200:
182:
142:
1756:
816:
36:
276:
667:
1049:
sailed from San
Francisco Bay on 8 March 1860, headed for the western Pacific, and reached Shanghai, China, on 12 May. She then served in the East India Squadron, for the most part cruising along the Chinese coast to protect American citizens and to suppress pirates. She visited Japan in November but
1024:
sailed via the Cape of Good Hope to Ceylon, where on 22 December she joined Flag
Officer Josiah Tattnall's East India Squadron off Point de Gala. For 2 years she cruised Far Eastern waters and visited the principal ports of China and Japan, where she found "uniform friendly reception" as the squadron
908:
in retaliation. On June 18, 1867, 181 officers, sailors and marines from two screw sloops-of-war landed with the intention of destroying the hostile threat. After six hours of marching through the hot tropical
Formosan mountains and after several skirmishes, the Americans turned back to their ships.
395:
Except for whaling and pepper, U.S. trade with the Far East was limited, but for those who risked long voyage to trade fur, sandalwood, and cotton goods for
Chinese silks and tea, the results were very profitable. Indeed, stories about the riches of Far East created the national myth about the vast
517:
up Japan to trade with the United States, but was ultimately unsuccessful. Biddle delivered his request that Japan agree to a similar treaty to that which he had just negotiated with China. Biddle eventually received the shogunate's response and was told that Japan forbade all commerce and
1013:
sailed 13 November for Rio de
Janeiro, the Cape of Good Hope, and Hong Kong, where she arrived to join the East India Squadron 12 May 1856. On 1 July she embarked the U.S. Commissioner to China for transportation to Shanghai, arriving 1 August.
570:) on July 8, 1853. His actions at this crucial juncture were informed by a careful study of Japan's previous contacts with Western ships and what could be known about the Japanese hierarchical culture. He was met by representatives of the
1400:
472:
offered Kearny a treaty giving
Americans equal treatment. Kearny did not have authority to sign such a treaty, but tactfully informed Ke agreement would be forthcoming as soon as authorized negotiators arrived. In 1844,
1313:
Also of some relevance for future Thai foreign policy are the various comments by
Roberts and Ruschenberger as to how the Siamese seemed genuinely to like Americans and to prefer them over other Caucasian
1401:
https://web.archive.org/web/20110510005840/http://www.history.navy.mil/special%20highlights/pirates/Suppression%20of%20Piracy%20on%20Johanna%20Island%2C%20August%201851%2C%20Amerman%2C%20USMC%20HD.pdf
719:. Seven merchant ships were also rescued. An estimated 500 pirates were killed or wounded and over 1,000 taken prisoner compared to an allied loss of nine dead and about a dozen wounded.
1404:
585:
Perry returned in
February 1854 with twice as many ships, finding that the delegates had prepared a treaty embodying virtually all the demands in Fillmore's letter. Perry signed the
952:
negotiations for commercial relations with the
Japanese and the opening of two ports. She was Perry's flagship during his November visit to Whampoa. On 14 February 1854 she entered
948:, was assigned to the East India Squadron and arrived on station via Cape of Good Hope 15 June 1853. Her arrival in Chinese waters coincided with an important phase of Commodore
612:
863:. After an engagement lasting just under an hour, the Vietnamese fort was destroyed and a large explosion was observed by the Americans. It became the only battle of the
1776:
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in command, was one of the six
American ships arrayed off Uraga, Japan, 13 February 1854 during Perry's second visit to negotiate the opening of Japan to foreign trade.
356:
789:
1441:
464:. Kearny observed the treaty's provisions opening five Chinese ports to British trade, and sought equal trading opportunity for Americans merchants. The
348:
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to protect American citizens in China. Kearny arrived in China in March 1842, a few months before the end of the conflict. Kearny first learned of the
737:
from 1856 to 1860. Four of the squadron's ships were involved in at least two battles. At the beginning of the war, the United States Navy frigate,
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1545:
1028:
After a four-day stop at Singapore, where Commodore Armstrong relieved Commodore Joel Abbot in command of the East India Squadron, the frigate
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area captured four merchant ships owned by British subjects. In response, on 4 August 1855, armed boats from the East India Squadron frigate
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on 20β21 November 1856. Foote led a landing party that seized the barrier forts at Canton, China, in reprisal for attacks on American ships.
