:(Redirected from
8593:
8538:
8537:
8536:
8529:
8240:Dihydroergolines
8157:3-Hydroxybutanal
7790:Piperidinediones
7523:Imidazopyridines
7057:6-Methylapigenin
6989:Hydroxyphenamate
6861:SH-053-R-CH3-2′F
6566:Ethyl dirazepate
6446:Chlordiazepoxide
6338:Thiobutabarbital
6050:Trifluoroethanol
6040:Trichloroethanol
6030:-Pentanol (2M2B)
5924:
5915:
5908:
5901:
5892:
5849:
5845:
5824:
5820:
5814:
5741:
5659:
5655:
5651:
5560:
5556:
5552:
5546:
5491:
5487:
5483:
5427:
5423:
5419:
5038:Sodium valproate
4953:Chlorphenacemide
4935:Anticonvulsants:
4818:
4814:
4810:
4804:
4753:Arachidonic acid
4736:
4732:
4728:
4634:
4630:
4626:
4603:
4599:
4520:
4516:
4472:Dextromethorphan
4448:
4444:
4340:
4336:
4318:
4314:
4310:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3816:
3788:L-type-selective
3599:Dimeditiapramine
3561:Others/unsorted:
3343:T-type-selective
3330:R-type-selective
3312:P-type-selective
3264:ω-Conotoxin GVIA
3254:N-type-selective
2884:Dihydropyridines
2878:L-type-selective
2865:
2861:
2857:
2851:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2808:
2656:
2540:Calcium blockers
2451:Chlorphenacemide
2403:
2377:GAT-1 inhibitors
2165:
2140:
2133:
2126:
2117:
2111:
2086:
2076:
2053:CNS Drug Reviews
2033:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2023:
2017:. Archived from
2012:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1984:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1951:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1925:Federal Register
1922:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1878:
1863:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1850:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1801:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1752:
1742:
1715:"Modulation of K
1710:
1704:
1703:
1693:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1644:
1627:(8): 1185–1195.
1612:
1606:
1605:
1569:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1543:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1509:
1500:
1499:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1443:
1434:
1433:
1397:
1386:
1385:
1375:
1343:
1330:
1329:
1319:
1287:
1278:
1277:
1241:
1232:
1231:
1214:(2–3): 243–249.
1203:
1194:
1193:
1182:
1176:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1154:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1103:
905:Pharmacokinetics
780:neuropathic pain
644:
624:
609:
603:
600:
594:
588:
571:
560:
549:
548:
534:
532:
517:
497:
477:
457:
437:
417:
397:
387:
386:
372:
309:
239:
236:
226:
223:
213:
210:
188:
150:
139:
136:
133:
122:
119:
106:
92:
72:
69:
42:
35:
33:
21:
8601:
8600:
8596:
8595:
8594:
8592:
8591:
8590:
8581:Withdrawn drugs
8556:Anticonvulsants
8546:
8545:
8544:
8534:
8532:
8524:
8522:
8517:
8495:
8453:isovaleric acid
8416:Sulfonylalkanes
8314:Hopantenic acid
8298:tolfenamic acid
8286:flufenamic acid
8248:dihydroergosine
8191:lithium bromide
8150:Others/unsorted
8145:
8006:Dichloromethane
7981:Chloral hydrate
7976:Chloral betaine
7913:
7850:
7817:
7784:
7756:
7485:Cyclopyrrolones
7470:
7376:Etiocholanolone
7291:
7248:
7209:5-Hydroxykavain
7159:
7131:
7043:
6925:
6373:Benzodiazepines
6367:
6178:Ethallobarbital
6173:Enallylpropymal
6054:
6035:Tribromoethanol
6022:-Butanol (2M2P)
5968:alcoholic drink
5930:
5927:
5919:
5889:
5884:
5862:
5847:
5837:
5822:
5797:
5793:Trifluoperazine
5788:Tolfenamic acid
5758:Flufenamic acid
5728:
5685:
5653:
5639:
5621:
5587:Flufenamic acid
5582:Ethacrynic acid
5554:
5527:
5485:
5471:
5453:
5421:
5407:
5354:
5185:Metabutoxycaine
5150:Diphenhydramine
5140:Cyclomethycaine
5105:Levobupivacaine
4812:
4785:
4767:
4730:
4716:
4712:Tolfenamic acid
4687:Flufenamic acid
4682:
4664:
4650:
4628:
4625:
4611:
4601:
4518:
4515:
4496:
4446:
4338:
4335:
4312:
4298:
4283:
4265:
4245:
4154:Norpropoxyphene
4031:11.1)-specific:
4030:
3824:
3797:
3773:
3729:Rhynchophylline
3479:
2859:
2840:
2835:
2805:
2800:
2799:
2784:Clinical trials
2759:
2698:
2643:
2625:
2534:
2407:Sodium blockers
2397:
2386:
2354:
2315:
2235:Benzodiazepines
2172:
2154:
2147:Anticonvulsants
2144:
2114:
2089:
2046:
2042:
2040:Further reading
2037:
2036:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2010:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1991:
1989:
1982:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1964:
1949:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1920:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1901:
1899:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1876:
1874:
1865:
1864:
1857:
1848:
1846:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1827:
1825:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1771:
1770:
1766:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1571:
1570:
1561:
1552:
1550:
1545:
1544:
1531:
1522:
1520:
1511:
1510:
1503:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1445:
1444:
1437:
1399:
1398:
1389:
1345:
1344:
1333:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1243:
1242:
1235:
1205:
1204:
1197:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1172:
1168:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1067:
1037:possibility of
1030:
990:
988:Clinical trials
950:
942:cytochrome P450
934:glucuronidation
911:bioavailability
907:
880:
875:
854:of retigabine.
