423:, the EOKA-B did not have the overwhelming support of the Greek Cypriot population, as Makarios had called an election after a failed assassination attempt on him and his coalition won 27 out of the 35 seats. The main supporters of EOKA B were pro-enosis supporters who won 7 seats in the previous election, old EOKA fighters who felt they never received the recognition that they deserved after the revolt, right wing military personnel and some pro-enosis elements of the Church of Cyprus. The only armed, organized resistance to EOKA-B came from the Army Reserve, "
32:
390:
in the early 1950s. After the declaration of independent Cyprus state he took over the
Supreme Command of the Greek Cypriot forces organised under the National Guard as well as the Greek military division in early 1960s. Following Turkey's ultimatum of November 1967 he was recalled by the Greek junta
1030:
a result of the
Turkish invasion of Cyprus of July 20, 1974 2,500 Greek Cypriots died in fighting or as a result of war crimes by the Turkish army or Turkish Cypriot extremists, 500 T/C in fighting and as result of atrocities of Greek Cypriot extremists and around 500 Turkish troops (The Tragic Duel
337:
with Greece. During its short history, the organisation's chief aim was to block any attempt to enforce upon the Cyprus people what the organisation considered to be an unacceptable settlement to the Cyprus issue. In addition, the organisation drafted various plans to overthrow
President Makarios.
516:
On 17 April 1991, Ambassador Nelson Ledsky testified before the U.S. Senate
Foreign Relations Committee that "most of the 'missing persons' disappeared in the first days of July 1974, before the Turkish invasion on the 20th. Many killed on the Greek side were killed by Greek Cypriots in fighting
443:
When Grivas
Digenis died from heart failure on 27 January 1974, the post-Grivas EOKA-B increasingly came under the direct control and influence of the military junta in Athens. EOKA-B was on the verge of dissolution by July 1974. Yet on 15 July 1974 the Greek dictator
475:
division of the island. Ioannides was taken by surprise by the
Turkish invasion and failed to convince or coerce the Greek generals to send military reinforcements to Cyprus. The subsequent toppling of the Greek junta led to Sampson's resignation on 23 July 1974.
567:
483:
into Cyprus. By the end of hostilities, about 180,000 Greek
Cypriots (almost one third of the population), were forcibly uprooted from their homes and properties, while 80,000 Turkish Cypriots were forced north. Thousands more were killed or listed as missing.
757:
568:"EOKA-B disbands in aid of unity: The notorious underground EOKA-B movement, responsible for a militant campaign against Archbishop Makarios, announces that it has disbanded itself - February 11, 1978 - Cyprus Mail"
400:
in 1959 and the reaffirmation of this position during his re-election in 1968. Grivas, along with his new EOKA-B organisation, attempted to forcefully oust
Makarios in order to enact his original goal of
773:
655:
689:
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and the
Betrayal of Cyprus-Marios Adamides-2011).ei=7sBsTM-vJ8nJcbPU_G8&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CEAQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=Aloa&f=false p. 237.
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361:. Homicide charges were dropped on 4 June 1977 by a Cypriot court against the two men accused of killing the ambassador. According to the
213:
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as his last organizational attempt before his death on 17 January 1974. Grivas, a stridently anti-communist military leader during the
394:
After Grivas returned to Cyprus in 1971, he created EOKA-B in response to
President Archbishop Makarios' deviation from the policy of
604:
115:
841:"Legitimizing Insurgency: Social Norms and Social Networks as Instruments in Recruitment by Organizations of Political Violence"
232:
370:
1970s Cyprus correspondent, Joseph W. Fitchett, EOKA-B members were "motivated by a mixture of patriotism, money and macho".
316:'National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters') was a Greek Cypriot paramilitary organisation formed in 1971 by General
53:
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The organisation continued its activities until it officially declared its dissolution and disbanded on 11 February 1978.
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Due to its attacks on civilians (Post Grivas), it was considered a criminal organization and was outlawed by the
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49:
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On 14 August, during the invasion, EOKA-B committed massacres and crimes against Turkish-Cypriots in
435:, despite the mild verbal opposition to EOKA-B, had not organized any form of resistance against it.
424:
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311:
64:
889:
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909:
342:
228:
198:
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O'Malley, Brandan and Craig. Ian. The Cyprus Conspiracy, Pub. I.B. Tauris, London, 1999. p. 137.
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which was led by Greek officers and consisted of Greek-Cypriot conscripts, and EOKA-B to launch
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This action provoked a Turkish invasion of Cyprus on 20 July 1974, leading to the subsequent
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508:, leaving one survivor. 126 were killed in the villages of Maratha, Santalaris and Aloda.