1698:
1616:
420:, and Roberts' account gives a vivid description of the state of affairs there. Kennedy subsequently established the East India Squadron.
53:
800:. No further engagements between Chinese and American forces during the war are known to have happened though American citizens living in
1667:
396:
potential of the China market. In an effort to turn the myth into reality, the US sent envoy Roberts to Cochin-China in 1835 aboard the
294:
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Embassy to the Eastern courts of Cochin-China, Siam, and Muscat : in the U. S. sloop-of-war Peacock ... during the years 1832-3-4
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281:
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communication with foreign nations besides that of the Dutch; also, he was informed that all foreign affairs were conducted through
119:
100:
1458:
1301:
Two Yankee Diplomats In 1830s Siam by Edmund Roberts and W. S. W. Ruschenberger. Edited with an introduction by Michael Smithies
72:
774:
578:, where there was limited trade with the Netherlands and which was the only Japanese port open to foreigners at that time (see
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artillery battery had fired upon her while she was searching for the missing boat and crew of an American merchant bark named
233:, was a squadron of American ships that existed in the nineteenth century. It focused on protecting American interests in the
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for Japan, in command of a squadron in search of a Japanese trade treaty. Aboard a black-hulled steam frigate, he ported
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guarded American interests in the Orient. Sailing via the Cape of Good Hope, she returned to Norfolk in April 1860
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involving the United States which deployed the East India Squadron to protect American interests in the region.
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got underway on 15 September and proceeded to the western Pacific for service in the East India Squadron.
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got underway 6 May 1848 to join the East India Squadron, protecting American citizens in Asiatic waters.
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The expedition failed after the death of an American commander and the loss of several men due to the
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The Naval Institute historical atlas of the U.S. Navy By Craig L. Symonds, William J. Clipson, PG 64.
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and then set sail for Shanghai. A year later the squadron was merged into the new Asiatic Squadron.
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in China. The East India Squadron was established in 1835 and existed until it became part of the
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Gold braid and foreign relations : diplomatic activities of U.S. naval officers, 1798β1883
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locals. Commodore Kearny was given command of a squadron consisting of the 42-year-old frigate
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and was fought in 1856. The second involvement of an East India Squadron ship was during the
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returned in 1835β37 with Dr. W. S. W. Ruschenberger bearing ratifications of those treaties.
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soon returned to Chinese waters. On 30 June 1861, she silenced a battery at the entrance to
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Gold Braid and Foreign Relations: Diplomatic Activities of U.S. Naval Officers, 1798-1883
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was also dispatched, and, on the recommendation of Woodbury, carried Roberts as envoy to
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representatives. The agreement was made with the Shogun, the de facto ruler of Japan.
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on March 31, 1854, and departed, mistakenly believing the agreement had been made with
321:
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After completing her trials, which she began in January 1851, the side-wheel steamer
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Expedition, and, without having to detour, executed the Second Sumatran Expedition.
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towed the boats into position which then proceeded to destroy twenty of thirty-six
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and two crewmen, and plundered the cargo. In response to public outcry, President
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sailed on 8 June for the Far East to become flagship of the East India Squadron.
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had sent him a letter detailing the neglected state of Far Eastern commerce and
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Several American citizens living in China suffered personal attacks during the
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Hanks, Robert J., CAPT USN "Commodore Lawrence Kearny, the Diplomatic Seaman"
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Successive Commanders-in-Chief of the East India Squadron were as follows.
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on the first of what were to be two punitive expeditions to Sumatra. The
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Assigned to the East India Squadron under Commodore Matthew Perry, the
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666:
642:, to free Moores and to demand compensation for the incident. When the
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was a naval operation that occurred in August 1851 during the American
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served as fleet surgeon with the East India Squadron from 1856 to 1858
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was signed on 2 July and ratified the next year in December 1845.