846:(Dilantin) and
832:
818:, memory loss,
792:adverse effects
788:
786:Adverse effects
734:GlaxoSmithKline
692:
689:
684:
679:
678:
667:
664:
659:
658:
647:
622:
612:
606:
597:
591:
552:
528:
520:
500:
480:
460:
440:
420:
400:
383:
375:
355:
352:
343:
342:
307:
290:glucuronidation
272:Protein binding
262:Bioavailability
254:Pharmacokinetic
248:
192:
160:
153:
57:Trobalt, Potiga
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8599:
8597:
8589:
8588:
8583:
8578:
8573:
8568:
8563:
8558:
8548:
8547:
8543:
8542:
8519:
8518:
8500:
8497:
8496:
8494:
8493:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8469:
8468:
8461:valerenic acid
8446:
8441:
8431:
8413:
8408:
8403:
8398:
8393:
8388:
8383:
8378:
8373:
8368:
8363:
8358:
8353:
8331:
8326:
8321:
8316:
8311:
8306:
8301:
8290:mefenamic acid
8279:
8274:
8269:
8264:
8259:
8237:
8232:
8227:
8222:
8217:
8212:
8207:
8202:
8199:sodium bromide
8184:
8174:
8169:
8164:
8159:
8153:
8151:
8147:
8146:
8144:
8143:
8138:
8133:
8128:
8123:
8118:
8113:
8108:
8103:
8098:
8093:
8088:
8083:
8078:
8073:
8068:
8066:Methoxypropane
8063:
8061:Methoxyflurane
8058:
8053:
8048:
8043:
8038:
8033:
8028:
8023:
8021:Ethyl chloride
8018:
8013:
8008:
8003:
7998:
7993:
7988:
7983:
7978:
7973:
7968:
7963:
7958:
7953:
7948:
7943:
7938:
7933:
7927:
7925:
7915:
7914:
7912:
7911:
7906:
7901:
7896:
7891:
7886:
7881:
7876:
7871:
7866:
7860:
7858:
7856:Quinazolinones
7852:
7851:
7849:
7848:
7843:
7838:
7833:
7827:
7825:
7819:
7818:
7816:
7815:
7810:
7805:
7800:
7794:
7792:
7786:
7785:
7783:
7782:
7777:
7772:
7766:
7764:
7758:
7757:
7755:
7754:
7749:
7744:
7739:
7734:
7729:
7724:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7704:
7699:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7674:
7669:
7664:
7659:
7654:
7649:
7644:
7639:
7634:
7629:
7624:
7619:
7614:
7609:
7599:
7598:
7593:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7563:
7551:
7550:
7545:
7540:
7535:
7530:
7518:
7517:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7480:
7478:
7472:
7471:
7469:
7468:
7463:
7458:
7453:
7448:
7443:
7438:
7433:
7428:
7423:
7418:
7413:
7408:
7403:
7398:
7393:
7388:
7383:
7378:
7373:
7368:
7363:
7358:
7353:
7348:
7343:
7337:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7307:
7301:
7299:
7293:
7292:
7290:
7289:
7284:
7279:
7274:
7269:
7264:
7258:
7256:
7250:
7249:
7247:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7211:
7206:
7201:
7196:
7191:
7186:
7181:
7176:
7170:
7168:
7161:
7160:
7158:
7157:
7152:
7147:
7141:
7139:
7133:
7132:
7130:
7129:
7124:
7114:
7109:
7104:
7099:
7094:
7089:
7084:
7079:
7074:
7069:
7064:
7059:
7053:
7051:
7045:
7044:
7042:
7041:
7036:
7031:
7026:
7021:
7016:
7011:
7006:
7001:
6996:
6991:
6986:
6981:
6976:
6971:
6966:
6961:
6956:
6951:
6946:
6941:
6935:
6933:
6927:
6926:
6924:
6923:
6918:
6913:
6908:
6903:
6898:
6893:
6888:
6883:
6878:
6873:
6868:
6863:
6858:
6853:
6848:
6843:
6838:
6833:
6828:
6823:
6818:
6813:
6808:
6803:
6798:
6793:
6788:
6783:
6778:
6773:
6768:
6763:
6758:
6753:
6748:
6743:
6738:
6733:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6648:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6478:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6377:
6375:
6369:
6368:
6366:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6285:
6280:
6278:Propylbarbital
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6230:
6225:
6220:
6215:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6153:Crotylbarbital
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6118:Brophebarbital
6115:
6113:Brallobarbital
6110:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6064:
6062:
6056:
6055:
6053:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6024:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5999:Methylpentynol
5996:
5991:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5940:
5938:
5932:
5931:
5925:
5920:
5918:
5917:
5910:
5903:
5895:
5886:
5885:
5871:
5868:
5867:
5864:
5863:
5861:
5860:
5852:
5850:
5839:
5838:
5836:
5835:
5827:
5825:
5811:
5807:
5806:
5803:
5802:
5799:
5798:
5796:
5795:
5790:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5768:Mefenamic acid
5765:
5760:
5755:
5749:
5747:
5738:
5734:
5733:
5730:
5729:
5727:
5726:
5724:Phenanthridine
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5695:
5693:
5687:
5686:
5684:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5667:
5665:
5656:
5645:
5644:
5641:
5640:
5638:
5637:
5631:
5629:
5623:
5622:
5620:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5568:
5566:
5557:
5543:
5537:
5536:
5533:
5532:
5529:
5528:
5526:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5499:
5497:
5488:
5477:
5476:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5469:
5463:
5461:
5455:
5454:
5452:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5435:
5433:
5424:
5413:
5412:
5409:
5408:
5406:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5372:Atracotoxins (
5370:
5364:
5362:
5356:
5355:
5353:
5352:
5347:
5342:
5332:
5327:
5318:
5317:
5315:Zetekitoxin AB
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5288:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5233:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5215:Proxymetacaine
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5125:Chloroprocaine
5122:
5117:
5112:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5071:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4931:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4836:
4835:
4826:
4824:
4815:
4801:
4795:
4794:
4791:
4790:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4783:
4777:
4775:
4769:
4768:
4766:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4744:
4742:
4733:
4722:
4721:
4718:
4717:
4715:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4680:
4674:
4672:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4662:
4657:
4648:
4642:
4640:
4631:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4613:
4612:
4610:
4609:
4592:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4513:
4506:
4504:
4498:
4497:
4495:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4437:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4399:Glyclopyramide
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4354:Chlorpropamide
4351:
4346:
4333:
4326:
4324:
4315:
4304:
4303:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4281:
4275:
4273:
4267:
4266:
4264:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4243:
4237:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4099:Clarithromycin
4096:
4091:
4089:Chlorpromazine
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4028:
4020:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3838:
3836:
3827:
3813:
3807:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3783:
3781:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3709:Paramethadione
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3557:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3484:gabapentinoids
3477:
3471:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:Non-selective:
3381:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3338:
3337:
3325:
3324:
3322:ω-Agatoxin IVB
3319:
3317:ω-Agatoxin IVA
3307:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3274:Huwentoxin XVI
3271:
3266:
3261:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3226:Cyproheptadine
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2984:Levniguldipine
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2924:Dexniguldipine
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2873:
2871:
2862:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2826:
2819:
2811:
2802:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2792:
2781:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2664:
2662:
2653:
2649:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2635:
2633:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2596:
2589:Gabapentinoids
2581:
2576:
2561:
2559:Paramethadione
2556:
2544:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2478:
2473:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2411:
2409:
2400:
2392:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2367:GABAR agonists
2362:
2360:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:(and related):
2325:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2295:sodium bromide
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2227:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2180:
2178:
2170:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2135:
2128:
2120:
2113:
2112:
2102:(5): 613–622.
2087:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2034:
1998:
1970:
1934:
1908:
1891:(2010-06-25).
1883:
1855:
1834:
1813:
1784:(3): 273–294.
1764:
1720:
1716:
1705:
1676:(3): 229–241.
1656:
1607:
1580:(2): 197–216.
1559:
1529:
1501:
1481:
1435:
1387:
1358:(6): 153–154.
1331:
1302:(4): 345–352.
1279:
1252:(2): 253–262.
1233:
1195:
1177:
1166:
1141:
1114:(2): 175–182.
