453:
232:-reinforced polymer bodywork. The craft is 8.62 m (28.3 ft) wide, 6.15 m (20.2 ft) long and 2.51 m (8 ft 3 in) high. The battery pack holds 13.5-kWh. Empty weight is 488 kg (1,076 lb) and hosts an up to 79 kg (174 lb) pilot. The vehicle features at least three flight controllers, driving 32 vertical propellers in the case of motor or flight controller failure, with a parachute in the event of total failure. The plane is to be sold as an experimental kit aircraft that requires only a private pilot license.
543:
20:
139:, on January 9, 2010. This concept utilized a new technology developed at NASA called Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP). Additional Puffin papers were published on September 13 at the 10th AIAA ATIO Conference, NASA Puffin Electric Tailsitter VTOL Concept and Puffin Redundant Electric Powertrain System. This was fast followed in 2011 by several industry efforts, namely the
366:
VA-X4, and Zuri 2.0 are tilt-rotor craft. The AMSL Aero
Vertiia uses a hybrid that pivots the rotor-holding part of its otherwise fixed box wing design. Another approach to thrust vectoring is to use flaps to divert air coming from a horizontal motor downward to create lift. Craft Aero is notable for
227:
In 2020, Tetra
Aviation won the "disruptor award" at the GoFly personal flight contest for its single-seat eVTOL. In 2021, the company announced its Mk5 personal eVTOL that it expects to deliver in 2022. It incorporates 32 vertical lift rotors distributed across long, thin front and rear wings, along
580:
eVTOL systems have multiple applications in agriculture, particularly in the areas of crop protection and cover cropping. Guardian
Agriculture offers a heavy-lift unmanned aerial platform, the SC1, capable of carrying over 100 kg. In 2023 Guardian Agriculture's SC1 became the first eVTOL system
571:
and
Pipistrel have unveiled heavy-lift uncrewed cargo aircraft, with the Sabrewing aircraft having a capacity to carry a payload of up to 5,400 pounds in a vertical take off scenario. Volocopter has also developed a cargo eVTOL aircraft, the VoloDrone, that can carry up to 200 kg with a maximum
266:
announced plans to enter the eVTOL business in Asia by 2030, anticipating demand for fast short-distance travel that the vehicles could provide in the region's traffic-choked cities. The company is developing electric vertical take-off and landing craft, which will incorporate autonomous technology,
239:
In 2021, Urban eVTOL announced the Leo, a 3-seat, 250 mph (400 km/h), 300 mi (480 km) vehicle. It hosts 16 40-cm diameter, 10-kw ducted fans for vertical lift, and 6 28 cm diameter, turbine-bladed rear engines for horizontal thrust. The wing is a double box-wing design. The
212:
published a paper on a project called
Elevate co-authored by Jeff Holden, Nikhil Goel, and Mark Moore. The paper outlined the feasibility of an on-demand aviation transportation system. That document, along with subsequent annual Elevate summits the company hosted from 2017 to 2019, helped advance
371:
that is attached to the bottom of the fuselage in the front and the top of the fuselage in the back, presenting a diamond shape when viewed from above. The design includes a turbine generator for increased range. Odys
Aviation vectors thrust from its 16 motors by extending flaps that direct the
224:. Upon acquisition, Joby CEO JoeBen Bivert said, "The team at Uber Elevate has not only played an important role in our industry, they have also developed a remarkable set of software tools that build on more than a decade of experience enabling on-demand mobility."
235:
In
October 2020 with a $ 60 million investment in Joby Aviation, a business building an electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft intended to provide air cab service, Delta joined the list of airlines funding EV technology startups.
439:(which could be too low for vertical takeoff/landing), but newer designs claim to have solved this problem with much higher specific power. There are also proposals to use batteries for takeoff/landing, and hydrogen fuel cells for cruising.
258:
that showed eVTOL aircraft could have an energy efficiency that is comparable to or higher than terrestrial electric vehicles. The study also assigned a high technological readiness level for battery-powered eVTOLs.
353:
designs change the direction of thrust, vectoring thrust vertically for takeoff/landing and horizontally while cruising. The entire wing (tilt-wing) can pivot to or just the rotors (tilt-rotor). The Archer Maker,
134:
eVTOL concept went viral on
November 11, 2009, showcasing a single person concept rendering of the technology, and concept in flight. Following this, the first Puffin paper at the VFS Specialists Conference on
2047:
408:
or closed wing designs also use two wings, but the wings are connected in such a way that the wingtips are eliminated. The wings may be vertically stacked or arranged front and rear as in tandem designs.