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The Logbook of the Captain's Clerk: Adventures in the China Seas,
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was decommissioned at Hong Kong. On 3 July 1862, she returned to
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766:
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29:
27:
American 19th century military unit of the United States Navy
1442:
Kemp Tolley, Yangtze Patrol: The U.S. Navy in China, pg 317
1211:, attached to the East India Squadron, from 1857 to 1859.
619:. It began in response the seizure of the merchant ship
1035:
reached the bar off the mouth of the Me Nam (later the
1744:
1267:(Digitized ed.). Harper & brothers. p.
733:
The United States would see action again during the
495:
On July 20, 1846, he anchored with the two warships
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1625:
1564:
522:and that his ships should leave Uraga immediately.
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193:
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134:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1462:
316:, to report that Sumatran pirates had killed the
1280:I addressed a letter to the Hon. Levi Woodbury.
1190:Also serving in the squadron at one time were:
631:. The United States Navy sent the sloop-of-war
1539:
1469:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. pp.
897:; the East India Squadron under Rear Admiral
8:
1497:Joyce S. Goldberg (February 1990). "Review:
646:refused, the Americans briefly bombarded a
1546:
1532:
1524:
241:concentrated on the western coasts of the
1336:United States Naval Institute Proceedings
1261:Roberts, Edmund (1837) . "Introduction".
1256:
1254:
960:was signed on her deck on 31 March 1854.
885:of March 1867 in which the American bark
762:, launched an attack against a series of
513:at the mouth to Edo Bay in an attempt to
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1777:Ship squadrons of the United States Navy
1297:(Journal of the Siam Society, Volume 91)
1751:
1250:
1424:
1413:
956:with the rest of the squadron and the
305:. Near the end of that year, American
131:
1139:, 20 November 1852 β 6 September 1854
847:, silenced a fort at the entrance to
773:. The engagement became known as the
682:In July 1855, Chinese pirates in the
7:
1175:, 23 September 1862 β 11 August 1865
1157:, 29 January 1858 β 20 November 1859
1145:, 6 September 1854 β 15 October 1855
1097:, 4 February 1841 β 27 February 1843
58:adding citations to reliable sources
1151:, 15 October 1855 β 29 January 1858
1127:, 1 February 1850 β 30 January 1851
627:, a man named Moores, in the small
416:. They called first at the port of
280:A sketch of USS Peacock during the
1658:South Atlantic Blockading Squadron
1648:North Atlantic Blockading Squadron
1360:Sewall, pp. xxxivβxxxv, xlix, lvi.
1181:, 11 August 1865 β 11 January 1868
1169:, 23 July 1861 β 23 September 1862
1103:, 27 February 1843 β 21 April 1845
997:Recommissioned on 12 August 1850,
369:United States Exploring Expedition
25:
1163:, 20 November 1859 β 23 July 1861
1091:, 14 December 1837 β 13 June 1840
889:was wrecked and massacred by the
1754:
1133:, 31 May 1851 β 20 November 1852
1085:, 3 March 1835 β 10 October 1837
1017:Departing Norfolk 4 August, the
198:
180:
140:
34:
1121:, 13 May 1848 β 1 February 1850
781:in 1859. The American warship,
775:Battle of the Pearl River Forts
45:needs additional citations for
1503:The American Historical Review
1109:, 21 April 1845 β 6 March 1848
704:confronted the pirates at the
371:in 1838. East India Squadron
1:
1663:West Gulf Blockading Squadron
1638:East Gulf Blockading Squadron
312:returned to her home port of
1633:Atlantic Blockading Squadron
1380:"The Bombardment of Johanna"
1115:, 6 March 1848 β 13 May 1848
1457:Long, David Foster (1988).
1042:The new side-wheel steamer
779:Second Battle of Taku Forts
574:who told him to proceed to
357:Roberts succeeded with Siam
1793:
1643:Mississippi River Squadron
874:
829:
726:
675:
600:
488:
427:
271:Second Sumatran Expedition
264:
249:. Its duties included the
1292:Stephen B. Young (2003).
796:attack by bombarding the
654:protecting the harbor of
267:First Sumatran Expedition
139:
1729:Special Service Squadron
1347:Sewall, John S. (1905).