1097:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1066:
1063:
1029:
1026:
989:
986:
949:
946:
924:Retigabine is
906:
903:
879:
876:
874:
871:
867:P-glycoprotein
831:
828:
812:slurred speech
787:
784:
715:anticonvulsant
694:
693:
691:
690:
687:
685:
682:
674:
673:
672:
669:
668:
666:
665:
662:
654:
653:
652:
649:
648:
646:
645:
637:
635:
627:
626:
620:
614:
613:
610:
604:
595:
589:
584:
578:
577:
573:
572:
562:
554:
553:
551:
550:
542:DTXSID40164615
537:
535:
522:
521:
519:
518:
510:
508:
502:
501:
499:
498:
490:
488:
482:
481:
479:
478:
470:
468:
462:
461:
459:
458:
450:
448:
442:
441:
439:
438:
430:
428:
422:
421:
419:
418:
410:
408:
402:
401:
399:
398:
390:
388:
377:
376:
374:
373:
365:
363:
357:
356:
354:
353:
346:
338:
337:
336:
333:
332:
328:
327:
321:
315:
314:
311:
302:
301:
284:
278:
277:
274:
268:
267:
264:
258:
257:
250:
249:
247:
246:
234:
221:
207:
205:
199:
198:
194:
193:
191:
190:
177:
175:
169:
168:
163:
161:administration
155:
154:
152:
151:
134:
116:
114:
108:
107:
100:
94:
93:
86:
76:
75:
63:
59:
58:
55:
49:
48:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8598:
8587:
8584:
8582:
8579:
8577:
8574:
8572:
8569:
8567:
8564:
8562:
8559:
8557:
8554:
8553:
8551:
8541:
8531:
8527:
8516:
8515:
8511:
8507:
8504:
8498:
8492:
8489:
8487:
8484:
8482:
8479:
8477:
8474:
8471:
8470:
8466:
8462:
8458:
8457:isovaleramide
8454:
8450:
8447:
8445:
8442:
8439:
8435:
8432:
8429:
8425:
8421:
8417:
8414:
8412:
8409:
8407:
8404:
8402:
8399:
8397:
8394:
8392:
8389:
8387:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8377:
8374:
8372:
8369:
8367:
8364:
8362:
8359:
8357:
8354:
8351:
8347:
8343:
8339:
8335:
8332:
8330:
8327:
8325:
8322:
8320:
8317:
8315:
8312:
8310:
8307:
8305:
8302:
8299:
8295:
8294:niflumic acid
8291:
8287:
8283:
8280:
8278:
8275:
8273:
8270:
8268:
8265:
8263:
8260:
8257:
8253:
8249:
8245:
8241:
8238:
8236:
8233:
8231:
8228:
8226:
8223:
8221:
8220:Clomethiazole
8218:
8216:
8215:Chlormezanone
8213:
8211:
8208:
8206:
8205:Carbamazepine
8203:
8200:
8196:
8192:
8188:
8185:
8182:
8178:
8175:
8173:
8170:
8168:
8165:
8163:
8160:
8158:
8155:
8154:
8152:
8148:
8142:
8139:
8137:
8134:
8132:
8129:
8127:
8124:
8122:
8119:
8117:
8114:
8112:
8109:
8107:
8104:
8102:
8099:
8097:
8094:
8092:
8089:
8087:
8084:
8082:
8081:Nitrous oxide
8079:
8077:
8074:
8072:
8069:
8067:
8064:
8062:
8059:
8057:
8054:
8052:
8049:
8047:
8044:
8042:
8039:
8037:
8034:
8032:
8029:
8027:
8024:
8022:
8019:
8017:
8014:
8012:
8011:Diethyl ether
8009:
8007:
8004:
8002:
7999:
7997:
7994:
7992:
7989:
7987:
7984:
7982:
7979:
7977:
7974:
7972:
7969:
7967:
7964:
7962:
7959:
7957:
7954:
7952:
7949:
7947:
7944:
7942:
7939:
7937:
7934:
7932:
7929:
7928:
7926:
7924:
7920:
7916:
7910:
7907:
7905:
7902:
7900:
7897:
7895:
7892:
7890:
7887:
7885:
7882:
7880:
7877:
7875:
7872:
7870:
7867:
7865:
7862:
7861:
7859:
7857:
7853:
7847:
7844:
7842:
7839:
7837:
7834:
7832:
7829:
7828:
7826:
7824:
7820:
7814:
7813:Pyrithyldione
7811:
7809:
7806:
7804:
7801:
7799:
7796:
7795:
7793:
7791:
7787:
7781:
7778:
7776:
7773:
7771:
7768:
7767:
7765:
7763:
7759:
7753:
7750:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7723:
7720:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7710:
7708:
7705:
7703:
7700:
7698:
7695:
7693:
7690:
7688:
7685:
7683:
7680:
7678:
7675:
7673:
7670:
7668:
7665:
7663:
7660:
7658:
7655:
7653:
7650:
7648:
7645:
7643:
7640:
7638:
7635:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7625:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7615:
7613:
7610:
7608:
7604:
7601:
7600:
7597:
7594:
7592:
7589:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7572:
7569:
7567:
7564:
7562:
7558:
7557:
7553:
7552:
7549:
7546:
7544:
7541:
7539:
7536:
7534:
7531:
7529:
7525:
7524:
7520:
7519:
7516:
7513:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7503:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7487:
7486:
7482:
7481:
7479:
7477:
7473:
7467:
7464:
7462:
7459:
7457:
7454:
7452:
7449:
7447:
7444:
7442:
7439:
7437:
7434:
7432:
7429:
7427:
7424:
7422:
7419:
7417:
7414:
7412:
7409:
7407:
7404:
7402:
7399:
7397:
7394:
7392:
7389:
7387:
7384:
7382:
7379:
7377:
7374:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7364:
7362:
7359:
7357:
7354:
7352:
7349:
7347:
7344:
7342:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7302:
7300:
7298:
7294:
7288:
7285:
7283:
7280:
7278:
7275:
7273:
7270:
7268:
7265:
7263:
7260:
7259:
7257:
7255:
7251:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7212:
7210:
7207:
7205:
7202:
7200:
7197:
7195:
7192:
7190:
7187:
7185:
7182:
7180:
7177:
7175:
7172:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7162:
7156:
7153:
7151:
7148:
7146:
7143:
7142:
7140:
7138:
7134:
7128:
7125:
7122:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7093:
7090:
7088:
7085:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7054:
7052:
7050:
7046:
7040:
7037:
7035:
7032:
7030:
7027:
7025:
7022:
7020:
7019:Phenprobamate
7017:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7007:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6984:Hexapropymate
6982:
6980:
6977:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6959:Difebarbamate
6957:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6936:
6934:
6932:
6928:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6902:
6899:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6889:
6887:
6884:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6829:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6771:Nortetrazepam
6769:
6767:
6764:
6762:
6759:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6737:
6734:
6732:
6729:
6727:
6724:
6722:
6719:
6717:
6714:
6712:
6709:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6659:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6631:Flutoprazepam
6629:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6611:Flunitrazolam
6609:
6607:
6606:Flunitrazepam
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6596:Flubromazolam
6594:
6592:
6591:Flubromazepam
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6494:
6492:
6491:Cloniprazepam
6489:
6487:
6484:
6482:
6479:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6381:2-Oxoquazepam
6379:
6378:
6376:
6374:
6370:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6323:Thialbarbital
6321:
6319:
6318:Tetrabarbital
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6303:Spirobarbital
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6283:Proxibarbital
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6273:Propallylonal
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6253:Phenobarbital
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6243:Pentobarbital
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6233:Narcobarbital
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6198:Heptobarbital