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143:
427:", a special police force set up by Makarios and the members of the Socialist Party
89:
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Bodies of Evidence: Burial, Memory, and the Recovery of Missing Persons in Cyprus
594:
31:
353:. EOKA-B members were also arrested for the kidnapping of the son of president
497:
321:
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and Kiti. They massacred 84 Turkish-Cypriot men and boys from the village of
203:
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as well as armed supporters of Makarios in every town. The Communist Party
997:"Cyprus massacre victims laid to rest with military honours – T-VINE"
501:
461:
406:
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334:
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187:
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941:"August 14, 1974: Turkey launches second offensive on Cyprus | News"
905:"With New Talks Near, Cypriots Wonder How the Divide Can Be Bridged"
690:"Cyprus to Arrest, Try 6 Rightists In '74 Death of U.S. Ambassador"
146:(Until 1973 where he became sick and later died in January of 1974)
758:"Three Greek Cypriot Rightists Arraigned in Killing of U.S. Envoy"
656:"Three Greek Cypriot Rightists Arraigned in Killing of U.S. Envoy"
16:
1971–1974 Greek Cypriot ultranationalist paramilitary organisation
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255:
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20:
416:(1955–1959) were seen by the majority of the Greek Cypriots as
357:. and for being involved in the assassination of US ambassador
971:"Survivor of '74 Tochni massacre: Eoka B fired for 10 minutes"
25:
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ideology and had the ultimate goal of achieving the
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56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
349:. Among the attacks it is responsible for is the
391:to Athens, only to return under cover in 1971.
468:was installed as the new president of Cyprus.
517:between supporters of Makarios and Sampson."
8:
882:"Cyprus: Big Troubles over a Small Island"
622:"Kidnapers Seize Son of Cyprus' President"
129:
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
876:
874:
559:
438:
860:
849:
351:Maratha, Santalaris and Aloda massacre
839:Christou, Odysseas (September 2014).
756:Fitchett, Joseph (12 February 1977).
654:Fitchett, Joseph (12 February 1977).
620:Fitchett, Joseph (16 December 1977).
270:Ethniki Organosis Kyprion Agoniston B
7:
688:Fitchett, Joseph (4 February 1977).
479:On 14 August 1974, Turkey mounted a
460:Makarios but failed, and he fled to
54:adding citations to reliable sources
903:Simons, Marlise (19 August 1991).
804:. 28 February 1972. Archived from
320:("Digenis"). It followed an ultra
307:Εθνική Οργάνωσις Κυπρίων Αγωνιστών
14:
19:For the 1955–59 group, see
722:Fitchett, Joseph (4 June 1977).
599:. Scarecrow Press. p. 116.
439:Coup d'etat and Turkish invasion
277:
30:
596:Historical Dictionary of Cyprus
233:Turkish Resistance Organisation
214:Greek military junta of 1967–74
41:needs additional citations for
888:. 29 July 1974. Archived from
378:EOKA-B was founded by General
1:
1069:1971 establishments in Cyprus
488:Atrocities on 14 August 1974
386:, was among the founders of
216:(From January to July 1974)
1090:
1059:Military history of Cyprus
593:Mirbagheri, Farid (2009).
547:Once Upon a Time in Cyprus
18:
306:
248:
1020:, Berghahn Books, 2007,
244:Pro-Makarios supporters
199:Political position
859:Cite journal requires
724:"Cyprus Drops Charges"
456:. EOKA-B attempted to
150:Athanasios Sklavenitis
50:improve this article
446:Dimitrios Ioannides
345:after the death of
1016:Paul Sant Cassia,
910:The New York Times
359:Rodger Paul Davies
343:Republic of Cyprus
229:Republic of Cyprus
159:Dates of operation
1026:978-1-84545-228-5
945:www.sigmalive.com
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263:
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219:Progressive Front
184:Greek nationalism
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574:. 3 October 2015
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421:freedom fighters
418:anti-colonialist
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355:Spyros Kyprianou
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951:on 7 April 2019
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512:Later testimony
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454:a military coup
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384:Greek Civil War
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364:Washington Post
318:Georgios Grivas
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1064:1974 in Cyprus
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1054:Cyprus dispute
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977:. 15 June 2017
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796:"The Survivor"
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776:on 6 July 2018
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106:September 2012
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808:on 3 May 2010
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380:George Grivas
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61:Find sources:
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39:This article
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168:Headquarters
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48:Please help
43:verification
40:
1074:Greek junta
975:Cyprus Mail
939:SigmaLive.
572:Cyprus Mail
540:Attilas '74
458:assassinate
333:(union) of
1043:Categories
554:References
498:Santalaris
322:right-wing
76:newspapers
919:0362-4331
770:0190-8286
736:0190-8286
702:0190-8286
668:0190-8286
634:0190-8286
500:, Aloda,
448:used the
374:Formation
225:Opponents
204:Far-right
163:1971–1978
521:See also
473:de facto
425:Efedriko
412:Whereas
179:Ideology
65:"EOKA B"
1002:7 April
981:7 April
955:7 April
924:7 April
812:30 July
494:Maratha
314:
138:Leaders
90:scholar
1049:EOKA B
1024:
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780:3 June
768:
741:3 June
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707:21 May
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673:21 May
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639:21 May
632:
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578:3 June
533:Akamas
506:Tochni
502:Tochni
462:London
407:Greece
403:enosis
397:enosis
368:'s
335:Cyprus
330:enosis
274:EOKA B
266:EOKA-B
210:Allies
188:Enosis
172:Cyprus
133:EOKA B
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
844:(PDF)
405:with
303:Greek
97:JSTOR
83:books
1022:ISBN
1004:2019
983:2019
957:2019
926:2019
915:ISSN
886:Time
865:help
814:2008
801:Time
782:2018
766:ISSN
743:2018
732:ISSN
709:2018
698:ISSN
675:2018
664:ISSN
641:2018
630:ISSN
601:ISBN
580:2018
527:EOKA
433:AKEL
429:EDEK
414:EOKA
388:EOKA
312:lit.
256:EOKA
241:AKEL
237:EDEK
69:news
21:EOKA
268:or
52:by
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