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Nasalization is a typological feature that does not exist in the native languages of East Timor, and in many languages of the world as well. Thus, the
Portuguese spoken in Timor broadly presents the phenomenon of denasalization, just as it does not present pre-nasalization (a phenomenon present in
480:
use, because
European is the chosen pronunciation, the native pronunciation is closer to European than Mozambican even though it is midway between European and Mozambican dialects, so it is common for foreigners to hear being used in Timor-Leste. The Portuguese standard phonology is slightly
387:
The reintroduction of
Portuguese as an official language aroused criticism amongst Indonesian-educated youth, but according to the 2004 census, 36.7% of respondents aged six years and older (or 272,638 out of a total of 741,530) said they had âa capability in Portuguese.â
414:". Timor-Leste asked for help from Brazil, Portugal, and the Latin Union to spread the teaching of the language, although its prominence in official and public spheres has been met with some hostility from younger Indonesian-educated East Timorese.
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Portuguese appears to be increasing in use by East
Timorese. One study, identified as being only used at home by 11% of Timorese in 2002, but that had grown to a third of respondents using it as a language spoken at home, by 2019.
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Some people in Timor-Leste have complained that teachers from
Portugal and Brazil are poorly equipped to teach in the country, as they do not know local languages, or understand the local culture. Nevertheless, the late
360:, the use of Portuguese in education, administration and the media was banned by the Indonesian authorities, which saw the language as a threat. This was despite the fact that the 'People's Assembly', which petitioned
310:) from the 16th century. It had its first contact during the Portuguese discoveries of the East, but it was largely exposed to Portuguese Timor in the 18th century after its division from the rest of the island by the
484:
At the level of phonology, there are phenomena of metathesis, denasalization, resyllabification and variation in the realization of palatal consonants, such as /Ê/ > pronounced as or :
423:
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which is an autonomous region of China). There is a growing demand for
Portuguese-language courses in the country, both at early-learning and tertiary levels of education.
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After independence, Portuguese was restored by the new government of Timor-Leste as one of the official languages with Tetum, with
Indonesian and English as "
333:
in
Portugal in 1974, political parties emerged in Portuguese Timor for the first time, all of which supported the continued use of Portuguese, including
462:
lies in the
Timorese speaker's intonation, where a subtle Tetum-based tone carrying the Portuguese on top is found. The translation for "please" is
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430:(the country's first president) as a fellow Portuguese-speaker, but was respected by many East Timorese because of his efforts to learn Tetum.
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In addition, the timorese usually palatalize the phoneme /Ê/ to or , for example: Ê > z jĂĄ ~ ; vigĂ©simo (twentieth) ~ ~ ~ .
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In Timor-Leste there are "numerous requests" to attend
Portuguese language courses (article in Portuguese).
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affected by Tetum and other native languages, even though it is not a mother language of the population.
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for integration with Indonesia, conducted its proceedings in Portuguese, under a banner reading
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Learning in multilingual East Timor, clockwise from left Portuguese, Bunak, Tetum and Fataluku
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as well. The perceivable difference between Timorese Portuguese and the Portuguese spoken in
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On 7 December 1975, nine days after declaring independence from Portugal, Timor-Leste was
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Colonization, Decolonization and Integration: Language Policies in East Timor, Indonesia
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of Timor-Leste during Portuguese rule, although the most commonly used form, known as
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Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (21 August 2003).
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Bibliography on the language situation and teaching Portuguese in East Timor
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Timorese Portuguese is a legacy of Portuguese rule of Timor-Leste (called
472:. Local government and schools are strict to teach European dialect, as
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The Portuguese dialect of the East Timorese people is similar to other
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educação (education) ~ ação (action) ~ confissao (confession) ~
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781:"Timorese students consider Portuguese "very important" in identity"
290:, with some localisations in pronunciation. East Timor is the only
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Ex. vinho (wine) ~ ; rascunho (draft) ~ ; bonitinho (cute) ~ ;
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352:, which declared the territory as its 27th province in 1976, with
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75:
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278:. It is one of the official languages of Timor-Leste alongside
700:"Timor Leste, Tetum, Portuguese, Bahasa Indonesia or English?"
588:"Timor Leste, Tetum, Portuguese, Bahasa Indonesia or English?"
443:
620:
Jill Jolliffe, University of Queensland Press, 1978, page 326
373:(Integration of East Timor into the Republic of Indonesia).