6196:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6168:Difebarbamate
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6158:Cyclobarbital
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6103:Benzobarbital
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6065:
6063:
6061:
6057:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6029:
6025:
6023:
6021:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5974:Ethchlorvynol
5972:
5969:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5941:
5939:
5937:
5933:
5929:
5916:
5911:
5909:
5904:
5902:
5897:
5896:
5893:
5883:
5882:
5878:
5875:
5869:
5858:
5854:
5853:
5851:
5846:
5840:
5833:
5829:
5828:
5826:
5821:
5815:
5812:
5808:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5778:Niflumic acid
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5750:
5748:
5746:
5742:
5739:
5735:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5696:
5694:
5692:
5688:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5671:Glibenclamide
5669:
5668:
5666:
5664:
5660:
5657:
5652:
5646:
5636:
5633:
5632:
5630:
5628:
5624:
5618:
5617:Niflumic acid
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5602:Glibenclamide
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5569:
5567:
5565:
5561:
5558:
5553:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5538:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5500:
5498:
5496:
5492:
5489:
5484:
5478:
5468:
5465:
5464:
5462:
5460:
5456:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5436:
5434:
5432:
5428:
5425:
5420:
5414:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5398:Grayanotoxins
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5388:Batrachotoxin
5386:
5383:
5379:
5375:
5374:ω-Atracotoxin
5371:
5369:
5366:
5365:
5363:
5361:
5357:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5340:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5325:Buprenorphine
5323:
5320:
5319:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5290:
5289:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5110:
5106:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5080:
5076:
5073:
5072:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5058:Valproic acid
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5003:Oxitriptyline
5001:
4999:
4998:Oxcarbazepine
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4988:Licarbazepine
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4943:Carbamazepine
4941:
4939:
4936:
4933:
4932:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4838:
4837:
4834:
4831:
4830:Antianginals:
4828:
4827:
4825:
4823:
4819:
4816:
4811:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4796:
4782:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4774:
4770:
4764:
4763:Norfluoxetine
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4745:
4743:
4741:
4737:
4734:
4729:
4723:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4697:Niflumic acid
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4644:
4643:
4641:
4639:
4635:
4632:
4627:
4618:
4608:
4605:
4600:
4594:
4593:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4549:Levcromakalim
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4517:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4503:
4499:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4445:
4439:
4438:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4344:Acetohexamide
4342:
4337:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4323:
4319:
4316:
4311:
4305:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4277:
4276:
4274:
4272:
4268:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4239:
4238:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4189:Roxithromycin
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4026:
4022:
4021:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3882:Charybdotoxin
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3835:
3831:
3828:
3823:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3808:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3780:
3776:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3764:Trimethadione
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3604:Diproteverine
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3473:
3472:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3463:Ruthenium red
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3438:Levetiracetam
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3388:ω-Agatoxin TK
3386:
3383:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3358:Niflumic acid
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3340:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3251:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2979:Levamlodipine
2977:
2975:
2974:Lercanidipine
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2866:
2863:
2858:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2832:
2827:
2825:
2820:
2818:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2750:Levetiracetam
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2701:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2679:Ethoxzolamide
2677:
2675:
2674:Acetazolamide
2672:
2670:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2660:CA inhibitors
2657:
2654:
2650:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2628:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2570:
2565:
2564:Trimethadione
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2504:
2503:Oxcarbazepine
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2493:Carbamazepine
2491:
2489:
2487:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2393:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2373:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2357:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2285:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2210:Phenobarbital
2208:
2206:
2205:Pentobarbital
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2157:
2152:
2148:
2141:
2136:
2134:
2129:
2127:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2024:on 2012-04-02
2020:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1999:
1988:
1981:
1978:(2005–2006).
1974:
1971:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1930:
1926:
1919:
1912:
1909:
1898:
1894:
1887:
1884:
1873:
1869:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1844:
1838:
1835:
1823:
1817:
1814:
1809:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1768:
1765:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1709:
1706:
1701:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1660:
1657:
1652:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1611:
1608:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1548:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1519:
1515:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1327:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1170:
1167:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1102:
1099:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1007:
1006:significantly
1002:
999:
995:
987:
985:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
958:animal models
955:
947:
945:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
922:
920:
916:
912:
904:
902:
898:
896:
892:
889:
885:
877:
872:
870:
868:
864:
860:
855:
853:
849:
848:carbamazepine
845:
841:
837:
829:
827:
825:
824:double vision
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
785:
783:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
756:
754:
750:
747:
746:United States
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
686:
681:
677:
670:
661:
657:
650:
643:
639:
638:
636:
633:
628:
621:
619:
615:
585:
583:
579:
574:
570:
566:
563:
561:
559:ECHA InfoCard
555:
547:
543:
539:
538:
536:
527:
523:
516:
512:
511:
509:
507:
503:
496:
492:
491:
489:
487:
483:
476:
472:
471:
469:
467:
463:
456:
452:
451:
449:
447:
443:
436:
432:
431:
429:
427:
423:
416:
412:
411:
409:
407:
403:
396:
392:
391:
389:
382:
378:
371:
367:
366:
364:
362:
358:
350:
345:
341:
334:
329:
325:
322:
320:
316:
312:
310:
303:
299:
295:
291:
288:
285:
283:
279:
275:
273:
269:
265:
263:
259:
255:
251:
245:
235:
232:
222:
219:
209:
208:
206:
204:
200:
195:
187:
182:
179:
178:
176:
174:
170:
167:
164:
162:
156:
149:
145:
135:
132:
127:
118:
117:
115:
113:
109:
105:
101:
99:
95:
91:
87:
85:
81:
77:
68:
64:
60:
56:
54:
50:
47:Clinical data
45:
41:
36:
19:
8586:Orphan drugs
8502:
8501:
8472:
8395:
8329:Lavender oil
8071:Nitric oxide
7991:Cryofluorane
7936:Acetophenone
7894:Methaqualone
7889:Mecloqualone
7884:Mebroqualone
7874:Diproqualone
7869:Cloroqualone
7798:Glutethimide
7602:
7554:
7521:
7483:
7456:Testosterone
7421:Progesterone
7386:Hydroxydione
7335:Androsterone
7262:Acecarbromal
7167:constituents
6954:Cyclarbamate
6944:Carisoprodol
6716:Metaclazepam
6711:Menitrazepam
6701:Meclonazepam
6696:Lormetazepam
6626:Flutemazepam
6451:Ciclotizolam
6441:Carburazepam
6333:Thiobarbital
6293:Secobarbital
6258:Phetharbital
6238:Nealbarbital
6223:Methohexital
6208:Hexobarbital
6143:Butallylonal
6138:Butobarbital
6093:Barbexaclone
6088:Aprobarbital
6073:Allobarbital
6060:Barbiturates
6027:
6019:
6009:Petrichloral
5873:
5872:
5783:Talniflumate
5321:
5310:Tetrodotoxin
5300:Neosaxitoxin
5291:
5236:
5210:Propoxycaine
5145:Dimethocaine
5078:
5074:
5043:Valnoctamide
4973:Fosphenytoin
4934:
4908:Procainamide
4898:Pilsicainide
4853:Disopyramide
4839:
4829:
4677:
4645:
4595:
4509:
4477:Ethosuximide
4462:Cloperastine
4440:
4409:Metahexamide
4404:Glycyclamide
4364:Glibornuride
4329:
4293:
4278:
4240:
4219:Thioridazine
4174:Promethazine
4159:Orphenadrine
4149:Ketoconazole
4134:Erythromycin
4023:
3786:
3714:Phensuximide
3694:Ochratoxin A
3634:Ethosuximide
3560:
3482:-selective (
3474:
3384:
3341:
3328:
3310:
3259:ω-Conotoxins
3252:
3202:
3184:Norverapamil
3149:Dexverapamil
3127:
3101:derivatives:
3097:
3094:Vatanidipine
3089:Trombodipine
3054:Palonidipine
3039:Nitrendipine
2994:Mepirodipine
2899:Azelnidipine
2882:
2876:
2740:Fenfluramine
2720:Brivaracetam
2669:Sulfonamides
2667:
2638:
2602:
2587:
2584:Phensuximide
2574:Ethosuximide
2569:Succinimides
2567:
2547:
2506:
2486:Carboxamides
2484:
2464:
2439:
2426:Fosphenytoin
2414:
2375:
2365:
2328:
2283:
2233:
2218:
2190:Barbexaclone
2185:Barbiturates
2183:
2099:
2095:
2056:
2052:
2026:. Retrieved
2019:the original
2001:
1990:. Retrieved
1973:
1962:the original
1957:
1953:
1937:
1928:
1924:
1911:
1900:. Retrieved
1886:
1875:. Retrieved
1847:. Retrieved
1837:
1826:. Retrieved
1816:
1781:
1777:
1767:
1730:
1726:
1708:
1673:
1669:
1659:
1624:
1620:
1610:
1577:
1573:
1551:. Retrieved
1521:. Retrieved
1493:
1484:
1451:
1447:
1405:
1401:
1355:
1351:
1299:
1295:
1249:
1245:
1211:
1207:
1189:
1180:
1169:
1157:. Retrieved
1144:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1083:USAN Council
1078:
1068:
1052:
1031:
1011:
994:double-blind
991:
951:
929:
923:
908:
899:
881:
873:Pharmacology
862:
856:
833:
830:Interactions
789:
757:
752:
741:
706:
698:
697:
348:
306:Elimination
300:not involved
203:Legal status
197:Legal status
112:License data
8411:Stiripentol
8406:Seproxetine
8376:Niacinamide
8356:Loreclezole
8177:Avermectins
8141:Vinyl ether
8111:Sevoflurane
8091:Paraldehyde
8041:Halopropane
7864:Afloqualone
7846:Tracazolate
7841:ICI-190,622
7831:Cartazolate
7808:Piperidione
7803:Methyprylon
7770:Fospropofol
7692:Pipequaline
7500:Pazinaclone
7490:Eszopiclone
7346:Cholesterol
7330:Androstenol
7254:Monoureides
7234:Methysticin
7034:Tetrabamate
7014:Pentabamate
7004:Meprobamate
6974:Febarbamate
6939:Carisbamate
6891:Triflubazam
6881:Tolufazepam
6841:Rilmazafone
6836:Remimazolam
6811:Proflazepam
6796:Pivoxazepam
6756:Nitrazepate
6746:Nimetazepam
6681:Lopirazepam
6651:Haloxazolam
6601:Fludiazepam
6546:Doxefazepam
6521:Delorazepam
6501:Clotiazepam
6496:Clorazepate
6461:Cinolazepam
6358:Vinbarbital
6313:Tetrabamate
6268:Probarbital
6248:Phenallymal
6213:Metharbital
6188:Febarbamate
6083:Amobarbital
5984:Isopropanol
5954:Chloralodol
5449:Triamterene
5403:Poneratoxin
5393:Ciguatoxins
5280:Raxatrigine
5275:Ralfinamide
5270:PF-05089771
5265:PF-04531083
5237:Analgesics:
5195:Piperocaine
5180:Meprylcaine
5175:Mepivacaine
5130:Cinchocaine
5109:Ropivacaine
5101:Bupivacaine
5028:Sipatrigine
5013:Pheneturide
5008:Phenacemide
4993:Mephenytoin
4978:Lamotrigine
4958:Elpetrigine
4913:Propafenone
4858:Dronedarone
4434:Tolbutamide
4424:Repaglinide
4419:Nateglinide
4414:Mitiglinide
4394:Glisoxepide
4379:Glimepiride
4369:Glicaramide
4349:Carbutamide
4251:Linopirdine
4234:Vernakalant
4224:Tolterodine
4214:Terfenadine
4204:Tamulotoxin
4199:Solifenacin
4169:PNU-282,987
4144:Haloperidol
4139:Gigactonine
4119:Domperidone
4104:Darifenacin
4069:Bedaquiline
4054:Azaspiracid
4017:Vernakalant
3952:Linopirdine
3912:Dronedarone
3902:Dendrotoxin
3887:Clamikalant
3759:Tolperisone
3754:Tetrandrine
3744:Sipatrigine
3739:Silperisone
3724:Prenylamine
3664:Lidoflazine
3619:Elpetrigine
3529:Mirogabalin
3433:Lamotrigine
3428:Flunarizine
3423:Efonidipine
3413:Cinnarizine
3408:Cilnidipine
3363:NNC 55-0396
3289:Ralfinamide
3236:Fantofarone
3231:Dronedarone
3216:Budiodarone
3211:Brinazarone
3174:Levemopamil
3074:Sornidipine
3069:Sagandipine
3059:Pranidipine
3034:Nisoldipine
3024:Nilvadipine
3014:Niguldipine
3004:Nicardipine
2969:Lemildipine
2954:Iganidipine
2949:Furnidipine
2914:Cronidipine
2909:Clevidipine
2904:Barnidipine
2894:Aranidipine
2780:from market
2730:Carisbamate
2725:Cannabidiol
2611:Lamotrigine
2515:Lamotrigine
2466:Fatty acids
2461:Pheneturide
2456:Phenacemide
2431:Mephenytoin
2330:Fatty acids
2311:Stiripentol
2306:Paraldehyde
2270:Nimetazepam
2250:Clorazepate
2195:Metharbital
2059:(1): 1–20.