2092:
2068:
385:
PteroDynamics uses a folding wing design that allows easy storage land transport of the vehicle. Takeoff occurs with the wings in the folded position, with an in-flight transition to fully extended.
2534:
1943:
159:(AIAA) in 2014 during the "Transformative Vertical Flight Concepts Joint Workshop on Enabling New Flight Concepts through Novel Propulsion and Energy Architectures" held in
2384:
156:
596:
In 2020, the
Canadian Advanced Air Mobility (CAAM) consortium studied the benefits of eVTOL for direct hospital-to-hospital transportation of patients, organs and drugs.
663:
On 12 December 2021, Embraer and BAE Systems announced plans to embark on a joint study to explore the development of Eve's vehicle for the defence and security market.
1495:
240:
intent is that it be small enough to park in a standard automobile space. The split battery system holds 66-kWh. A ballistic parachute is included. It has yet to fly.
2434:
322:
As of March 2024, Embraer had signed contracts with twenty-eight companies for 2,850 orders of eVTOLs, valued at US$ 8 billion from 30 customers in 13 countries.
1054:
2039:
1178:
63:
that can enable greener and quieter flights. Electric and hybrid propulsion systems (EHPS) have also the potential of lowering the operating costs of aircraft.
2116:
319:
Vertical
Aerospace announced pre-orders for 1,000 eVTOLs in June 2021, including from American Airlines, Virgin Atlantic and aircraft lessor, Avalon Holdings.
2333:
593:. This type of vehicle is not a replacement for land vehicles or helicopters, but a new tool that, thanks to the electric motor, is faster than the others.
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2527:
1907:
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799:
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935:
893:
677:
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1121:
2253:
66:
Original eVTOL aircraft designs are being developed by original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) that include legacy manufacturers such as
2014:
1512:
300:
206:
have been playing an important role in the development of these air vehicles and had sometimes been leaders in technological advances.
2788:
1972:
1378:
1951:
1443:
1234:
2140:
697:
388:
Hybrid designs employ some fixed and some tilting motors, as shown by Archer Maker, Vertical Aerospace VA-1X, and Wisk Cora.
166:
Since then, there has been a significant increase in interest among aircraft manufacturers for eVTOLs, and companies such as
980:
644:
In April 2020, the USAF announced $ 25 million-worth funding of eVTOL projects for development in 2021. On August 20, 2020,
604:
eVTOL aircraft have been created to introduce electric flight into recreational or sporting aviation, such as racing series
922:, Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations (ATIO) Conferences, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics,
870:, Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations (ATIO) Conferences, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics,
723:
620:
with eFrancisco Motor Corporation in the Philippines, to develop, integrate, deploy, brand and market a series of Pinoy
251:
192:
1458:
817:
688:
This document established the safety and design objectives for VTOL aircraft. It includes a special section for eVTOL.
2844:
1062:
617:
140:
2227:
1186:
1925:
605:
542:
378:
Lift and cruise systems use one set of motors for vertical flight and another set for cruising, such as Beta Alia,
255:
589:
In 2020, JumpAero announced it was working on a small, one-seater eVTOL aircraft to allow the rapid deployment of
2849:
2710:
412:
Enclosing wing designs open to expose the lift-off fans, and close around them for faster higher-speed cruising.
452:
217:(UAM) from a science-fiction concept to a potential aerospace sector pursued by dozens of development projects.
1997:
1152:
1028:
536:
279:
Four American companies have military airworthiness contracts through the US military's Agility Prime program:
56:
1428:
1284:
1085:
1404:
106:. This ecosystem of firms developing eVTOLs includes also spin-off of legacy aircraft manufacturers, such as
645:
633:
152:
2839:
2565:
2560:
1998:"Hydrogen Fuel Cell and Battery Hybrid Architecture for Range Extension of Electric VTOL (eVTOL) Aircraft"
288:
119:
700:(FAA) published a study in 2009 on general aviation recommendations for the next 20 years. In particular
500:
delivery service since 2020. Their drones are able to fly up to 100 km and carry up to 1.5 kg.