477:reached China where the
293:of New Hampshire became
188:United States of America
1719:South Atlantic Squadron
1704:North Atlantic Squadron
1582:Chesapeake Bay Flotilla
832:Bombardment of Qui Nhon
826:Bombardment of Qui Nhon
289:Shortly before Senator
1724:South Pacific Squadron
1709:North Pacific Squadron
1597:Mediterranean Squadron
1338:November 1970 pp.70β72
913:climate. They boarded
822:
673:
662:Anti-piracy operations
587:Convention of Kanagawa
286:
1734:Squadron of Evolution
1101:Foxhall A. Parker Sr.
1062:. On 3 January 1862,
818:
669:
409:under the command of
295:secretary of the Navy
278:
265:Further information:
69:"East India Squadron"
1617:West Indies Squadron
1607:New Orleans Squadron
1398:www.history.navy.mil
1369:Sewall, pp. 243β264.
1207:served in the sloop
865:Cochinchina Campaign
629:Sultanate of Johanna
613:anti-slavery patrols
383:had also joined the
353:most favored nations
251:Yangtze River Patrol
231:East Indies Squadron
54:improve this article
18:East Indian Squadron
1689:Bering Sea Squadron
1668:West India Squadron
1587:East India Squadron
1501:by David F. Long".
1195:Thomas O. Selfridge
1161:Cornelius Stribling
1155:Josiah Tattnall III
946:William J. McCluney
877:Formosan Expedition
871:Formosan Expedition
855:. This was after a
706:Battle of Ty-ho Bay
678:Battle of Ty-ho Bay
525:In 1852, Commodore
460:when he arrived in
247:South Pacific Ocean
227:East India Squadron
135:East India Squadron
1761:American Civil War
1555:United States Navy
1386:. 4 February 1852.
1384:The New York Times
1186:Served in squadron
1167:Frederick K. Engle
958:Treaty of Kanagawa
950:Matthew C. Perry's
836:On June 30, 1861,
823:
674:
609:Johanna Expedition
603:Johanna Expedition
597:Johanna Expedition
572:Tokugawa Shogunate
400:, escorted by the
287:
205:United States Navy
1742:
1741:
1694:European Squadron
1480:978-0-87021-228-4
1423:Missing or empty
1231:Andrew Hull Foote
1221:Montgomery Sicard
1083:Edmund P. Kennedy
531:Norfolk, Virginia
479:Treaty of Wanghia
458:Treaty of Nanking
414:Edmund P. Kennedy
282:Wilkes Expedition
220:
219:
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
1784:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1750:
1684:Asiatic Squadron
1653:Potomac Flotilla
1612:Pacific Squadron
1548:
1541:
1534:
1525:
1518:
1495:Lay summary in:
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1468:
1444:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1426:
1421:
1419:
1411:
1409:
1403:. Archived from
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1258:
1137:Matthew C. Perry
1113:William Shubrick
845:James F. Schenck
735:Second Opium War
729:Second Opium War
723:Second Opium War
638:, under Captain
527:Matthew C. Perry
491:Opening of Japan
485:Opening of Japan
385:circumnavigating
255:Asiatic Squadron
239:Pacific Squadron
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1714:Pacific Station
1699:Flying Squadron
1672:
1621:
1577:Brazil Squadron
1572:Africa Squadron
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1451:Further reading
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1215:William M. Wood
1205:Edward A. Terry
1188:
1149:James Armstrong
1125:Philip Voorhees
1119:David Geisinger
1095:Lawrence Kearny
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640:William Pearson
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436:First Opium War
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430:First Opium War
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424:First Opium War
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324:dispatched the
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1509:(1): 253β254.
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1459:"Chapter Nine"
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1410:on 2011-05-10.