1079:recommended
954:preclinical
938:acetylation
926:metabolized
840:lamotrigine
625: g·mol
565:100.158.123
515:ChEMBL41355
370:150812-12-7
331:Identifiers
294:acetylation
98:MedlinePlus
62:Other names
53:Trade names
8561:Carbamates
8550:Categories
8444:Topiramate
8434:Terpenoids
8391:Propanidid
8381:Org 25,435
8309:Flupirtine
8304:Fluoxetine
8210:Chloralose
8181:ivermectin
8086:Norflurane
8051:Isoflurane
7996:Desflurane
7986:Chloroform
7946:Aliflurane
7879:Etaqualone
7707:SB-205,384
7637:CP-615,003
7632:CL-218,872
7586:Panadiplon
7576:Lorediplon
7505:Suproclone
7466:Zuranolone
7426:Renanolone
7411:Posovolone
7391:Minaxolone
7381:Ganaxolone
7320:Alfaxalone
7315:Alfadolone
7305:Acebrochol
7272:Bromisoval
7150:Metomidate
7137:Imidazoles
7097:Hispidulin
7049:Flavonoids
7009:Nisobamate
6999:Mebutamate
6969:Ethinamate
6964:Emylcamate
6931:Carbamates
6901:Tuclazepam
6876:Tetrazepam
6831:Reclazepam
6806:Premazepam
6786:Phenazepam
6766:Nordazepam
6761:Nitrazolam
6751:Nitrazepam
6731:Motrazepam
6686:Loprazolam
6676:Lofendazam
6661:Imidazenil
6621:Flutazolam
6616:Flurazepam
6586:Fletazepam
6541:Dimdazenil
6536:Diclazepam
6516:Cyprazepam
6506:Cloxazolam
6486:Clonazolam
6481:Clonazepam
6471:Climazolam
6431:Brotizolam
6426:Bromazolam
6421:Bromazepam
6416:Bretazenil
6411:Bentazepam
6401:Arfendazam
6396:Alprazolam
6391:Adinazolam
6363:Vinylbital
6343:Thiopental
6218:Methitural
6133:Buthalital
6128:Butalbital
5979:Isobutanol
5753:Bumetanide
5691:Activators
5681:Piretanide
5676:Lonidamine
5627:Activators
5612:Mibefradil
5607:Mefloquine
5597:Furosemide
5592:Fluoxetine
5572:Crofelemer
5459:Activators
5382:Versutoxin
5378:Robustoxin
5360:Activators
5345:Safinamide
5295:Conotoxins
5230:Trimecaine
5225:Tetracaine
5200:Prilocaine
5190:Orthocaine
5165:Iontocaine
5160:Hexylcaine
5155:Etidocaine
5096:Benzocaine
5086:Amylocaine
5068:Zonisamide
5063:Valpromide
5033:Topiramate
5023:Rufinamide
4983:Lacosamide
4948:Cenobamate
4903:Prajmaline
4893:Moricizine
4888:Mexiletine
4883:Lorcainide
4868:Flecainide
4833:Ranolazine
4773:Activators
4758:Fluoxetine
4702:Nimesulide
4684:-specific:
4670:Activators
4652:-specific:
4604:-specific:
4584:Rilmakalim
4574:Nicorandil
4534:Cromakalim
4521:-specific:
4502:Activators
4492:Tipepidine
4482:Ifenprodil
4457:Caramiphen
4449:-specific:
4429:Tolazamide
4389:Gliquidone
4374:Gliclazide
4341:-specific:
4294:Retigabine
4289:Flupirtine
4286:-specific:
4271:Activators
4248:-specific:
4229:Vanoxerine
4209:Terodiline
4194:Sertindole
4184:Ranolazine
4049:Astemizole
4039:Amiodarone
4007:Terikalant
3982:Pinokalant
3967:Nifekalant
3962:Maurotoxin
3957:Lolitrem B
3947:Kaliotoxin
3907:Dofetilide
3897:Dalazatide
3892:Conotoxins
3862:Amiodarone
3857:Almokalant
3779:Activators
3769:Valperinol
3749:Terodiline
3689:Naftopidil
3679:Mesuximide
3609:Enpiperate
3589:Cycleanine
3574:Bevantolol
3564:Bencyclane
3554:Pregabalin
3544:PD-299,685
3539:PD-217,014
3534:PD-200,347
3524:Imagabalin
3514:Gabapentin
3504:Atagabalin
3494:Arbaclofen
3453:Mibefradil
3448:Loperamide
3443:Lomerizine
3418:Dotarizine
3398:Benidipine
3378:Zonisamide
3294:Safinamide
3269:Caroverine
3221:Celivarone
3169:Gallopamil
3124:Siratiazem
3114:Iprotiazem
3104:Clentiazem
3084:Tiamdipine
3079:Teludipine
3044:Olradipine
3029:Nimodipine
3019:Niludipine
3009:Nifedipine
2999:Mesudipine
2989:Manidipine
2964:Lacidipine
2959:Isradipine
2944:Flordipine
2939:Felodipine
2934:Elnadipine
2929:Elgodipine
2919:Darodipine
2889:Amlodipine
2755:Perampanel
2745:Ganaxolone
2735:Etiracetam
2694:Zonisamide
2689:Topiramate
2639:Retigabine
2621:Zonisamide
2616:Topiramate
2599:Pregabalin
2594:Gabapentin
2579:Mesuximide
2530:Zonisamide
2525:Topiramate
2520:Rufinamide
2510:Lacosamide
2476:Valpromide
2416:Hydantoins
2398:modulators
2350:Vigabatrin
2340:Valpromide
2275:Nitrazepam
2245:Clonazepam
2225:Cenobamate
2220:Carbamates
2160:GABAergics
2028:2010-07-19
1992:2010-07-19
1902:2010-07-19
1877:2010-08-13
1849:2010-07-19
1828:2011-06-13
1553:2011-06-13
1523:2011-06-13
1093:References
982:picrotoxin
895:flupirtine
796:drowsiness
722:epilepsies
699:Retigabine
630:3D model (
618:Molar mass
475:12G01I6BBU
446:ChemSpider
406:IUPHAR/BPS
361:CAS Number
340:IUPAC name
282:Metabolism
244:Schedule V
32:Retigabine
8503:See also:
8465:valerenol
8386:Phenytoin
8366:Monastrol
8324:Lanthanum
8319:KRM-II-81
8282:Fenamates
8277:Etifoxine
8272:Etazepine
8267:Efavirenz
8225:Darigabat
8121:Teflurane
8106:Roflurane
8101:Propylene
8046:Halothane
8031:Fluroxene
8016:Enflurane
7919:Volatiles
7836:Etazolate
7747:Viqualine
7702:RWJ-51204
7667:L-838,417
7657:Imepitoin
7627:CGS-20625
7622:CGS-13767
7607:Adipiplon
7581:Ocinaplon
7543:Saripidem
7538:Necopidem
7515:Zopiclone
7510:Suriclone
7495:Pagoclone
7401:ORG-21465
7396:ORG-20599
7287:Ectylurea
7277:Carbromal
7155:Propoxate
7145:Etomidate
7072:Baicalein
7029:Styramate
7024:Procymate
6994:Lorbamate
6979:Felbamate
6949:Clocental
6921:Zomebazam
6916:Zolazepam
6911:Zapizolam