2641:
2308:
2282:
1830:
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505:
311:
in February 2021. Archer was also the first to publicly reveal its Maker aircraft in-person that year.
83:
1858:
2808:
1730:
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1331:
375:
Tilt-wing configurations pivot the frocio wing along with its attached motors like Dufour Aerospace.
681:
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2623:
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1681:
758:
568:
469:
182:
40:
1883:
1755:
2618:
2585:
1429:"Vertical Aerospace to go public at $ 2.2 billion valuation with up to 1,000 aircraft pre-orders"
1321:
1129:
763:
363:
214:
60:
2093:"After Alphabet's 'Wing', Amazon's 'Prime Air' gets US approval to deliver items through drones"
800:
ACRP Research Report 236: Preparing Your Airport for Electric Aircraft and Hydrogen Technologies
680:(EASA) has been working on the certification of such aircraft. In July 2019, they published the
2040:"Volocopter kicks off pre-sales for its first air taxi flights — with a wait time of 2-3 years"
1805:
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2758:
2753:
2603:
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1489:
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931:
889:
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564:
284:
2117:"Vanuatu awards international drone companies with commercial contracts for vaccine delivery"
2018:
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1339:
923:
879:
871:
738:
648:(USAF) held a demonstration flight of an electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft at
501:
421:
350:
107:
48:
1179:"It's official: Joby Aviation acquires Uber Elevate, including $ 75 million in new funding"
1004:
396:
Typical multicopters do not use wings, relying exclusively on the turning blades for lift.
2608:
2385:"BAE Systems and Embraer to explore potential defence variants for the Eve eVTOL aircraft"
2278:
1908:"HyPoint and Piasecki reach $ 6.5M deal to develop hydrogen fuel cells systems for eVTOLs"
1209:
753:
432:
308:
304:
203:
148:
91:
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with a rear pusher prop for cruising. It uses a mostly aluminum frame, with carbon-fiber/
1335:
2778:
1515:[With almost 3,000 orders, Embraer's flying car undergoes regulation at Anac].
1354:
1309:
563:
Heavy-lift unmanned air vehicles included companies such as Sabrewing Aircraft Company
493:
436:
435:(causing range and thus safety issues). Fuel cells have previously suffered from lower
186:
44:
43:
vertically. This technology came about owing to major advances in electric propulsion (
2178:
1513:"Com quase 3 mil encomendas, carro voador da Embraer passa por regulamentação na Anac"
402:
designs use front and rear wings, optionally attached to each other at the wing tips.
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136:
99:
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2361:"U.S. Air Force Leaders Witness Manned eVTOL Demonstration by LIFT Aircraft's HEXA"
2338:
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175:
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19:
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460:
Many eVTOL concept models are designed for air taxi applications. For instance,
405:
399:
368:
131:
2512:
1472:
Crystal Tse, Mary Schlangenstein, and Siddharth Vikram Philip (June 10, 2021).
1314:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1235:"How electric air taxis could shake up the airline industry in the next decade"
915:
863:
2803:
2506:
1459:"Air taxi startup Archer shows off small electric aircraft but no flight test"
956:
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773:
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649:
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344:
336:
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144:
103:
52:
307:, who simultaneously announced a $ 1,000,000,000 order of 200+ aircraft from
1344:
920:
10th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations (ATIO) Conference
884:
868:
10th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations (ATIO) Conference
728:
656:. It was the first time that a manned eVTOL aircraft took flight under USAF
512:
461:
268:
115:
39:(vertical take-off and landing) aircraft that uses electric power to hover,
2254:"eVTOL racing? Airspeeder is bringing 'flying car' competitions to reality"
1405:"Heaviside becomes fourth eVTOL to receive military airworthiness approval"
1363:
2279:"LuftCar signs deal to develop detachable flying vans in the Philippines"