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in Asia with Portuguese as an official language (excluding
738:"Two New Zealanders pay tribute to Sergio Vieira de Mello"
424:
United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor
282:. As with other Lusophone countries besides Brazil, the
329:, was heavily influenced by Portuguese. Following the
756:"Why East Timor would not be free without Mozambique"
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487:Ex. chegar (arrive) ~ ; chĂĄ (tea) ; bicho (bug) ;
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Integração de Timor Timur na RepĂșblica da IndonĂ©sia
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677:A New Countryâs Tough Non-Elective: Portuguese 101
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403:, national police of East Timor building, Dili
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376:The last school to teach in Portuguese, the
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356:as the sole official language. During the
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501:, as in "cama" ); some examples follow:
497:many varieties of Portuguese, including
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16:Portuguese variety spoken in Timor-Leste
618:East Timor: Nationalism and Colonialism
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1332:Geographic distribution of Portuguese
717:La'o Hamutuk Bulletin (August 2003).
664:New World Hegemony in the Malay World
286:curriculum in East Timor is based on
274:of the Portuguese language spoken in
7:
740:. New Zealand Herald. Archived from
1199:Portuguese language Outside Brazil:
490:/ÉČ/ > pronounced like , , , or
608:. 6 May 2024. Retrieved 8 May 2024
14:
317:However, Tetum remained the main
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779:pilar, patricia (2019-05-10).
524:Timor-Leste uses the standard
454:ones, and to some extent, the
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719:"Brazilian Aid to East Timor"
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186:Centro de LĂngua Portuguesa
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31:portuguĂȘs de Timor Leste,
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22:East Timorese Portuguese
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420:SĂ©rgio Vieira de Mello
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1352:Portuguese vocabulary
1100:Florianopolitan/ManĂȘs
641:The Making of Tim-Tim
558:Mozambican Portuguese
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358:Indonesian occupation
263:PortuguĂȘs nusantarano
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33:portuguĂȘs nusantarano
29:portuguĂȘs timorense,
1347:Portuguese phonology
1115:North Coast/Cearense
1095:Central Northeastern
499:Brazilian Portuguese
331:Carnation Revolution
1383:Portuguese dialects
1342:Portuguese diaspora
1013:Portuguese language
804:O PortuguĂȘs na Asia
744:on 2 February 2008.
526:European Portuguese
470:European Portuguese
288:European Portuguese
284:Portuguese language
249:PortuguĂȘs timorense
115:GalicianâPortuguese
45:489,113 (2015)
1337:Brazilian diaspora
1137:Curitibano/Sulista
868:National languages
847:Official languages
682:The New York Times
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1316:Judaeo-Portuguese
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698:(20 April 2012).
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1040:Cape Verdean
853:
784:. Retrieved
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763:. Retrieved
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742:the original
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723:La'o Hamutuk
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1307: [
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1263: [
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1173:Brasiliense
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1140: [
1128: [
538:and Macau.
520:Orthography
323:Tetun-Prasa
312:Netherlands
276:Timor-Leste
1377:Categories
1299:Oliventine
1289:Estremenho
1120:Paulistano
1085:Amazofonia
1055:SĂŁo Tomean
1050:Mozambican
971:Indonesian
854:Portuguese
786:2022-11-02
765:2021-09-04
569:References
452:Indonesian
354:Indonesian
270:), is the
268:Portuguese
258:Nusantaran
254:Portuguese
175:East Timor
120:Portuguese
1357:Phonology
1272:Alentejan
1202:Uruguayan
1185:Recifense
1125:Sertanejo
1080:Brazilian
915:Kawaimina
465:por favor
448:Malaysian
440:Lusophone
434:Phonology
412:languages
362:President
350:Indonesia
339:Indonesia
210:Glottolog
198:ISO 639-3
1362:Portuñol
1325:See also
1294:Nortenho
1277:Algarvio
1260:Açoriano
1250:European
1245:European
945:Tokodede
925:Makalero
895:Fataluku
605:Expresso
542:See also
325:used in
1149:Carioca
1110:Mineiro
1090:Caipira
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1035:Angolan
1025:African
1020:African
966:English
930:Makasae
910:Idalaka
880:Baikeno
456:African
410:working
365:Suharto
346:invaded
335:APODETI
302:History
272:variety
100:Iberian
81:Romance
1105:GaĂșcho
940:Mambai
935:Makuva
900:Galoli
885:Bekais
875:Atauru
460:Lisbon
444:Indian
256:), or
172:
66:Italic
1311:]
1284:]
1267:]
1236:Macau
1216:Asian
1211:Asian
1192:]
1180:]
1168:]
1156:]
1144:]
1132:]
950:Hakka
920:Kemak
905:Habun
890:Bunak
859:Tetum
536:PALOP
511:Usage
474:Macau
296:Macau
280:Tetum
228:pt-TL
96:Gallo
76:Latin
1231:Goan
650:TIME
450:and
327:Dili
223:IETF
216:None
348:by
266:in
252:in
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