6906:Uldazepam
6886:Triazolam
6871:Temazepam
6866:Sulazepam
6856:Ro48-8684
6851:Ro48-6791
6846:Ripazepam
6816:Pyrazolam
6791:Pinazepam
6741:Nifoxipam
6726:Midazolam
6721:Mexazolam
6706:Medazepam
6691:Lorazepam
6671:Ketazolam
6666:Irazepine
6656:Iclazepam
6646:Halazepam
6641:Gidazepam
6636:Fosazepam
6556:Estazolam
6551:Elfazepam
6526:Demoxepam
6456:Cinazepam
6436:Camazepam
6406:Avizafone
6328:Thiamylal
6263:Primidone
6193:Heptabarb
6183:Eterobarb
6148:Carbubarb
6045:Triclofos
5944:Brometone
5874:See also:
5773:Mepacrine
5719:Ivacaftor
5635:Carbachol
5518:Ibuprofen
5508:Amiloride
5467:Solnatide
5439:Amiloride
5368:Aconitine
5330:Evenamide
5305:Saxitoxin
5220:Risocaine
5170:Lidocaine
5115:Butacaine
5091:Articaine
5018:Phenytoin
4928:Tocainide
4923:Sparteine
4918:Quinidine
4878:Lorajmine
4873:Lidocaine
4863:Encainide
4848:Aprindine
4589:Sarakalim
4579:Pinacidil
4569:Naminidil
4559:Minoxidil
4554:Mazokalim
4539:Diazoxide
4529:Bimakalim
4524:Aprikalim
4487:Tertiapin
4467:Clozapine
4384:Glipizide
4179:Quinidine
4129:Ergtoxins
4094:Cisapride
4084:BRL-32872
4064:Azimilide
4027:(KCNH2, K
4002:Tedisamil
3987:Quinidine
3977:Paxilline
3942:Inakalant
3937:Ibutilide
3922:Hanatoxin
3877:Bunaftine
3872:Bretylium
3867:Azimilide
3852:Adekalant
3811:Potassium
3793:Bay K8644
3734:Sesamodil
3684:Monatepil
3674:Manoalide
3669:Magnesium
3654:Imepitoin
3644:Fendiline
3624:Ethadione
3614:Eperisone
3594:Dauricine
3569:Berbamine
3480:δ subunit
3284:PD-173212
3199:Verapamil
3189:Ronipamil
3179:Nexopamil
3164:Falipamil
3159:Etripamil
3144:Devapamil
3139:Dagapamil
3119:Nictiazem
3109:Diltiazem
3099:Diltiazem
3049:Oxodipine
2790:Phase III
2778:Withdrawn
2715:Beclamide
2606:Imepitoin
2554:Ethadione
2471:Valproate
2436:Phenytoin
2382:Tiagabine
2372:Progabide
2335:Valproate
2301:Imepitoin
2280:Temazepam
2265:Midazolam
2260:Lorazepam
2230:Felbamate
2215:Primidone
1448:Neurology
1402:CNS Drugs
1044:scheduled
1042:had been
852:clearance
844:phenytoin
800:dizziness
726:developed
707:ezogabine
319:Excretion
308:half-life
159:Routes of
148:Ezogabine
84:Drugs.com
18:Ezogabine
8540:Medicine
8491:TCS-1205
8486:TCS-1105
8476:α-Pinene
8449:Valerian
8424:tetronal
8401:Safranal
8350:obovatol
8346:magnolol
8342:honokiol
8172:Alogabat
8167:AA-29504
8116:Synthane
8076:Nitrogen
8056:Kerosine
8036:Gasoline
8026:Ethylene
7966:Centalun
7961:Butylene
7775:Propofol
7737:U-89843A
7717:TGSC01AA
7687:NS-11394
7652:GBLD-345
7617:CGS-9896
7612:CGS-8216
7596:Zaleplon
7591:Taniplon
7571:Indiplon
7566:Fasiplon
7561:Divaplon
7548:Zolpidem
7451:SAGE-872
7446:SAGE-689
7441:SAGE-516
7436:SAGE-324
7431:SAGE-105
7339:Certain
7282:Capuride
7244:Yangonin
7121:baicalin
7117:Skullcap
7107:Luteolin
7082:Catechin
7077:Baicalin
7067:Apigenin
7039:Tybamate
6826:Quazepam
6821:QH-II-66
6801:Prazepam
6781:Oxazolam
6776:Oxazepam
6576:Etizolam
6531:Diazepam
6511:CP-1414S
6476:Clobazam
6466:Clazolam
6353:Valofane
6308:Talbutal
6298:Sigmodal
6203:Hexethal
6098:Barbital
6078:Alphenal
6068:(-)-DMBB
6014:Propanol
6004:Pentanol
5994:Methanol
5936:Alcohols
5859:instead.
5834:instead.
5745:Blockers
5737:Unsorted
5663:Blockers
5564:Blockers
5541:Chloride
5503:A-317567
5495:Blockers
5444:Benzamil
5431:Blockers
5260:NKTR-171
5255:GDC-0276
5250:Funapide
5245:DSP-2230
5240:AZD-3161
5205:Procaine
5120:Butamben
4968:Ethotoin
4843:Ajmaline
4822:Blockers
4781:Riluzole
4740:Blockers
4638:Blockers
4544:Emakalim
4322:Blockers
4164:Pimozide
4034:Ajmaline
3834:Blockers
3649:Fostedil
3579:Canadine
3549:Phenibut
3509:Baclofen
3458:NP078585
3403:Bepridil
3241:SR-33805
3194:Tiapamil
3154:Emopamil
3134:Anipamil
2869:Blockers
2710:Albutoin
2684:Sultiame
2421:Ethotoin
2255:Diazepam
2240:Clobazam
2108:10220491
2083:15867950
2006:(2010).
1945:(1996).
1872:Medscape
1808:16621450
1759:32636742
1700:26880756
1651:19298256
1602:72918370
1594:19443931
1518:Medscape
1476:24574886
1468:17420403
1430:23557118
1422:16800718
1382:18049722
1326:18590620
1274:11112809
1266:10908292
1128:11831540
1022:endpoint
1014:Phase II
1001:Phase II
966:amygdala
962:kindling
863:In vitro
804:tinnitus
776:migraine
772:tinnitus
713:) is an
426:DrugBank
173:ATC code
166:By mouth
8438:borneol
8436:(e.g.,
8428:trional
8418:(e.g.,
8336:(e.g.,
8334:Lignans
8284:(e.g.,
8242:(e.g.,
8187:Bromide
8179:(e.g.,
8162:α-EMTBL
8126:Toluene
8096:Propane
7971:Chloral
7951:Benzene
7931:Acetone
7762:Phenols
7752:Y-23684
7742:U-90042
7727:TPA-023
7712:SX-3228
7697:ROD-188
7682:NS-2710
7677:NS-2664
7662:JM-1232
7647:ELB-139
7642:CTP-354
7528:Alpidem
7127:Wogonin
7102:Linarin
6581:FG-8205
6288:Reposal
5989:Menthol
5949:Butanol
5513:Aspirin
5335:Menthol
5322:Others:
5292:Toxins:
5135:Cocaine
4660:GAL-021
4280:KCNQ (K
4242:KCNQ (K
4059:AZD1305
3997:Sotalol
3992:ShK-186
3972:Notoxin
3659:JTV-519
3639:Fasudil
3368:ProTx I
3348:ABT-639
3335:SNX-482
3206:AH-1058
3203:Others:
2846:Calcium
2603:Others:
2507:Others:
2441:Ureides
2396:Channel
2287:Bromide
2284:Others:
2074:6741764
1895:. U.S.