1944:"HyPoint advances eVTOL hydrogen fuel cell system with working prototype"
1632:"Unique Aussie box-wing eVTOL promises radical efficiency and huge range"
713:
625:
425:
160:
2460:"EASA Releases Next Piece of Regulatory Guidance for Electric Air Taxis"
1884:"Horizon presents a 50% scale prototype of its badass Cavorite X5 eVTOL"
1806:"Radically different Transwing eVTOL design offers some huge advantages"
927:
875:
2740:
2646:
2552:
1859:"Wisk announces autonomous eVTOL air taxi service trial in New Zealand"
1831:"Archer unveils full-scale, two-seat, autonomous Maker eVTOL prototype"
1657:"Craft Aero proposes a new type of blown diamond box-wing 9-seat eVTOL"
718:
629:
551:
547:
528:
524:
509:
111:
75:
1973:"HyPoint's "turbo fuel cells" promise huge range and power for eVTOLs"
818:"Boeing: Autonomous Flying Taxi: EVTOL Unmanned Solar Aircraft System"
2691:
2676:
1682:"Co-founder James Dorris explains Odys Aviation's unique VTOL design"
1607:"Zuri tilts to new propulsion system for its next-gen eVTOL air taxi"
520:
489:
379:
339:
typically use radial arms to host the motors/propellers, such as the
263:
229:
171:
167:
118:
that was launched as a joint venture between Boeing and Larry Page's
87:
71:
67:
2410:
2334:"US Air Force leaders watch first Agility Prime eVTOL demonstration"
476:, which proposed its air taxi service called VoloCity, based on the
1756:"Airbus' return to the eVTOL air taxi is a bit of a head-scratcher"
1326:
1096:
1086:"Fast-Forwarding to a Future of On-Demand Urban Air Transportation"
981:"AHS International Leads Transformative Vertical Flight Initiative"
2700:
2686:
733:
451:
130:
The concept of eVTOL aircraft emerged in 2009 when a video of the
95:
79:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2705:
2696:
2681:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2651:
2613:
2141:"Wingcopter drone delivering COVID-19 test kits to Isle of Mull"
1581:
1310:"The promise of energy-efficient battery-powered urban aircraft"
1308:
Sripad, Shashank; Viswanathan, Venkatasubramanian (2021-11-09).
1285:"Volocopter performs South Korea's first crewed air taxi flight"
465:
209:
36:
2516:
2203:
1557:
914:
Seegers, Bryan; Guthrie, Brian; Fontana, Richard (2010-09-13),
254:
published a study by Shashank Sripad and Venkat Viswanathan of
1444:"Archer lands $ 1B order from United Airlines and a SPAC deal"
1210:"Tetra Aviation debuts single-seat buy 'n' fly personal eVTOL"
1122:"Uber reportedly in talks to offload Elevate to Joby Aviation"
497:
2305:"LuftCar, Filipino Automaker Partner On Road-Drivable eVTOLs"
1260:"Urban eVTOL announces Leo, a 250-mph hypercar for the skies"
1705:
1474:"Vertical Wins American, Avolon Orders, Plans to Go Public"
2490:"10 unique eVTOL aircraft that do things very differently"
1534:"Jetson One personal eVTOL looks like a ton of fun to fly"
843:
NASA Puffin Low Noise, Electric VTOL Personal Air Vehicle
372:
backward-traveling air downward at take-off and landing.
1781:"eMagic Aircraft unveils tandem-wing air taxi prototype"
916:"Puffin Redundant Electric Propulsion Powertrain System"
778:
2435:"Part 23 - Small Airplane Certification Process Study"
291:, whose Heaviside aircraft was accepted in July 2021.
628:
Jeepney van eVTOL built around eFrancisco's vehicle
581:
to be approved by the FAA for nationwide operation.
59:) and the emerging need for new aerial vehicles for
2739:
2632:
2594:
2551:
2015:"Pipistrel Unveils eVTOL Concept | Flying Magazine"
247:conducted South Korea's first crewed eVTOL flight.
202:In addition to these major aircraft manufacturers,
2228:"Searching for Early Use Cases for eVTOL Aircraft"
1379:"Boeing aims to bring flying cars to Asia by 2030"
220:In December, 2020, Uber's Elevate was acquired by
195:, in development since 2017, first flight in 2019
157:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
90:, as well as several start-up companies including
2069:"Drone delivery lands in Queensland's south-east"
1731:"UPS plans to start deliveries via eVTOL in 2024"
508:are two others companies using drone delivery. A
2164:VoloDrone: our heavy lift solution, Volocopter:
2327:
2325:
2166:https://www.volocopter.com/solutions/volodrone/
864:"NASA Puffin Electric Tailsitter VTOL Concept"
2528:
262:On 19 April 2024, U.S. aircraft manufacturer
8:
1494:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1029:"Paris Air Show: the race for cleaner skies"
110:that emerged from the EmbraerX division of
2535:
2521:
2513:
1706:"Business - Webflow HTML website template"
299:Archer, Joby, Lilium, and Vertical joined
151:(US). It was officially introduced by the
1926:"Why Are Batteries a Problem for eVTOLs?"