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1089:George C. Read
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883:Rover Incident
881:Following the
875:Main article:
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830:Main article:
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820:USS Portsmouth
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676:Main article:
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601:Main article:
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529:embarked from
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322:Andrew Jackson
299:Edmund Roberts
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71: β
70:
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65:Find sources:
59:
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49:
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43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
1586:
1565:19th century
1506:
1502:
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1437:
1425:|title=
1405:the original
1397:
1392:
1383:
1374:
1365:
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1330:
1321:
1312:
1305:. Retrieved
1300:
1287:
1279:
1272:. Retrieved
1263:
1236:
1208:
1189:
1173:Cicero Price
1107:James Biddle
1077:
1063:
1059:
1056:Cochin China
1052:Qui Nhon Bay
1045:
1041:
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1027:
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893:of southern
886:
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849:Qui Nhon Bay
839:
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819:
808:at the 1856
784:
758:
751:
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711:
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689:
681:
671:USS Powhatan
670:
634:
620:
617:Indian Ocean
606:
584:
560:Uraga Harbor
554:
547:
541:
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498:
494:
452:
445:
433:
405:
397:
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379:
373:
364:
360:
359:and Muscat.
341:Cochin-China
335:
332:sloop-of-war
326:
309:
288:
279:
237:, while the
230:
226:
224:
151:
147:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1226:James Glynn
1068:Mare Island
1037:Chao Phraya
1032:San Jacinto
981:Susquehanna
970:with Capt.
901:launched a
853:Cochinchina
812:at Canton.
771:Pearl River
741:San Jacinto
555:Susquehanna
536:Mississippi
1245:References
1237:Portsmouth
1233:commanded
1209:Germantown
1143:Joel Abbot
1074:Commanders
1021:Germantown
972:Joel Abbot
967:Macedonian
906:expedition
857:Vietnamese
804:fought as
798:Taku Forts
752:Portsmouth
695:Royal Navy
652:blockhouse
440:xenophobic
406:Enterprise
380:John Adams
310:Friendship
80:newspapers
1626:Civil War
1558:squadrons
1274:March 29,
1200:John Pope
1039:) River.
943:Commander
684:Hong Kong
656:Matsamudu
506:Vincennes
462:Hong Kong
411:Commodore
391:Formation
297:in 1831,
257:in 1868.
171:1835β1868
156:Tokyo Bay
148:Vincennes
110:June 2009
1771:Category
1489:87034879
1416:cite web
1351:p. xxxi.
1314:nations.
1307:March 2,
1001:Saratoga
954:Yedo Bay
941:, under
938:Powhatan
924:Hartford
903:punitive
843:, under
785:Powhatan
744:and two
693:and the
690:Powhatan
623:and her
591:imperial
576:Nagasaki
566:(modern
548:Saratoga
542:Plymouth
520:Nagasaki
499:Columbus
402:schooner
374:Columbia
284:in 1838.
245:and the
243:Americas
235:Far East
152:Columbus
150:and USS
1515:2163133
1064:Saginaw
1046:Saginaw
991:Dolphin
917:Wyoming
895:Formosa
840:Saginaw
806:militia
764:Chinese
701:Rattler
625:captain
615:in the
466:Viceroy
398:Peacock
365:Peacock
361:Peacock
336:Peacock
327:Potomac
303:whaling
261:History
176:Country
94:scholar
1747:Portal
1513:
1487:
1477:
1060:Myrtle
1010:Levant
861:Myrtle
810:battle
802:Canton
794:French
769:along
759:Levant
712:Eaglet
644:sultan
580:Sakoku
551:, and
470:Canton
453:Boston
418:Canton
349:Muscat
194:Branch
185:
168:Active
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1511:JSTOR
1471:207ff
1408:(PDF)
931:Ships
911:humid
887:Rover
790:Anglo
767:forts
717:junks
621:Maria
568:Tokyo
562:near
438:from
314:Salem
229:, or
160:Japan
101:JSTOR
87:books
1485:LCCN
1475:ISBN
1429:help
1309:2012
1276:2012
1235:USS
1044:USS
1030:USS
1019:USS
1008:USS
999:USS
989:USS
987:The
979:USS
965:USS
936:USS
922:USS
920:and
915:USS
838:USS
783:USS
757:USS
755:and
750:USS
739:USS
710:HMS
699:HMS
688:USS
650:and
648:fort
635:Dale
633:USS
607:The
553:USS
515:open
504:USS
502:and
497:USS
451:USS
444:USS
377:and
347:and
345:Siam
269:and
225:The
211:Type
146:USS
73:news
582:).
564:Edo
558:at
509:in
468:of
154:in
56:by
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