1799:1562526
1750:7318307
1733:: 895.
1691:4772374
1642:2697739
1373:2096728
1317:2587091
1228:9384239
1136:5568963
1046:by the
974:kainate
964:of the
948:History
859:digoxin
808:vertigo
742:Trobalt
719:partial
623:303.337
582:Formula
435:DB04953
381:PubChem
189:)
183: (
181:N03AX21
146::
128::
104:a612028
8526:Portal
8371:Niacin
7956:Butane
7909:SL-164
7780:Thymol
7722:TP-003
7603:Others
7406:P1-185
7366:5β-DHP
7361:5α-DHP
7356:3α-DHP
7204:Kavain
7112:Rc-OMe
5810:Others
4799:Sodium
4452:Barium
4256:XE-991
4124:E-4031
4074:BeKm-1
4044:AmmTX3
3927:HgeTx1
3917:E-4031
3699:Osthol
3468:TROX-1
3353:ML-218
2773:WHO-EM
2703:Others
2652:Others
2359:Others
2106:
2081:
2071:
1931:(241).
1806:
1796:
1757:
1747:
1698:
1688:
1649:
1639:
1600:
1592:
1474:
1466:
1428:
1420:
1380:
1370:
1324:
1314:
1272:
1264:
1226:
1159:4 June
1134:
1126:
980:, and
940:. The
816:tremor
753:Potiga
656:SMILES
506:ChEMBL
495:D09569
455:108740
395:121892
347:Ethyl
324:Kidney
276:60–80%
242:
229:
216:
141:
131:by INN
124:
8230:DEABL
7923:gases
7732:TP-13
7461:THDOC
7351:DHDOC
5844:LGICs
5551:CaCCs
5523:PcTX1
5482:ASICs
4809:VGSCs
4079:BmTx3
3932:HsTx1
3821:VGKCs
2856:VDCCs
2022:(PDF)
2011:(PDF)
1983:(PDF)
1965:(PDF)
1950:(PDF)
1921:(PDF)
1598:S2CID
1472:S2CID
1426:S2CID
1270:S2CID
1153:(PDF)
1132:S2CID
992:In a
705:) or
676:InChI
632:JSmol
326:(84%)
287:Liver
7533:DS-1
7165:Kava
7092:EGCG
6028:tert
6020:tert
5923:GABA
5857:here
5855:See
5832:here
5830:See
5819:TRPs
5650:CFTR
5577:DIDS
5418:ENaC
5339:mint
4727:K2Ps
4598:GIRK
4443:GIRK
4309:IRKs
4025:hERG
3373:Z944
3299:Z160
2176:PAMs
2169:GABA
2104:PMID
2079:PMID
1804:PMID
1755:PMID
1696:PMID
1647:PMID
1590:PMID
1464:PMID
1418:PMID
1378:PMID
1322:PMID
1262:PMID
1224:PMID
1161:2014
1124:PMID
1069:The
1065:Name
978:NMDA
936:and
884:KCNQ
820:gait
806:and
790:The
778:and
732:and
711:USAN
486:KEGG
466:UNII
415:2601
292:and
256:data
80:AHFS
67:USAN
8262:DS2
7371:DHT
7087:EGC
5081:FBT
4514:ATP
4334:ATP
2151:N03
2069:PMC
2061:doi
1794:PMC
1786:doi
1745:PMC
1735:doi
1686:PMC
1678:doi
1674:147
1637:PMC
1629:doi
1625:156
1582:doi
1456:doi
1410:doi
1368:PMC
1360:doi
1312:PMC
1304:doi
1254:doi
1216:doi
1212:336
1116:doi
1075:WHO
888:Kv7
728:by
703:INN
531:EPA
385:CID
298:CYP
266:60%
231:POM
186:WHO
144:FDA
126:EMA
8552::
8512:•
8508:•
8463:,
8459:,
8455:,
8426:,
8422:,
8348:,
8344:,
8340:,
8296:,
8292:,
8288:,
8254:,
8250:,
8246:,
8197:,
8193:,
7605::
7559::
7526::
7488::
5879:•
5380:,
5376:,
5107:,
4681:Ca
4679:BK
4649:Ca
4647:BK
4624:Ca
4284:7)
4246:7)
3486:):
3201:;
3126:;
3096:;
2786::
2601:;
2586:;
2572::
2566:;
2505:;
2483:;
2463:;
2438:;
2374:;
2370::
2293:,
2282:;
2238::
2232:;
2223::
2217:;
2100:27
2098:.
2094:.
2077:.
2067:.
2057:11
2055:.
2051:.
2013:.
1985:.
1958:10
1956:.
1952:.
1929:76
1927:.
1923:.
1870:.
1858:^
1802:.
1792:.
1782:69
1780:.
1776:.
1753:.
1743:.
1731:11
1729:.
1725:.
1694:.
1684:.
1672:.
1668:.
1645:.
1635:.
1623:.
1619:.
1596:.
1588:.
1578:61
1576:.
1562:^
1532:^
1516:.
1504:^
1492:.
1470:.
1462:.
1452:68
1450:.
1438:^
1424:.
1416:.
1406:20
1404:.
1390:^
1376:.
1366:.
1354:.
1350:.
1334:^
1320:.
1310:.
1298:.
1294:.
1282:^
1268:.
1260:.
1250:58
1248:.
1236:^
1222:.
1210:.
1198:^
1188:.
1130:.
1122:.
1112:42
1110:.
1050:.
1012:A
996:,
976:,
972:,
968:,
802:,
798:,
774:,
596:18
590:16
296:.
238:US
225:UK
218:S4
212:AU
138:US
121:EU
71:US
8528::
8467:)
8440:)
8430:)
8352:)
8300:)
8258:)
8201:)
8183:)
7921:/
7123:)
5970:)
5966:(
5926:A
5914:e
5907:t
5900:v
5384:)
5341:)
5337:(
5111:)
5103:(
5079:p
4622:K
4512:K
4332:K
4282:v
4244:v
4029:v
3790::
3478:2
3476:α
3345::
3332::
3314::
3256::
3131::
2886::
2880::
2830:e
2823:t
2816:v
2671::
2591::
2551::
2488::
2468::
2443::
2418::
2379::
2297:)
2289:(
2187::
2173:R
2171:A
2153:)
2149:(
2139:e
2132:t
2125:v
2110:.
2085:.
2063::
2031:.
1995:.
1905:.
1880:.
1852:.
1831:.
1810:.
1788::
1761:.
1737::
1723:"
1721:2
1717:V
1702:.
1680::
1653:.
1631::
1604:.
1584::
1556:.
1526:.
1498:.
1478:.
1458::
1432:.
1412::
1384:.
1362::
1356:7
1328:.
1306::
1300:8
1276:.
1256::
1230:.
1218::
1163:.
1138:.
1118::
932:-
930:N
886:/
709:(
701:(
634:)
611:2
608:O
605:3
602:N
599:F
593:H
587:C
533:)
529:(
349:N
240::
227::
214::
82:/
74:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