1353:
1343:
1325:
1177:Brian Garrett-Glaser (December 8, 2020).
1120:Brian Garrett-Glaser (December 3, 2020).
883:
472:, a 5 seats air taxi. Another example is
1153:"Uber Elevate Acquired by Joby Aviation"
541:
198:Bell Nexus 6HX unveiled at the CESp 2019
18:
2440:. US Federal Aviation Agency. July 2009
1852:
1850:
790:
431:. Currently, batteries suffer from low
1487:
29:electric vertical take-off and landing
1507:
1505:
1442:Kirsten Kirosec (February 10, 2021).
1151:Kelsey Reichmann (December 8, 2020).
678:European Union Aviation Safety Agency
301:special-purpose acquisition companies
7:
2359:Garrett-Glaser, Brian (2020-08-25).
2303:Goldstein, Ben (February 15, 2024).
686:Special Condition for VTOL aircraft.
420:Most current designs are powered by
335:Many designs operate without wings.
178:have also worked on the technology:
303:(SPAC) to go public. The first was
287:, Lift Aircraft, and most recently
213:the concepts of eVTOL aircraft and
193:Boeing - Aurora Flight Sciences PAV
114:, as well as partnerships, such as
2789:Shipborne rolling vertical landing
2179:"Meet the new crop-dusting drones"
1005:"The eVTOL Industry in Transition"
14:
1055:"Opener Reveals Ultralight eVTOL"
1457:Andrew Hawkins (June 11, 2021).
1377:SHIGENO, ARATA (19 April 2024).
798:Le Bris, G; et al. (2022).
585:Emergency medical services (EMS)
535:eVTOL drone was used to deliver
2277:Blain, Laz (February 9, 2024).
2050:from the original on 2022-11-24
1521:(in Portuguese). 13 March 2024.
1053:O'Connor, Kate (12 July 2018).
698:Federal Aviation Administration
189:, first flight in January 2018
1:
2507:PteroDynamics X-P4 Transwing®
804:Transportation Research Board
2332:Reim, Garrett (2020-08-24).
2252:Doll, Scooter (2021-11-04).
2017:. 2018-05-13. Archived from
724:Boeing Passenger Air Vehicle
622:flying LuftCar super-jeepney
612:Flying LuftCar super-jeepney
448:On-demand passenger services
424:, although some designs use
252:National Academy of Sciences
141:AugustaWestland Project Zero
1283:Lavars, Nick (2021-11-12).
618:Memorandum of understanding
496:has been offering an eVTOL
468:partner, is working on the
35:) aircraft is a variety of
2866:
862:Moore, Mark (2010-09-13),
616:In 2024, LuftCar signed a
539:test kits to Isle of Mull.
256:Carnegie Mellon University
185:introduced in 2017 at the
2819:Floating landing platform
2711:Launch and recovery cycle
2488:Blain, Loz (2021-12-08).
2168:. Accessed March 8, 2023.
1882:Blain, Loz (2022-07-25).
1857:Blain, Loz (2020-02-05).
1829:Blain, Loz (2021-06-11).
1804:Blain, Loz (2021-07-30).
1779:Blain, Loz (2021-11-17).
1754:Blain, Loz (2021-09-22).
1729:Blain, Loz (2021-04-08).
1680:Blain, Loz (2022-02-15).
1655:Blain, Loz (2021-09-21).
1630:Blain, Loz (2021-10-26).
1605:Blain, Loz (2022-01-28).
1558:"Archer's Maker Aircraft"
1532:Blain, Loz (2021-10-21).
1403:Blain, Loz (2021-07-13).
1258:Blain, Loz (2021-08-05).
1208:Blain, Loz (2021-08-04).
806:(Report). Washington, DC.
1345:10.1073/pnas.2111164118
646:United States Air Force
546:Wingcopter 178 HL on a
153:Vertical Flight Society
2814:Water landing/ditching
2566:Non-rocket spacelaunch
2561:Balanced field takeoff
1582:"Joby Aviation | Joby"
555:
519:in collaboration with
484:Parcels and deliveries
457:
250:In November 2021, the
57:electronic controllers
24:
2642:Brodie landing system
2309:Aviation Week Network
2046:. 16 September 2020.
640:Military applications
572:range of 40 km.
545:
455:
22:
2809:Touch-and-go landing
2509:- PteroDynamics Inc.
1586:www.jobyaviation.com
702:Part 23-Amendment 64
600:Recreational flights
2794:Short-field landing
2634:Takeoff and landing
2545:takeoff and landing
1336:2021PNAS..11811164S
1320:(45): e2111164118.
1189:on January 23, 2022
928:10.2514/6.2010-9383
876:10.2514/6.2010-9345
759:Pipistrel 801 eVTOL
569:Elroy Air Chaparral
550:delivery flight in
523:has also delivered
382:, Eve, and eMagic.
2845:Urban air mobility
2586:Zero-length launch
2391:. 12 December 2021
2097:The Economic Times
1065:on 27 January 2023
764:Vertical Aerospace
591:emergency services
556:
458:
364:Vertical Aerospace
215:urban air mobility
147:(Germany) and the
61:urban air mobility
41:take off, and land
25:
2827:
2826:
2769:Emergency landing
2764:Deadstick landing
2759:Crosswind landing
2754:Corkscrew landing
2596:Assisted take-off
1914:. 24 August 2021.
937:978-1-62410-159-5
895:978-1-62410-159-5
565:Sabrewing Rhaegal
531:in 2018. In 2020
331:Flight mechanisms
285:Beta Technologies
2857:
2850:Aircraft by type
2571:Rejected takeoff
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2073:www.9news.com.au
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2011:
2005:
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2002:
1994:
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1959:
1950:. Archived from
1940:
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1233:Cohen, Mikaela.
1230:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1185:. Archived from
1174:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1132:on July 16, 2021
1128:. Archived from
1117:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1107:
1101:
1095:. Archived from
1090:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1061:. Archived from
1050:
1044:
1043:
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1019:
1018:
1016:
1015:
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995:
994:
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957:"eVTOL Timeline"
953:
947:
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944:
911:
905:
904:
903:
902:
887:
885:2060/20110011311
859:
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852:
851:
850:
838:
832:
831:
829:
828:
814:
808:
807:
795:
739:Eve Air Mobility
704:includes eVTOL.
676:Since 2018, the
502:Amazon Prime Air
183:Airbus A³ Vahana
108:Eve Air Mobility
16:Type of aircraft
2865:
2864:
2860:
2859:
2858:
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2609:Ground carriage
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1710:www.dufour.aero
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754:Opener BlackFly
710:
694:
674:
669:
642:
614:
602:
587:
578:
561:
515:company called
492:-owned company
486:
450:
445:
433:specific energy
418:
394:
351:Vectored thrust
333:
328:
317:
309:United Airlines
305:Archer Aviation
297:
277:
149:Opener BlackFly
128:
102:, Overair, and
92:Archer Aviation
17:
12:
11:
5:
2863:
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2825:
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2796:
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2779:Forced landing
2776:
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2504:
2483:
2482:External links
2480:
2477:
2476:
2464:Aviation Today
2451:
2426:
2411:"EASA SC-VTOL"
2402:
2376:
2365:Aviation Today
2351:
2321:
2295:
2269:
2244:
2232:Aviation Today
2219:
2195:
2183:Aviation Today
2170:
2157:
2145:Wings Magazine
2132:
2121:www.unicef.org
2108:
2084:
2060:
2031:
2006:
1989:
1964:
1935:
1932:. 14 May 2021.
1930:Aviation Today
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1157:Aviation Today
1143:
1112:
1084:Goel, Nikhil.
1076:
1045:
1020:
996:
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906:
894:
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822:www.boeing.com
809:
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267:at subsidiary
200:
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187:Paris Air Show
145:Volocopter VC1
127:
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13:
10:
9:
6:
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3:
2:
2862:
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2088:
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2064:
2061:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2035:
2032:
2021:on 2018-05-13
2020:
2016:
2010:
2007:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1965:
1954:on 2022-01-23
1953:
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1446:. TechCrunch.
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1102:on 2021-07-03
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769:Joby Aviation
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692:United States
691:
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658:Agility Prime
655:
654:Austin, Texas
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478:Volocopter 2X
475:
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275:Agility Prime
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222:Joby Aviation
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143:(Italy), the
142:
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137:Aeromechanics
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2799:Soft landing
2784:Hard landing
2656:
2581:Space launch
2497:. Retrieved
2493:
2468:. Retrieved
2466:. 2020-05-26
2463:
2454:
2442:. Retrieved
2429:
2418:. Retrieved
2414:
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2393:. Retrieved
2388:
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2368:. Retrieved
2364:
2354:
2343:. Retrieved
2339:FlightGlobal
2337:
2314:February 13,
2312:. Retrieved
2298:
2288:February 15,
2286:. Retrieved
2272:
2261:. Retrieved
2257:
2247:
2236:. Retrieved
2234:. 2020-08-01
2231:
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2211:. Retrieved
2207:
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2185:. 2023-04-25
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2149:. Retrieved
2147:. 2020-05-27
2144:
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2124:. Retrieved
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1097:the original
1093:Uber Elevate
1092:
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1067:. Retrieved
1063:the original
1058:
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1037:. Retrieved
1035:. 2019-06-21
1032:
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341:Volcopter 2X
337:Multicopters
334:
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2619:Rocket sled
2389:embraer.com
2204:"Jump Aero"
1476:. Bloomberg
1383:Nikkei Asia
749:NASA Puffin
660:programme.
576:Agriculture
400:Tandem wing
392:Wing design
132:NASA Puffin
2834:Categories
2804:Splashdown
2499:2021-12-12
2470:2020-09-23
2420:2020-09-23
2415:evtol.news
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2208:evtol.news
2189:2023-04-23
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2025:2020-09-23
1983:2021-12-28
1958:2021-12-28
1912:TechCrunch
1893:2022-07-27
1868:2021-09-21
1840:2021-09-21
1815:2021-07-30
1790:2021-11-25
1765:2021-09-22
1740:2021-09-21
1715:2021-07-30
1691:2022-02-16
1666:2021-09-21
1641:2021-10-31
1616:2022-01-28
1591:2021-07-30
1567:2021-07-30
1543:2021-10-23
1414:2021-08-13
1327:2106.09513
1294:2021-11-13
1269:2021-08-08
1244:2022-12-03
1219:2021-08-08
1106:2021-05-21
1039:2020-09-23
1014:2020-09-23
1009:evtol.news
990:2020-09-23
985:evtol.news
966:2020-09-23
961:evtol.news
943:2021-11-04
901:2021-11-04
849:2021-11-04
827:2020-08-27
785:References
774:Volocopter
744:Lilium Jet
682:SC-VTOL-01
650:Camp Mabry
606:Airspeeder
533:wingcopter
517:Wingcopter
474:Volocopter
429:fuel cells
356:Lilium Jet
345:Jetson One
326:Technology
289:Kitty Hawk
245:Volocopter
120:Kitty Hawk
104:Volocopter
53:fuel cells
2543:Types of
2494:New Atlas
2283:The Atlas
1977:New Atlas
1948:evtol.com
1888:New Atlas
1863:New Atlas
1835:New Atlas
1810:New Atlas
1785:New Atlas
1760:New Atlas
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1686:New Atlas
1661:New Atlas
1636:New Atlas
1611:New Atlas
1538:New Atlas
1409:New Atlas
1289:New Atlas
1264:New Atlas
1214:New Atlas
1183:eVTOL.com
1126:eVTOL.com
729:TCab Tech
559:Air cargo
513:aerospace
462:Pipistrel
443:Use cases
422:batteries
269:Wisk Aero
243:In 2021,
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2624:Ski-jump
2604:Catapult
2258:Electrek
2048:Archived
1490:cite web
1388:22 April
1364:34728567
1193:July 13,
1136:July 13,
714:Air taxi
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2701:VTOHL
2687:STOVL
2657:eVTOL
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2001:(PDF)
1322:arXiv
1100:(PDF)
1089:(PDF)
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23:EVTOL
2731:HTVL
2726:HTHL
2721:VTHL
2716:VTVL
2706:VTOL
2697:VTHL
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2672:RTOL
2667:QTOL
2662:PTOL
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